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Self-Flushing Piston Assembly For Slurry Pump, David T. Kao

Civil Engineering Faculty Patents

A slurry pump is provided having a self-flushing piston assembly mounted in a mating cylinder. The piston assembly includes a first piston having a peripheral sealing member and a reciprocating piston rod for driving the first piston for pumping action. A second piston mounted adjacent to the first piston includes a sealing member and forms an enclosed chamber with the first piston. A lost motion coupler connects the pistons together and varies the size of the chamber. On the return stroke of the piston assembly, flushing liquid on the non-slurry side is sucked into the chamber as the chamber expands. …

The Review Of The College Of Law Alumni Association, Fall 1984, University Of Kentucky College Of Law

Annual Magazines

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Equivalent Axleloads: Computer Program Documentation, John M. Salsman, John A. Deacon

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The estimation of equivalent axleloads (EAL) requires the correlation of several data bases. Described herein are three computer programs which summarize truckweight data and classification data, and combine the two data bases to estimate EAL's for each site where classification counts are available in a given year.

The programs also present the data in two matrices to characterize the effects that geographic area, federal-aid classification, coal-haul volume and total volume have on each of the traffic parameters necessary to compute EAL's.

Jackson Purchase Parkway Pavement Study, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Four distinct patterns of cracking were found. Temperature cracks are transverse and occur at intervals of about 15 to 88 feet. Roller-induced cracking has been made apparent by weather and erosion. Longitudinal cracking is usually at the edges of the wheel paths where rutting is prominent. Map cracking or checkering in the wheel paths is caused by the maximum shear stresses occurring at a depth equal to 1/3rd the radius of the loaded area (tire print). This cracking penetrated about 2.5 inches. This cracking and weakness was found only in the all-gravel asphaltic concrete. No stripping was found, but evidences …

Water-Induced Surface Failures On I 65, Hardin County, Kentucky, Ellis G. Williams, Herbert F. Southgate, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report documents an investigation of water-related distress on portions of I 65 in Hardin County, Kentucky, on Muldraugh Hill. An open-graded surface placed on a full-depth asphaltic concrete pavement had shown areas of flushing and shallow shear failures in the outer lanes after one year of service. Cores were obtained from the outer lanes in areas exhibiting no problems to shear and flow failures. Core sites also were chosen across the lane to represent edge, wheel track, and between wheel track conditions. Visual inspection of the cores was made under normal lighting and an ultraviolet light and photographs were …

Two Row Crop Harvester, Larry D. Swetnam, James H. Casada, Linus R. Walton

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Patents

A two row harvesting aid including an easily adjustable, semi-floating, self-steering primary cutter head and an auxiliary second row attachment for harvesting row crops. Self-steering capabilities, a cut-off mechanism and a quick-adjustment are combined into a single integral unit on the primary harvester. Direction sensing is accomplished by utilizing a feeler arm or a set of feeler arms which follow the plant stock row or other protrusions or indentations. Forces detected by the guidance sensors are transmitted to a ring which is a part of the housing and/or shielding of the cut-off device. The steering forces may be transmitted to …

Wetlands And Coal Surface Mining: A Management Handbook, Milady A. Cardamone, Jan R. Taylor, William J. Mitsch

KWRRI Research Reports

As the third phase of a three-year project, this report outlines management options for protecting wetlands during the surface mining of coal, particularly for the portion of the Eastern Interior Coal Region that is found in Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. It is presented in manual form for use by coal mine operators, regulatory agencies and research institutions.

The previous phases of the project produced an atlas of the most heavily-mined areas of the western Kentucky coal field, which classified and identified wetlands in these areas, and discussed some specific impacts of mining on these wetlands. The need to present information …

Impact Evaluation Of Traffic Alcohol Programs: Selected Locations In Kentucky, Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report is an evaluation of increased police enforcement to reduce alcohol-related accidents at selected locations in Kentucky. Evaluations were performed for the following programs: 1) Lexington-Fayette County, including only Urban Police enforcement; 2) McCracken County, including Kentucky State Police, Sheriff's Office and Paducah Police enforcement; and 3) Warren County, including both Kentucky State Police and Bowling Green Police enforcement. Duration of enforcement and level of enforcement varied among the programs.

Four types of data were collected as a means of evaluating Traffic Alcohol Programs at the locations selected for study; accident data, arrest and adjudication data, cost-effectiveness data, and …

Nondestructive Evaluation Of Rigid Pavements Using Road Rater Deflections [1984], Gary W. Sharpe, Mark Anderson, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Road Rater deflections have been used to determine in-place structural conditions of rigid and composite pavements, based on modifications of principles and experience with the structural evaluation of flexible pavements. Details of the use of elastic layer theory to simulate deflection measurements associated with loadings for the Kentucky Road Rater are presented. Included is an illustration of the use of field deflection measurements to "back calculate'" in-place moduli. The procedures are generally iterative and involve matching measured deflections with theoretical deflections. Elastic layer principles have been used to simulate deflections only at the midslab position. Relationships regarding deflections at other …

1984 Safety Belt And Child Safety Seat Usage Rates In Kentucky And Evaluation Of A Public Information Campaign, Kenneth R. Agent, John M. Salsman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

There were two objectives of the survey summarized in this report. One was to establish 1984 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky which were compared to 1983 and 1982 rates. The other was to evaluate the effectiveness of public information campaigns as a means of increasing safety belt and seat usage rates.

Statewide usage rates in the 19 cities previously surveyed in 1982 and 1983 showed that both driver safety belt and child safety seat and belt usage rates had increased in 1984. The 1984 statewide usage rate of safety belts by drivers was 6.9 percent …

Finite Element Simulation Of Saturated-Unsaturated Subsurface Flow, George E. Blandford

KWRRI Research Reports

A two-dimensional transient model for flow through saturated-unsaturated porous media is developed, The model numerically solves the pressure head dependent or moisture content dependent form of Richard's equation. The model code uses isoparametric quadratic triangular and/or quadrilateral finite elements for the geometric representation and for the weak Galerkin spacial integrations. An implicit, unconditionally stable single-step numerical time integration scheme with an oscilliatory noise reduction option is utilized for the temporal discretization. The highly efficient symmetric skyline (profile) solution scheme is used to solve the resulting simultaneous equations. The nonlinear subsurface flow parameters are approximated using cubic spline interpolation. The element …

Discharge And Travel Time Determinations In The Royal Spring Groundwater Basin, Kentucky, John Thrailkill, Douglas R. Gouzie

KWRRI Research Reports

Groundwater flow in many karst regions, including the Inner Bluegrass Karst Region of central Kentucky in which the study area was located, is unlike groundwater flow in granular aquifers. At least the major flows are turbulent and often with a free surface in large conduits, and applying concepts based on Darcy's Law to describe and model these flows is inappropriate. Parameters such as linear velocity, channel geometry, and conveyance used to describe surface streamflows are more applicable, and the primary objective of the project was to estimate these in a groundwater basin using the travel time of dye slugs and …

Analysis Of Loads And Settlements For Reinforced Concrete Culverts, David L. Allen, Bobby W. Meade

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Three primary factors in considering the loads on, and therefore the design of, underground conduits are: bedding conditions, trench configuration, and use of the "imperfect trench." Models of varied conditions are analyzed using a finite element program and the results compared to data obtained at instrumented sites of similar conditions. Presented herein are charts developed from these analyses which will facilitate future design of culverts. Also presented are recommendations for design criteria and construction procedures.

Pavement Thickness Designs Utilizing Low-Strength (Pozzolanic) Base And Subbase Materials, Gary W. Sharpe, Robert C. Deen, Herbert F. Southgate, Mark Anderson

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This paper presents information whereby laboratory test data for pozzolanic base and subbase materials may be combined with elastic layer theory and a limiting strain criterion to determine thickness designs equivalent to conventional asphaltic concrete and crushed stone pavement structures. A summary of laboratory testing in Kentucky also is presented. An example thickness design determination is presented and includes an economic comparison of alternative designs with the conventional asphaltic – crushed stone thickness design.

Relationship Between Kentucky Cbr And Slake Durability, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The design of pavements requires a knowledge of the relative strength and durability of subgrade materials. In Kentucky, the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) test is used to define the relative bearing strength of subgrade materials. Pavement thickness can be obtained if traffic loadings and CBR values are known. Durability of subgrade materials can be characterized using the slake-durability test. The purposes of this study were to correlate values of (soaked) KYCBR and slake-durability indices and examine the swell potential of compacted shales. Correlations were developed between soaked KYCBRs and slake-durability indices obtained from three different slake-durability I testing procedures. The …

Southeastern Law Librarian Summer 1984, Seaall

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Identification Of Soil-Water Chemical Parameters For The Prediction And Treatment Of Suspended Solids In Surface Water Reservoirs Of Coal Mine Lands, V. P. Evangelou, J. H. Grove, R. I. Barnhisel

KWRRI Research Reports

High concentrations of suspended solids in coal mine sedimentation ponds are a factor in lowering water quality. This study focuses on the influence dissolved solids have on concentration and settling of suspended solids. Water samples from sedimentation ponds in Eastern and Western Kentucky were used to evaluate water composition in such ponds. Spoil samples from surface mine sites in both parts of the state were used to evaluate water composition released from the spoils upon introducing water.

The results demonstrate that water quality emanating from coal spoils of Eastern and Western coal mines is dependent on the type of spoil …

Evaluation Of Full-Depth Asphaltic Concrete Pavements, Herbert F. Southgate, Gary W. Sharpe, Mark Anderson, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This study was initiated to verify a newly-developed set of design curves for full-depth asphaltic concrete pavements. Quality control during construction was checked using nuclear density testers, Benkelman beams, and a Road Rater. During the course of this study, an analysis system was developed to interpret the dynamic deflections as measured by the Road Rater and was confirmed by elastic theory. The thickness design curves were verified within the accuracy of construction variations.

Rut depths measured in 1979 were analyzed in terms of potential rut depth resulting from consolidation under traffic due to lack of obtaining 100-percent of Marshall density …

Wood Burning And Creosote Buildup, S. S. Holland, L. R. Piercy, Donald G. Colliver, E. S. Holmes

Agricultural Engineering Energy Series

For many years,wood was the prime source of heating the house and continues to be so in some parts of the world. In this country, we are beginning to see many individuals returning to wood burning--using it as an alternate heat source and even occasionally as a primary heat source. Heating with wood, however, is not for everyone. It is not as simple as heating with gas, oil or electricity. It is not as convenient to use because it requires a considerable amount of labor, a large storage area for the wood, more cleaning of the home, many more safety …

Effectiveness Of Traffic Noise Barrier On I 471 In Campbell County, Kentucky (Interim Report), Tom Creasey, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objective of this study is-to evaluate the effectiveness of the traffic noise barrier on I 471 in Campbell County, Kentucky. Since the barrier construction coincided with construction of I 471, it was necessary to predict noise levels that would exist if no barrier were present by utilizing the FHWA STAMINA 2.0 computer model. This was compared to actual noise level measurements at the barrier site in order to determine the barrier insertion loss.

After calibration of the STAMINA 2.0 model, initial field measurements were taken at receiver locations throughout the barrier site. The average insertion loss in Leq was …

Survey Of Effectiveness Of Transportation Services (1984), Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of transportation services by means of a public opinion survey. Results from the mail survey were intended to provide administrators with quantitative measures so that emphasis would be based on the public's perception of specific programs. Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of 800 licensed drivers in each of Kentucky's 12 highway districts for a total of 9,600 statewide. The total response rate was 51 percent for all districts, with 49 percent considered to be usable responses.

Results from the survey showed that 82 percent of the respondents were …

An Evaluation Of Pavement Drainage Interstate 64, Rowan-Carter Counties, David L. Allen, Herbert F. Southgate

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Accidents Involving Crash Cushions, Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent, Tom Creasey

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report is an analysis of 127 accidents involving crash cushions in Kentucky. The primary data base was for the period 1980-82, with some additional data before and after this period. An attempt was made to document each accident with a police report, photographs, and a repair form. The largest number of accidents (63) involved a Hi-Dro cell cushion or cluster, followed by 33 accidents involving a G.R.E.A.T. crash cushion, 19 with a temporary G.R.E.A.T., 10 with sand barrels, and 2 with steel drums.

Average repair cost was lowest for the Hi-Dro cell cushion ($392) and highest for the Hi-Dro …

Analysis Of Accidents Involving Breakaway-Cable-Terminal End Treatments, Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent, Tom Creasey

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report included an analysis of 50 accidents involving breakaway-cable-terminal (BCT) end treatments and 19 accidents involving median-breakaway-cable-terminal (BMCT) end treatments. The primary data base consisted of Kentucky accident records for the years 1980-82; with selected accidents included before 1980 and after 1982. An attempt was made to document each accident with a police report, photographs, and a maintenance repair form.

Results showed that the breakaway-cable-terminal end treatment performed properly in most accidents (72 percent); that is, the end treatment performed as it was designed with the wooden posts breaking away or the guardrail redirecting the vehicle. Only four impacts …

Corrosion Of Cable Suspension Bridges, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses corrosion problems encountered on the cables of suspension bridges. A historical review is given of past cable suspension bridge corrosion and related laboratory work.

Findings of inspections of suspension bridges at Maysville, KY, Covington, KY, and Portsmouth, OH, are discussed. Recommendations are presented.

Inspection, Prevention, And Remedy Of Suspension Bridge Cable Corrosion Problems, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses methods for visually inspecting cable suspension bridges for corrosion damage. The report discusses how to plan and perform such work, including the locations on cables where corrosion damage is likely to be detected. The report also provides recommendations for assessing the condition of suspension bridge wire. Recommendations also are included for remedial cable repair work should corrosion damage be detected.

Introduction To Cable Suspension Bridges, Theodore Hopwood Ii, James H. Havens

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report is an overview of suspension bridges. A historical perspective of bridge construction design and materials is included, focusing on bridges of interest to the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. The report is intended to provide background information on suspension bridges to those not well acquainted with the structures.

Hydropower Turbine System, David T. Kao

Civil Engineering Faculty Patents

There is disclosed a new cavitation free hydraulic turbine system which fully utilizes well-established hydrodynamic theories useful for low-head hydroelectric applications. The hydropower turbine system of the present invention makes use of a fixed blade propeller turbine with reverse blade angle and an upward flow passage. To eliminate the complex flow control adjustable vane system and elaborate tube design and construction of the prior art, the new turbine system is provided with a vertical needle valve and a near zero absolute velocity free exit flow design.

The Review Of The College Of Law Alumni Association, Spring 1984, University Of Kentucky College Of Law

Annual Magazines

No abstract provided.

Vanpool Demonstration Project (University Of Kentucky), Jerry G. Pigman, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A vanpool demonstration project was operated at the University of Kentucky for the period May 2, 1983, through March 31, 1984. One van originated in Berea (roundtrip 90 miles) and another in Richmond (roundtrip 60 miles). Many problems associated with a vanpool operation were minimized because the riders were University employees and van ownership remained with the University.

It was found that personal contact with potential vanpool riders was much more effective then letters and questionnaires in the effort to generate initial ridership. Because vanpools had not previously been operated extensively in this area, it was difficult to convince potential …