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Signal Regulators Of Systemic Acquired Resistance, Qing-Ming Gao, Shifeng Zhu, Pradeep Kachroo, Aardra Kachroo

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone that plays a vital role in a number of physiological responses, including plant defense. The last two decades have witnessed a number of breakthroughs related to biosynthesis, transport, perception and signaling mediated by SA. These findings demonstrate that SA plays a crictical role in both local and systemic defense responses. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is one such SA-dependent response. SAR is a long distance signaling mechanism that provides broad spectrum and long-lasting resistance to secondary infections throughout the plant. This unique feature makes SAR a highly desirable trait in crop production. This review …

Mapk Signaling Pathway Alters Expression Of Midgut Alp And Abcc Genes And Causes Resistance To Bacillus Thuringiensis Cry1ac Toxin In Diamondback Moth, Zhaojiang Guo, Shi Kang, Defeng Chen, Qingjun Wu, Shaoli Wang, Wen Xie, Xun Zhu, Simon W. Baxter, Xuguo Zhou, Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes, Youjun Zhang

Entomology Faculty Publications

Insecticidal crystal toxins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely used as biopesticide sprays or expressed in transgenic crops to control insect pests. However, large-scale use of Bt has led to field-evolved resistance in several lepidopteran pests. Resistance to Bt Cry1Ac toxin in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), was previously mapped to a multigenic resistance locus (BtR-1). Here, we assembled the 3.15 Mb BtR-1 locus and found high-level resistance to Cry1Ac and Bt biopesticide in four independent P. xylostella strains were all associated with differential expression of a midgut membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase (ALP …

Transcriptional Activity Of The Islet Β Cell Factor Pdx1 Is Augmented By Lysine Methylation Catalyzed By The Methyltransferase Set7/9, Aarthi V. Maganti, Bernhard Maier, Sarah A. Tersey, Megan L. Sampley, Amber L. Mosley, Sabire Özcan, Boobalan Pachaiyappan, Patrick M. Woster, Chad S. Hunter, Roland Stein, Raghavendra G. Mirmira

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The transcription factor Pdx1 is crucial to islet β cell function and regulates target genes in part through interaction with coregulatory factors. Set7/9 is a Lys methyltransferase that interacts with Pdx1. Here we tested the hypothesis that Lys methylation of Pdx1 by Set7/9 augments Pdx1 transcriptional activity. Using mass spectrometry and mutational analysis of purified proteins, we found that Set7/9 methylates the N-terminal residues Lys-123 and Lys-131 of Pdx1. Methylation of these residues occurred only in the context of intact, full-length Pdx1, suggesting a specific requirement of secondary and/or tertiary structural elements for catalysis by Set7/9. Immunoprecipitation assays and mass …

Tall Fescue Cultivar And Fungal Endophyte Combinations Influence Plant Growth And Root Exudate Composition, Jingqi Guo, Rebecca L. Mcculley, David H. Mcnear Jr.

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.)] is a cool-season perennial grass used in pastures throughout the Southeastern United States. The grass can harbor a shoot-specific fungal endophyte (Epichloë coenophiala) thought to provide the plant with enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Because alkaloids produced by the common variety of the endophyte cause severe animal health issues, focus has been on replacing the common-toxic strain with novel varieties that do not produce the mammal-toxic alkaloids but maintain abiotic and biotic stress tolerance benefits. Little attention has been given to the influence of the plant-fungal symbiosis on rhizosphere processes. …

Test On Existence Of Histology Subtype-Specific Prognostic Signatures Among Early Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma And Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Using A Cox-Model Based Filter, Suyan Tian, Chi Wang, Ming-Wen An

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant histological type of lung cancer, accounting for up to 85% of cases. Disease stage is commonly used to determine adjuvant treatment eligibility of NSCLC patients, however, it is an imprecise predictor of the prognosis of an individual patient. Currently, many researchers resort to microarray technology for identifying relevant genetic prognostic markers, with particular attention on trimming or extending a Cox regression model. Adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two major histology subtypes of NSCLC. It has been demonstrated that fundamental differences exist in their underlying mechanisms, which motivated us …

Impact Of Population Stratification On Family-Based Association In An Admixed Population, T. B. Mersha, L. Ding, H. He, E. S. Alexander, X. Zhang, B. G. Kurowski, V. Pilipenko, L. Kottyan, L. J. Martin, David W. Fardo

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Population substructure is a well-known confounder in population-based case-control genetic studies, but its impact in family-based studies is unclear. We performed population substructure analysis using extended families of admixed population to evaluate power and Type I error in an association study framework. Our analysis shows that power was improved by 1.5% after principal components adjustment. Type I error was also reduced by 2.2% after adjusting for family substratification. The presence of population substructure was underscored by discriminant analysis, in which over 92% of individuals were correctly assigned to their actual family using only 100 principal components. This study demonstrates the …

Genetics, Genomics And Evolution Of Ergot Alkaloid Diversity, Carolyn A. Young, Christopher L. Schardl, Daniel G. Panaccione, Simona Florea, Johanna E. Takach, Nikki D. Charlton, Neil Moore, Jennifer S. Webb, Jolanta Jaromczyk

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

The ergot alkaloid biosynthesis system has become an excellent model to study evolutionary diversification of specialized (secondary) metabolites. This is a very diverse class of alkaloids with various neurotropic activities, produced by fungi in several orders of the phylum Ascomycota, including plant pathogens and protective plant symbionts in the family Clavicipitaceae. Results of comparative genomics and phylogenomic analyses reveal multiple examples of three evolutionary processes that have generated ergot-alkaloid diversity: gene gains, gene losses, and gene sequence changes that have led to altered substrates or product specificities of the enzymes that they encode (neofunctionalization). The chromosome ends appear to be …

Global Kentucky (Spring 2015), University Of Kentucky International Center

Global Kentucky

No abstract provided.

Is Psychiatry Only Neurology? Or Only Abnormal Psychology? Déjà Vu After 100 Years, Jose De Leon

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

Forgetting history, which frequently repeats itself, is a mistake. In General Psychopathology, Jaspers criticised early 20th century psychiatrists, including those who thought psychiatry was only neurology (Wernicke) or only abnormal psychology (Freud), or who did not see the limitations of the medical model in psychiatry (Kraepelin). Jaspers proposed that some psychiatric disorders follow the medical model (Group I), while others are variations of normality (Group III), or comprise schizophrenia and severe mood disorders (Group II). In the early 21st century, the players' names have changed but the game remains the same. The US NIMH is reprising both Wernicke's brain mythology …

Detection Of Phlpp1Α/Β In Human And Mouse Brain By Different Anti-Phlpp1 Antibodies, Travis C. Jackson, Hülya Bayir, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Keri Janesko-Feldman, Zaichuan Mi, Tianyan Gao, Edwin K. Jackson, Patrick M. Kochanek

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Pleckstrin homology domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) is a member of the serine/threonine family of phosphatases. It has been studied in organs including brain, heart, pancreas, adipose, breast, and prostate. Human PHLPP1 encodes two splice variants - PHLPP1α (~140-150 kDa) and PHLPP1β (~180-190 kDa). Commercial antibodies are widely used to characterize PHLPP1 proteins in cells/tissues. Here we validate five different antibodies to detect PHLPP1α/β by Western blot using PHLPP1 WT/KO mice. All antibodies recognize PHLPP1β in brain. Only a single antibody (Cosmo Bio Co) detects PHLPP1α (~145-150 kDa). The other four antibodies detect a non-specific signal …

G9a Is Essential For Emt-Mediated Metastasis And Maintenance Of Cancer Stem Cell-Like Characters In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Shuli Liu, Dongxia Ye, Wenzheng Guo, Wenwen Yu, Yue He, Jingzhou Hu, Yanan Wang, Ling Zhang, Yueling Liao, Hongyong Song, Shuangshuang Zhong, Dongliang Xu, Huijing Yin, Beibei Sun, Xiaofei Wang, Jingyi Liu, Yadi Wu, Binhua P. Zhou, Zhiyuan Zhang, Jiong Deng

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a particularly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis, largely due to lymph node metastasis and local recurrence. Emerging evidence suggests that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important for cancer metastasis, and correlated with increased cancer stem cells (CSCs) characteristics. However, the mechanisms underlying metastasis to lymph nodes in HNSCC is poorly defined. In this study, we show that E-cadherin repression correlates with cancer metastasis and poor prognosis in HNSCC. We found that G9a, a histone methyltransferase, interacts with Snail and mediates Snail-induced transcriptional repression of E-cadherin and EMT, through methylation of histone H3 lysine-9 …

Pyrosequencing Reveals A Shift In Symbiotic Bacteria Populations Across Life Stages Of Bactrocera Dorsalis, Awawing A. Andongma, Lun Wan, Yong-Cheng Dong, Ping Li, Nicolas Desneux, Jennifer A. White, Chang-Ying Niu

Entomology Faculty Publications

Bactrocera dorsalis is one of the most economically important fruit flies around the world. In this study, 454 pyrosequencing was used to identify the bacteria associated with different developmental stages of B. dorsalis. At ≥ 97% nucleotide similarity, total reads could be assigned to 172 Operational Taxonomic Units belonging to six phyla. Proteobacteria dominated in immature stages while Firmicutes dominated in adult stages. The most abundant families were Enterococcaceae and Comamondaceae. The genus Comamonas was most abundant in pupae whereas completely absent in adults. Some identified species had low sequence similarity to reported species indicating the possibility of …

Stably Expressed Housekeeping Genes Across Developmental Stages In The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae, Chunxiao Yang, Huipeng Pan, Yong Liu, Xuguo Zhou

Entomology Faculty Publications

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a reliable and reproducible technique for measuring mRNA expression. To facilitate gene expression studies and obtain more accurate qRT-PCR analysis, normalization relative to stable housekeeping genes is mandatory. In this study, ten housekeeping genes, including beta-actin (Actin), elongation factor 1 α (EF1A), glyceralde hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), ribosomal protein L13 (RPL13), ribosomal protein 49 (RP49), α-tubulin (Tubulin), vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase subunit A (SDHA) , 28S ribosomal RNA (28S), and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S) from …

Immune Function And Muscle Adaptations To Resistance Exercise In Older Adults: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Nutritional Supplement, Richard A. Dennis, Usha Ponnappan, Ralph L. Kodell, Kimberly K. Garner, Christopher M. Parkes, Melinda M. Bopp, Kalpana P. Padala, Charlotte A. Peterson, Prasad R. Padala, Dennis H. Sullivan

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Immune function may influence the ability of older adults to maintain or improve muscle mass, strength, and function during aging. Thus, nutritional supplementation that supports the immune system could complement resistance exercise as an intervention for age-associated muscle loss. The current study will determine the relationship between immune function and exercise training outcomes for older adults who consume a nutritional supplement or placebo during resistance training and post-training follow-up. The supplement was chosen due to evidence suggesting its ingredients [arginine (Arg), glutamine (Gln), and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB)] can improve immune function, promote muscle growth, and counteract muscle loss. …

Ppm1a Regulates Antiviral Signaling By Antagonizing Tbk1-Mediated Sting Phosphorylation And Aggregation, Zexing Li, Ge Liu, Liwei Sun, Yan Teng, Xuejiang Guo, Jianhang Jia, Jiahao Sha, Xiao Yang, Dahua Chen, Qinmiao Sun

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING, also known as MITA and ERIS) is critical in protecting the host against DNA pathogen invasion. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of STING remains unclear. Here, we show that PPM1A negatively regulates antiviral signaling by targeting STING in its phosphatase activity-dependent manner, and in a line with this, PPM1A catalytically dephosphorylates STING and TBK1 in vitro. Importantly, we provide evidence that whereas TBK1 promotes STING aggregation in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, PPM1A antagonizes STING aggregation by dephosphorylating both STING and TBK1, emphasizing that phosphorylation is crucial for the efficient activation of STING. Our …

Thrombospondin1 Deficiency Attenuates Obesity-Associated Microvascular Complications In Apoe-/- Mice, Hasiyeti Maimaitiyiming, Kate Clemons, Qi Zhou, Heather Norman, Shuxia Wang

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and the increased development of vascular complications. Previously, we have demonstrated that thrombospondin1 (TSP1) regulates macrophage function and contributes to obesity associated inflammation and insulin resistance. However, the role of TSP1 in the development of obesity associated vascular complications is not clear. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated whether TSP1 deficiency protects mice from obesity associated micro as well as macro-vascular complications in ApoE-/- mice. In this study, male ApoE-/- mice and ApoE-/-TSP1-/- mice were fed with a low-fat (LF) or a high-fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. We found that body weight …

Inorganic Arsenic-Induced Cellular Transformation Is Coupled With Genome Wide Changes In Chromatin Structure, Transcriptome And Splicing Patterns, Caitlyn Riedmann, Ye Ma, Manana Melikishvili, Steven Grason Godfrey, Zhuo Zhang, Kuey-Chu Chen, Eric C. Rouchka, Yvonne N. Fondufe-Mittendorf

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Arsenic (As) exposure is a significant worldwide environmental health concern. Low dose, chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with a higher than normal risk of skin, lung, and bladder cancer, as well as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. While arsenic-induced biological changes play a role in disease pathology, little is known about the dynamic cellular changes resulting from arsenic exposure and withdrawal.

RESULTS: In these studies, we sought to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the biological changes induced by arsenic exposure. A comprehensive global approach was employed to determine genome-wide changes to chromatin structure, transcriptome patterns and splicing patterns in …

A Response Regulator From A Soil Metagenome Enhances Resistance To The Β-Lactam Antibiotic Carbenicillin In Escherichia Coli, Heather K. Allen, Ran An, Jo Handelsman, Luke A. Moe

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Functional metagenomic analysis of soil metagenomes is a method for uncovering as-yet unidentified mechanisms for antibiotic resistance. Here we report an unconventional mode by which a response regulator derived from a soil metagenome confers resistance to the β-lactam antibiotic carbenicillin in Escherichia coli. A recombinant clone (βlr16) harboring a 5,169 bp DNA insert was selected from a metagenomic library previously constructed from a remote Alaskan soil. The βlr16 clone conferred specific resistance to carbenicillin, with limited increases in resistance to other tested antibiotics, including other β-lactams (penicillins and cephalosporins), rifampin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, fusidic acid, and gentamicin. Resistance …

In Vivo Localization Of Iris Yellow Spot Tospovirus (Bunyaviridae)-Encoded Proteins And Identification Of Interacting Regions Of Nucleocapsid And Movement Proteins, Diwaker Tripathi, Gaurav Raikhy, Michael M. Goodin, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Hanu R. Pappu

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Localization and interaction studies of viral proteins provide important information about their replication in their host plants. Tospoviruses (Family Bunyaviridae) are economically important viruses affecting numerous field and horticultural crops. Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV), one of the tospoviruses, has recently emerged as an important viral pathogen of Allium spp. in many parts of the world. We studied the in vivo localization and interaction patterns of the IYSV proteins in uninfected and infected Nicotiana benthamiana and identified the interacting partners.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis demonstrated homotypic and heterotypic interactions between IYSV nucleocapsid …

Methyl Farnesoate Plays A Dual Role In Regulating Drosophila Metamorphosis, Di Wen, Crisalejandra Rivera-Perez, Mohamed Abdou, Qiangqiang Jia, Qianyu He, Xi Liu, Ola Zyaan, Jingjing Xu, William G. Bendena, Stephen S. Tobe, Fernando G. Noriega, Subba R. Palli, Jian Wang, Sheng Li

Entomology Faculty Publications

Corpus allatum (CA) ablation results in juvenile hormone (JH) deficiency and pupal lethality in Drosophila. The fly CA produces and releases three sesquiterpenoid hormones: JH III bisepoxide (JHB3), JH III, and methyl farnesoate (MF). In the whole body extracts, MF is the most abundant sesquiterpenoid, followed by JHB3 and JH III. Knockout of JH acid methyl transferase (jhamt) did not result in lethality; it decreased biosynthesis of JHB3, but MF biosynthesis was not affected. RNAi-mediated reduction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (hmgcr) expression in the CA decreased biosynthesis and titers of the three sesquiterpenoids, resulting in …

Photophysics Of Organic Semiconductors: From Ensemble To The Single-Molecule Level, Rebecca Grollman, Whitney E. B. Shepherd, Alexander Robertson, Keshab R. Paudel, John E. Anthony, Oksana Ostroverkhova

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We present photophysical properties of functionalized anthradithiophene (ADT) and pentacene (Pn) derivatives, as well as charge and energy transfer properties of donor-acceptor (D/A) pairs of these derivatives. All molecules studied were fluorescent and photostable enough to be imaged on the single-molecule level in a variety of polymeric and in a functionalized benzothiophene (BTBTB) crystalline host using room-temperature wide- field epifluorescence microscopy. Flexibility of functionalization of both guest (ADT, Pn) and host (BTBTB or polymer) molecules can be used for systematic studies of nanoscale morphology and photophysics of D/A organic semiconductor bulk heterojunctions, as well as in applications relying on FRET, …

The Impact Of Emotional Intelligence On Conditions Of Trust Among Leaders At The Kentucky Department For Public Health, Jennifer Redmond Knight, Heather M. Bush, William A. Mase, Martha Cornwell Riddell, Meng Liu, James W. Holsinger Jr.

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

There has been limited leadership research on emotional intelligence and trust in governmental public health settings. The purpose of this study was to identify and seek to understand the relationship between trust and elements of emotional intelligence, including stress management, at the Kentucky Department for Public Health (KDPH). The KDPH serves as Kentucky’s state governmental health department. KDPH is led by a Commissioner and composed of seven primary divisions and 25 branches within those divisions. The study was a non-randomized cross-sectional study utilizing electronic surveys that evaluated conditions of trust among staff members and emotional intelligence among supervisors. Pearson correlation …

Poster Session, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

1. Quantification of Common Agricultural Herbicide Dispersal and Land Use in Selected Areas of the Kentucky River Watershed, Andrew Nagel and others, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY
2. Exploring the Effects of Herbicides on Willow Seedlings, Sarah Stryffeler and others, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY
3. LiDAR Mapping Sinkholes in Cane Run Watershed, Fidele Tibouo and others, Dept. Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
4. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy to Study Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants, Frankie Wallace and Matthew Nee, Dept. of Chemistry, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY
5. Test …

Session 2c, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Investigating the Recent Invasion of Silver Carp (Hypopthalmicthys molitrix) into Kentucky Lake, Utilizing Diet and Long Term Data Analysis, Ben Tumolo and Michael B. Flinn, Hancock Biological Station, Murray State University, Murray, KY
• Assessment of Chytrid Fungus (Bactrachochytrium dendrobatidis) Occurrence and Prevalence in Plethodontid Salamanders Across a Forest Disturbance Gradient in Southeastern Kentucky, Sarah M. Hamilton and others, Forestry Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• Strain Diversity in the Fecal Indicator Escherichia coli: Implications for its Use as a Produce Pathogen Surrogate, Ethan Givan and others, USDA-ARS, Bowling Green, KY

Session 2a, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Space-Time Behavior of Soil Water Status Measured Across Two Land Use Systems, Yang Yang and Ole Wendroth, Dept. of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• "Wetness" in Landsat Scenes versus "Wetness" on the Ground: Uses of the Tasselled Cap Transformation on Archival Imagery, Demetrio Zourarakis, Kentucky Division of Geographic Information, Frankfort, KY
• Dynamics of Soil Quality Indicators in Western Kentucky, Hannah Robbins and Iin Handayani, Hutson School of Agriculture, Murray State University, Murray, KY
• Sediment Organic Carbon Fate and Transport Mechanisms in a Fluvial Karst System in the Bluegrass Region, Admin Husic and …

Session 1a, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

• Water Quality Monitoring of McConnell Springs' Surface Waters, 2011 through 2014, David J. Price, Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government, Division of Water, Lexington, KY
• Initial Findings from the Karst Water Instrumentation System Station, Royal Spring Groundwater Basin, Kentucky Horse Park, James Currens and others, Kentucky Geological Survey, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
• Calibration Method to Estimate Suspended-Sediment Concentration from Acoustic Backscatter in a Cross Section, Justin Boldt, USGS Kentucky Water Science Center, Louisville, KY
• Vapor Flux Sampling Techniques for Characterizing Vapor Intrusion, Evan Willett and others, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

Proceedings Of 2015 Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

Kentucky Water Resources Annual Symposium

This symposium was planned and conducted as a part of the state water resources research institute annual program that is supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number G11AP20081 from the United States Geological Survey. The contents of this proceedings document and the views and conclusions presented at the symposium are solely the responsibility of the individual authors and presenters and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USGS or of the symposium organizers and sponsors. This publication is produced with the understanding that the United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes.

Cd47 Deficiency Protects Mice From Diet-Induced Obesity And Improves Whole Body Glucose Tolerance And Insulin Sensitivity, Hasiyeti Maimaitiyiming, Heather Norman, Qi Zhou, Shuxia Wang

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

CD47 is a transmembrane protein with several functions including self-recognition, immune cell communication, and cell signaling. Although it has been extensively studied in cancer and ischemia, CD47 function in obesity has never been explored. In this study, we utilized CD47 deficient mice in a high-fat diet induced obesity model to study for the first time whether CD47 plays a role in the development of obesity and metabolic complications. Male CD47 deficient and wild type (WT) control mice were fed with either low fat (LF) or high fat (HF) diets for 16 weeks. Interestingly, we found that CD47 deficient mice were …

Determining The Role Of Il-4 Induced Neuroinflammation In Microglial Activity And Amyloid-Ss Using Bv2 Microglial Cells And App/Ps1 Transgenic Mice, Clare H. Latta, Tiffany L. Sudduth, Erica M. Weekman, Holly M. Brothers, Erin L. Abner, Gabriel J. Popa, Michael D. Mendenhall, Floracita Gonzalez-Oregon, Kaitlyn Braun, Donna M. Wilcock

Physiology Faculty Publications

Background

Microglia are considered the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). In response to harmful stimuli, an inflammatory reaction ensues in which microglia are activated in a sequenced spectrum of pro- and antiinflammatory phenotypes that are akin to the well-characterized polarization states of peripheral macrophages. A “classically” activated M1 phenotype is known to eradicate toxicity. The transition to an “alternatively” activated M2 phenotype encompasses neuroprotection and repair. In recent years, inflammation has been considered an accompanying pathology in response to the accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to drive an M2a-biased …

Unlocking The Mysteries Of Tdp-43, Keith A. Josephs, Peter T. Nelson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.