Digital Commons Network^™

Chemical Treatment Of Coal Ash For Beneficial Use Applications / By-Product Treatment Via Calcium Polysulfide, James Easton, James Papp, Guy Wojtowicz

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Hybrid Geotextile Design For Ccp Materials In Landfill Drainage And Closure Systems, Gary Ahlberg, William Lupi, Nick Parks, Nilay Patel

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Ecological Risk Associated With Groundwater Discharge Of Ccr-Derived Constituents To Surface Water, Joseph Robb

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Reexamining The Use Of Coal Fly Ash In Agriculture: Utilization As Soil Amendment In Biofuel Feedstock Production, Kudjo Dzantor, E Adeleke, V Kankarla, O Ogunmayowa

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Recent Advances On Coal Ash Particulates’ Fortified Glossy Finish Polymer Composites, Asokan Pappu

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Coal Combustion Byproduct Utilization In Western Maryland Strip Mines, Raymond Morgan, Katie Kline, James Garlitz

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Treatment And Disposal Alternatives For Flue Gas Desulfurization Brines From Power Plants, Nortey Yeboah, Kirk Ellison, Rafic Minkara, Doug Rhodes

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

The Five Fundamentals For Successful Restoration Of Coal Ash Sites, Marc Theisen

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Gold Mining And Unequal Exchange In Western Amazonia: A Theoretical Photo Essay, Gordon L. Ulmer

disClosure: A Journal of Social Theory

I combine fieldwork photography and ethnographic documentation of gold mining in Madre de Dios, Peru, to examine the localized material, social, environmental, and health outcomes of the global gold boom. This 'theoretical photo essay’ examines how local and global forces coalesce around gold mining and influence peoples and environments in Western Amazonia. I use embodiment theory in anthropology, ecological economics, and theories of underdevelopment to understand local consequences of the global gold trade and to elucidate how opulence and the machinations of capital accumulation in economic centers of the world occur at the expense of human lives and environments in …

Disclosure 24

disClosure: A Journal of Social Theory

No abstract provided.

Then And Now: An Analysis Of Broad-Based Merit Aid Initial Eligibility Policies After Twenty Years, William K. Ingle, Jason R. Ratliff

Kentucky Journal of Higher Education Policy and Practice

Using Hall’s framework of policy changes, we sought to document and classify changes in initial eligibility and award provisions of broad-based merit aid scholarship programs at inception and present day. Our analysis revealed five first-order changes, two second-order changes, and only one third order change. Although the policy settings, instruments, and goals remained static in five states, the scholarship dollars in four of them have not kept up with increases in overall cost of attendance.

Aquatic Macroinvertebrates: Biological Indicators Of Stream Health, Carmen T. Agouridis, Evan T. Wesley, Tyler M. Sanderson, Blake L. Newton

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Streams are an important part of the landscape. Streams transport water, sediment and energy; provide habitat for aquatic life and support terrestrial life; provide a place for recreation; and in many cases serve as a water supply. The health of streams—or their ability to perform these important functions—is dependent on the conditions of the watersheds which they drain. Changes in land use within a watershed can affect a stream’s health (Figure 1).

Increasing Adipocyte Lipoprotein Lipase Improves Glucose Metabolism In High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity, R. Grace Walton, Beibei Zhu, Resat Unal, Michael Spencer, Manjula Sunkara, Andrew J. Morris, Richard Charnigo, Wendy Katz, Alan Daugherty, Deborah A. Howatt, Philip A. Kern, Brian S. Finlin

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

Background: Lipoprotein lipase regulates fat uptake into adipose tissue.

Results: A mouse model with increased adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase has improved glucose metabolism when challenged with a high fat diet.

Conclusion: Increasing adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase improves adipose tissue function.

Significance: Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase protects against obesity-induced glucose and insulin intolerance.

Activation Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase By Cellular Heat Shock Protein 70 Is Enhanced By Phospholipids In Vitro, Judit Pogany, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Similar to other positive-strand RNA viruses, tombusviruses are replicated by the membrane-bound viral replicase complex (VRC). The VRC consists of the p92 virus-coded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the viral p33 RNA chaperone, and several co-opted host proteins. In order to become a functional RdRp after its translation, the p92 replication protein should be incorporated into the VRC, followed by its activation. We have previously shown in a cell-free yeast extract-based assay that the activation of the Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) RdRp requires a soluble host factor(s). In this article, we identify the cellular heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) as …

Isolation Housing Exacerbates Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathophysiology In Aged App/Ps1 Mice, Huang Huang, Linmei Wang, Min Cao, Charles Marshall, Junying Gao, Na Xiao, Gang Hu, Ming Xiao

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by gradual declines in social, cognitive, and emotional functions, leading to a loss of expected social behavior. Social isolation has been shown to have adverse effects on individual development and growth as well as health and aging. Previous experiments have shown that social isolation causes an early onset of Alzheimer's disease-like phenotypes in young APP695/PS1-dE9 transgenic mice. However, the interactions between social isolation and Alzheimer's disease still remain unknown.

METHODS: Seventeen-month-old male APP695/PS1-dE9 transgenic mice were either singly housed or continued group housing for 3 months. Then, Alzheimer's disease-like pathophysiological changes were …

Alternating Magnetic Field-Induced Hyperthermia Increases Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Cell Association/Uptake And Flux In Blood-Brain Barrier Models, Mo Dan, Younsoo Bae, Thomas A. Pittman, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being investigated for brain cancer therapy because alternating magnetic field (AMF) activates them to produce hyperthermia. For central nervous system applications, brain entry of diagnostic and therapeutic agents is usually essential. We hypothesized that AMF-induced hyperthermia significantly increases IONP blood-brain barrier (BBB) association/uptake and flux.

METHODS: Cross-linked nanoassemblies loaded with IONPs (CNA-IONPs) and conventional citrate-coated IONPs (citrate-IONPs) were synthesized and characterized in house. CNA-IONP and citrate-IONP BBB cell association/uptake and flux were studied using two BBB Transwell^® models (bEnd.3 and MDCKII cells) after conventional and AMF-induced hyperthermia exposure.

RESULTS: …

Viral Sensing Of The Subcellular Environment Regulates The Assembly Of New Viral Replicase Complexes During The Course Of Infection, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Replication of plus-stranded RNA [(+)RNA] viruses depends on the availability of coopted host proteins and lipids. But, how could viruses sense the accessibility of cellular resources? An emerging concept based on tombusviruses, small plant viruses, is that viruses might regulate viral replication at several steps depending on what cellular factors are available at a given time point. I discuss the role of phospholipids, sterols, and cellular WW domain proteins and eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) in control of activation of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and regulation of the assembly of viral replicase complexes (VRCs). These regulatory mechanisms might …

Scalable Control Architecture For Variable-Rate Turn Compensation, Michael P. Sama, Joe D. Luck, Timothy S. Stombaugh

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine if a CAN bus could be used to implement variable-rate turn compensation in a manner that is scalable by encoding application rates for an entire implement into a single data message. A variable-rate turn compensation test fixture was developed that used a CAN bus to communicate application rates to 16 individual nodes using a 2-byte data message (80-bit extended identifier CAN messages). The system assumed that the physical structure of an implement was linear and that the control nodes were equally spaced. Application rates for the outer-most nodes were broadcasted and the …

Chemoselective Detection And Discrimination Of Carbonyl-Containing Compounds In Metabolite Mixtures By 1H-Detected 15N Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Andrew N. Lane, Sengodagounder Arumugam, Pawel Lorkiewicz, Richard M. Higashi, Sébastien Laulhé, Michael H. Nantz, Hunter N. B. Moseley, Teresa W-M Fan

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

NMR spectra of mixtures of metabolites extracted from cells or tissues are extremely complex, reflecting the large number of compounds that are present over a wide range of concentrations. Although multidimensional NMR can greatly improve resolution as well as improve reliability of compound assignments, lower abundance metabolites often remain hidden. We have developed a carbonyl-selective aminooxy probe that specifically reacts with free keto and aldehyde functions, but not carboxylates. By incorporating ¹⁵N in the aminooxy functional group, ¹⁵N-edited NMR was used to select exclusively those metabolites that contain a free carbonyl function while all other metabolites are rejected. …

The Limits Of Moral Intuitions For Human Rights Advocacy, Andrew K. Woods

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

The central ambition of human rights advocacy is to get people to care, who might otherwise not, about the suffering of others. To accomplish this, human rights advocates often appeal to moral intuitions by telling stories that evoke moral outrage, indignation, or guilt. Are these sorts of appeals a good way to promote human rights? The conventional wisdom suggests that they are. But perhaps the conventional wisdom is incomplete—perhaps human rights advocates should treat moral intuitions with skepticism rather than uncritical embrace. In this brief essay, I argue that appeals to moral intuitions are problematic because moral intuitions can lead …

Increasing Adipocyte Lipoprotein Lipase Improves Glucose Metabolism In High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity, R. Grace Walton, Beibei Zhu, Resat Unal, Michael Spencer, Manjula Sunkara, Andrew J. Morris, Richard Charnigo, Wendy S. Katz, Alan Daugherty, Deborah A. Howatt, Philip A. Kern, Brian S. Finlin

Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center Faculty Publications

Lipid accumulation in liver and skeletal muscle contributes to co-morbidities associated with diabetes and obesity. We made a transgenic mouse in which the adiponectin (Adipoq) promoter drives expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in adipocytes to potentially increase adipose tissue lipid storage. These mice (Adipoq-LPL) have improved glucose and insulin tolerance as well as increased energy expenditure when challenged with a high fat diet (HFD). To identify the mechanism(s) involved, we determined whether the Adipoq-LPL mice diverted dietary lipid to adipose tissue to reduce peripheral lipotoxicity, but we found no evidence for this. Instead, characterization …

Clozapine For Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review, Xian-Bin Li, Yi-Lang Tang, Chuan-Yue Wang, Jose De Leon

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of clozapine for treatment-resistant bipolar disorder (TRBD).

Methods

A systematic review of randomized controlled studies, open-label prospective studies, and retrospective studies of patients with TRBD was carried out. Interventions included clozapine monotherapy or clozapine combined with other medications. Outcome measures were efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Results

Fifteen clinical trials with a total sample of 1,044 patients met the inclusion criteria. Clozapine monotherapy or clozapine combined with other treatments for TRBD was associated with improvement in: (i) symptoms of mania, depression, rapid cycling, and psychotic symptoms, with many patients with TRBD achieving …

Caffeine Consumption In A Long-Term Psychiatric Hospital: Tobacco Smoking May Explain In Large Part The Apparent Association Between Schizophrenia And Caffeine Use, Manuel Arrojo-Romero, Carmen Armas Barbazán, Javier D. López-Moriñigo, Ramón Ramos-Rios, Manuel Gurpegui, José M. Martinez-Ortega, Dolores Jurado, Francisco J. Diaz, Jose De Leon

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

This study further explores the association between schizophrenia and caffeine use by combining two prior published Spanish samples (250 schizophrenia outpatients and 290 controls from the general population) with two Spanish long-term inpatient samples from the same hospital (145 with schizophrenia and 64 with other severe mental illnesses). The specific aims were to establish whether or not, after controlling for confounders including tobacco smoking, the association between schizophrenia and caffeine is consistent across schizophrenia samples and across different definitions of caffeine use. The frequency of caffeine use in schizophrenia inpatients was not significantly higher than that in non-schizophrenia inpatients (77%, …

Powerful Anti-Tumor And Anti-Angiogenic Activity Of A New Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 Peptide In Colorectal Cancer Models, Valeria Cicatiello, Ivana Apicella, Laura Tudisco, Valeria Tarallo, Luigi Formisano, Annamaria Sandomenico, Younghee Kim, Ana Bastos-Carvalho, Augusto Orlandi, Jayakrishna Ambati, Menotti Ruvo, Roberto Bianco, Sandro De Falco

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Publications

To assess the therapeutic outcome of selective block of VEGFR1, we have evaluated the activity of a new specific antagonist of VEGFR1, named iVR1 (inhibitor of VEGFR1), in syngenic and xenograft colorectal cancer models, in an artificial model of metastatization, and in laser-induced choroid neovascularization. iVR1 inhibited tumor growth and neoangiogenesis in both models of colorectal cancer, with an extent similar to that of bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody anti-VEGF-A. It potently inhibited VEGFR1 phosphorylation in vivo, determining a strong inhibition of the recruitment of monocyte-macrophages and of mural cells as confirmed, in vitro, by the ability to inhibit …

Multi-Level Effects Of Low Dose Rate Ionizing Radiation On Southern Toad, Anaxyrus [Bufo] Terrestris, Karolina Stark, David E. Scott, Olga Tsyusko, Daniel P. Coughlin, Thomas G. Hinton

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Despite their potential vulnerability to contaminants from exposure at multiple life stages, amphibians are one of the least studied groups of vertebrates in ecotoxicology, and research on radiation effects in amphibians is scarce. We used multiple endpoints to assess the radiosensitivity of the southern toad (Anaxyrus [Bufo] terrestris) during its pre-terrestrial stages of development -embryonic, larval, and metamorphic. Toads were exposed, from several hours after oviposition through metamorphosis (up to 77 days later), to four low dose rates of ¹³⁷Cs at 0.13, 2.4, 21, and 222 mGy d^-1, resulting in total doses up to 15.8 …

Proteomic Analysis Of Media From Lung Cancer Cells Reveals Role Of 14-3-3 Proteins In Cachexia, Julie B. Mclean, Jennifer S. Moylan, Erin M. Wolf Horrell, Francisco H. Andrade

Physiology Faculty Publications

Aims: At the time of diagnosis, 60% of lung cancer patients present with cachexia, a severe wasting syndrome that increases morbidity and mortality. Tumors secrete multiple factors that contribute to cachectic muscle wasting, and not all of these factors have been identified. We used Orbitrap electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to identify novel cachexia-inducing candidates in media conditioned with Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LCM).

Results: One-hundred and 58 proteins were confirmed in three biological replicates. Thirty-three were identified as secreted proteins, including 14-3-3 proteins, which are highly conserved adaptor proteins known to have over 200 binding partners. We confirmed the …

A Comprehensive Selection Of Reference Genes For Rt-Qpcr Analysis In A Predatory Lady Beetle, Hippodamia Convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Huipeng Pan, Xiaowei Yang, Blair D. Siegfried, Xuguo Zhou

Entomology Faculty Publications

Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a reliable, rapid, and reproducible technique for measuring and evaluating changes in gene expression. To facilitate gene expression studies and obtain more accurate RT-qPCR data, normalization relative to stable reference genes is required. In this study, expression profiles of seven candidate reference genes, including β-actin (Actin), elongation factor 1 α (EF1A), glyceralde hyde-3-phosphate dehydro-genase (GAPDH), cyclophilins A (CypA), vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (ATPase), 28S ribosomal RNA (28S), and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S) from Hippodamia convergens were investigated. H. …

Targeting Human Central Nervous System Protein Kinases: An Isoform Selective P38Αmapk Inhibitor That Attenuates Disease Progression In Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models, Saktimayee M. Roy, Valerie L. Grum-Tokars, James P. Schavocky, Faisal Saeed, Agnieszka Staniszewski, Andrew F. Teich, Ottavio Arancio, Adam D. Bachstetter, Scott J. Webster, Linda J. Van Eldik, George Minasov, Wayne F. Anderson, Jeffrey C. Pelletier, D. Martin Watterson

Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Faculty Publications

The first kinase inhibitor drug approval in 2001 initiated a remarkable decade of tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs for oncology indications, but a void exists for serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor drugs and central nervous system indications. Stress kinases are of special interest in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders due to their involvement in synaptic dysfunction and complex disease susceptibility. Clinical and preclinical evidence implicates the stress related kinase p38αMAPK as a potential neurotherapeutic target, but isoform selective p38αMAPK inhibitor candidates are lacking and the mixed kinase inhibitor drugs that are promising in peripheral tissue disease indications have limitations for neurologic indications. Therefore, …

Chaperone Hsp47 Drives Malignant Growth And Invasion By Modulating An Ecm Gene Network, Jieqing Zhu, Gaofeng Xiong, Hanjiang Fu, B. Mark Evers, Binhua P. Zhou, Ren Xu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a determining factor in the tumor microenvironment that restrains or promotes malignant growth. In this report, we show how the molecular chaperone protein Hsp47 functions as a nodal hub in regulating an ECM gene transcription network. A transcription network analysis showed that Hsp47 expression was activated during breast cancer development and progression. Hsp47 silencing reprogrammed human breast cancer cells to form growth-arrested and/or noninvasive structures in 3D cultures, and to limit tumor growth in xenograft assays by reducing deposition of collagen and fibronectin. Coexpression network analysis also showed that levels of microRNA(miR)-29b and -29c were …

Microcystins As Agents For Treatment Of Cancer, Noel R. Monks, Shuqian Liu, Jeffrey A. Moscow

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

This invention relates to the use of microcystins as agents for treatment of cancer. Also provided are methods of screening for microcystins with improved cytotoxicity.