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The Function Of Boundary Conditions In The Physical Sciences, Julia R. S. Bursten

Philosophy Faculty Publications

Early philosophical accounts of explanation mistook the function of boundary conditions for that of contingent facts. I diagnose where this misunderstanding arose and establish that it persists. I disambiguate between two uses of the term “boundary conditions” and argue that boundary conditions are explanatory via their roles as components of models. Using case studies from fluid mechanics and the physics of waves, I articulate four explanatory functions for boundary conditions in physics: specifying the scope of a model, enabling stable descriptions of phenomena in a model, generating descriptions of novel phenomena, and connecting models from differing theoretical backgrounds.

Information Resources For University Of Kentucky Dei Plan, Ruth E. Bryan

Library Presentations

In this presentation, University Archivist Ruth E. Bryan discusses the various information resources available in the University of Kentucky archives and online for researching University of Kentucky, its land grant beginnings and land purchases, the laborers who constructed and maintained university buildings, and the university's growth in relation to its surrounding neighborhoods.

Does The Federal Crime Bill's Hunter Harassment Provision Violate The First Amendment Or If An Animal Rights Protester Falls Down In The Woods And A Hunter Hears, Is It A Federal Crime?, Jeffrey E. Sherr

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Shared Management Of Reasonable Risk: Implications For Environmental Assessment And Monitoring, Vern R. Walker

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Nmr Methods For Determining Lipid Turnover Via Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics, Penghui Lin, Li Dai, Daniel R. Crooks, Leonard M. Neckers, Richard M. Higashi, Teresa W.-M. Fan, Andrew N. Lane

Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Lipids comprise diverse classes of compounds that are important for the structure and properties of membranes, as high-energy fuel sources and as signaling molecules. Therefore, the turnover rates of these varied classes of lipids are fundamental to cellular function. However, their enormous chemical diversity and dynamic range in cells makes detailed analysis very complex. Furthermore, although stable isotope tracers enable the determination of synthesis and degradation of complex lipids, the numbers of distinguishable molecules increase enormously, which exacerbates the problem. Although LC-MS-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) is the standard for lipidomics, NMR can add value in global lipid analysis and …

Mathematical Modeling Of The Candida Albicans Yeast To Hyphal Transition Reveals Novel Control Strategies, David J. Wooten, Jorge Gómez Tejeda Zañudo, David Murrugarra, Austin M. Perry, Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou, Reinhard Laubenbacher, Clarissa J. Nobile, Réka Albert

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, is a significant cause of human infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Phenotypic plasticity between two morphological phenotypes, yeast and hyphae, is a key mechanism by which C. albicans can thrive in many microenvironments and cause disease in the host. Understanding the decision points and key driver genes controlling this important transition and how these genes respond to different environmental signals is critical to understanding how C. albicans causes infections in the host. Here we build and analyze a Boolean dynamical model of the C. albicans yeast to hyphal transition, integrating …

Early Satellite Cell Communication Creates A Permissive Environment For Long-Term Muscle Growth, Kevin A. Murach, Bailey D. Peck, Robert A. Policastro, Ivan J. Vechetti Jr., Douglas W. Van Pelt, Cory M. Dungan, Lance T. Denes, Xu Fu, Camille R. Brightwell, Gabriel E. Zentner, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, Christopher I. Richards, Jeramiah J. Smith, Christopher S. Fry, John J. Mccarthy, Charlotte A. Peterson

Center for Muscle Biology Faculty Publications

Using in vivo muscle stem cell (satellite cell)-specific extracellular vesicle (EV) tracking, satellite cell depletion, in vitro cell culture, and single-cell RNA sequencing, we show satellite cells communicate with other cells in skeletal muscle during mechanical overload. Early satellite cell EV communication primes the muscle milieu for proper long-term extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and is sufficient to support sustained hypertrophy in adult mice, even in the absence of fusion to muscle fibers. Satellite cells modulate chemokine gene expression across cell types within the first few days of loading, and EV delivery of miR-206 to fibrogenic cells represses Wisp1 expression required …

Long Non-Coding Rna Zfas1 Is A Major Regulator Of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Through Mir-200/Zeb1/E-Cadherin, Vimentin Signaling In Colon Adenocarcinoma, Stephen J. O'Brien, Casey Fiechter, James Burton, Jacob Hallion, Mason Paas, Ankur Patel, Ajay Patel, Andre Rochet, Katharina Scheurlen, Sarah Gardner, Maurice Eichenberger, Harshini Sarojini, Sudhir Srivastava, Shesh Rai, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, Hiram C. Polk, Susan Galandiuk

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Colon adenocarcinoma is a common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a major regulator of cancer metastasis, and increased understanding of this process is essential to improve patient outcomes. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are important regulators of carcinogenesis. To identify lncRNAs associated with colon carcinogenesis, we performed an exploratory differential gene expression analysis comparing paired colon adenocarcinoma and normal colon epithelium using an RNA-sequencing data set. This analysis identified lncRNA ZFAS1 as significantly increased in colon cancer compared to normal colon epithelium. This finding was validated in an institutional cohort using laser capture microdissection. ZFAS1 was also found …

Institutional Controls--An Expedited And Cost-Effective Means For Returning A Superfund Site To Beneficial Use, Anne D. Weber

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

And The Meek Shall Inherit Cleaner Earth, Frank Cross, Scott Segal

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Sara's Offspring: Some First Principles For Superfund Reform In The 1990s, Robert F. Blomquist

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

How To Save The National Priorities List From The D.C. Circuit--And Itself, John S. Applegate

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

"Ownership" Of Underground Storage Tanks, Gary W. Napier, Samuel L. Perkins

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Reflections On The United Nations Conference On Environment And Development, Mitch Mcconnell

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

The Jurisprudence Of The 1992 Rio Declaration On Environment And Development: A Law, Science, And Policy Explication Of Certain Aspects Of The United Nations Conference On Environment And Development, John Batt, David C. Short

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Mining Waste And The Resource Conservation And Recovery Act: An Overview, Glenn C. Van Bever

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Special Legal Problems With Other Environmental Laws Under Smcra, Stephen G. Allen

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Self-Mined Coal Used As Fuel And The Black Lung Coal Tax, Mark F. Sommer

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Interplay Between The Co-Opted Fis1 Mitochondrial Fission Protein And Membrane Contact Site Proteins In Supporting Tombusvirus Replication, Wenwu Lin, Zhike Feng, K. Reddisiva Prasanth, Yuyan Liu, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Plus-stranded RNA viruses have limited coding capacity and have to co-opt numerous pro-viral host factors to support their replication. Many of the co-opted host factors support the biogenesis of the viral replication compartments and the formation of viral replicase complexes on subverted subcellular membrane surfaces. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) exploits peroxisomal membranes, whereas the closely-related carnation Italian ringspot virus (CIRV) hijacks the outer membranes of mitochondria. How these organellar membranes can be recruited into pro-viral roles is not completely understood. Here, we show that the highly conserved Fis1 mitochondrial fission protein is co-opted by both TBSV and CIRV via …

Injury Rates In Major League Baseball During The 2020 Covid-19 Season, Brooks N. Platt, Timothy L. Uhl, Aaron D. Sciascia, Anthony J. Zacharias, Nicole G. Lemaster, Austin V. Stone

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: The 2020 Major League Baseball (MLB) season was drastically altered because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The changes included an extended layoff between March and July as well as a shortened preseason.

Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine the incidence and epidemiology of MLB injuries in the abbreviated 2020 season compared with prior seasons. We hypothesized that there was an increase in the overall injury rate in the 2020 season compared with the 2018-2019 seasons and that it equally affected all body regions.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods: The MLB transactions database was queried to find players who had been placed on …

Multi-Objective Optimization For Aircraft Power Systems Using A Network Graph Representation, Damien Lawhorn, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Today, the electrification of flight is more popular than ever, creating a wide array of concept aircraft and associated power system topologies. In order to gain insights into benefits of these varying architectures, this paper introduces the development of a framework for electric aircraft power system (EAPS) optimization. The proposed framework accepts inputs from a designer in the form of component parameters and desired flight mission characteristics. A collective graph representing many possible architectures is formed, from which, subgraphs that describe power system topologies meeting the flight requirements are extracted and analyzed. Optimal EAPS architectures with respect to goals of …

Valid Existing Rights In Smcra, Robert J. Shostak, Joshua I. Barrett

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Changes In Both Trans- And Cis-Regulatory Elements Mediate Insecticide Resistance In A Lepidopteron Pest, Spodoptera Exigua, Bo Hu, He Huang, Songzhu Hu, Miaomiao Ren, Qi Wei, Xiangrui Tian, Mohammed Esmail Abdalla Elzaki, Chris Bass, Jianya Su, Subba Reddy Palli

Entomology Faculty Publications

The evolution of insect resistance to insecticides is frequently associated with overexpression of one or more cytochrome P450 enzyme genes. Although overexpression of CYP450 genes is a well-known mechanism of insecticide resistance, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we uncovered the mechanisms of overexpression of the P450 gene, CYP321A8 in a major pest insect, Spodoptera exigua that is resistant to multiple insecticides. CYP321A8 confers resistance to organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) and pyrethroid (cypermethrin and deltamethrin) insecticides in this insect. Constitutive upregulation of transcription factors CncC/Maf are partially responsible for upregulated expression of CYP321A8 in the resistant strain. Reporter gene assays …

Young Children’S Information-Seeking Practices In Center-Based Childcare, Sarah C. Barriage

Information Science Faculty Publications

Many children in the USA spend a significant amount of time in center-based childcare. However, research has yet to explore their information practices in this setting. This study investigates young children’s perceptions of the concept of information and their own information-seeking practices within the context of their day care classroom. The participants included 13 children between three and five years of age. Data was collected using participant observation, semi-structured interviews, child-led photo tours, and photo-elicitation interviews. The findings indicate that the children did not perceive the concept of information in a manner consistent with adult understandings of the term, and …

Generation Of A Biobank From Two Adult Thoroughbred Stallions For The Functional Annotation Of Animal Genomes Initiative, Callum G. Donnelly, Rebecca R. Bellone, Erin N. Hales, Annee Nguyen, Scott A. Katzman, Ghislaine A. Dujovne, Kelly E. Knickelbein, Felipe Avila, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, Elena Giulotto, Nicole B. Kingsley, Jocelyn Tanaka, Elizabeth Esdaile, Sichong Peng, Anna Dahlgren, Anna Fuller, Michael J. Mienaltowski, Terje Raudsepp, Verena K. Affolter, Jessica L. Petersen, Carrie J. Finno

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Following the successful creation of a biobank from two adult Thoroughbred mares, this study aimed to recapitulate sample collection in two adult Thoroughbred stallions as part of the Functional Annotation of the Animal Genome (FAANG) initiative. Both stallions underwent thorough physical, lameness, neurologic, and ophthalmic (including electroretinography) examinations prior to humane euthanasia. Epididymal sperm was recovered from both stallions immediately postmortem and cryopreserved. Aseptically collected full thickness skin biopsies were used to isolate, culture and cryopreserve dermal fibroblasts. Serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and gastrointestinal content from various locations were collected and cryopreserved. Under guidance of a board-certified veterinary anatomic …

Efficacy Of Bacteriophage Cocktail To Control E. Coli O157:H7 Contamination On Baby Spinach Leaves In The Presence Or Absence Of Organic Load, Badrinath Vengarai Jagannathan, Steven Kitchens, Paul Priyesh Vijayakumar, Stuart Price, Melissa Morgan

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Fruits and vegetables are high in nutrients that are essential for a healthy lifestyle. However, they also harbor an extensive array of microorganisms such as bacteria, which can be beneficial, neutral, or pathogenic. Foodborne pathogens can contaminate produce at any stage from the farm to the consumer’s table. Appropriate washing techniques using sanitizers can reduce the risk of pathogen contamination. Issues related to maintaining concentration, efficacy, and other problems have been a challenge for the food industry and, when left unresolved, have led to different outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. In this study, the efficacy of a lytic bacteriophage cocktail was …

Drug And Alcohol Abuse In Mining: An Employer's Dilemma, Barbara L. Krause

Journal of Natural Resources & Environmental Law

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Pediatric Obesity On Diurnal Blood Pressure Assessment And Cardiovascular Risk Markers, Margaret O. Murphy, Hong Huang, John A. Bauer, Aric Schadler, Majd Makhoul, Jody L. Clasey, Aftab S. Chishti, Stefan G. Kiessling

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing particularly among obese children and adolescents. Obese children and adolescents with hypertension are likely to remain hypertensive as they reach adulthood and hypertension is linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has become one of the most important tools in diagnosing hypertension in children and adolescents and circadian patterns of blood pressure may be important disease-risk predictors.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients aged 6–21 years who underwent 24-h ABPM at Kentucky Children's Hospital (KCH) from August 2012 through June 2017. Exclusion criteria …

Healthy Trees – Healthy People: A Model For Engaging Citizen Scientists In Exotic Pest Detection In Urban Parks, Heather Norman-Burgdolf, Lynne K. Rieske

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Healthy Trees – Healthy People (HT-HP) is an outreach and education program created to enlist and train participants in exotic pest detection while providing them with structured opportunities to connect with urban nature and increase their physical and emotional health. HT- HP creates infrastructure to increase engagement by the urban populace in the urban tree canopy. The program solicits participants to engage in an 8-week intervention designed to expand capacity to detect non-native insect pests and pathogens, while increasing physical activity, raising awareness of healthy lifestyle choices, and improving the health of participants. Program participants were trained in tree and …

Did Medicaid Slow Declines In Access To Health Care During The Great Recession?, Joseph A. Benitez, Victoria E. Perez, Jie Chen

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: We examine whether broadened access to Medicaid helped insulate households from declines in health coverage and health care access linked to the 2007-2009 Great Recession.

DATA SOURCE: 2004-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).

STUDY DESIGN: Flexible difference-in-difference regressions were used to compare the impact of county-level unemployment on health care access in states with generous Medicaid eligibility guidelines versus states with restrictive guidelines.

DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: Nonelderly adults (aged 19-64) in the BRFSS were linked to county unemployment rates from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program. We created a Medicaid generosity index by simulating …