Digital Commons Network^™

The Narrow-Line Region In The Seyfert 2 Galaxy Ngc 3393, Andrew J. Cooke, J. A. Baldwin, Gary J. Ferland, Hagai Netzer, Andrew S. Wilson

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The narrow-line region (NLR) of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 3393 is dominated by a symmetric structure which appears as S-shaped arms in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. These arms, which occupy the central few arcseconds of the nucleus, border a linear, triple-lobed radio source. We use HST imaging and spectra, ground-based optical images, long-slit spectra, Fabry-Perot imaging spectroscopy, and VLA radio data to perform a detailed investigation of the kinematics and ionization of the line-emitting gas in NGC 3393 and of its relationship with the relativistic gas responsible for the radio emission. The excitation map [O III] …

Thermolectric Materials Based On Intercalated Layered Metallic Systems, Peter C. Eklund, Leonid Grigorian, Keith A. Williams, Gamini U. Sumanasekera

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Patents

A novel thermoelectric material in the form of a unit cell including a first reagent intercalated as a semiconducting layer into a metallic layered host and a method for producing the thermoelectric material are disclosed. The unit cell is characterized by a Seebeck coefficient S of 80-140 μV/K° and an electrical conductivity σ of 10³ -10⁴ (Ωcm)^-1, as well as a figure of merit Z of about 2×10^-3 K^-1 at 100° K.

Gfrp Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks (Kyspr 96-169), David Deitz, Issam E. Harik, Hans Gesund

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report investigates the application of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars in concrete bridge decks as a potential replacement or supplement to conventional steel rebars. Tests were conducted to determine the material properties of the GFRP reinforcement, and experiments were performed to study aspects of GFRP rebar placement in actual bridge decks. These included observation of GFRP rebar handling characteristics and worker response during construction. Load tests of full-scale reinforced concrete specimens were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of three reinforcing schemes: (1) an epoxy coated steel (ECS) reinforcing scheme; (2) a GFRP reinforcing scheme, and (3) a Hybrid …

The Primordial Helium Abundance: Toward Understanding And Removing The Cosmic Scatter In The Dy/Dz Relation, D. R. Ballantyne, Gary J. Ferland, P. G. Martin

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present results from photoionization models of low-metallicity H II regions. These nebulae form the basis for measuring the primordial helium abundance. Our models show that the helium ionization correction factor (ICF) can be nonnegligible for nebulae excited by stars with effective temperatures larger than 40,000 K. Furthermore, we find that when the effective temperature rises to above 45,000 K, the ICF can be significantly negative. This result is independent of the choice of stellar atmosphere. However, if an H II region has an [O III] λ5007/[O I] λ6300 ratio greater than 300, then our models show that, regardless of …

Infrared Classification Of Galactic Objects, Željko Ivezić, Moshe Elitzur

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Unbiased analysis shows that IRAS data reliably differentiate between the early and late stages of stellar evolution because objects at these stages clearly segregate in infrared color-color diagrams. Structure in these diagrams is primarily controlled by the density distribution of circumstellar dust. The density profile around older objects is the steepest, declining as r^-2, while young objects have profiles that vary as r^-3/2 and flatter. The different density profiles reflect the different dynamics that govern the different environments. Our analysis also shows that high-mass star formation is strongly concentrated within ~5 kpc around the Galactic center, in …

Solute Transport As Related To Soil Structure In Unsaturated Intact Soil Blocks, L. Bejat, E. Perfect, V. L. Quisenberry, Mark S. Coyne, G. R. Haszler

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Concern about soil and groundwater pollution has resulted in numerous studies focused on solute transport. The objectives of our study were to investigate the effect of soil type and land-use management on solute movement. Transport of water and Cl⁻ were measured through intact blocks of Maury (fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Paleudalf) and Cecil (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult) soils, under steady-state, unsaturated flow conditions. Three replicate blocks for the Maury soil and two replicate blocks for the Cecil soil were studied per land-use treatment. The land-use treatments were conventional-till corn (Zea mays L.) production and long-term grass …

Properties Of Dust Grains In Planetary Nebulae. I. The Ionized Region Of Ngc 6445, Peter A. M. Van Hoof, Griet C. Van De Steene, Douwe A. Beintema, P. G. Martin, Stuart R. Pottasch, Gary J. Ferland

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

One of the factors influencing the spectral evolution of a planetary nebula is the fate of the dust grains that are emitting the infrared continuum. Several processes have been proposed that either destroy the grains or remove them from the ionized region. To test whether these processes are effective, we study new infrared spectra of the evolved nebula NGC 6445. These data show that the thermal emission from the grains is very cool and has a low flux compared to Hβ. A model of the ionized region is constructed, using the photoionization code CLOUDY 90.05. Based on this model, we …

The Appalachian Rural Systemic Initiative: Improving Science And Mathematics Student Achievement In Economically Disadvantaged Rural Counties In Central Appalachia Through A School-Based, Teacher Partner Approach, Stephen A. Henderson, Wimberly C. Royster

Mathematics Faculty Publications

This article was written in response to "Top-Down, Routinized Reform in Low-income, Rural Schools: NSF's Appalachian Rural Systemic Initiative, by Robert Bickel, Terry Tomaskek, and Teresa Hardman Eagle which was published in the Education Policy Analysis Archives as Number 12 of Volume 8 on February 21, 2000.

Changes In Alfalfa Breeding — Where Is Alfalfa Headed?, Becky Greenwald

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa didn't earn the title "Queen of the Forages" just because of its good looks on rolling hills or sweet smell at harvest. Alfalfa was first described nearly 2,500 years ago, in 490 B.C in the desert regions of what is now Iran. From the Middle East, alfalfa was taken into Europe and South America by invading armies, explorers, and missionaries.

Little Known Facts About Alfalfa, Don Ball

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

During the previous nineteen Kentucky Alfalfa Conferences, many topics pertaining to alfalfa have undoubtedly been addressed. In fact, some topics such as establishment techniques, varieties, and factors affecting yield are important enough that they have probably been discussed in one form or another during most of these conferences.

However, a twentieth-year state commodity conference is a milestone that deserves some special consideration, and which should justify inclusion of one or more unique topics on the program. This line of thinking led to idea that for this presentation it might be interesting to discuss some facts about alfalfa that are not …

Reducing Alfalfa Harvesting Losses, Michael Collins

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

In some areas of the country, producers store a substantial portion of their forage for winter feeding as silage or haylage. However, hay remains the most popular storage method for forage. Hay stores well for long periods and is better suited to cash sale and transportation than silage. Mechanical conditioning, which gained acceptance during the 1950's is probably still the greatest single change in hay harvesting and storage technology during this century. However, a number of other noteworthy changes and innovations have occurred in recent years which have helped to reduce the extent of losses during hay harvesting and storage.

Opportunities For Alfalfa As A Grazing Crop In Kentucky, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Why do we continue to hear people talk about Alfalfa as a grazing crop? In my opinion there are two words that come to mind when I think of grazing Alfalfa, quality and yield. Alfalfa is without a doubt the highest quality forage we can graze. Alfalfa is also one of the highest yielding forages we can graze and maybe the highest yielding widely known and widely grown forage available to Kentucky farmers.

Hay Testing And New Marketing Program, Allen Johnson

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The Kentucky Department of Agriculture (Hay & Grain Branch) Hay testing program is now entering its 13^th year of testing hay for Kentucky producers. The Department continues to use NIR forage analysis equipment. The program has made many improvements and much information has been gained. We continue to strive for quality control and producing accurate results. Recently, many new updates have occurred. New hardware and software have been added, along with the recent purchase of a second hay testing van. By placing a toll free call (1-800- 248-4628) to the Department of Agriculture in Frankfort, we will find a …

An Alfalfa Disease Calendar, Paul Vincelli

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The following calendar provides producers and agricultural professionals with insights that may improve alfalfa production in several ways. First, knowing when to expect certain diseases improves one's ability to diagnose disease problems, which is a fundamental foundation for disease management. The many UK Extension Service publications on alfalfa as well as publications like the Alfalfa Analyst and the Compendium of Alfalfa Diseases, all are useful for diagnosis, but none provides a precise calendar of when to expect activity of alfalfa diseases in Kentucky. An alfalfa disease calendar can also provide occasional insights into timely management practices. For example, being …

Fertilizing Alfalfa For Profit, Monroe Rasnake, Steven G. Isaacs

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa has the potential for producing high yields of high quality forage with good management. A key component of good management is supplying plant nutrients in adequate quantities and proper balance. In Kentucky, this requires fertilizing soils with agricultural limestone, commercial fertilizers and/or animal manures. Good soil fertility is necessary for alfalfa stand establishment, high yields and long stand life.

Kentucky Alfalfa Conference After Twenty Years, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Today marks the 20th consecutive year we have come together for a full days conference featuring "Alfalfa- Queen of the Forages" as the theme and focal point. Only one other state in the U.S. has such an annual event.

Foreword [2000], Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

This is the front matter of the proceedings.

1999 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Data Collection Effort, L. Ormsbee, E. Caudill, G. Epp

Kentucky River Watershed Watch

No abstract provided.

On Preconditioning Schur Complement And Schur Complement Preconditioning, Jun Zhang

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We study two implementation strategies to utilize Schur complement technique in multilevel recursive incomplete LU preconditioning techniques (RILUM) for solving general sparse matrices. The first strategy constructs a RILUM to precondition the original matrix. The second strategy solves the first Schur complement matrix using the lower level parts of the RILUM as the preconditioner. We discuss computational and memory costs of both strategies and the potential effect on grid independent convergence rate of RILUM with different implementation strategies.

Effects Of Longwall Mining On Hydrology, Leslie County, Kentucky Part 2: During-Mining Conditions, Shelley Minns Hutcheson, James A. Kipp, James S. Dinger, Lyle V.A. Sendlein, Daniel I. Carey, Gregory L. Secrist

Report of Investigations--KGS

The effects of longwall coal mining on hydrology in the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field are being investigated. The study area is in the Edd Fork watershed in southern Leslie County, over Shamrock Coal Company's Beech Fork Mine. Longwall panels approximately 700 ft wide are separated by three-entry gateways that are approximately 200 ft wide. The mine is operated in the Fire Clay (Hazard No. 4) coal; overburden thickness ranges from 300 to 800 ft. Mining began in panel 1 in September 1991 and concluded with panel 8 in September 1994. Long-term monitoring consisting of a network of piezometers and time-domain …

Redistribution Under The Current Social Security System, Kathryn L. Moore

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Arguably the most successful program of the modern welfare state, Social Security has been enormously successful in lifting the elderly out of poverty. Thirty years ago, almost 30% of the elderly were in poverty, a poverty rate that was more than twice as high as the rate for the population as a whole. Today, in contrast, only about 12% of the elderly are subject to poverty, a rate that is about the same as the rest of the adult population.

This Article describes how the current system redistributes income. The Article does not attempt to develop a mathematical model to …

Evaporation Reduction Potential In An Undisturbed Soil Irrigated With Surface Drip And Sand Tube Irrigation, Masoud Meshkat, Richard C. Warner, Stephen R. Workman

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The efficiency of drip irrigation is highly dependent on evaporation losses occurring from the constantly saturated soil beneath emitters. Advent of subsurface drip irrigation is in part an approach to curb this inefficiency. An irrigation method, Sand Tube Irrigation (STI), is proposed to increase the efficiency of “Normal” surface applied drip Irrigation (NI method) on permanent tree crops without the need for burying the irrigation tubing. The sand tube consists of removing a soil core beneath the emitter and filling the void with coarse sand. A weighing lysimeter was constructed in the laboratory and instrumented to directly measure temporal evaporation …

Mowing, Dethatching, Coring, And Rolling Kentucky Lawns, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Good lawn care takes more than just mowing and chemical treatments. To develop quality turf, you need correct mowing techniques and may occasionally need to dethatch, core, or roll your lawn.

Improving Turf Through Renovation, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Turf generally can be improved through proper mowing, fertilizing, watering, and pest control applications. With some turf problems, however, the only solution is re-establishment, using one of two methods:

• The conventional method, which involves destroying the sod, tilling the soil, and replanting.
• Renovation, which involves replanting without completely tilling the soil and often without destroying all existing vegetation.

Advantages of conventional tillage over renovation:

• Control of weeds and undesirable grass may be more complete.
• Surface depressions or humps can be removed, resulting in a smoother soil surface.
• Large quantities of organic matter or sand can be mixed into the surface …

Turf Care Calendar For Kentucky Bluegrass, Tall Fescue, And Perennial Ryegrass Turf, A. J. Powell

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

No abstract provided.

Cache Optimization For Structured And Unstructured Grid Multigrid, Craig C. Douglas, Jonathan Hu, Markus Kowarschik, Ulrich Rüde, Christian Weiss

Center for Computational Sciences Faculty Publications

Many current computer designs employ caches and a hierarchical memory architecture. The speed of a code depends on how well the cache structure is exploited. The number of cache misses provides a better measure for comparing algorithms than the number of multiplies.

In this paper, suitable blocking strategies for both structured and unstructured grids will be introduced. They improve the cache usage without changing the underlying algorithm. In particular, bitwise compatibility is guaranteed between the standard and the high performance implementations of the algorithms. This is illustrated by comparisons for various multigrid algorithms on a selection of different computers for …

Effect Of Magnesium And Sulfur Fertilization Of Alfalfa, Kenneth L. Wells, James E. Dollarhide

Soil Science News and Views

In response to concerns that high yields of alfalfa need to be fertilized with sulfur (S) because of soil depletion of S and less S entering the soil from atmospheric fallout, studies were conducted during 1998-1999, to test for S response by alfalfa. Additionally, alfalfa was tested for magnesium (Mg) response because previous hay analysis from the study site had shown very low levels of Mg.

Irrigated Field Crop Acres In Kentucky, Lloyd W. Murdock

Soil Science News and Views

Irrigation in Kentucky has always been limited. This is due to a limited water supply in many parts of Kentucky and the high amount of rainfall in the state which reduces the chances for a consistent profitable response to field crops.

Soil Testing For Agronomic And Environmental Uses, William O. Thom, Frank J. Sikora

Soil Science News and Views

Soil testing is a program that includes taking samples from a field or site, performing a laboratory analysis, and making recommendations for lime and crop nutrients. Good results from this program depend on several supporting factors: (I) obtaining samples representative of the soil in a field area or site; (2) using good techniques in the laboratory that give accurate indications of the nutrient status of the sampled area; and (3) having an extensive data base for making lime and nutrient recommendations from the analytical results.

Drawdown Of Soil Test Phosphorus And Potassium Levels By Alfalfa, Kenneth L. Wells, James E. Dollarhide

Soil Science News and Views

Alfalfa hay production removes large amounts of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from soils. Because of this, there is always interest in the reduction of soil test phosphorus (STP) and soil test potassium (STK) levels by high-yielding alfalfa. Periodic soil sampling for 2 years during an on-farm· fertilizer study on a high yielding alfalfa field provided an insight into this.