Digital Commons Network^™

Interleukin-10 Receptor Dysfunction In Peritoneal Macrophages By Toll-Like Receptor Ligands, Surjya Bhattacharyya

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine which limits inflammatory responses by balancing the hosts immune response against infection. Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that recognize specific molecular pattens on microbial pathogens and activate intracellular signaling via the transcription factors NF-B and IRF-3. In this study we evaluate the contribution of the TLR ligands Poly I:C, Pam3CSK4, LPS and LTA to IL-10 receptor dysfunction in murine peritoneal macrophages (PM). We examine how these ligands are able to alter IL-10 mediated STAT3 phosphorylation and CCR5 gene expression in PM. The ability of Poly I:C and Pam3CSK4 to alter the …

Permissiveness Of Selected Cell Lines To Equine Arteritis Virus: Establishment, Characterization, And Significance Of Persistent Infection In Hela Cells, Jianqiang Zhang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A major goal of this research was to evaluate a variety of cell lines for theirpermissiveness to equine arteritis virus (EAV) infection and then identify the mechanismthat restricts EAV infection in certain cell lines. The cell lines BHK-21, RK-13, andC2C12 were found to support productive infection with EAV strain VBS53, whereasHela, Hep-2, and L-M cell lines exhibited limited susceptibility to infection with thisvirus. In the course of the study, it was found that the Hela cell line became moresusceptible to infection with EAV strain VBS53 after extended serial passage. Therespective cell lines were referred to as Hela High (passage 170-221) …

Redox Proteomics Identification Of Oxidatively Modified Proteins And Their Pharmacological Modulation: Insight Into Oxidative Stress In Brain Aging, Age-Related Cognitive Impairment, Hung Fai Poon

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The studies presented in this work were completed with the goal ofgaining greater insight into the roles of protein oxidation in brain aging and age-relatedcognitive impairment. Aging is associated with the impairment of physiological systemssuch as the central nervous system (CNS), homeostatic system, immune system, etc.Functional impairments of the CNS is associated with increased susceptibility to developmany neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson's disease(PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). One of the most noticeable functionalimpairments of the CNS is manifested by cognitive decline. In the past three decades, thefree radical theory of aging has gained relatively strong support …

Felix Platter: A Sixteenth-Century Medical Student, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Carbon Fiber For Air Filtration, Marit Jagtoyen, Francis J. Derbyshire, Rosemary Anne Alexander Derbyshire

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty Patents

Described are filters containing free-activated carbon fibers or activated carbon fibers in the form of a composite used for filtering a variety of contaminants, including pathogens, from air. These filters can provide effective and efficient removal of contaminants from air, requiring only short contact time between the air being filtered and the filter itself, with only a minimum pressure drop across the filter. The characteristics of these filters allow for effective filtration with only thin filter layers being required. The process of filtering air utilizing these filters is also disclosed.

[Review Of] Plagues & Poxes: The Impact Of Human History On Epidemic Disease [By] Alfred Jay Bollet, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Econometric Analysis Of Infant Mortality, Pollution, And Income In The U.S. Counties, Margarita Yuri Somov

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The concept of economic development has broadened to include environmental quality and population health. Interactions between income and pollution, income and health, and pollution and health have been studied separately by researchers from various disciplines. This study attempts to unify several different research strands and analyze simultaneous interactions between population health, measured by the infant mortality rate, pollution, and income in one endogenous system. Socioeconomic, racial, and rural urban disparities in infant mortality, pollution, and income are analyzed. The simultaneous equation system, estimated using the two-stage least squares method, tests whether pollution effects on infant mortality are outweighed by income …

Kentucky River Basin: Unified Long-Range Water Resources Plan. Executive Summary, Lindell E. Ormsbee, Malissa Mcalister

KWRRI Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Alfalfa Disease Management, Paul Vincelli

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa can be a vigorous and productive forage crop for Kentucky farmers. Like all farm crops, however, alfalfa is subject to infectious diseases that can limit forage production. Managing these diseases is an important part of economical alfalfa production.

Hiv Protease Inhibitors Promote Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation Independent Of Dyslipidemia By Increasing Cd36-Dependent Cholesteryl Ester Accumulation In Macrophages, James Dressman, Jeanie Kincer, Sergey V. Matveev, Ling Guo, Richard N. Greenberg, Theresa Guerin, David Meade, Xiang-An Li, Weifei Zhu, Annette M. Uittenbogaard, Melinda E. Wilson, Eric J. Smart

Physiology Faculty Publications

Protease inhibitors decrease the viral load in HIV patients, however the patients develop hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerosis. It has been assumed that protease inhibitor–dependent increases in atherosclerosis are secondary to the dyslipidemia. Incubation of THP-1 cells or human PBMCs with protease inhibitors caused upregulation of CD36 and the accumulation of cholesteryl esters. The use of CD36-blocking antibodies, a CD36 morpholino, and monocytes isolated from CD36 null mice demonstrated that protease inhibitor–induced increases in cholesteryl esters were dependent on CD36 upregulation. These data led to the hypothesis that protease inhibitors induce foam cell formation and consequently atherosclerosis by upregulating CD36 and …

Hiv And The Direct Threat Defense, Katrina Atkins, Richard Bales

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Chronic Ethanol Consumption Inhibits Multiple Apoptotic Pathways In The Rat Pancreatic Acinar Cell, Franco Fortunato

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Multiple lines of experimental evidence demonstrate that chronic alcoholconsumption causes mitochondrial injury, as well as acinar cell oxidative and metabolicstress. Alcoholics are more susceptible to acute and chronic pancreatitis. Despite alcoholrelatedacinar cell injury, apoptosis, or programmed cell death, appears to be reduced inacinar cells rather than increased, as is seen in the liver.This work describes the possible mechanisms through which alcohol affects theacinar cell apoptosis pathways in the rat pancreas. Two apoptotic pathways wereinvestigated: (1) receptor-mediated apoptosis via Fas/FasL and caspase-8, and (2)mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis via Bcl-2/Bax and caspase-9. Both pathways canactivate the final apoptosis executer caspase-3. Using the Lieber-DeCarli alcohol/controldiet, …

Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Of Two Common Food Phenolic Compounds And Their Effect On The Microbial Ecology Of Swine Feces In Vitro, Jennifer I. Zaffarano

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Feeding sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics to livestock has been associated withdevelopment and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The present experiment was conductedto investigate the effect of antibiotic alternatives (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and carbadox)on the microbial ecology of swine feces in vitro.Minimum inhibitory concentrations of caffeic and chlorogenic acids were determined forseveral pathogens using macrobroth and agar dilution techniques. Gram-negative bacteria werenot inhibited. Caffeic acid inhibited four Staphylococcus aureus strains at 200 ppm or less, andtwo Clostridium perfringens strains at 300 ppm. Chlorogenic acid inhibited all S. aureus strainsat 500 ppm, and one C. perfringens strain at 400 ppm.Effects of …

Cattle Handling Facilities: Planning, Components, And Layouts, José R. Bicudo, Samuel G. Mcneill, Larry W. Turner, Roy Burris, John Anderson

Agricultural Engineering Extension Publications

Cattle handling facilities are used to confine cattle safely and efficiently for close observation and to perform routine health and management procedures. Adequate facilities are an essential part of an efficient cattle operation for any producer who wants to improve marketing, cattle health, and production. A well-planned handling facility can help you save money by making easier practices such as preventive health management, pregnancy testing, implanting, controlling parasites, vaccinating, castrating, and dehorning.

Treating Physicians As Expert Witnesses In Compensation Systems: The Public Health Connection, Brian C. Murchison

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Legislating A Public Health Nightmare: The Anti-Immigrant Provisions Of The "Contract With America" Congress, Julia Field Costich

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Federal Government's Role In Protecting Public Health, Ernie Fletcher

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Conceptualizing The Field After September 11th: Foreword To A Symposium On Public Health Law, Lawrence O. Gostin

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

School Vaccination Requirements: Historical, Social, And Legal Perspectives, James G. Hodge Jr., Lawrence O. Gostin

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Method For Treating Ischemia, Peter R. Oeltgen, Mark S. Kindy, Paul D. Bishop

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Patents

A method for treating ischemia by administering deltorphins to a mammal. Deltorphin I SEQ ID NO:1, delntorphin II SEQ ID NO:2 or combinations of deltorphins I SEQ ID NO:1 and II SEQ ID NO:2 may be administered. A deltorphin concentration of about 0.5-20 mg/kg body weight, or alternatively a lower concentration of about 1-1000 μg/kg body weight of the mammal in a physiologically acceptable formulation is administered up to four hours after an ischemic episode. Deltorphins may also be administered prior to or concurrently with onset of ischemia. Cerebral or spinal cord ischemia or ischemic heart disease may be treated …

The Toxoplasma Gondii Protein Rop2 Mediates Host Organelle Association With The Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane, Anthony P. Sinai, Keith A. Joiner

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Toxoplasma gondii replicates within a specialized vacuole surrounded by the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM). The PVM forms intimate interactions with host mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a process termed PVM–organelle association. In this study we identify a likely mediator of this process, the parasite protein ROP2. ROP2, which is localized to the PVM, is secreted from anterior organelles termed rhoptries during parasite invasion into host cells. The NH₂-terminal domain of ROP2 (ROP2hc) within the PVM is exposed to the host cell cytosol, and has characteristics of a mitochondrial targeting signal. In in vitro assays, ROP2hc is …

Currents In The Stream: The Evolving Legal Status Of Gay And Lesbian Persons In Kentucky, Matthew M. Morrison

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Accessory Cell Defect In Unresponsiveness Of Neonates And Aged To Polysaccharide Vaccines., Subbarao Bondada, H Wu, D A Robertson, R L Chelvarajan

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

T independent antigens elicit antibody responses in the absence of carrier specific T helper cells but require signals from accessory cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) or specific cytokines. They are further subdivided into TI-1 and TI-2 categories based on the ability of TI-1 but not TI-2 antigens to elicit immune responses from neonates. Most bacterial polysaccharides including the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines belong to the TI-2 class. It is hypothesized that defects in accessory cell function play a critical role in the failure of neonates to respond to such TI-2 antigens. Immune responses to these TI-2 stimuli are also reduced in …

Means To Achieve Sustained Release Of Synergistic Drugs By Conjugation, Paul Ashton, Peter A. Crooks, Tadeusz Cynkowski, Grazyna Cynkowska, Hone Guo

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

A codrug composition of at least two drug compounds covalently linked to one another via a labile bond to form a single codrug composition, or ionically linked to one another to form a single workings composition, and methods of use of the codrug for the treatment of various medical conditions. The codrug may be administered by itself or in the form of a bioerodible or nonbioerodible substance.

Intimate Partner Violence Among Men And Women In South Carolina, 1998, Ann L. Coker, Christina Derrick, Julia L. Lumpkin, Robert Oldendick, R H. Potter

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Few studies provide population-based estimates of intimate partner violence (IPV) for men and women, especially at the state level. IPV may result in adverse health effects for victims and perpetrators (1-3). To estimate the lifetime incidence of IPV by type of violence (e.g., physical, sexual, and perceived emotional abuse) and to explore demographic correlates of reporting IPV among men and women, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and the University of South Carolina conducted a population-based random-digit-dialed telephone survey of adults in the state. This report summarizes the results of the survey, which indicated that approximately 25% …

Intimate Partner Violence And Cervical Neoplasia, Ann L. Coker, Maureen Sanderson, Mary Kay Fadden, Lucia Pirisi

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with a range of adverse physical health outcomes, including chronic and infectious diseases. An emerging literature suggests that partner violence and specifically sexual violence may be associated with an increased risk of cervical neoplasia. To assess the risk of preinvasive and invasive cervical cancer in a cross-sectional study of women screened for IPV by type, frequency and duration, 1152 women ages 18–65 were recruited from family practice clinics in 1997–1998. They were screened for IPV during a brief in-clinic interview, and health history and current status were assessed in a follow-up interview. Of 1152 …

Nucleotide Or Nucleoside Photoaffinity Compound Modified Antibodies, Methods For Their Manufacture And Use Thereof As Diagnostics And Therapeutics, Boyd E. Haley, Heinz Köhler, Krishnan Rajagopalan, Gabriela Pavlinkova

Chemistry Faculty Patents

Sites on antibodies having affinity for photoaffinity compounds, in particular purine or azidopurine containing compounds are taught. These sites provide for the site-specific attachment of nucleotide photoaffinity compounds to antibodies, e.g., ATP- or GTP-analog photoaffinity compounds by photochemical means. These nucleotide photoaffinity compounds may additionally be attached to molecules having a desired therapeutic or diagnostic activity, and the resultant conjugates used as diagnostics or therapeutics.

Interview: Alexander Cockburn. Judging The Jury, Mary Gilmartin, Susan Mains

disClosure: A Journal of Social Theory

No abstract provided.

Nucleotide Or Nucleoside Photoaffinity Compound Modified Antibodies, Methods For Their Manufacture And Use Thereof As Diagnostics And Therapeutics, Boyd E. Haley, Heinz Köhler, Krishnan Rajagopalan, Gabriela Pavlinkova

Chemistry Faculty Patents

Sites on antibodies having affinity for photoaffinity compounds, in particular purine or azidopurine containing compounds are taught. These sites provide for the site-specific attachment of nucleotide photoaffinity compounds to antibodies, e.g., ATP- or GTP-analog photoaffinity compounds by photochemical reaction. These nucleotide photoaffinity compounds may additionally be attached to molecules having a desired therapeutic or diagnostic activity, and the resultant conjugates used as diagnostics or therapeutics.

Genetics, Genetic Testing, And The Specter Of Discrimination: A Discussion Using Hypothetical Cases, Richard H. Underwood, Ronald C. Cadle

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

A "genetic revolution" is upon us. Techniques for genetic testing have increased in sophistication, and an international effort to map and sequence human DNA—The Human Genome Project ("HGP")—is now well under way. We are beginning to exploit our new found genetic knowledge. Recognition of the relationship between developments in genetic science, law, and public policy, is creeping into the "literature" and into the law school curriculum. Even the popular 60 Minutes television "news magazine" recently did a program on the perils of genetic testing. Still, for lawyers and policymakers at least, the material is not all that accessible.

The following …