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Allelopathy Of Panicum Maximum Jacq. Cultivars On Tree And Shrub Forage Legumes: Greenhouse Estimate, A. R. P. Almeida, T. J. D. Rodrigues

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The available information about allelopathic effects of the genus Panicum on tropical forage legumes is scarce and inconclusive. Based on this fact this research was carried out, under greenhouse conditions to evaluate potential allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts (0,10 and 20%) of three cultivars of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Mombaça, cv. Aruana and cv. Tanzânia-1 on three forage legumes, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. (leucaena), Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. cv. Kaki (pigeon pea) and Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. (sesbania) seeking for mixed grasses and legumes pastures. The following characteristics were evaluated: emergence porcentage, speed of germination index, root density, dry …

Tillage Systems In The Establishment Of Pastures In Argentinian Subhumid Area, H. Pagliaricci, C. Saroff, A. Ohanian, T. Pereyra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effect of three tillage systems on the number of plants produced and forage production of a pasture the first year of establishment was assessed in this experiment. The components of the pasture were alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb), orchard grass (Dactilys glomerata L), and prairie grass (Bromus unioloides). Treatments were three tillage systems: conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and direct sowing (DS). Sowing was performed with (NI) and without fertilizers (N0) in each treatment. A split-plot experimental design with two repetitions was used, with tillage being the main factor …

Allelopathy Of Panicum Maximum Jacq. Cultivars On Tree And Shrub Forage Legumes: Tolerance Index, A. R. P. Almeida, T. J. D. Rodrigues

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the tolerance of three forage legumes (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit., Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. cv. Kaki and Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.) to the allelopathic effects of three cultivars of Panicum maximum Jacq. (cv. Mombaça, cv. Aruana and cv. Tanzânia-1), under greenhouse conditions. The root and shoot tolerance indexes were calculated using the data of dry mass of roots and shoots of plants cultivated in pots and moistened with water or aqueous extracts (0,10 and 20%) of the cultivars of P. maximum. The results indicated that: a) the root tolerance …

Compatibility Of Kura Clover And Cool Season Grass Mixtures In Michigan, P. Jeranyama, R. H. Leep, T. Dietz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.) is an alternative forage legume for rotational grazing in cool-season grass mixtures. However, compatibility with cool-season grasses is unknown. Seven cool-season perennial grasses were seeded into Kura clover in a rotational grazing experiment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate botanical composition, forage yield and quality of binary mixtures of cool-season grass with Kura clover. Field studies were conducted on a Nester (fine sandy loam) soil at Lake City Experiment Station, Lake City, MI. Botanical compositions in the first year of the study heavily favored grasses (avg. 74%) and Kura clover accounted for …

Forage Legume Presence And Grazing Intensity Effect On Nitrogen Dynamics In Brachiaria Pastures In The South Of Bahia, Brazil, R. B. Cantarutti, R. Tarré, R. Macedo, C. De P. Rezende, J. M. Pereira, E. Ferreira, B. J. R. Alves, S. Urquiaga, R. M. Boddey

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study performed in the Atlantic forest region of the South of Bahia (Brazil) was to examine the influence of the presence of the forage legume Desmodium ovalifolium in pastures of Brachiaria humidicola on the nitrogen recycled through plant litter over stocking rates of 2, 3 and 4 head ha^-1. The results demonstrated that the presence of the D. ovalifolium in the pasture significantly increased the protein content of the associated Brachiaria grass, and the rate and quantity of N recycled through the litter pathway. While had no significant increase in animal weight gain due …

Grassland Production And Management – Trends And Perspectives For The 21St Century, John Hodgson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The XIX International Congress is set in a time of unprecedented change, with increasing uncertainty about the long-term sustainability of established systems of land use. The major threats are the continuing rapid increase in the human population of the world, the pressure on land resources to meet food requirements, the effects of global warming on climate stability, and the consequence of these factors on land resource stability and food production potential. Overlying these threats is the impact of the global economy on land use policies.

Projections made at the XVIII International Grassland Congress in 1997 suggested that food production could …

Emotion Processing Deficit In Euthymic Bipolar Disorder: A Potential Endophenotype, Preethi V. Reddy, Saravanakumar Anandan, Gopalkumar Rakesh, Venkatarama Shivakumar, Boban Joseph, Sunil Kalmady Vasu, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Kesavan Muralidharan, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

Background: Emotion processing deficits have been described in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and are considered one of the core cognitive abnormalities in BD with endophenotype potential. However, the literature on specific impairments in emotion processing cognitive strategies (directive/cortical/higher versus intuitive/limbic/lower) in euthymic adult BD patients and healthy first-degree relatives/high-risk (HR) subjects in comparison with healthy controls (HCs) is sparse.

Methods: We examined facial emotion recognition deficits (FERD) in BD (N = 30), HR (N = 21), and HC (N = 30) matched for age (years), years of education, and sex using computer-administered face emotions–Matching And Labeling …

Matching Up The Complexity Of Grassland Of Inner Mongolia — On The Methodology Issues, Yisheng Zheng

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Innate Immune Activation By Checkpoint Inhibition In Human Patient-Derived Lung Cancer Tissues, Teresa W. M. Fan, Richard M. Higashi, Huan Song, Saeed Daneshmandi, Angela L. Mahan, Matthew S. Purdom, Therese J. Bocklage, Thomas A. Pittman, Daheng He, Chi Wang, Andrew N. Lane

Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Although Pembrolizumab-based immunotherapy has significantly improved lung cancer patient survival, many patients show variable efficacy and resistance development. A better understanding of the drug’s action is needed to improve patient outcomes. Functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to modulating drug resistance; understanding of individual patients’ TME that impacts drug response is hampered by lack of appropriate models. Lung organotypic tissue slice cultures (OTC) with patients’ native TME procured from primary and brain-metastasized (BM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were treated with Pembrolizumab and/or beta-glucan (WGP, an innate immune activator). Metabolic tracing with ¹³C₆-Glc/ …

Is The Life History Flexibility Of Cold Desert Annuals Broad Enough To Cope With Predicted Climate Change? The Case Of Erodium Oxyrhinchum In Central Asia, Huiliang Liu, Yanfeng Chen, Lingwei Zhang, Jerry M. Baskin, Carol C. Baskin, Lan Zhang, Yan Liu, Daoyuan Zhang, Yuanming Zhang

Biology Faculty Publications

Interannual seasonal variability in precipitation may strongly affect the life history and growth of desert annual plants. We compared the effects of dry and wet springs and dry and wet autumns on growth and F2 seed dormancy of plants from spring (SG)- and autumn (AG)-germinated seeds of the cold desert annual Erodium oxyrhinchum. Vegetative and reproductive growth and F2 seed dormancy and germination were monitored from September 2016 to November 2020 in the sandy Gurbantunggut Desert in NW China in Central Asia. Dry autumns decreased the density of AG plants, and dry springs decreased the density of SG plants …

Data Management System For A Semiautonomous Shuttle Car For Underground Room And Pillar Coal Mines, Vasilis Androulakis, Steven Schafrik, Joseph Sottile, Zacharias Agioutantis

Mining Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent years, autonomous solutions in the multidisciplinary field of mining engineering have been an extremely popular applied research topic. This is a result of the increasing demands of society on mineral resources along with the accelerating exploitation of the currently economically viable resources, which lead the mining sector to turn to deeper, more-difficult-to-mine orebodies. An appropriate data management system comprises a crucial aspect of the designing and the engineering of a system that involves autonomous or semiautonomous vehicles. The vast volume of data collected from onboard sensors, as well as from a potential IoT network dispersed around a smart …

Salvaging Detection Of Early-Stage Ovarian Malignancies When Ca125 Is Not Informative, Charles J. Dunton, Megan L. Hutchcraft, Rowan G. Bullock, Lesley E. Northrop, Frederick R. Ueland

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer, with no recommended screening test to assist with early detection. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a serum biomarker commonly used by clinicians to assess preoperative cancer risk, but it underperforms in premenopausal women, early-stage malignancies, and several histologic subtypes. OVA1 is a multivariate index assay that combines CA125 and four other serum proteins to assess the malignant risk of an adnexal mass. Objective: To evaluate the performance of OVA1 in a cohort of patients with low-risk serum CA125 values. Study Design: We analyzed patient data from previous collections (N = 2305, prevalence …

Development And Psychometric Properties Of Surveys To Assess Patient And Family Caregiver Experience With Care Transitions, Joann Sorra, Katarzyna Zebrak, Deborah Carpenter, Theresa Famolaro, John Rauch, Jing Li, Terry Davis, Huong Q. Nguyen, Megan Mcintosh, Suzanne Mitchell, Karen B. Hirschman, Carol Levine, Jessica Miller Clouser, Jane Brock, Mark V. Williams

Center for Health Services Research Faculty Publications

Background

The purpose of this study was to develop and administer surveys that assess patient and family caregiver experiences with care transitions and examine the psychometric properties of the surveys. The surveys were designed to ask about 1) the transitional care services that matter most to patients and their caregivers and 2) care outcomes, including the overall quality of transitional care they received, patient self-reported health, and caregiver effort/stress.

Methods

Survey items were developed based on a review of the literature, existing surveys, focus groups, site visits, stakeholder and expert input, and patient and caregiver cognitive interviews. We administered mail …

Intended And Unintended Effects Of E-Cigarette Taxes On Youth Tobacco Use, Rahi Abouk, Charles J. Courtemanche, Dhaval Dave, Bo Feng, Abigail S. Friedman, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Michael F. Pesko, Joseph J. Sabia, Samuel Safford

Institute for the Study of Free Enterprise Working Papers

Over the past decade, rising youth use of e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has prompted aggressive regulation by state and local governments. Between 2010 and 2019, ten states and two large counties adopted ENDS taxes. Applying a continuous treatment difference-in-differences approach to data from two large national datasets (Monitoring the Future and the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System), this study explores the impact of ENDS taxes on youth tobacco use. We find that ENDS taxes reduce youth e-cigarette consumption, with estimated e-cigarette tax elasticities of -0.06 to -0.21. However, we estimate sizable positive cigarette cross-tax elasticities, suggesting …

Modification Of Cell Wall Polysaccharide Guides Cell Division In Streptococcus Mutans., Svetlana Zamakhaeva, Catherine T Chaton, Jeffrey S. Rush, Sowmya Ajay Castro, Cameron W Kenner, Alexander E Yarawsky, Andrew B Herr, Nina M Van Sorge, Helge C Dorfmueller, Gregory I Frolenkov, Konstantin V Korotkov, Natalia Korotkova

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

In ovoid-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria, MapZ guides FtsZ-ring positioning at cell equators. The cell wall of the ovococcus Streptococcus mutans contains peptidoglycan decorated with serotype c carbohydrates (SCCs). In the present study, we identify the major cell separation autolysin AtlA as an SCC-binding protein. AtlA binding to SCC is attenuated by the glycerol phosphate (GroP) modification. Using fluorescently labeled AtlA constructs, we mapped SCC distribution on the streptococcal surface, revealing enrichment of GroP-deficient immature SCCs at the cell poles and equators. The immature SCCs co-localize with MapZ at the equatorial rings throughout the cell cycle. In GroP-deficient mutants, AtlA is mislocalized, …

Innovative Computational Methods For Pharmaceutical Problem Solving A Review Part I: The Drug Development Process, Heather R. Campbell, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Computational methods have provided pharmaceutical scientists and engineers a means to go beyond what's possible with experimental testing alone. Providing a means to study active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), excipients, and drug interactions at or near-atomic levels. This paper provides a review of this and other innovative computational methods used for solving pharmaceutical problems throughout the drug development process. Part one of two this paper will emphasize the role of computational methods and game theory in solving pharmaceutical challenges.

Evaluating The Safety Cultures Of Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Maintenance Crews, Ashtarout Ammar, Zamaan Al-Shabbani, Hala Nassereddine, Chris Van Dyke, Gabriel B. Dadi

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Highway work zones can be dangerous and unpredictable. Between 2003 and 2017, over 1,800 workers died on road construction sites. Eliminating injuries and deaths requires state transportation agencies to adopt robust safety cultures as there is a clear relationship between these cultures and worker behaviors. The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) is committed to improving safety performance by nurturing a positive safety climate among highway maintenance crews. To understand the safety cultures of KYTC maintenance crews, researchers administered a survey based on the Safety Climate Assessment Tool (S-CAT) developed by the Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR). This is the …

Persistent Miscalibration For Low And High Achievers Despite Practice Test Feedback In An Introductory Biology Course, Jennifer L. Osterhage

Biology Faculty Publications

Students' ability to accurately judge their knowledge is crucial for effective learning. However, students' perception of their current knowledge is often misaligned with their actual performance. The relationship between learners' perception of their performance and their actual performance on a task is defined as calibration. Previous studies have shown significant student miscalibration in an introductory biology course: students' predicted exam scores were, on average, significantly higher than their actual scores. The goal of this study was to determine whether completion of a practice test before exams would result in better performance and calibration. The hypothesis was that students who completed …

Fully Coupled Internal Radiative Heat Transfer For The 3d Material Response Of Heat Shield, Raghava S. C. Davuluri, Rui Fu, Kaveh A. Tagavi, Alexandre Martin

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

The radiative transfer equation (RTE) is strongly coupled to the material response code KATS. A P-1 approximation model of RTE is used to account for radiation heat transfer within the material. First, the verification of the RTE model is performed by comparing the numerical and analytical solutions. Next, the coupling scheme is validated by comparing the temperature profiles of pure conduction and conduction coupled with radiative emission. The validation study is conducted on Marschall et al. cases (radiant heating, arc-jet heating, and space shuttle entry), 3D Block, 2D IsoQ sample, and Stardust Return Capsule. The validation results agree well for …

Differential Item Functioning Among English Language Learners On A Large-Scale Mathematics Assessment, Ruixue Liu, Kelly D. Bradley

Educational Policy Studies and Evaluation Faculty Publications

The current study research showed the nature and potential sources of the gaps in mathematics achievement between English language learners (ELLs) and non-English language learners (non-ELLs). The nature of achievement gap was examined using three DIF methodologies: including Mantel-Haenszel procedure, Rasch model, and Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model (HGLM). These were conducted at the item level in contrast to total test level. Results revealed that the three DIF approaches identified 10 common items. These 10 items demonstrated in favor of non-ELLs. Findings from this study will help educational researchers, administrators, and policymakers understand the nature of the achievement gap in mathematics …

Addressing Diabetes Distress In Self-Management Programs: Results Of A Randomized Feasibility Study, Ranjita Misra, Samantha Shawley-Brzoska, Raihan Khan, Brenna O. Kirk, Sijin Wen, Usha Sambamoorthi

Journal of Appalachian Health

Background: West Virginia ranks 1st nationally in the prevalence of hypertension (HTN; 43.8%) and diabetes (16.2%). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are distressed over physical and psychological burden of disease self-management.

Methods: This study investigated the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce diabetes distress and outcomes [glycemic control, blood pressure (BP)] among T2DM adults with comorbid HTN. Participants were randomized to a 12-week diabetes and hypertension self-management program versus a 3-month wait-listed control group. Trained health coaches and experts implemented the lifestyle program in a faith-based setting using an adapted evidence-based curriculum. Twenty adults with T2DM and HTN …

Diabetes Knowledge, Behaviors, And Perceptions Of Risk In Rural West Virginia Counties, Ranjita Misra, Sara Farjo, Renee Mcginnis, Megan Adelman Elavsky, Summer Kuhn, Catherine Morton-Mcswain

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: A little less than half of American adults have diabetes or pre-diabetes. In 2016, West Virginia (WV) had the highest percentage (15.2%) of adults with diagnosed diabetes in the U.S.

Purpose: In partnership with the Health Sciences and Technology Academy (HSTA), a cross-sectional study was preformed to assess knowledge, behaviors, and perceptions of diabetes risk.

Methods: Data was collected by trained HSTA students and teachers who lived in rural counties in WV. Information was assessed using validated surveys, and HbA1c was obtained by utilizing professional point-of-care (Bayer) kits.

Results: Mean age and Body Mass Index (BMI) was 36.11±17.86 years …

Establishing Peer Recovery Support Services To Address The Central Appalachian Opioid Epidemic: The West Virginia Peers Enhancing Education, Recovery, And Survival (Wv Peers) Pilot Program, Stephen M. Davis, Amanda Stover, Herb Linn, Jon Dower, Dan Mccawley, Erin Winstanley, Judith Feinberg

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Central Appalachia has been disproportionately affected by the opioid epidemic and overdose fatalities. We developed West Virginia Peers Enhancing Education, Recovery, and Survival (WV PEERS), a program based on peer recovery support, to engage individuals using opioids and link them with a range of services.

Methods: Community partners providing services to individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) were identified and collaborations were formalized using a standardized memorandum of understanding. The program was structured to offer ongoing peer recovery support specialist (PRSS) services, not just a one-time referral. A website and cards describing the WV PEERS program were developed and …

Rural Re-Entry And Opioid Use: Identifying Health-Related Predictors Of Relapse Among Formerly Incarcerated Women In Appalachia, Joseph M. Calvert, Megan F. Dickson, Martha Tillson, Erika Pike, Michele Staton

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Despite improved knowledge of the health care needs of formerly incarcerated women, there exists a gap regarding the relationship between health, health care access, and relapse among rural women returning to the community during the opioid epidemic.

Purpose: With an emphasis on health care access, this study examined health-related factors associated with opioid relapse among women reentering the community in rural Appalachia.

Methods: As part of a larger study, 400 rural women reporting a history of substance use were recruited from three Appalachian jails in Kentucky. Analyses focused on participants reporting a history of illicit opioid use prior to …

Real-World Applications For Analytics Teaching And Learning, Anita Lee-Post

Marketing & Supply Chain Textbook Gallery

This document provides learning-by-doing materials for Analytics software skill development using SAS JMP. It integrates Analytics concepts and techniques with real-world scenarios based on the COVID-19 pandemic to illustrate how real-world data can be transformed into actionable insights to offer decision support for COVID-19 related issues. A holistic treatment of the Analytics process from data acquisition and cleansing to data analysis and interpretation is emphasized using five studies:

1. Characterize COVID-19 mortality demographic risk factors,
2. Visualize COVID-19 mortality demographics,
3. Conduct COVID-19 mortality time series forecasting,
4. Predict COVID-19 mortality, and
5. Analyze COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, uptake, and experiences.

Each study is structured with …

Math Predictors Of Numeric Health And Non-Health Decision-Making Problems, Clarissa A. Thompson, Jennifer M. Taber, Charles J. Fitzsimmons, Pooja G. Sidney

Psychology Faculty Publications

People frequently encounter numeric information in medical and health contexts. In this paper, we investigated the math factors that are associated with decision-making accuracy in health and non-health contexts. This is an important endeavor given that there is relatively little cross-talk between math cognition researchers and those studying health decision making. Ninety adults (M = 37 years; 86% White; 51% male) answered hypothetical health decision-making problems, and 93 adults (M = 36 years; 75% White; 42% males) answered a non-health decision-making problem. All participants were recruited from an online panel. Each participant completed a battery of tasks involving objective math …

Effect Of Biochanin A On The Rumen Microbial Community Of Holstein Steers Consuming A High Fiber Diet And Subjected To A Subacute Acidosis Challenge, Brittany E. Harlow, Michael D. Flythe, James L. Klotz, David L. Harmon, Glen E. Aiken

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) occurs when highly fermentable carbohydrates are introduced into the diet, decreasing pH and disturbing the microbial ecology of the rumen. Rumen amylolytic bacteria rapidly catabolize starch, fermentation acids accumulate in the rumen and reduce environmental pH. Historically, antibiotics (e.g., monensin, MON) have been used in the prevention and treatment of SARA. Biochanin A (BCA), an isoflavone produced by red clover (Trifolium pratense), mitigates changes associated with starch fermentation ex vivo. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of BCA on amylolytic bacteria and rumen pH during …

The Anti-Dipsogenic And Anti-Natriorexigenic Effects Of Estradiol, But Not The Anti-Pressor Effect, Are Lost In Aged Female Rats, Jessica Santollo, Jason A. Collett, Andrea A. Edwards

Biology Faculty Publications

Estradiol (E2) inhibits fluid intake in several species, which may help to defend fluid homeostasis by preventing excessive extracellular fluid volume. Although this phenomenon is well established using the rat model, it has only been studied directly in young adults. Because aging influences the neuronal sensitivity to E2 and the fluid intake effects of E2 are mediated in the brain, we tested the hypothesis that aging influences the fluid intake effects of E2 in female rats. To do so, we examined water and NaCl intake in addition to the pressor effect after central angiotensin II treatment in young (3-4 months), …

Analysis Of Pretreatment Factors Associated With Stability In Early Class Iii Treatment, Yasuko Inoue, Toru Deguchi, James K. Hartsfield Jr., Wakako Tome, Noriyuki Kitai

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify pretreatment factors associated with the stability of early class III treatment, since most orthodontists start the treatment with their uncertain hypotheses and/or predictions. Subjects consisted of 75 patients with a class III skeletal relationship (ANB < 2° and overjet < 0 mm) who had been consecutively treated with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask and followed until their second phase treatment. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they showed relapse in follow-up. The stable group maintained their positive overjet (n = 55), and the unstable group experienced relapse with a zero or negative overjet (n = 20). Two general, three dental, and 13 cephalometric pretreatment factors were investigated to determine which factors were associated with stability.

RESULTS: Sex, pretreatment age, and anteroposterior functional shift, which were hypothesized as associated factors, were not related to …

Longitudinal Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) Acceptability, Initiation And Adherence Among Criminal Justice-Involved Adults In The Usa: The Southern Prep Cohort Study (Specs) Protocol, Katherine Lemasters, Carrie B. Oser, Mariah Cowell, Katie Mollan, Kathryn Nowotny, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein

Sociology Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: HIV prevalence among criminal justice (CJ)-involved adults is five times higher than the general population. Following incarceration, CJ-involved individuals experience multilevel barriers to HIV prevention. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a widely available, daily medication efficacious in preventing HIV. Little is known about PrEP knowledge, acceptability, initiation and sustained use among CJ-involved persons or about how these outcomes vary by multilevel factors. The Southern Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Study (SPECS) will investigate barriers and facilitators for PrEP initiation and sustained use among CJ-involved adults, building a foundation for PrEP interventions for this underserved population.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: SPECS uses a mixed-methods sequential …