Digital Commons Network^™

An Exploration Of Athlete Thoughts And Perceptions Of Cohesion In Coacting Sports, Jared Scott Hrabcak

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Cohesion is a central element in group dynamics that contributes to a team’s functioning and performance. Most of the cohesion research to date has focused on the dynamic within interacting sport teams (i.e., football, basketball, soccer) but has looked past coacting teams (i.e., golf, tennis, cross-country running). While interacting sports command worldwide popularity, a significant portion of student athletes compete in coacting sports and represent the bulk of NCAA affiliated participants on the world stage at the Olympics. Thus, with such status on the world stage of competition, the investigation of coacting sports is justified. Therefore, the purpose of this …

The Effect Of Physical Activity Courses On The Motivation For Physical Activity In College Students: A Scoping Review, Erica Fauste Waizenhofer Hill

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

The lack of physical activity and exercise participation has been an ongoing
problem for young adults aged 18-24. Universities and colleges worldwide offer a variety of required and elective physical activity courses for college credit to increase active participation in lifelong healthy lifestyles. This scoping review collected studies on college students’ motivation to participate in physical activity. The courses were taught using methods based on motivational theories. The authors of the studies collected information from the students before and after the classes to gather data on the theoretical framework’s effect on the students, if any. This review compiles this information, …

Reliability And Validity Of A Commercial Running Power Meter To Indicate Metabolic Workload During Endurance Running, James Harris Hudgins Iii

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Commercial running power (RP) meters may provide endurance runners and coaches with improved precision for monitoring running intensity. Cyclists rely upon the relationship between cycling power and metabolic demand to regulate physiological intensity during training and racing, independent of changes in the physical environment (e.g., terrain, wind). Research demonstrates strong reliability and validity for a specific RP meter to indicate metabolic demand within controlled running conditions. However, several potential influences on this relationship have not been investigated. Therefore, four studies were conducted with the following aims:

- Study 1: Determine the inter-limb reliability and validity of a single-limb-based RP meter …

Methodolocical Concerns Of Using Global Positioning System Technology To Assess American Football Competition Demands, Tyler Lindon

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Despite its popularity, there is a lack of research describing the physical demands of American Football. This is surprising when considering the popularity of the use of global positioning systems (GPS) within this specific sporting environment. The aim of the present study was to utilize a novel methodology to describe the physical demands of American football players by play type (run vs. pass) using a play-by-play analysis of global positioning system (GPS) outcomes. Fifty Division I collegiate American football players (Age: 19.8 ± 1.1 yr, Height: 189.3 ± 4.4 cm, Body mass: 86.1 ± 5.8 kg) wore portable GPS monitors …

Phase I Activities Of The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth Mri) In The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District, Georgina Lukoczki, Craig Dietsch, John B. Hickman, Emily Morris, Douglas C. Curl, Carrie Pulliam, Stephanie Vicroy, William M. Andrews Jr.

Report of Investigations--KGS

The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District (WKFD), which comprises the Kentucky portion of the Illinois–Kentucky Fluorspar District, is well known for the occurrence of strategically important critical mineral resources, such as fluorite (fluorspar) and rare earth elements (REEs). Due to technological advances, demand has increased for critical minerals used in cell phones, magnets in wind turbines, batteries for electric vehicles, smart weapons, and other devices and systems. The overall objective of the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI) program, directed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), is to gather information that will help better understand the distribution of critical minerals in …

Spf-R Online User Guide, Eric Green, Paul Ross, Christopher Blackden, William Staats, Reginald Souleyrette

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

SPF-R Online greatly improves and simplifies the SPF development process. Building on the original SPF-R script, the online tool eliminates many of the technical barriers associated with the original process, allowing for a much larger audience to take advantage of SPF-R’s capabilities. Like the original SPF-R script, SPF-R Online lets users quickly explore the effect of roadway network heterogeneity on SPF development, compare CURE plots , and compare goodness-of-fit measures to decide which SPF is most appropriate for a given dataset.

Estimating The Distribution Of Ratio Of Paired Event Times In Phase Ii Oncology Trials, Li Chen, Mark Burkard, Jianrong Wu, Jill M. Kolesar, Chi Wang

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

With the rapid development of new anti-cancer agents which are cytostatic, new endpoints are needed to better measure treatment efficacy in phase II trials. For this purpose, Von Hoff (1998) proposed the growth modulation index (GMI), that is, the ratio between times to progression or progression-free survival times in two successive treatment lines. An essential task in studies using GMI as an endpoint is to estimate the distribution of GMI. Traditional methods for survival data have been used for estimating the GMI distribution because censoring is common for GMI data. However, we point out that the independent censoring assumption required …

Examining Four Blood Biomarkers For The Detection Of Acute Intracranial Abnormalities Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Older Adults, Grant L. Iverson, Mira Minkkinen, Justin E. Karr, Ksenia Berghem, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Jussi P. Posti, Teemu M. Luoto

Psychology Faculty Publications

Blood-based biomarkers have been increasingly studied for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Biomarker levels in blood have been shown to vary throughout age groups. Our aim was to study four blood biomarkers, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), neurofilament light (NF-L), and total tau (t-tau), in older adult patients with MTBI. The study sample was collected in the emergency department in Tampere University Hospital, Finland, between November 2015 and November 2016. All consecutive adult patients with head injury were eligible for inclusion. Serum samples were collected from the enrolled patients, …

The Influence Of Fertiliser Application To Strip-Sown Grasslands On Herbage Production And Quality, A. Kohoutek, P. Komárek, V. Odstrčilová, P. Nerušil

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

To increase the productivity of dairy cattle in the Czech Republic requires an improvement in herbage quality and an increase in the net energy of herbage. The decrease in cattle numbers by 50 % and the expansion of the grassland area both result in a surplus of feedstuffs of low quality. Introduction of strip-seeding of legumes and grasses into grasslands in interaction with fertilisation provides a possible solution to this problem.

Scale Modeling Of An Appearance Of Downwash Pattern Of Hot Smoke Ejected From Chimney In The Turbulent Cross Flow, Xangpheuak Inthavideth, Nobumasa Sekishita, Sounthisack Phommachanh, Yuji Nakamura

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

This study aims to elucidate the scaling law to provide the critical condition on appearance of the downwash pattern of the hot smoke ejected from a chimney in a turbulent cross flow. A specially designed wind tunnel with an active turbulence generator developed by Makita was adopted to offer a quasi-isotropic turbulence field in a lab-scale test facility. A heated jet with smoke is issued into the cross flow from the vertically oriented chimney placed in the test section of the wind tunnel. In this study, the experimental parameters considered are temperature of the heated jet (smoke), jet ejected velocity, …

N-Mineralisation And Phosphorous: Important Elements In Decision Support For Grassland Systems, A. L. Nielsen, C. C. Hoffmann

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Leaching of N and P from extensively managed grasslands on organic soils varies considerably. In environmentally sensitive areas it is important to diminish leaching by appropriate agricultural management. In Denmark low grazing intensity and management without fertilisation have been given a high priority. The type of soil has not been equally in focus, and it seems that the effect of cutting, compared with grazing, results in a higher removal of nutrients (e.g. Benke et al., 1992) can be used more strategically. The objective of this case study was to combine data from management strategies with data from leaching studies …

Paying For Our Keep: Grasslands Decision Support In More-Developed Countries, Andrew D. Moore

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

“Models in grassland science have come to stay, and so they must be made to pay for their keep. To do that, it will be necessary to improve their scientific sophistication and their management relevance...” (Seligman, 1993).

Decision support (DS) tools in grassland agriculture have also come to stay. This review will examine the ways and means by which DS tools are being made to pay for their keep, with a focus upon DS efforts from the last decade and on the lessons that arise for those who develop DS tools for grasslands. A survey of the present state of …

Examining The Effects Of Formal Education Level On The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Renee S. White, Justin M. Barber, Jordan P. Harp, Gregory A. Jicha

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Background: Brief, global assessments such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) are widely used in primary care for assessing cognition in older adults. Like other neuropsychological instruments, lower formal education can influence MoCA interpretation.

Methods: Data from 2 large studies of cognitive aging were used—Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC). Both use comprehensive examinations to determine cognitive status and have brain amyloid status for many participants. Mixed models were used to account for random variation due to data source.

Results: Cognitively intact participants with lower education (≤12 years) were more likely than …

Multiple Gene Variants Linked To Alzheimer's-Type Clinical Dementia Via Gwas Are Also Associated With Non-Alzheimer's Neuropathologic Entities, Yuriko Katsumata, Lincoln M. P. Shade, Timothy J. Hohman, Julie A. Schneider, David A. Bennett, Jose M. Farfel, Walter A. Kukull, David W. Fardo, Peter T. Nelson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

The classic pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (AD neuropathologic changes, or ADNC). However, brains from individuals clinically diagnosed with “AD-type” (amnestic) dementia usually harbor heterogeneous neuropathologies in addition to, or other than, ADNC. We hypothesized that some AD-type dementia associated genetic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) identified from large genomewide association studies (GWAS) were associated with non-ADNC neuropathologies. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed data from multiple studies with available genotype and neuropathologic phenotype information. Clinical AD/dementia risk alleles of interest were derived from the very large GWAS by Bellenguez et al. (2022) who …

Assessing The Global Drivers Of Sustained Economic Development: The Role Of Trade Openness, Financial Development, And Fdi, Riza Radmehr, Ernest Baba Ali, Samira Shayanmehr, Sayed Saghaian, Elham Darbandi, Ebenezer Agbozo, Samuel Asumadu Sarkodie

Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

Achieving economic development is one of the most important economic goals of every country. Identifying the determinants of economic growth, is a useful tool for adopting appropriate economic policies. This study, therefore, empirically examines the impact of trade openness, foreign direct investment, and financial development on economic growth, across 62 countries over the period 1995–2016. These countries are divided into two groups: low-income and high-income countries. We employ the pooled mean group (PMG), mean group (MG), and dynamic fixed effect (DFE) estimation techniques on the cross-country panel data. The findings show a positive long run association between trade openness, foreign …

Extraction, Analysis, And Occurrence Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In Wastewater And After Municipal Biosolids Land Application To Determine Agricultural Loading, Justin Caniglia, Daniel D. Snow, Tiffany L. Messer, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Given the ubiquitous detection of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within numerous soil and water environmental compartments, there is a need for global understanding of current methodologies for extracting water, solids, polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), and plant tissue for these substances. This study provides details of several current extraction methods, demonstrates the use of POCIS in monitoring these compounds in a wastewater environment, and provides evidence of detectable levels of certain PFAS compounds within Midwestern municipalities and agroecosystems. Validated extraction procedures help characterize occurrence and release of 18 PFAS in a midwestern wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), surface water, …

My Soil Is Alive! Introduction To Soil Life And Its Role In Profitable Grazing Systems, Ray Archuleta

Kentucky Grazing Conference

No abstract provided.

Interfacial Oxidative Oligomerization Of Catechol, Marcelo I. Guzman, Elizabeth A. Pillar-Little, Alexis J. Eugene

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The heterogeneous reaction between thin films of catechol exposed to O₃(g) creates hydroxyl radicals (HO^•) in situ, which in turn generate semiquinone radical intermediates in the path to form heavier polyhydroxylated biphenyl, terphenyl, and triphenylene products. Herein, the alteration of catechol aromatic surfaces and their chemical composition are studied during the heterogeneous oxidation of catechol films by O₃(g) molar ratios ≥ 230 ppbv at variable relative humidity levels (0% ≤ RH ≤ 90%). Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and reverse-phase liquid chromatography with UV−visible and mass spectrometry detection …

A Pilot Study On The Impact Of The Bumptup® Mobile App On Physical Activity During And After Pregnancy, Rachel A. Tinius, Maire M. Blankenship, Allison M. Colao, Gregory S. Hawk, Madhawa Perera, Nancy E. Schoenberg

Statistics Faculty Publications

To combat maternal morbidity and mortality, interventions designed to increase physical activity levels during and after pregnancy are needed. Mobile phone-based interventions show considerable promise, and BumptUp® has been carefully developed to address the lack of exercise among pregnant and postpartum women. The primary goal of this pilot study was to test the potential efficacy of BumptUp® for improving physical activity among pregnant and postpartum women. A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed (N = 35) with women either receiving access to the mhealth app or an educational brochure. Physical activity and self-efficacy for exercise data were collected at baseline …

Southeastern Law Librarian Fall 2022, Seaall

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

A Cross-Sectional Examination Of The Early-Onset Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy And Industrial Emissions Of Toxic Metals Using Kentucky Birth Records, 2008–2017, Courtney J. Walker, W. Jay Christian, Anna M. Kucharska-Newton, Steven R. Browning

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

This cross-sectional study assessed geospatial patterns of early-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (eHDP) in primiparous mothers and exposure to industrial emissions using geocoded residential information from Kentucky live (N = 210,804) and still (N = 1,247) birth records (2008–2017) and census block group estimates of aerosol concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zi) from the Risk Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI) model. A latent class analysis allowed for the identification of four district exposure classes—As, Cd, and Pb (12.6%); Se and Zi (21.4%); Pb and Cr (8%); and low or no …

Forage News [2022-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Causative Agent, Pathophysiology And Management Of The Kentucky Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome And Related Syndromes, Thomas Tobin, Gabriel Volpato, Navid Yousefi-Mashouf, Kimberly Brewer

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Presentations

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of Illegal Weigh Station Bypassing, Mallory Brown, Andrew Martin, David Leddy, Jennifer Walton

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This study recommends best practices to curb illegal weigh station bypassing by commercial motor vehicles (CMVs). Analysis of historical data collected by Kentucky State Police – Commercial Vehicle Enforcement (KSP-CVE) for 2017-2021 revealed that CMV drivers were charged with illegally bypassing weigh stations 2,616 times. Drivers were charged with an average of two other violations when cited for illegal bypassing — most often violations related to credentialing, vehicle safety, or driver safety. Site visits to three permanent weigh stations in Kentucky revealed that CMVs regularly bypass weigh stations illegally, including those authorized to use preclearance systems (Drivewyze and PrePass). A …

Biomonitoring Of Polybrominated Dioxins & Furans, Polychlorinated Dioxins & Furans, And Dioxin Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls In Vietnamese Female Electronic Waste Recyclers, Jenevieve S. Peecher, Arnold J. Schecter, Helen Lu, Hoang Trong Quynh, Arnold Stromberg, Jiaying Weng, Riley Crandall, Linda S. Birnbaum

Statistics Faculty Publications

Objective: E-waste is rising globally. This is a follow up to our study reporting metals/polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE’s)/polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in female e-waste recyclers. Here we report polybrominated, polychlorinated dioxins/furans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in these same workers. Methods: Female Vietnamese recyclers and non-recyclers recruited; blood samples collected. Polybrominated, polychlorinated dioxins/ furans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls levels compared in recyclers, non-recyclers, and National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Results: Recyclers >non-recyclers: 12378-PBDD, 2378-TBDF, 12378-PCDF, 123478-HxCDF, 123678-HxCDF, 1234678-HpCDF, PCB-126. Non-recyclers >NHANES: 123478-HxCDF, 123678-HxCDF, 234678- HxCDF, PCB-126, PCB-169. NHANES >non-recyclers: 12378-PCDD, 123478-HxCDD, 123678-HxCDD, 123789-HxCDD, 1234678-HpCDD, 123789-HxCDF, 1234678-HpCDF, 1234789-HpCDF, OCDF, PCB-81, PCB-114, …

Cell-Intrinsic Melanin Fails To Protect Melanocytes From Ultraviolet-Mutagenesis In The Absence Of Epidermal Melanin, Tirzah J. Weiss, Emma R. Crawford, Valentina Posada, Hafeez Rahman, Tong Liu, Brandon M. Murphy, Tiffany E. Arnold, Shannon Gray, Zhexuan Hu, Rebecca C. Hennessey, Lianbo Yu, John August D'Orazio, Craig J. Burd, Jonathan H. Zippin, Douglas Grossman, Christin E. Burd

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Melanin is a free-radical scavenger, antioxidant, and broadband absorber of ultraviolet (UV) radiation which protects the skin from environmental carcinogenesis. However, melanin synthesis and UV-induced reactive melanin species are also implicated in melanocyte genotoxicity. Here, we attempted to reconcile these disparate functions of melanin using a UVB- sensitive, NRAS-mutant mouse model, TpN. We crossed TpN mice heterozygous for an inactivating mutation in Tyrosinase to produce albino and black littermates on a C57BL/6J background. These animals were then exposed to a single UVB dose on postnatal day three when keratinocytes in the skin have yet to be melanized. Approximately one-third (35%) …

Low-Cost Compact Optical Spectroscopy And Novel Spectroscopic Algorithm For Point-Of-Care Real-Time Monitoring Of Nanoparticle Delivery In Biological Tissue Models, Zahid Hasan, Jing Yan, Zhongchao Yi, Madison O. Korfhage, Sheng Tong, Caigang Zhu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Objective: Real-time monitoring of nanoparticle delivery in biological models is essential to optimize nanoparticle- mediated therapies. However, few techniques are available for convenient real-time monitoring of nanoparticle concentrations in tissue samples. This work reported novel optical spectroscopic approaches for low-cost point-of-care real-time quantification of nanoparticle concentrations in biological tissue samples.

Methods: Fiber probe measured diffuse reflectance can be described with a simple analytical model by introducing an explicit dependence on the reduced scattering coefficient. Relying on this, the changes on the inverse of diffuse reflectance are proportional to absorption change when the scattering perturbation is negligible. We developed this model …

Maternal Proximity To Mountain-Top Removal Mining And Birth Defects In Appalachian Kentucky, 1997–2003, Daniel B. Cooper, Courtney J. Walker, W. Jay Christian

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Extraction of coal through mountaintop removal mining (MTR) alters many dimensions of the landscape. Explosive blasts, exposed rock, and coal washing have the potential to pollute air and water. Previous research suggests that infants born to mothers living in areas with MTR have a higher prevalence of birth defects. In this cross-sectional study, we further examine the relationship between MTR activity and several types of birth defects. Maternal exposure to MTR was assessed using remote sensing data from Skytruth, which captures MTR activity in the Central Appalachian region of the United States. Active MTR area was quantified within a five-kilometer …

Krs And Kar Review Of Models As A Legal Contract Document, Bryan Gibson, Pam Clay-Young, Rachel Catchings, Chris Van Dyke

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

State departments of transportation (DOTs) are expanding the use of electronic engineering data (EED) throughout highway projects — from design and construction through asset management. Included under the umbrella of EED are technologies such as building information modelling (BIM), digital terrain models (DTMs), and 3D models and plan sets. The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet’s (KYTC) Digital Project Delivery (DPD) Initiative is spearheading the transition to EED in the state. While digital delivery promises to streamline project development and management it does not come without hurdles. This report discusses methods for agency wide implementation of EED and highlights best practices for managing, …

Sars-Cov-2 (Covid-19) Vaccine Intentions In Kentucky, Kevin A. Pearce Md, Mph, Emily Messerli Dnp, Aprn, Mary E. Lacy, Brittany L. Smalls, Diane B. Francis, Sukruthi Yerramreddy, Marc Kiviniemi

Journal of Appalachian Health

Background: At the time of our writing, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause significant disruption to daily lives. In Kentucky, the burdens from this disease are higher, and vaccination rates for COVID-19 are lower, in comparison to the U.S. as a whole. Understanding vaccine intentions across key subpopulations is critical to increasing vaccination rates.

Purpose: This study explores COVID-19 vaccine intentions in Kentucky across demographic subpopulations and also investigates the influences on vaccine intention of attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19.

Methods: A population-based survey of 1,459 Kentucky adults was conducted between January 26 and March 20, 2021, with over-sampling of …