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Distractors As A Tool To Increase “Self-Control” In Pigeons (Columba Livia), Peyton Mueller

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

In the successive delay-discounting task, all trials start with a stimulus to which a response results in a small amount of reinforcement (smaller-sooner). If no response is made, the stimulus changes and a response results in a larger reinforcer (larger-later). The purpose of this study was to examine the use of a non-reinforced distractor (a stimulus to which responding has no programmed consequence) as a method of increasing the proportion of larger-later (LL) choices in a successive delay-discounting task. Earlier research studying the use of distractors may have inadvertently associated the distractor with reinforcement. Four experiments were conducted and each …

Pharmacokinetics And Reward-Related Behaviors Of Ethanol In Male And Female Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica), Shannon Eaton

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

Ethanol is one of the most widely used and abused drugs. Problem use is associated with many different health problems and the economic burden is in the billions of dollars. Additionally, many people have difficulty controlling their ethanol consumption and about 5% of adults end up with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Many people with an AUD often find themselves in a cycle of binge, remission, and relapse.

Following ethanol consumption ethanol enters the bloodstream from the small intestine where it gets distributed to peripheral tissues. Ethanol in the bloodstream is cleared from the system by the liver. The primary …

A Multi-Wavelength Study Of The Disk Winds And Their Role In The Agn Studies, Maryam Dehghanian

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are located at the centers of massive galaxies and are the most luminous objects in the universe. Each AGN embeds a super-massive black hole which produces outflows of gas, or winds. These winds are important because they provide a reasonable physical basis for the connections between the black hole and the properties of their host galaxy. While AGNs have been extensively studied, several fundamental questions about them are yet to be answered. These include the structure and dynamics of the central source and their winds, and questions regarding the evolution of these galaxies.

NGC 5548 is …

The Antithesis Of ‘Business As Usual’: Youth, Class, And Volunteer Organizations In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Chelsea Cutright

Theses and Dissertations--Anthropology

Youth in Tanzania make up the majority of the current growing population and therefore are increasingly a focus of local and international development concern, specifically as the rates of urban growth and unemployment are also increasing. This research builds upon existing anthropological literature, which largely addresses contemporary and urban African youths as “problems” in dire need of governmental intervention and international solutions. Through explorations of the ways in which Tanzanian youth are actively and creatively working to improve their own futures, utilizing their own agency to create opportunities, and solving their own problems in the absence of successful external intercessions, …

"It's About More Than Just Animals": Environmental Politics Of Zoo-Adjacent Conservation(Ists) In The U.S., Dayton D. Starnes Ii

Theses and Dissertations--Anthropology

This research explores the influences of diverse environmental politics in shaping zoo-adjacent conservation activities in the United States. Based upon 13 months of multi-sited ethnographic research, conducted with conservation actors across six states, the researcher investigates and documents how conservation professionals—operating in contexts adjacent to zoological institutions—experience and respond to the socio-environmental implications associated with the cascading effects of global environmental change. In the face of current challenges and uncertain environmental futures—shaped by habitat alterations, ecological transitions, and species declines/extinctions—conservationists are undergoing their own processes of reassessment and reconfiguration of their underpinning philosophies and body of practices that inform their …

Quadriceps Recruitment And Twitch Properties In Lean And Obese Women Before And After Fatiguing Exercise, Rebekah Seay Carpenter

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Skeletal muscle strength, specifically that of the anti-gravitational muscles such as the quadriceps, is essential for performing dynamic tasks including walking, navigating stairs, and transitioning between sitting and standing. Obesity has been shown to negatively impact musculoskeletal function and decrease quadriceps strength relative to body weight. Additionally, obesity has been linked with higher rates of fatigue and lower strength outcomes following a test of muscular endurance of the quadriceps. Since obesity lowers relative strength, it is likely that quadriceps muscle weakness contributes to reduced physical function of dynamic tasks. However, to date, the precise mechanism for obesity-induced muscle weakness has …

The Public Service Motivation Of Kentucky 4-H Youth Development Agents, Kimberly Adams Leger

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

The Cooperative Extension Service is known for bringing research and education from the land grant universities to local communities across the state through its County Extension Agents. Kentucky Cooperative Extension 4-H Youth Development Agents have a rich history of educating youth in life skill development. 4-H Agents who traditionally served in these roles often continued their public service until retirement. In recent years, the Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service has documented a decline in 4-H Youth Development Agents' retention. An online survey was administered to explore Cooperative Extension 4-H Youth Development Agents' employment motivation in Kentucky. Given CES agents' role as …

Exploring Preservice Teachers’ Practices And Perspectives On Whiteness: Development And Initial Validation Of The Whiteness Components Scale, Falynn Amor Thompson

Theses and Dissertations--Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology

For decades, educational scholars have considered and investigated a number of factors (e.g., teacher beliefs and expectations, racism, and inadequate school resources) that maintain the negative schooling experiences of Black students. Recently, scholars have identified components of whiteness as factors informing the adverse educational experiences of these students. To date, however, few researchers have empirically examined attitudes, behaviors, and perspectives of whiteness in educational settings and among educational stakeholders. In addition, no study has explored an association between whiteness components and Black students’ overall educational experiences. The dearth of these studies in the educational and psychological literatures is due in …

Transforming Outcomes To Increase Participation In The Independent Living Program Sponsored By Sunrise Children’S Services, Richard R. Burslem

Theses and Dissertations--Educational Leadership Studies

Research demonstrates the transition for aging-out foster youth evidences they are not equipped with the necessary tools to live a self-sufficient adult life. Many children who age-out of the foster system have encountered trauma at multiple levels. Sunrise Children’s Services is an agency in Kentucky committed to changing negative outcomes for this population of individuals.

The optimum goal for children and youth is for them to grow up within their biological family where they receive guidance and support as they mature. For some individuals that is not an option, and the government along with agencies like Sunrise are focused on …

Strategic Trampling To Conserve Soil Moisture In A Namibian Rangeland, I. Zimmermann, J. Labuschagne, V. K. Namupala

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Lactation Performance Of Murrah‐Improved Dairy Buffalo Grazing On Improved Pasture, G. R. Yang, A. K. Wang, J. C. Zhang, M. F. Fu, B. Z. Huang, X. P. Yuan, S. P. Yang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Methane Emission Of Dairy Cows Offered Fresh Grass At Maintenance Level, Tianhai Yan, C. S. Mayne

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Response Of Arid Grassland Community Standing Crop To Banning Grazing And Deferral Grazing Management, Zhijun Wei, Ruirui Yan, Hongmei Liu, Xiangjun Yun

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Climate Change On Livestock Carrying Capacity Of Inner Mongolia, Yurong Wei, Ruiqing Guo, Xuebiao Pan, Buju Long

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Recovery Of Hippocampal-Dependent Learning Despite Blunting Reactive Adult Neurogenesis After Alcohol Dependence, Chelsea G. Nickell, K. Ryan Thompson, James R. Pauly, Kimberly Nixon

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background:

The excessive alcohol drinking that occurs in alcohol use disorder (AUD) causes neurodegeneration in regions such as the hippocampus, though recovery may occur after a period of abstinence. Mechanisms of recovery are not clear, though reactive neurogenesis has been observed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus following alcohol dependence and correlates to recovery of granule cell number.

Objective:

We investigated the role of neurons born during reactive neurogenesis in the recovery of hippocampal learning behavior after 4-day binge alcohol exposure, a model of an AUD. We hypothesized that reducing reactive neurogenesis would impair functional recovery.

Methods:

Adult male rats were …

Prediction Of Diet Quality In Mongolian Livestock With Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy Offeces, G. Tolleson, G. Udval, S. Prince, K. Banik

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Key Interplay Between The Co-Opted Sorting Nexin-Bar Proteins And Pi3p Phosphoinositide In The Formation Of The Tombusvirus Replicase, Zhike Feng, Nikolay Kovalev, Peter D. Nagy

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Positive-strand RNA viruses replicate in host cells by forming large viral replication organelles, which harbor numerous membrane-bound viral replicase complexes (VRCs). In spite of its essential role in viral replication, the biogenesis of the VRCs is not fully understood. The authors identified critical roles of cellular membrane-shaping proteins and PI(3)P (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate) phosphoinositide, a minor lipid with key functions in endosomal vesicle trafficking and autophagosome biogenesis, in VRC formation for tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV). The authors show that TBSV co-opts the endosomal SNX-BAR (sorting nexin with Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs- BAR domain) proteins, which bind to PI(3)P and have membrane-reshaping function during …

Diverse And Complex Muscle Spindle Afferent Firing Properties Emerge From Multiscale Muscle Mechanics, Kyle P. Blum, Kenneth S. Campbell, Brian C. Horslen, Paul Nardelli, Stephen N. Housley, Timothy C. Cope, Lena H. Ting

Physiology Faculty Publications

Despite decades of research, we lack a mechanistic framework capable of predicting how movement-related signals are transformed into the diversity of muscle spindle afferent firing patterns observed experimentally, particularly in naturalistic behaviors. Here, a biophysical model demonstrates that well-known firing characteristics of mammalian muscle spindle Ia afferents – including movement history dependence, and nonlinear scaling with muscle stretch velocity – emerge from first principles of muscle contractile mechanics. Further, mechanical interactions of the muscle spindle with muscle-tendon dynamics reveal how motor commands to the muscle (alpha drive) versus muscle spindle (gamma drive) can cause highly variable and complex activity during …

Evaluating Alternative Livestock Production Systems Sustainability And Farmer Income In Taipusi Banner, Inner Mongolia, Q. Tian, R. Jones, David L. Michalk, Geoff D. Millar, David R. Kemp, Z. Xu, J. Xie, Y. Zheng

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Feed Restriction On Compensatory Growth And Body Dimensions In Ujumuqin Lambs, Jiayin Song, Daowei Zhou, Ping Wang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Weight Variations Of Grazing Goats And Sheep In The Desert Steppe In Winter And Spring, Y. M. Shan, Mingjiu Wang, H. J. Chen, Zh. Y. Wu, Zh. Q. Li, X. L. Sun, Zh. Yang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Pasture Management Reshaping Dairy Cows Grazing Behavior And Performance, A. Schmitt, W. Murphy

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Home Range Size Of Free‐Roaming Beef Suckler Cattle In The Forest, Shusuke Sato, Yoshitaka Deguchi, Takeshi Yasue, Takami Kosako

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Lamb Performance And Forage Quality In Rotational Grazing Systems, Yuping Rong, L. X. Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Lactating Grazing Dairy Cow Performance: Influence Of Chopped Fresh Maize Supplementation, M. Ramírez‐Mella, O. Hernández‐Mendo, R. Amendola‐Mashiotti, D. G. Mendoza‐Martinez, J. E. Ramirez‐Bibriesca

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Forages And Soils In Different Waterlogged Saline Grasslands In Western And Southern Coastal Region Of Sri Lanka, Sujatha Premaratne, G. G. C. Premalal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Use Of Intensive Fodder Banks With Hybrid Napier Co‐3grass For Smallholder Dairy Production Systems In The Dry Zone Of Sri Lanka, G. G. C. Premalal, Sujatha Premaratne, Anil Jayawardena

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Spatial Distribution Of Forage Intake By Grazing Beef Cows On An Alpine Pasture In Japan, M. Nakano, Masato Yayota, R. Tamai, Shigeru Ohtani

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Variable Climatic Conditions On Animal Production In A Semi‐Arid Communal Farming System In South Africa, M. Naidoo, M. T. Hoffman, Nicky Allsopp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Comparative Performance Of Friesian‐Sahiwal Crossbreds And Sahiwal Steers On Naivasha Stargrass In Kenya, W. B. Muhuyi, T. Muasya, S. N. Ole Sinkeet

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.