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Rethinking Burnout In Informal Caregivers: Development And Validation Of The Informal Caregiver Burnout Inventory - 10 Item Form, Nicholas James Jan 2020

Rethinking Burnout In Informal Caregivers: Development And Validation Of The Informal Caregiver Burnout Inventory - 10 Item Form, Nicholas James

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Measurement of informal caregiver burnout is typically achieved by re-purposing scales of occupational burnout. Such approaches have several methodological and theoretical weaknesses. This paper proposes a new tool for measuring caregiver burnout: The Informal Caregiver Burnout Inventory (ICBI). In the first portion of this study, focused feedback was collected from within-field experts and caregivers. Following item revision, an online sample of informal US caregivers of an individual with dementia was collected. Item Response Theory analysis was used to prune low-information or low-consistency items from the scale. The finalized ICBI contained 10 items and showed strong convergent validity, adequately differentiated burnout …

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Additive Manufacturing Of Elastomeric Lung Phantoms In Radiation Oncology, Jonathan Sookdeo Jan 2020

Additive Manufacturing Of Elastomeric Lung Phantoms In Radiation Oncology, Jonathan Sookdeo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Cancer is a particularly difficult disease to manage and treat, with cancer of the lung being a notably complex disease to treat with radiation therapy. In this study, a stereolithography-based 3D printing process was developed to fabricate human lung phantoms with identical mechanical and physical properties of human lungs in order to assist with targeted radiation therapy. A highly flexible UV photopolymer material with an elastic modulus of approximately 350 KPa was formulated for use in a custom-built stereolithography-based 3D printing apparatus. The printer built for 3D printing of the photopolymer features a large build volume with off-shelf components with …

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Study Of Non-Ideal Effects On Shock Wave Propagation, Cory Kinney Jan 2020

Study Of Non-Ideal Effects On Shock Wave Propagation, Cory Kinney

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Shock tube experiments provide insightful data on combustion, emissions, and ablation characterization for a wide variety of defense and energy sector research topics. Accurate characterization of shock tube facilities is essential to verifying the accuracy of research data. Non-ideal effects, such as boundary layer growth, introduce uncertainty into pressure and temperature conditions, the primary independent variables of interest for shock tube research results. The effect of boundary layer growth on shock tube experiments was investigated by conducting simulations for University of Central Florida's two geometrically different shock tube using StanShock, a quasi-one-dimensional, reacting, compressible flow solver. The characteristic quantities considered …

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Indium Phosphide Based Quantum Cascade Lasers Grown On Silicon Substrate, Rowel Go Jan 2020

Indium Phosphide Based Quantum Cascade Lasers Grown On Silicon Substrate, Rowel Go

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor devices that, currently, have been observed to emit radiation from ~ 2.6 µm to 250 µm (1 to 100 terahertz range of frequencies). They have established themselves as the laser of choice for spectroscopic gas sensing in the mid-wavelength infrared (3-8 µm) and long-wavelength infrared (8-15 µm) region. In the 4-12 µm wavelength region, the highest performing QCL devices, in terms of wall-plug efficiency and continuous wave operation, are indium phosphide (InP) based. The ultimate goal is to incorporate this InP-based QCL technology to silicon (Si) substrate since most opto-electronics are Si-based. The main …

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Hybrid Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Dynamical Systems, Renato Giorgiani Do Nascimento Jan 2020

Hybrid Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Dynamical Systems, Renato Giorgiani Do Nascimento

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Ordinary differential equations can describe many dynamic systems. When physics is well understood, the time-dependent responses are easily obtained numerically. The particular numerical method used for integration depends on the application. Unfortunately, when physics is not fully understood, the discrepancies between predictions and observed responses can be large and unacceptable. In this thesis, we show how to directly implement integration of ordinary differential equations through recurrent neural networks using Python. We leveraged modern machine learning frameworks, such as TensorFlow and Keras. Besides offering basic models capabilities (such as multilayer perceptrons and recurrent neural networks) and optimization methods, these frameworks offer …

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Control Strategies For Multi-Controller Multi-Objective Systems, Raaed Al-Azzawi Jan 2020

Control Strategies For Multi-Controller Multi-Objective Systems, Raaed Al-Azzawi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This dissertation's focus is control systems controlled by multiple controllers, each having its own objective function. The control of such systems is important in many practical applications such as economic systems, the smart grid, military systems, robotic systems, and others. To reap the benefits of feedback, we consider and discuss the advantages of implementing both the Nash and the Leader-Follower Stackelberg controls in a closed-loop form. However, closed-loop controls require continuous measurements of the system's state vector, which may be expensive or even impossible in many cases. As an alternative, we consider a sampled closed-loop implementation. Such an implementation requires …

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Identifying Diurnal Variability Of Brain Connectivity Patterns Using Graph Theory, Farzad Vasheghani Farahani Jan 2020

Identifying Diurnal Variability Of Brain Connectivity Patterns Using Graph Theory, Farzad Vasheghani Farahani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Circadian rhythms are 24-hour fluctuations determining periodicity in a wide range of physiological processes, including neural activity and hormone secretion, which controls sleeping and feeding habits. Despite significant diurnal variation in human brain function, neuroscientists have rarely considered the effects of time-of-day on their studies. Moreover, there are interpersonal discrepancies in sleep-wake patterns, diurnal preferences, and daytime alertness (known as chronotypes), which can cause different diurnal profiles in human cognition and brain performance. The study of circadian typology differences has increased in recent years, however, examining the effects of both time-of-day and people's chronotype requires further elucidation. In the present …

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The Effects Of Gesture Presentation In Video Games, Jack Oakley Jan 2020

The Effects Of Gesture Presentation In Video Games, Jack Oakley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

As everyday and commonplace technology continues to move toward touch devices and virtual reality devices, more and more video games are using gestures as forms of gameplay. While there is much research focused on gestures as user interface navigation methods, we wanted to look into how gestures affect gameplay when used as a gameplay mechanic. In particular, we set out to determine how different ways of presenting gestures might affect the game's difficulty and flow. We designed two versions of a zombie game where the zombies are killed by drawing gestures. The first version of the game is a touchscreen-based …

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Detailed Study Of Flow And Surface Heat Transfer Enhancement Mechanism In The Presence Of Dimples And/Or Protrusions, Gaurav Gupta Jan 2020

Detailed Study Of Flow And Surface Heat Transfer Enhancement Mechanism In The Presence Of Dimples And/Or Protrusions, Gaurav Gupta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Recent advancements in material technology have led to the development of non-porous negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) materials (also called auxetic structures) by making spherical inline dimples on both sides of an elastic sheet. Manufacturing technologies such as 3-D printing and additive manufacturing paved the way to realize the complex shapes needed to achieve NPR behavior. These materials are desirable in many engineering applications, especially in the gas turbines hot-gas-path, due to their unique properties. In the current study, an effort is made to understand the flow physics and surface heat transfer mechanism for channel flow having one wall with spherical …

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Target Acquisition Performance Improvement With Boost And Restoration Filtering Using Deep-Electron-Well Infrared Detectors, Robert Short Jan 2020

Target Acquisition Performance Improvement With Boost And Restoration Filtering Using Deep-Electron-Well Infrared Detectors, Robert Short

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Recent advances in infrared focal plane fabrication have allowed for the production of sensors with small detector size (small pitch) and long integration time (deep electron wells) in large-format arrays. Individually, these are all welcome developments, but we raise the question of whether it is possible to utilize all of these technologies in concert to optimize performance. If so, a key part of such a system will be digital boost filtering, to recover the performance loss due to diffraction blur. We describe a system design concept called PWP (Pitch-Well-Processing) that uses each of these features along with Wiener filtering to …

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Cerium Oxide Based Nanocomposites For Supercapacitors, Aadithya Jeyaranjan Jan 2020

Cerium Oxide Based Nanocomposites For Supercapacitors, Aadithya Jeyaranjan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Access to clean, and sustainable energy is one of the biggest challenges of our generation. With the rapid growth of renewable energy harvesters, developing electrochemical energy storage devices (EEDs) that respond well to them is of significant interest. Supercapacitors are a class of EEDs with exceptional power densities and ultra-long cycle life. These properties make them an attractive candidate as a replacement, or to be used in combination with batteries and other EEDs. In this dissertation, nano cerium oxide (nano CeO2) based materials are examined as an active material for supercapacitor applications. The first part of this work details how …

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Smartphone Sensor-Based Pedestrian Activity Recognition For P2v Communication And Warning System, Dhrubo Hasan Chowdhury Jan 2020

Smartphone Sensor-Based Pedestrian Activity Recognition For P2v Communication And Warning System, Dhrubo Hasan Chowdhury

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The ubiquity of smartphones has made a remarkable influence on everyone's day to day life. Variety of useful built-in sensors provide smartphones with a convenient floor for data collection and analysis. Application development based on the user's location and movement is not a difficult task nowadays. But injuries and deaths due to smartphone-distracted movement on roadways is on the increase. This study explores the capabilities of smartphone inertial sensors for pedestrian activity recognition. Smartphone distracted movements can be predicted from the associated pedestrian's posture, thus inertial sensors can provide effective solution for this specific task. Volunteers were asked to perform …

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Action Recognition In Still Images: Confluence Of Multilinear Methods And Deep Learning, Marjaneh Safaei Jan 2020

Action Recognition In Still Images: Confluence Of Multilinear Methods And Deep Learning, Marjaneh Safaei

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Motion is a missing information in an image, however, it is a valuable cue for action recognition. Thus, lack of motion information in a single image makes action recognition for still images inherently a very challenging problem in computer vision. In this dissertation, we show that both spatial and temporal patterns provide crucial information for recognizing human actions. Therefore, action recognition depends not only on the spatially-salient pixels, but also on the temporal patterns of those pixels. To address the challenge caused by the absence of temporal information in a single image, we introduce five effective action classification methodologies along …

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Tip Clearance Effect On Convective Heat Transfer In Micro Scale Pin Fins, Hanieh Tabkhivayghan Jan 2020

Tip Clearance Effect On Convective Heat Transfer In Micro Scale Pin Fins, Hanieh Tabkhivayghan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Fluid flow and local heat transfer in a microchannel with single and array of pin fins have been studied. For the single pin fin case, a microchannel with a 150-µm diameter pin fin with a tip clearance was experimentally and numerically studied for three Reynolds numbers in laminar regime. Tip clearances of 0, 30, 45 and 100 µm in a 200-µm high microchannel. Experimental and numerical local temperatures and the corresponding Nusselt numbers along the centerline of the pin fin were presented and discussed. Local temperatures were measured on top of the heater surface and downstream the pin fin through …

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Seismocardiography - Genesis, And Utilization Of Machine Learning For Variability Reduction And Improved Cardiac Health Monitoring, Peshala Thibbotuwawa Gamage Jan 2020

Seismocardiography - Genesis, And Utilization Of Machine Learning For Variability Reduction And Improved Cardiac Health Monitoring, Peshala Thibbotuwawa Gamage

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Seismocardiography (SCG) is the measured chest surface vibrations resulting from cardiac activity. Although SCG can contain information that correlate with cardiac health, its utility may be limited by lack of understanding of the signal genesis and a variability that can mask subtle SCG changes. The current research utilized medical imaging reconstruction and finite element method (FEM) to simulate SCG by modeling the propagation of myocardial movements to the chest surface. FEM analysis provided a link between myocardial movements and the SCG signals measured at the chest surface and suggested that myocardial movement is a primary source of SCG. Increased understanding …

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Reducing Information Overload In Situated Visualization For Firefighting: A Human Factors Evaluation Of User Interface Prototypes For Pre-Incident Planning, Katelynn Kapalo Jan 2020

Reducing Information Overload In Situated Visualization For Firefighting: A Human Factors Evaluation Of User Interface Prototypes For Pre-Incident Planning, Katelynn Kapalo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

High profile structure fires, like the Grenfell Tower tragedy, have demonstrated that the quality of the information provided to firefighters arriving on the scene of an emergency is a matter of life or death. It has been suggested that access to structural information such as electronic building plans or unmanned aerial vehicle footage may bridge the information gap to help first responders build situation awareness at the incident scene. However, these technologies have not been fully evaluated from a human performance perspective. The use of pre-incident plans (PIPs), information captured systematically about a facility prior to an emergency, provides a …

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Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Integrated Photonics On Silicon For Electro- And Nonlinear-Optic Applications, Amirmahdi Honardoost Jan 2020

Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Integrated Photonics On Silicon For Electro- And Nonlinear-Optic Applications, Amirmahdi Honardoost

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In order to overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional bulk lithium niobate photonic, thin-film lithium-niobate-on-silicon has been pursued recently. This work presents contributions made to electro-, and nonlinear-optic applications of this technology. For electrooptic applications, detailed modeling and design guidelines of optical and radio-frequency parameters of ultracompact modulators are developed and their accuracy in predicting the high-speed performance of such devices have been verified by comparison with experimental results. Novel design techniques and pathways for ultrahigh-speed (sub-terahertz) operation of such modulators, achieving up to 400 GHz modulation bandwidth, are also presented. For optical interconnect applications, novel structures for ultralow-power consumption …

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Traffic Speed Prediction And Mobility Behavior Analysis Using On-Demand Ride-Hailing Service Data, Jiechao Zhang Jan 2020

Traffic Speed Prediction And Mobility Behavior Analysis Using On-Demand Ride-Hailing Service Data, Jiechao Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Providing accurate traffic speed prediction is essential for the success of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) deployments. Accurate traffic speed prediction allows traffic managers take proper countermeasures when emergent changes happen in the transportation network. In this thesis, we present a computationally less expensive machine learning approach XGBoost to predict the future travel speed of a selected sub-network in Beijing's transportation network. We perform different experiments for predicting speed in the network from future 1 min to 20 min. We compare the XGBoost approach against other well-known machine learning and statistical models such as linear regression and decision tree, gradient boosting …

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Machine Learning Based Rf Transmitter Characterization In The Presence Of Adversaries, Debashri Roy Jan 2020

Machine Learning Based Rf Transmitter Characterization In The Presence Of Adversaries, Debashri Roy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The advances in wireless technologies have led to autonomous deployments of various wireless networks. As these networks must co-exist, it is important that all transmitters and receivers are aware of their radio frequency (RF) surroundings so that they can learn and adapt their transmission and reception parameters to best suit their needs. To this end, machine learning techniques have become popular as they can learn, analyze and even predict the RF signals and associated parameters that characterize the RF environment. In this dissertation, we address some of the fundamental challenges on how to effectively apply different learning techniques in the …

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Efficient String Algorithms With Applications In Bioinformatics, Sahar Hooshmand Jan 2020

Efficient String Algorithms With Applications In Bioinformatics, Sahar Hooshmand

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The work presented in this dissertation deals with establishing efficient methods for solving some algorithmic problems, which have applications to Bioinformatics. After a short introduction in Chapter 1, an algorithm for genome mappability problem is presented in Chapter 2. Genome mappability is a measure for the approximate repeat structure of the genome with respect to substrings of specific length and a tolerance to define the number of mismatches. The similarity between reads is measured by using the Hamming distance function. Genome mappability is computed for each position in the string and has several applications in designing high-throughput short-read sequencing experiments. …

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Learning Context-Sensitive Human Emotions In Categorical And Dimensional Domains, Pooyan Balouchian Jan 2020

Learning Context-Sensitive Human Emotions In Categorical And Dimensional Domains, Pooyan Balouchian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Still image emotion recognition (ER) has been receiving increasing attention in recent years due to the tremendous amount of social media content on the Web. Many works offer both categorical and dimensional methods to detect image sentiments, while others focus on extracting the true social signals, such as happiness and anger. Deep learning architectures have delivered great suc- cess, however, their dependency on large-scale datasets labeled with (1) emotion, and (2) valence, arousal and dominance, in categorical and dimensional domains respectively, introduce challenges the community tries to tackle. Emotions offer dissimilar semantics when aroused in different con- texts, however "context-sensitive" …

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Improving The Security Of Critical Infrastructure: Metrics, Measurements, And Analysis, Jeman Park Jan 2020

Improving The Security Of Critical Infrastructure: Metrics, Measurements, And Analysis, Jeman Park

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In this work, we propose three important contributions needed in the process of improving the security of the critical infrastructure: metrics, measurement, and analysis. To improve security, metrics are key to ensuring the accuracy of the assessment and evaluation. Measurements are the core of the process of identifying the causality and effectiveness of various behaviors, and accurate measurement with the right assumptions is a cornerstone for accurate analysis. Finally, contextualized analysis essential for understanding measurements. Different results can be derived for the same data according to the analysis method, and it can serve as a basis for understanding and improving …

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Decentralized Adaptable Task Allocation For Ongoing Tasks, Vera Kazakova Jan 2020

Decentralized Adaptable Task Allocation For Ongoing Tasks, Vera Kazakova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This thesis extends an existing bio-inspired model for decentralized task allocation and benchmarks it against alternative approaches to assess robustness in dynamic conditions, applicability to domains with ongoing and hierarchical tasks, and scalability to large teams of agents. The work addresses decentralized task allocation of simple non-communicating agents in dynamic environments of multiple tasks. Multi-area patrolling is used as the sample domain: specific number of agents is required to successfully patrol each area on each timestep, indefinitely, until the system's security needs. Agents must individually decide whether to patrol and where (i.e., task availability is not limited by task demand …

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Prediction Of Pedestrians' Red Light Violations Using Deep Learning, Shile Zhang Jan 2020

Prediction Of Pedestrians' Red Light Violations Using Deep Learning, Shile Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Pedestrians are regarded as Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs). Each year, thousands of pedestrians' deaths are caused by traffic crashes, which take up 16% of the total road fatalities and injuries in the U.S. (FHWA, 2018). Crashes can happen if there are interactions between VRUs and motorized transportation. And pedestrians' unexpected crossings, such as red-light violations at the signalized intersections, would expose them to motorized transportation and cause potential collisions. This thesis is intended to predict the pedestrians' red-light violation behaviors at the signalized crosswalks based on an LSTM (Long Short-term Memory) neural network. With video data collected from real traffic …

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Optimization Studies For The Gas Atomization And Selective Laser Melting Processes Of Al10simg Alloy, Sharon Park Jan 2020

Optimization Studies For The Gas Atomization And Selective Laser Melting Processes Of Al10simg Alloy, Sharon Park

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technology that can fabricate complex engineering components using a scanning laser beam to melt consecutive layers of powders with characteristics that significantly influence material properties. Present work investigates both the gas atomization and SLM processes for the Al10SiMg alloy with a focus on establishing the relationships among atomization parameters, powder characteristics, SLM parameters and materials properties. Al10SiMg alloy powders (Al-10wt.%Si-0.5wt.%Mg) were batch-produced through gas atomization by systematically varying the melt flow rate (0.012 - 0.037 kg/s), gas pressure (1.4 - 3.1 MPa), and melt temperature (850C -1000C). The highest yield of 80 …

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Ultraviolet Irradiation Combined With Chlorine Dioxide Pre-Oxidation For Disinfection By-Product Control, Paula Campesino Jan 2020

Ultraviolet Irradiation Combined With Chlorine Dioxide Pre-Oxidation For Disinfection By-Product Control, Paula Campesino

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The use of ultraviolet (UV) light and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as an advanced oxidation process (AOP) has been investigated at the bench-scale to understand the effects of their use on disinfection by-product (DBP) formation potential (FP) in chlorinated groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) supplies. Two GWs and two SWs of varying qualities were subject to a series of AOP treatment sequences at the bench scale: sodium hypochlorite, to serve as a baseline; ClO2-Cl2, UV-Cl2, and UV-ClO2-Cl2. In these treatment sequences, Cl2 is used as a primary and secondary disinfectant. Several water quality parameters were measured throughout the experiments, including …

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Study On Ductile Fracture With Anisotropic And Strain Rate Effects In Manufacturing Processes, Hao Pan Jan 2020

Study On Ductile Fracture With Anisotropic And Strain Rate Effects In Manufacturing Processes, Hao Pan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Ductile fracture is a topic of great importance in automotive and aerospace industries. Prediction of ductile fracture in engineering structures relies on developing robust material models under complex loading conditions. This dissertation addresses the anisotropic and strain rate effects in constitutive and ductile fracture models of lightweight metals. In the present modeling framework, the anisotropic plasticity behavior is modeled by combination of an initial anisotropic yield function and an isotropic hardening correction by Lode dependence. A new all-strain based anisotropic fracture model is proposed based on the approach of linear transformation on plastic strain rate tensor. The strain rate effects …

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The Impacts Of Wave Energy Conversion On Coastal Morphodynamics In A Changing Climate, Cigdem Ozkan Jan 2020

The Impacts Of Wave Energy Conversion On Coastal Morphodynamics In A Changing Climate, Cigdem Ozkan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Fossil fuels, i.e., petroleum, natural gas, and coal, are the primary sources of global energy. Studies on the impacts of fossil fuels on climate change have shown the immediate need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adopt sustainable alternatives since these emissions result in warmer atmospheric temperatures, ocean acidification, glacier melting, sea level rise, and many other ramifications. In recent years, these alarming results have prompted governments worldwide to develop adaptation strategies for climate change, leading to increased investments in renewable energy resources. Globally, solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower have been the leading sources of renewable energy. Ocean wave …

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Interfacial Properties Modulate Water Entry Dynamics For Spherical Projectiles, Daren Watson Jan 2020

Interfacial Properties Modulate Water Entry Dynamics For Spherical Projectiles, Daren Watson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Rigid bodies impacting liquid pools incite splashing and air-entraining cavities that depend on impactor shape, entry speed, surface texture, and free surface conditions. In this body of work, we investigate the influence of interfacial properties on water entry dynamics for free-falling spherical projectiles. Our investigations translate to everyday fluid-structure interactions that are complex and generally conclude beyond the temporal acuity of the naked eye. High-speed videography between 1000 -- 3200 fps is used to digitize the water entry process and measure salient splash features under different initial conditions. We assess splashes arising from the impacts of free-falling hydrophilic spheres with …

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Pathological Tremor As A Mechanical System: Modeling And Control Of Artificial Muscle-Based Tremor Suppression, Christopher Kelley Jan 2020

Pathological Tremor As A Mechanical System: Modeling And Control Of Artificial Muscle-Based Tremor Suppression, Christopher Kelley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Central nervous system disorders produce the undesired, approximately rhythmic movement of body parts known as pathological tremor. This undesired motion inhibits the patient's ability to perform tasks of daily living and participate in society. Typical treatments are medications and deep brain stimulation surgery, both of which include risks, side effects, and varying efficacy. Since the pathophysiology of tremor is not well understood, empirical investigation drives tremor treatment development. This dissertation explores tremor from a mechanical systems perspective to work towards theory-driven treatment design. The primary negative outcome of pathological tremor is the undesired movement of body parts: mechanically suppressing this …

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