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Portable And Airborne Small Footprint Lidar: Forest Canopy Structure Estimation Of Fire Managed Plots, Claudia M. C. S. Listopad, Jason B. Drake, Ron E. Masters, John F. Weishampel Jan 2011

Portable And Airborne Small Footprint Lidar: Forest Canopy Structure Estimation Of Fire Managed Plots, Claudia M. C. S. Listopad, Jason B. Drake, Ron E. Masters, John F. Weishampel

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

This study used an affordable ground-based portable LiDAR system to provide an understanding of the structural differences between old-growth and secondary-growth Southeastern pine. It provided insight into the strengths and weaknesses in the structural determination of portable systems in contrast to airborne LiDAR systems. Portable LiDAR height profiles and derived metrics and indices (e. g., canopy cover, canopy height) were compared among plots with different fire frequency and fire season treatments within secondary forest and old growth plots. The treatments consisted of transitional season fire with four different return intervals: 1-yr, 2-yr, 3-yr fire return intervals, and fire suppressed plots. …

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Polymer Translocation Induced By A Bad Solvent, Christopher Lörscher, Tapio Ala-Nissila, Aniket Bhattacharya Jan 2011

Polymer Translocation Induced By A Bad Solvent, Christopher Lörscher, Tapio Ala-Nissila, Aniket Bhattacharya

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We study polymer translocation through a nanopore subject to conformational differences created by putting two different solvents at the cis and trans compartments using Langevin dynamics in three dimensions (3D). Initially a fraction of the chain is placed in a good solvent at the cis side and the rest of the chain at the trans side is immersed in a bad solvent where it forms a globule. We study several aspects of the translocating chain as a function of the strength of the interaction epsilon/k(B)T for the bad solvent, where the temperature T is kept below the Theta temperature for …

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Identification Of Poly (Adp-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (Parp-1) As A Novel Kruppel-Like Factor 8-Interacting And -Regulating Protein, Heng Lu, Xianhui Wang, Tianshu Li, Alison M. Urvalek, Lin Yu, Jieli Li, Jinghua Zhu, Qishan Lin, Xu Peng, Jihe Zhao Jan 2011

Identification Of Poly (Adp-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (Parp-1) As A Novel Kruppel-Like Factor 8-Interacting And -Regulating Protein, Heng Lu, Xianhui Wang, Tianshu Li, Alison M. Urvalek, Lin Yu, Jieli Li, Jinghua Zhu, Qishan Lin, Xu Peng, Jihe Zhao

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) regulates critical gene transcription and cellular events associated with cancer. However, KLF8-interacting proteins remain largely unidentified. Using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), mass spectrometry, and GST pulldown assays, we identified poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1(PARP-1) as a novel KLF8-interacting protein. Co-IP and Western blotting indicated that KLF8 is also a PARP-1 substrate. Mutation of the cysteines in the zinc finger domain of KLF8 abolished PARP-1 interaction. Surprisingly, immunofluorescent staining revealed a cytoplasmic mislocalization of KLF8 in PARP-1(-/-) cells or when the interaction was disrupted. This mislocalization was prevented by either PARP-1 re-expression or inhibition of CRM1-dependent nuclearexport. Interestingly, co-IP indicated competition between …

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On Apteronotus Magdalenensis (Miles, 1945) (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae): A Poorly Known Species Endemic To The Rio Magdalena Basin, Colombia, Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo, Carlos David De Santana, William G. R. Crampton Jan 2011

On Apteronotus Magdalenensis (Miles, 1945) (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae): A Poorly Known Species Endemic To The Rio Magdalena Basin, Colombia, Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo, Carlos David De Santana, William G. R. Crampton

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Based on the examination of the two available paratypes and recently collected material, we present new data and information on the electric knifefish Apteronotus magdalenensis, a species endemic to the rio Magdalena-Cauca basin in Colombia. Since Miles' description in 1945, this species was not collected until recent field work at the Torrents of Honda and additional localities. We present data on the external morphology, morphometrics, pigmentation and electric organ discharges (EODs), of A. magdalenensis. We also review its distribution, ecology and conservation status.

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Hiv-1 Enhancing Effect Of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase Peptides Is Reduced In Human Seminal Plasma, Julie A. Martellini, Amy L. Cole, Pavel Svoboda, Olga Stuchlik, Li-Mei Chen, Karl X. Chai, Bhushan K. Gangrade, Ole E. Sorensne, Jan Pohl, Alexander M. Cole Jan 2011

Hiv-1 Enhancing Effect Of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase Peptides Is Reduced In Human Seminal Plasma, Julie A. Martellini, Amy L. Cole, Pavel Svoboda, Olga Stuchlik, Li-Mei Chen, Karl X. Chai, Bhushan K. Gangrade, Ole E. Sorensne, Jan Pohl, Alexander M. Cole

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We recently reported that HIV-1 infection can be inhibited by innate antimicrobial components of human seminal plasma (SP). Conversely, naturally occurring peptidic fragments from the SP-derived prostatic acid phosphatase ( PAP) have been reported to form amyloid fibrils called "SEVI'' and enhance HIV-1 infection in vitro. In order to understand the biological consequence of this proviral effect, we extended these studies in the presence of human SP. PAP-derived peptides were agitated to form SEVI and incubated in the presence or absence of SP. While PAP-derived peptides and SEVI alone were proviral, the presence of 1% SP ablated their proviral activity …

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Structural And Functional Interactions Between The Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit And Erdj3/Hedj, A Chaperone Of The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Shane Massey, Helen Burress, Michael Taylor, Kathleen N. Nemec, Supriyo Ray, David B. Haslam, Ken Teter Jan 2011

Structural And Functional Interactions Between The Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit And Erdj3/Hedj, A Chaperone Of The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Shane Massey, Helen Burress, Michael Taylor, Kathleen N. Nemec, Supriyo Ray, David B. Haslam, Ken Teter

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Cholera toxin (CT) is endocytosed and transported by vesicle carriers to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The catalytic CTA1 subunit then crosses the ER membrane and enters the cytosol, where it interacts with its Gs alpha target. The CTA1 membrane transversal involves the ER chaperone BiP, but few other host proteins involved with CTA1 translocation are known. BiP function is regulated by ERdj3, an ER-localized Hsp40 chaperone also known as HEDJ. ERdj3 can also influence protein folding and translocation by direct substrate binding. In this work, structural and functional assays were used to examine the putative interaction between ERdj3 and CTA1. …

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Epigenetic Regulation Of Microrna Genes And The Role Of Mir-34b In Cell Invasion And Motility In Human Melanoma, Joseph Mazar, Divya Khaitan, Dan Deblasio, Cuncong Zhong, Subramaniam S. Govindarajan, Sharmila Kopanathi, Shaojie Zhang, Animesh Ray, Ranjan J. Perera Jan 2011

Epigenetic Regulation Of Microrna Genes And The Role Of Mir-34b In Cell Invasion And Motility In Human Melanoma, Joseph Mazar, Divya Khaitan, Dan Deblasio, Cuncong Zhong, Subramaniam S. Govindarajan, Sharmila Kopanathi, Shaojie Zhang, Animesh Ray, Ranjan J. Perera

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Invasive melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer. The treatment of melanoma-derived cell lines with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) markedly increases the expression of several miRNAs, suggesting that the miRNA-encoding genes might be epigenetically regulated, either directly or indirectly, by DNA methylation. We have identified a group of epigenetically regulated miRNA genes in melanoma cells, and have confirmed that the upstream CpG island sequences of several such miRNA genes are hypermethylated in cell lines derived from different stages of melanoma, but not in melanocytes and keratinocytes. We used direct DNA bisulfite and immunoprecipitated DNA (Methyl-DIP) to identify changes in CpG …

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Reproductive Regulators In Decapod Crustaceans: An Overview, Ganji Purna Chandra Nagaraju Jan 2011

Reproductive Regulators In Decapod Crustaceans: An Overview, Ganji Purna Chandra Nagaraju

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Control of reproductive development in crustaceans requires neuropeptides, ecdysone and methyl farnesoate (MF). A major source of neuropeptides is the X-organ-sinus gland (XO-SG) complex located in the eyestalk ganglia of crustaceans. The other regulatory factors (either peptides or neuromodulators) are produced in the brain and thoracic ganglia (TG). Two other regulatory non-peptide compounds, the steroid ecdysone and the sesquiterpene MF, are produced by the Y-organs and the mandibular organs, respectively. In the current review, I have tried to recapitulate recent studies on the role of gonadal regulatory factors in regulating crustacean reproduction.

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Influence Of Growth Rate On The Epitaxial Orientation And Crystalline Quality Of Ceo2 Thin Films Grown On Al2o3(0001), M. I. Nandasiri, P. Nachimuthu, T. Varga, V. Shutthanandan, W. Jiang, Satyanarayana V. N. T. Kuchibhatla, S. Thevuthasan, S. Seal, A. Kayani Jan 2011

Influence Of Growth Rate On The Epitaxial Orientation And Crystalline Quality Of Ceo2 Thin Films Grown On Al2o3(0001), M. I. Nandasiri, P. Nachimuthu, T. Varga, V. Shutthanandan, W. Jiang, Satyanarayana V. N. T. Kuchibhatla, S. Thevuthasan, S. Seal, A. Kayani

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Growth rate-induced epitaxial orientations and crystalline quality of CeO2 thin films grown on Al2O3(0001) by oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy were studied using in situ and ex situ characterization techniques. CeO2 grows as three-dimensional (3D) islands and two-dimensional layers at growth rates of 1-7 angstrom/min and > = 9 angstrom/min, respectively. The formation of epitaxial CeO2(100) and CeO2(111) thin films occurs at growth rates of 1 angstrom/min and > = 9 angstrom/min, respectively. Glancing-incidence x-ray diffraction measurements have shown that the films grown at intermediate growth rates (2-7 angstrom/min) consist of polycrystalline CeO2 along with CeO2(100). The thin film grown at 1 …

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Cellular Infiltration And Cytokine Expression Correlate With Fistulizing State In Crohn's Disease, Saleh A. Naser, Claudia Romero, Princess Urbina, Najih Naser, John Valentine Jan 2011

Cellular Infiltration And Cytokine Expression Correlate With Fistulizing State In Crohn's Disease, Saleh A. Naser, Claudia Romero, Princess Urbina, Najih Naser, John Valentine

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of infiltration of different cell subpopulations (tissue dendritic macrophages, T-helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and B cells) and the expression of the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in inflamed and noninflamed resected tissues from Crohn's disease (CD) and non-CD patients. Twenty-one resected full-thickness intestinal tissue specimens representing 13 subjects (8 CD and 5 non-CD patients) were included in this study. Sections of 20 mu m in thickness were cut and then stained using immunohistochemistry. The sections were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). …

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Seed Bank Changes With Time-Since-Fire In Florida Rosemary Scrub, Jennifer J. Navarra, Nancy Kohfeldt, Eric S. Menges, Pedro F. Quintana-Ascencio Jan 2011

Seed Bank Changes With Time-Since-Fire In Florida Rosemary Scrub, Jennifer J. Navarra, Nancy Kohfeldt, Eric S. Menges, Pedro F. Quintana-Ascencio

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The soil seed bank plays a central role in the regeneration of obligate seeding species in fire-prone habitats. We evaluated how seed density and species composition changed with time-since-fire in the Florida, USA, rosemary scrub community. Because fire affects habitat availability and plant demographic variation, we predicted that soil seed density would be low in recently burned and long-unburned stands and high at intermediate time-since-fire. Seed bank soil samples were collected from a chronosequence of time-since-fire composited from two trials conducted in 1992-1993 and 2008-2009: two sites each of 3, 6, 10, and 24 years post-fire, and 3 long-unburned (similar …

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Modulation Of Toxin Stability By 4-Phenylbutyric Acid And Negatively Charged Phospholipids, Supriyo Ray, Michael Taylor, Mansfield Burlingame, Suren A. Tatulian, Ken Teter Jan 2011

Modulation Of Toxin Stability By 4-Phenylbutyric Acid And Negatively Charged Phospholipids, Supriyo Ray, Michael Taylor, Mansfield Burlingame, Suren A. Tatulian, Ken Teter

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

AB toxins such as ricin and cholera toxin (CT) consist of an enzymatic A domain and a receptor-binding B domain. After endocytosis of the surface-bound toxin, both ricin and CT are transported by vesicle carriers to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The A subunit then dissociates from its holotoxin, unfolds, and crosses the ER membrane to reach its cytosolic target. Since protein unfolding at physiological temperature and neutral pH allows the dissociated A chain to attain a translocation-competent state for export to the cytosol, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of toxin unfolding are of paramount biological interest. Here we report a biophysical …

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Morphologies From Slippery Ballistic Deposition Model: A Bottom-Up Approach For Nanofabrication, Anthony Robledo, Christopher N. Grabill, Stephen M. Kuebler, Aniruddha Dutta, Helge Heinrich, Aniket Bhattacharya Jan 2011

Morphologies From Slippery Ballistic Deposition Model: A Bottom-Up Approach For Nanofabrication, Anthony Robledo, Christopher N. Grabill, Stephen M. Kuebler, Aniruddha Dutta, Helge Heinrich, Aniket Bhattacharya

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We report pattern formation using a slippery ballistic deposition (SBD) model where growth germinates from a single site or from sites distributed periodically on a lattice. By changing the sticking probability p(s) and choosing systems with different lattice constants and symmetries, we demonstrate that a variety of patterns can be generated. These patterns can be further used as scaffolds for nanofabrication. We also demonstrate that by choosing a lateral sticking probability p(l) at the base that is different than p(s), one can control both the early and late time morphologies originating from a seed. Furthermore, we indicate a possible generalization …

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Metallothionein Expression In Chloroplasts Enhances Mercury Accumulation And Phytoremediation Capability, Oscar N. Ruiz, Derry Alvarez, Cesar Torres, Laura Roman, Henry Daniell Jan 2011

Metallothionein Expression In Chloroplasts Enhances Mercury Accumulation And Phytoremediation Capability, Oscar N. Ruiz, Derry Alvarez, Cesar Torres, Laura Roman, Henry Daniell

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Genetic engineering to enhance mercury phytoremediation has been accomplished by expression of the merAB genes that protects the cell by converting Hg[II] into Hg[0] which volatilizes from the cell. A drawback of this approach is that toxic Hg is released back into the environment. A better phytoremediation strategy would be to accumulate mercury inside plants for subsequent retrieval. We report here the development of a transplastomic approach to express the mouse metallothionein gene (mt1) and accumulate mercury in high concentrations within plant cells. Real-time PCR analysis showed that up to 1284 copies of the mt1 gene were found per cell …

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Femtosecond Laser Induced Photochemistry In Materials Tailored With Photosensitive Agents Invited, Arnaud Royon, Yannick Petit, Gautier Papon, Martin Richardson, Lionel Canioni Jan 2011

Femtosecond Laser Induced Photochemistry In Materials Tailored With Photosensitive Agents Invited, Arnaud Royon, Yannick Petit, Gautier Papon, Martin Richardson, Lionel Canioni

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

This article deals with the recent advances in photochemistry in optical materials induced by femtosecond laser pulses. The field of investigation of this paper is limited to bulk solid isotropic transparent materials (glasses and polymers), specifically tailored with photoactive agents. The formation mechanisms of laser-induced color centers, nanoclusters, nanoparticles and nanocrystallites are reviewed and argued, in particular the influence of the temperature during or after the laser irradiation. The relation between the photo-induced structures and the optical property modifications are discussed, as well as some applications.

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Preformulation And Stability In Biological Fluids Of The Retrocyclin Rc-101, A Potential Anti-Hiv Topical Microbicide, Alexandra B. Sassi, Katherine E. Bunge, Brian L. Hood, Thomas P. Conrads, Alexander M. Cole, Phalguni Gupta, Lisa C. Rohan Jan 2011

Preformulation And Stability In Biological Fluids Of The Retrocyclin Rc-101, A Potential Anti-Hiv Topical Microbicide, Alexandra B. Sassi, Katherine E. Bunge, Brian L. Hood, Thomas P. Conrads, Alexander M. Cole, Phalguni Gupta, Lisa C. Rohan

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: RC-101, a cationic peptide retrocyclin analog, has in vitro activity against HIV-1. Peptide drugs are commonly prone to conformational changes, oxidation and hydrolysis when exposed to excipients in a formulation or biological fluids in the body, this can affect product efficacy. We aimed to investigate RC-101 stability under several conditions including the presence of human vaginal fluids (HVF), enabling the efficient design of a safe and effective microbicide product. Stability studies (temperature, pH, and oxidation) were performed by HPLC, Circular Dichroism, and Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Additionally, the effect of HVF on formulated RC-101 was evaluated with fluids collected from …

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Formulation Development Of Retrocyclin 1 Analog Rc-101 As An Anti-Hiv Vaginal Microbicide Product, A. B. Sassi, M. R. Cost, A. L. Cole, A. M. Cole, D. L. Patton, P. Gupta, L. C. Rohan Jan 2011

Formulation Development Of Retrocyclin 1 Analog Rc-101 As An Anti-Hiv Vaginal Microbicide Product, A. B. Sassi, M. R. Cost, A. L. Cole, A. M. Cole, D. L. Patton, P. Gupta, L. C. Rohan

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

RC-101 is a synthetic microbicide analog of retrocyclin, which has shown in vitro activity against X4 and R5 HIV-1. In an effort to develop a safe and effective RC-101 vaginal microbicide product, we assessed safety in ex vivo macaque and human models and efficacy using in vitro and ex vivo models. A polyvinyl-alcohol vaginal film containing RC-101 (100 mu g/film) was developed. Formulation assessment was conducted by evaluating disintegration, drug content, mechanical properties, and stability. Efficacy was evaluated by in vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) assay and ex vivo human ectocervical tissue explant model. Ex vivo safety studies were …

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Transcriptomic Analysis Of The Zebrafish Inner Ear Points To Growth Hormone Mediated Regeneration Following Acoustic Trauma, Julie B. Schuck, Huifang Sun, W. Todd Penberthy, Nigel G. F. Cooper, Xiaohong Li, Michael E. Smith Jan 2011

Transcriptomic Analysis Of The Zebrafish Inner Ear Points To Growth Hormone Mediated Regeneration Following Acoustic Trauma, Julie B. Schuck, Huifang Sun, W. Todd Penberthy, Nigel G. F. Cooper, Xiaohong Li, Michael E. Smith

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: Unlike mammals, teleost fishes are capable of regenerating sensory inner ear hair cells that have been lost following acoustic or ototoxic trauma. Previous work indicated that immediately following sound exposure, zebrafish saccules exhibit significant hair cell loss that recovers to pre-treatment levels within 14 days. Following acoustic trauma in the zebrafish inner ear, we used microarray analysis to identify genes involved in inner ear repair following acoustic exposure. Additionally, we investigated the effect of growth hormone (GH) on cell proliferation in control zebrafish utricles and saccules, since GH was significantly up-regulated following acoustic trauma. Results: Microarray analysis, validated with …

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Picbreeder: A Case Study In Collaborative Evolutionary Exploration Of Design Space, Jimmy Secretan, Nicholas Beato, David B. D'Ambrosio, Adelein Rodriguez, Adam Campbell, Jeremiah T. Folsom-Kovarik, Kenneth O. Stanley Jan 2011

Picbreeder: A Case Study In Collaborative Evolutionary Exploration Of Design Space, Jimmy Secretan, Nicholas Beato, David B. D'Ambrosio, Adelein Rodriguez, Adam Campbell, Jeremiah T. Folsom-Kovarik, Kenneth O. Stanley

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

For domains in which fitness is subjective or difficult to express formally, interactive evolutionary computation (IEC) is a natural choice. It is possible that a collaborative process combining feedback from multiple users can improve the quality and quantity of generated artifacts. Picbreeder, a large-scale online experiment in collaborative interactive evolution (CIE), explores this potential. Picbreeder is an online community in which users can evolve and share images, and most importantly, continue evolving others' images. Through this process of branching from other images, and through continually increasing image complexity made possible by the underlying neuroevolution of augmenting topologies (NEAT) algorithm, evolved …

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Infrared Surface Plasmons On Heavily Doped Silicon, Monas Shahsad, Gautam Medhi, Robert E. Peale, Walter R. Buchwald, Justin W. Cleary, Richard Soref, Glenn D. Boreman, Oliver Edwards Jan 2011

Infrared Surface Plasmons On Heavily Doped Silicon, Monas Shahsad, Gautam Medhi, Robert E. Peale, Walter R. Buchwald, Justin W. Cleary, Richard Soref, Glenn D. Boreman, Oliver Edwards

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Conductors with infrared plasma frequencies are potentially useful hosts of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) with sub-wavelength mode confinement for sensing applications. A challenge is to identify such a conductor that also has sharp SPP excitation resonances and the capability to be functionalized for biosensor applications. In this paper we present experimental and theoretical investigations of IR SPPs on doped silicon and their excitation resonances on doped-silicon gratings. The measured complex permittivity spectra for p-type silicon with carrier concentration 6 x 10(19) and 1 x 10(20) cm(-3) show that these materials should support SPPs beyond 11 and 6 mu m wavelengths, …

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Inactivation And Reactivation Of The Mitochondrial Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex, Qingli Shi, Hui Xu, Haiqiang Yu, Nawei Zhang, Yaozu Ye, Alvaro G. Estevez, Haiteng Deng, Gary E. Gibson Jan 2011

Inactivation And Reactivation Of The Mitochondrial Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex, Qingli Shi, Hui Xu, Haiqiang Yu, Nawei Zhang, Yaozu Ye, Alvaro G. Estevez, Haiteng Deng, Gary E. Gibson

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Reduced brain metabolism is an invariant feature of Alzheimer Disease (AD) that is highly correlated to the decline in brain functions. Decreased activities of key tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle enzymes may underlie this abnormality and are highly correlated to the clinical state of the patient. The activity of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC), an arguably rate-limiting enzyme of the TCA cycle, declines with AD, but the mechanism of inactivation and whether it can be reversed remains unknown. KGDHC consists of multiple copies of three subunits. KGDHC is sensitive to oxidative stress, which is pervasive in AD brain. The present …

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A Novel Three-Protein Complex Regulates In Vitro Vtv-Golgi Fusion, S. A. Siddiqi, E. Nafi-Valencia, S. Siddiqi, A. Rahim Jan 2011

A Novel Three-Protein Complex Regulates In Vitro Vtv-Golgi Fusion, S. A. Siddiqi, E. Nafi-Valencia, S. Siddiqi, A. Rahim

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

No abstract provided.

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A Selenium-Dependent Xanthine Dehydrogenase Triggers Biofilm Proliferation In Enterococcus Faecalis Through Oxidant Production, Milan Srivastava, Chris Mallard, Theresa Barke, Lynn E. Hancock, William T. Self Jan 2011

A Selenium-Dependent Xanthine Dehydrogenase Triggers Biofilm Proliferation In Enterococcus Faecalis Through Oxidant Production, Milan Srivastava, Chris Mallard, Theresa Barke, Lynn E. Hancock, William T. Self

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Selenium has been shown to be present as a labile cofactor in a small class of molybdenum hydroxylase enzymes in several species of clostridia that specialize in the fermentation of purines and pyrimidines. This labile cofactor is poorly understood, yet recent bioinformatic studies have suggested that Enterococcus faecalis could serve as a model system to better understand the way in which this enzyme cofactor is built and the role of these metalloenzymes in the physiology of the organism. An mRNA that encodes a predicted selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylase (SDMH) has also been shown to be specifically increased during the transition from …

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A Therapeutic Chemical Chaperone Inhibits Cholera Intoxication And Unfolding/Translocation Of The Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit, Michael Taylor, Tuhina Banerjee, Fernando Navarro-Garcia, Jazmin Huerta, Shane Massey, Mansfield Burlingame, Abhay H. Pande, Suren A. Tatulian, Ken Teter Jan 2011

A Therapeutic Chemical Chaperone Inhibits Cholera Intoxication And Unfolding/Translocation Of The Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit, Michael Taylor, Tuhina Banerjee, Fernando Navarro-Garcia, Jazmin Huerta, Shane Massey, Mansfield Burlingame, Abhay H. Pande, Suren A. Tatulian, Ken Teter

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Cholera toxin (CT) travels as an intact AB(5) protein toxin from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of an intoxicated cell. In the ER, the catalytic A1 subunit dissociates from the rest of the toxin. Translocation of CTA1 from the ER to the cytosol is then facilitated by the quality control mechanism of ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Thermal instability in the isolated CTA1 subunit generates an unfolded toxin conformation that acts as the trigger for ERAD-mediated translocation to the cytosol. In this work, we show by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy that exposure to 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) inhibited the …

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Protein-Disulfide Isomerase Displaces The Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit From The Holotoxin Without Unfolding The A1 Subunit, Michael Taylor, Tuhina Banerjee, Supriyo Ray, Suren A. Tatulian, Ken Teter Jan 2011

Protein-Disulfide Isomerase Displaces The Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit From The Holotoxin Without Unfolding The A1 Subunit, Michael Taylor, Tuhina Banerjee, Supriyo Ray, Suren A. Tatulian, Ken Teter

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Protein-disulfide isomerase (PDI) has been proposed to exhibit an "unfoldase" activity against the catalytic A1 subunit of cholera toxin (CT). Unfolding of the CTA1 subunit is thought to displace it from the CT holotoxin and to prepare it for translocation to the cytosol. To date, the unfoldase activity of PDI has not been demonstrated for any substrate other than CTA1. An alternative explanation for the putative unfoldase activity of PDI has been suggested by recent structural studies demonstrating that CTA1 will unfold spontaneously upon its separation from the holotoxin at physiological temperature. Thus, PDI may simply dislodge CTA1 from the …

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Interpretations Of Pre-Hispanic Ritual Violence At Tucume, Peru, From Cut Mark Analysis, J. Marla Toyne Jan 2011

Interpretations Of Pre-Hispanic Ritual Violence At Tucume, Peru, From Cut Mark Analysis, J. Marla Toyne

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Archaeological residues of ritual are often ephemeral, and reconstructing the dynamics of performed actions that create deposits can be difficult. Rituals associated with the dead are common across many cultures since all human,groups have specific means of disposing of corpses. Evidence of peri- and postmortem manipulation of human remains,such as cutting. dismemberment, or disarticulation can provide details of the sequence of actions performed related to the circumstances surrounding death and the possible social meaning of those behaviors. Cur marks observed on the upper chest and throat of 93 percent of 117 children and men found interred at the Temple oldie …

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Regulation Of The Oncoprotein Klf8 By A Switch Between Acetylation And Sumoylation, Alison M. Urvalek, Heng Lu, Xianhui Wang, Tianshu Li, Lin Yu, Jinghua Zhu, Qishan Lin, Jihe Zhao Jan 2011

Regulation Of The Oncoprotein Klf8 By A Switch Between Acetylation And Sumoylation, Alison M. Urvalek, Heng Lu, Xianhui Wang, Tianshu Li, Lin Yu, Jinghua Zhu, Qishan Lin, Jihe Zhao

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

KLF8 regulates target genes by recruiting the p300 and PCAF co-activators via glutamines (Q) 118 and 248, the CtBP co-repressor to 86PVDLS90 or SUMO to lysine (K) 67. Here we examined how these interactions coordinate to regulate KLF8 transactivity. Mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitations determined that p300 and/or PCAF promoted KLF8 acetylation at K67, K93, and K95 and this acetylation was abolished in lysine-to-arginine (R) mutants. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors or expression of co-activators inhibited sumoylation at K67. K93R or K95R mutation exerted high levels of sumoylation while the acetylation mimetic mutations K93Q and K95Q blocked the sumoylation. Interestingly, CtBP promoted …

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Professional School Counselors' Perspectives On The Effects Of Military Parental Deployment On School Aged Children And Adolescents, Cheryl G. Mccloud Jan 2011

Professional School Counselors' Perspectives On The Effects Of Military Parental Deployment On School Aged Children And Adolescents, Cheryl G. Mccloud

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative study used an exploratory phenomenological approach to examine professional school counselors‘ perspectives on the effects of military parental deployment on school aged children and adolescents. The voices of school counselors who work with military connected children are absent from the literature. The research site was a professional counseling conference in Germany in the fall of 2010. Participants consisted of 12 professional school counselors who work with school-aged children and adolescents who have experienced parental military deployment. Participants adopted pseudonyms though several indicated an affiliation with Department of Defense Dependent Schools (DODDS) and therefore offered their unique perspectives as …

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Electromagnetic Propagation Anomalies In Waveguiding Structures And Scattering Systems, Alessandro Salandrino Jan 2011

Electromagnetic Propagation Anomalies In Waveguiding Structures And Scattering Systems, Alessandro Salandrino

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effects related to diffraction and interference are ubiquitous in phenomena involving electromagnetic wave propagation, and are accurately predicted and described within the framework of classical electrodynamics. In the vast majority of the cases the qualitative features of the evolution of a propagating wave can be inferred even without detailed calculations. A field distribution will spread upon propagation, will accumulate phase along the direction of power flow, will exert mechanical forces upon scattering objects in the direction of propagation etc. When such predictions fail, counterintuitive effects and new functionalities can be engineered. In this work a series of exceptional cases …

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Stable Carbon And Nitrogen Isotope Analyses Of Subfossil Rats From Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia), Kelly C. Anderson Jan 2011

Stable Carbon And Nitrogen Isotope Analyses Of Subfossil Rats From Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia), Kelly C. Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research study investigated the level of bone collagen preservation of rat femora from Liang Bua cave on the island of Flores, Indonesia, as well as conducted carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic analyses on well preserved samples. Although Flores is located in a hot intermediate tropical zone and the burial environment of the bone samples within the cave is considered less than optimal for collagen preservation, significant preservation of the bone collagen was found. Collagen yields, C:N ratio and carbon and nitrogen concentrations were investigated. However, this research study argues that carbon and nitrogen concentrations are an appropriate means to …

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