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The Paths Less Traveled: Movement Of Gopher Tortoises Along Roads And Railways, Rhett Rautsaw Jan 2017

The Paths Less Traveled: Movement Of Gopher Tortoises Along Roads And Railways, Rhett Rautsaw

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Urbanization and an expanding human population have led to a large degree of habitat destruction and fragmentation. These, in turn, reduce biodiversity and wildlife population sizes on a global scale. Transportation infrastructure, such as roads and railways, are some of the largest contributors to habitat fragmentation. Roads are well-established to negatively impact wildlife, but some studies suggest a potential use in habitat connectivity by functioning as wildlife corridors to connect distant populations. Railways are similarly known to impact wildlife by increasing mortality rates as well as provide unique risks such as electrocution and entrapment when compared to roads. However, the …

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Two-Component Covalent Inhibitors (Tcci) Of The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase (Hiv-Rt), Carlos Ledezma Jan 2017

Two-Component Covalent Inhibitors (Tcci) Of The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase (Hiv-Rt), Carlos Ledezma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The traditional design of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI's) involves the synthesis of chain-terminated nucleoside analogs. HIV-RT has relatively low fidelity which facilitates mutations that confer resistance towards NRTI's, also, drug promiscuity from NRTI's result in various side-effects that lead to poor patient adherence to treatment. We designed and tested two-component covalent inhibitors against HIV-RT. Our inhibitor design results in higher specificity due to its binary approach, which has previously been used in biosensing applications, where both components are necessary for therapeutic effect, and lower chances for mutagenesis because of its inhibitory action. The TCCI approach results in up to …

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The Impact Of Automation And Stress On Human Performance In Uav Operation, Jinchao Lin Jan 2017

The Impact Of Automation And Stress On Human Performance In Uav Operation, Jinchao Lin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The United States Air Force (USAF) has increasing needs for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operators. Automation may enable a single operator to manage multiple UAVs at the same time. Multi-UAV operation may require a unique set of skills and the need for new operators calls for targeting new populations for recruitment. The objective of this research is to develop a simulation environment for studying the role of individual differences in UAV operation under different task configurations and investigate predictors of performance and stress. Primarily, the study examined the impact of levels of automation (LOAs), as well as task demands, on …

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The Effects Of Sprint Interval Training And Maturity Status On Metabolic And Neuromuscular Fatigue Thresholds In Adolescents, Kyle Beyer Jan 2017

The Effects Of Sprint Interval Training And Maturity Status On Metabolic And Neuromuscular Fatigue Thresholds In Adolescents, Kyle Beyer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: To examine the maturity-related differences in the adaptations to systemic and localized fatigue thresholds (FTs) in response to sprint interval training (SIT) amongst adolescent male athletes. Methods: Twenty-seven adolescent male athletes, 11-17 years of age, completed pre-testing, six weeks of SIT, and post-testing. Participants were grouped according to their number of years from peak height velocity (PHV), an estimation of somatic maturity status, into PRE ( < -1.5yr), PERI (between -1.5 to +1.5yr) and POST ( > +1.5yr) PHV groups. Each testing session consisted of a ramp exercise protocol on a cycle ergometer. During the protocol, three systemic FTs, gas exchange threshold, ventilatory threshold, and respiratory compensation point were calculated …

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A Preliminary Assessment Of Steroid Reproductive Hormones In Archaeological Human Hair Utilizing A Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) Technique, Elisha Tisdale Jan 2017

A Preliminary Assessment Of Steroid Reproductive Hormones In Archaeological Human Hair Utilizing A Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) Technique, Elisha Tisdale

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hair has become an invaluable resource in forensic, clinical, and bioarchaeological research. The unique interaction between the growing hair fiber, the hair follicle, and the endocrine system inundates the growing hair fiber with an incremental record of many of the discreet physiological processes of the body. Recently, a novel study by Webb et al. (2010) demonstrated that endogenous records of cortisol, the "stress hormone", are capable of being extracted from archaeological human hair through a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, thus providing insight into the "invisible" stress experiences of an individual that would otherwise not be detectable through skeletal …

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A Deoxyribozyme Sensor And Isothermal Amplification For Human Sex Determination, Alexandra Smith Jan 2017

A Deoxyribozyme Sensor And Isothermal Amplification For Human Sex Determination, Alexandra Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ribozymes are known to catalyze biochemical reactions and behave like enzymes. They are naturally occurring and have very diverse functions within a cell. After investigating ribozymes that next step was to find if DNA can exhibit the same characteristics since RNA and DNA only differ by a ribose 2'-hydroxyl group. This evolution in curiosity gave rise to artificial DNA enzymes that can catalyze certain reactions and have been created by in vitro selection methods. Due to the ability to manipulate and control DNA hybridization, the deoxyribozyme is advantageous to the field of molecular diagnostics. Other hybridization probes like Taqman for …

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Chaperonin Containing Tcp1 (Cct) As A Target For Cancer Therapy, Ana Carr Jan 2017

Chaperonin Containing Tcp1 (Cct) As A Target For Cancer Therapy, Ana Carr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Treatments for aggressive cancers like triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have not improved and remain associated with debilitating side effects. There is an unmet medical need for better, druggable targets and improved therapeutics. To this end, we investigated the role of Chaperonin-Containing TCP1 (CCT), an evolutionarily conserved protein-folding complex composed of eight subunits (CCT1-8), in oncogenesis. Our laboratory was the first to report that the CCT2 subunit is highly expressed in breast cancer and could be therapeutically targeted. To determine whether CCT is a marker of disease progression in other cancers, we analyzed CCT2 gene …

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Novel Cytokine Signaling And Molecular Therapeutic Strategy In Pancreatic Cancer, Sarah Gitto Jan 2017

Novel Cytokine Signaling And Molecular Therapeutic Strategy In Pancreatic Cancer, Sarah Gitto

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly chemo-resistant and has a five year survival rate of < 8%. Risk factors of pancreatic cancer, such as chronic pancreatitis, help to elicit a pro-tumor immune response, and highly fibrotic environment that promotes tumorigenesis. To study how chronic pancreatitis promotes cancer initiation, traditional KRasG12D mice and double mutant Akt1Myr/KrasG12D mice were used to model microenvironment changes. Akt1Myr/KrasG12D mice were more susceptible to chronic tissue damage, accelerated tumor development and metastatic disease. These mice exhibited histological changes consistent with immune cell privilege, where M2 macrophages and non-cytotoxic eosinophils were co-localized with fibrotic regions. IL-5 expression was up regulated in pancreatic cells undergoing acinar to ductal metaplasia and then diminished in advanced lesions. Tumor cells treated with IL-5 exhibit increased migration and activation through STAT5 signaling. Collectively, the results suggest that eosinophils, which are responsive to IL-5, are key mediators in the pancreatic environment subjected to chronic inflammation and injury. Current therapeutics fall short in increasing patient survival. There remains an urgent need for innovative treatments and thus we tested difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) in combination with a novel polyamine transport inhibitor, Trimer44NMe, against Gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells. Prior clinical failures when targeting polyamine biosynthesis with DFMO monotherapy may be due to tumor escape via an undefined polyamine transport system. In pancreatic tumor cells DFMO alone and with Trimer44NMe significantly reduced PDAC cell viability by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. In vivo orthotopic PDAC growth with DFMO treatment resulted in decreased c-Myc expression, a readout of polyamine pathway dysfunction. Moreover, dual inhibition significantly prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice, and increased M1 macrophage infiltration and reduced FoxP3 expression. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that targeting polyamine pathways in PDAC is a promising immunomodulating therapy that increases survival.

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A Universal Electrochemical Biosensor For The Detection Of Nucleic Acids Based On A Four-Way Junction Structure, Dawn Mills Jan 2017

A Universal Electrochemical Biosensor For The Detection Of Nucleic Acids Based On A Four-Way Junction Structure, Dawn Mills

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Electrochemical hybridization sensors have been explored extensively for analysis of specific nucleic acids. However, commercialization of the platform is hindered by the need for attachment of separate oligonucleotide probes complementary to a RNA or DNA target to an electrode's surface. This dissertation demonstrates that a single probe can be used to analyze several nucleic acid targets of different lengths with high selectivity, low cost and can be regenerated in 30 seconds by a simple water rinse. The universal electrochemical four-way junction (4J)-forming (UE4J) sensor consists of a universal DNA stem-loop (USL) probe attached to the electrode's surface and two adaptor …

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Harnessing Spatial Intensity Fluctuations For Optical Imaging And Sensing, Milad Akhlaghi Bouzan Jan 2017

Harnessing Spatial Intensity Fluctuations For Optical Imaging And Sensing, Milad Akhlaghi Bouzan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Properties of light such as amplitude and phase, temporal and spatial coherence, polarization, etc. are abundantly used for sensing and imaging. Regardless of the passive or active nature of the sensing method, optical intensity fluctuations are always present! While these fluctuations are usually regarded as noise, there are situations where one can harness the intensity fluctuations to enhance certain attributes of the sensing procedure. In this thesis, we developed different sensing methodologies that use statistical properties of optical fluctuations for gauging specific information. We examine this concept in the context of three different aspects of computational optical imaging and sensing. …

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Network Partitioning In Distributed Agent-Based Models, Antoniya Petkova Jan 2017

Network Partitioning In Distributed Agent-Based Models, Antoniya Petkova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Agent-Based Models (ABMs) are an emerging simulation paradigm for modeling complex systems, comprised of autonomous, possibly heterogeneous, interacting agents. The utility of ABMs lies in their ability to represent such complex systems as self-organizing networks of agents. Modeling and understanding the behavior of complex systems usually occurs at large and representative scales, and often obtaining and visualizing of simulation results in real-time is critical. The real-time requirement necessitates the use of in-memory computing, as it is difficult and challenging to handle the latency and unpredictability of disk accesses. Combining this observation with the scale requirement emphasizes the need to use …

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Linking Climate Change And Socio-Economic Impact For Long-Term Urban Growth In Three Mega-Cities, Qi Lu Jan 2017

Linking Climate Change And Socio-Economic Impact For Long-Term Urban Growth In Three Mega-Cities, Qi Lu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Urbanization has become a global trend under the impact of population growth, socio-economic development, and globalization. However, the interactions between climate change and urban growth in the context of economic geography are unclear due to missing links in between the recent planning megacities. This study aims to conduct a multi-temporal change analysis of land use and land cover in New York City, City of London, and Beijing using a cellular automata-based Markov chain model collaborating with fuzzy set theory and multi-criteria evaluation to predict the city's future land use changes for 2030 and 2050 under the background of climate change. …

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Biological Nutrient Removal (Bnr) Process Optimization And Recovery Of Embedded Energy Using Biodiesel By-Product, Sultan Salamah Jan 2017

Biological Nutrient Removal (Bnr) Process Optimization And Recovery Of Embedded Energy Using Biodiesel By-Product, Sultan Salamah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) as well as biological nitrogen removal require a carbon source to be carried out. Volatile fatty acid (VFAs) (mainly acetic and propionic acids) are the major driving force for EBPR. Many domestic wastewaters have an insufficient amount of VFAs. However, carbon sources such as acetic and propionic acids can be produced using primary solids fermentation process. Due to the cost of VFA production, an external carbon source can be added to the biological nutrient removal (BNR) system that can be fermented to provide the desired VFAs. Glycerol (biodiesel by-product) offers a solution to reduce carbon …

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Redox-Active Solid State Materials And Its Biomedical And Biosensing Applications, Ankur Gupta Jan 2017

Redox-Active Solid State Materials And Its Biomedical And Biosensing Applications, Ankur Gupta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of physiological processes in human body, and strengthened production of ROS is known to cause acute conditions such as inflammation, aging, Alzheimer's disease, melanoma and ovarian cancer, fibrosis and multiple sclerosis. Therefore, early detection of ROS at nanomolar concentration (at cellular level) and developing more potent antioxidants is essential for regular health monitoring. As an example, ROS are also responsible for inflammation reactions at orthopedic implants-tissue interface triggered by wear debris. Inflammation induced by ROS results in revision surgery. Coatings of redox-active materials exhibiting antioxidant properties on implants have potential to mitigate the inflammation …

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Learning Kernel-Based Approximate Isometries, Mahlagha Sedghi Jan 2017

Learning Kernel-Based Approximate Isometries, Mahlagha Sedghi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The increasing availability of public datasets offers an inexperienced opportunity to conduct data-driven studies. Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling aims to find a low-dimensional embedding of the data, preserving the pairwise dissimilarities amongst the data points in the original space. Along with the visualizability, this dimensionality reduction plays a pivotal role in analyzing and disclosing the hidden structures in the data. This work introduces Sparse Kernel-based Least Squares Multi-Dimensional Scaling approach for exploratory data analysis and, when desirable, data visualization. We assume our embedding map belongs to a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space of vector-valued functions which allows for embeddings of previously unseen …

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End To End Brain Fiber Orientation Estimation Using Deep Learning, Nandakishore Puttashamachar Jan 2017

End To End Brain Fiber Orientation Estimation Using Deep Learning, Nandakishore Puttashamachar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this work, we explore the various Brain Neuron tracking techniques, one of the most significant applications of Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Tractography is a non-invasive method to analyze underlying tissue micro-structure. Understanding the structure and organization of the tissues facilitates a diagnosis method to identify any aberrations which can occur within tissues due to loss of cell functionalities, provides acute information on the occurrences of brain ischemia or stroke, the mutation of certain neurological diseases such as Alzheimer, multiple sclerosis and so on. Under all these circumstances, accurate localization of the aberrations in efficient manner can help save a life. …

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Reducing Sulfuric Acid Pretreatment In A Nanofiltration Process Treating Surficial Groundwater, Carlyn Higgins Jan 2017

Reducing Sulfuric Acid Pretreatment In A Nanofiltration Process Treating Surficial Groundwater, Carlyn Higgins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nanofiltration (NF) is a pressure driven membrane process employed in drinking water treatment that requires pretreatment for reliable operation. The objective of this research was to determine if NF membranes can proficiently operate with a decreased or eliminated dose of sulfuric acid pretreatment. When used as pretreatment, sulfuric acid prevents calcium carbonate scaling on NF membranes, yet is costly, hazardous, and imparts high sulfate concentrations to NF feed and concentrate streams. To conduct this research, a 0.324 million gallon per day (MGD) NF pilot plant was operated for 3,855 run-hours at a flux rate of 15 gallons per square foot-day. …

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Learning Dynamic Network Models For Complex Social Systems, Alireza Hajibagheri Jan 2017

Learning Dynamic Network Models For Complex Social Systems, Alireza Hajibagheri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human societies are inherently complex and highly dynamic, resulting in rapidly changing social networks, containing multiple types of dyadic interactions. Analyzing these time-varying multiplex networks with approaches developed for static, single layer networks often produces poor results. To address this problem, our approach is to explicitly learn the dynamics of these complex networks. This dissertation focuses on five problems: 1) learning link formation rates; 2) predicting changes in community membership; 3) using time series to predict changes in network structure; 4) modeling coevolution patterns across network layers and 5) extracting information from negative layers of a multiplex network. To study …

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Water And Energy Costs Of Landfilled Food Waste, Tonmoy Sarker Jan 2017

Water And Energy Costs Of Landfilled Food Waste, Tonmoy Sarker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Energy and water are consumed or contaminated during both the production and disposal of wasted food. To date, evaluations of water and energy resources associated with food waste have considered only resources used in food production. To allow for the full characterization of food waste within a Food Energy Water (FEW) nexus framework, this study addresses a fundamental knowledge gap related to the energy and water impacts of food waste after disposal. Fluxes of water and energy related to disposal of wasted food in landfills within the state of Florida were characterized. It is estimated that each metric ton (Mg) …

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Prototype Development In General Purpose Representation And Association Machine Using Communication Theory, Huihui Li Jan 2017

Prototype Development In General Purpose Representation And Association Machine Using Communication Theory, Huihui Li

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Biological system study has been an intense research area in neuroscience and cognitive science for decades of years. Biological human brain is created as an intelligent system that integrates various types of sensor information and processes them intelligently. Neurons, as activated brain cells help the brain to make instant and rough decisions. From the 1950s, researchers start attempting to understand the strategies the biological system employs, then eventually translate them into machine-based algorithms. Modern computers have been developed to meet our need to handle computational tasks which our brains are not capable of performing with precision and speed. While in …

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Analysis Of Pedestrian Safety Using Micro-Simulation And Driving Simulator, Jiawei Wu Jan 2017

Analysis Of Pedestrian Safety Using Micro-Simulation And Driving Simulator, Jiawei Wu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, traffic agencies have begun to place emphasis on the importance of pedestrian safety. In the United States, nearly 70,000 pedestrians were reported injured in 2015. Although the number only account for 3% of all the people injured in traffic crashes, the number of pedestrian fatalities is still around 15% of total traffic fatalities. Furthermore, the state of Florida has consistently ranked as one of the worst states in terms of pedestrian crashes, injuries and fatalities. Therefore, it is befitting to focus on the pedestrian safety. This dissertation mainly focused on pedestrian safety at both midblock crossings and …

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Analysis Of Dialog Surrounding Animal Testing In Vaccine Research, Natalie Johnson Jan 2017

Analysis Of Dialog Surrounding Animal Testing In Vaccine Research, Natalie Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study analyzed the scholarly discussions surrounding the topic of animal testing for vaccine potency and safety in humans. The primary stakeholders in this discussion are the scientists, medical professionals, and researchers who are involved in animal models and alternative testing methods, specifically related to vaccine development. The debate among these professionals regarding alternative methods, which encompasses any testing approach that does not involve animals, has been analyzed. This project looks at the argument from a historical perspective, which provides background context for the current debate and an understanding of how the current arguments originated. The changing mindset over time …

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The Relationship Between Participation In Tutoring And Accountability Outcomes In Three Urban Middle Schools, Pamela Rajadhyax Jan 2017

The Relationship Between Participation In Tutoring And Accountability Outcomes In Three Urban Middle Schools, Pamela Rajadhyax

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This quantitative study was conducted to determine the relationship between participation in a school based tutoring and change in accountability measures on the Florida Standards Assessment (FSA) in Mathematics and English Language Arts (ELA) in the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 school years. The research was designed to determine the impact of participation in tutoring for urban middle school students. All students who attended one of the three urban middle schools and participated in the administration of FSA for mathematics or ELA in both the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 school years were divided into two groups: students who participated in school based tutoring …

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The Frequency Of The Twelve Verb Tenses In History Papers Written By University Native Writers, Bushra Qahtani Jan 2017

The Frequency Of The Twelve Verb Tenses In History Papers Written By University Native Writers, Bushra Qahtani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to the variety and complexity of verb tenses in English, English as a Second Language (ESL) / English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners often experience difficulty in mastering English verb tense system. This corpus-based study was conducted to ascertain the most frequently used verb tenses by English native speakers (NSs), specifically in their academic writing in a history course. As this study aimed to examine the naturally-occurring language produced by NSs, specifically in their academic writing, an original corpus of 101,713 words was assembled. The corpus consisted of 130 research papers written by 65 students. The corpus was …

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The Effect Of Speech Elicitation Method On Second Language Phonemic Accuracy, Nicole Carrasquel Jan 2017

The Effect Of Speech Elicitation Method On Second Language Phonemic Accuracy, Nicole Carrasquel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study, a One-Group Posttest-Only Repeated-Measures Design, examined the effect of speech elicitation method on second language (L2) phonemic accuracy of high functional load initial phonemes found in frequently occurring nouns in American English. This effect was further analyzed by including the variable of first language (L1) to determine if L1 moderated any effects found. The data consisted of audio recordings of 61 adult English learners (ELs) enrolled in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses at a large, public, post-secondary institution in the United States. Phonemic accuracy was judged by two independent raters as either approximating a standard American …

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All My (Almost) Children: Rawlings's Ambivalence About Motherhood And Adoption, Lisa Kerr Dunn Jan 2017

All My (Almost) Children: Rawlings's Ambivalence About Motherhood And Adoption, Lisa Kerr Dunn

The Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature

No abstract provided.

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Vol Xxv (2017) Jan 2017

Vol Xxv (2017)

The Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature

No abstract provided.

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Climate Change And The Evolution Of Insect Immune Function, Danae Perry Jan 2017

Climate Change And The Evolution Of Insect Immune Function, Danae Perry

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Insects are ectothermic organisms that have physiological, behavioral and life-history traits directly influenced by their environment. Investigations have shown that many insects use melanin to permanently darken their cuticles in cooler or drier climates to improve thermoregulation and desiccation resistance. Melanin is a major component of pathogen defense in insects. This suggests that environmentally driven adaptive changes in cuticular melanin may non-adaptively shape insect immune function. This hypothesis has been referred to as climate-related Cuticle Dependent Immune Investment (climate-related CDII). Climate-related CDII also suggests that a warming climate could lead to the evolution of a weakened melanin-based immune response due …

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Downregulation In Ifngr1 Increases Suspectiblity To Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Infection In Crohn's Disease, Zin Mar Htun Jan 2017

Downregulation In Ifngr1 Increases Suspectiblity To Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Infection In Crohn's Disease, Zin Mar Htun

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and has been associated with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). MAP has been detected in stool, tissue and blood samples from patients with CD. Gamma interferon (γ-IFN) is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in killing intracellular pathogens like MAP, and its receptor (IFNGR1) mutations cause immunodeficiency and severe disseminated mycobacterial infections. The role of MAP in association with IFNGR1 mutation in CD patients have not been investigated. METHODS: In this study, we investigated blood samples of 79 human subjects for MAP infection in association with IFNGR1 gene …

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Discovery And Characterization Of Novel Antimicrobials Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Carolina Rodrigues Felix Jan 2017

Discovery And Characterization Of Novel Antimicrobials Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Carolina Rodrigues Felix

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tuberculosis disease is currently a global health emergency, causing the most deaths worldwide due a single infectious agent. Eradication of TB is hampered by lack of an effective vaccine and poor treatment options. During infection, host-derived cues such as hypoxia and starvation induce Mycobacterium tuberculosis to halt replication and become dormant, which leads to tolerance to front-line antibiotics used in the TB treatment. This dormant phenotype causes delayed clearance of M. tuberculosis, therefore a long treatment time is required for stable cure without relapse. Poor patient compliance increases the emergence of drug resistant strains, posing yet another challenge for the …

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