Digital Commons Network^™

War Comes To San Marcos, Lawrence Kinnaird

Florida Historical Quarterly

Of all the military posts established by Spain in West Florida after the Revolutionary War, San Marcos de Apalache was the only one ever to come under enemy fire. When Spain signed the treaty of San Ildefonso on August 19, 1796, and joined France in the war against Britain, military posts on the Mississippi were prepared for possible attack from Canada. There were many alarms, but all proved false. Along the Gulf coast no Spanish post was besieged by the enemy until war was brought to San Marcos by William Augustus Bowles, a British half-pay officer, and his Indian supporters.

Immigrant Women In Tampa: The Italian Experience, 1890-1930, Gary R. Mormino

Florida Historical Quarterly

The historical study of women, particularly immigrant women, has advanced dramatically over the past decade. Recent scholarship has rescued from neglect a great deal of historical material and has placed in clearer perspective the important roles played by women in American society. Ultimately, women’s history will be fully integrated into the pageantry of the American experience. Sufficient specialized studies to accomplish this goal, however, do not yet exist. More regional and local investigations detailing the histories of women in many different locations, time periods, and life situations are required.

Florida Seminoles And The Census Of 1900, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

One of the most persistent problems confronting historians dealing with the Seminole Indians in Florida during the late-nineteenth century has been a paucity of reliable population data. In the first four decades of the modern tribal era, the years following cessation of the Third Seminole War in 1858, there was only one attempt at a comprehensive account of Florida Seminoles. That was a survey conducted in the winter of 1880-1881 by Clay MacCauley for the Smithsonian Institution, which yielded what has become the generally accepted base line population figures. He found 208 Seminoles residing in the state, the unhappy remnant …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

LA POBLACION DE LUISIANA ESPANOLA (1763-1803), by Antonio Acosta Rodríguez, reviewed by Paul E. Hoffman; FIFTY YEARS OF PLEASURE: THE ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF PUBLIX SUPER MARKETS, INC., by Pat Watters, reviewed by Charlton W. Tebeau; ARCHEOLOGY AND A SCIENCE OF MAN, by Wilfred T. Neill, reviewed by John W. Griffin; DISCOVERING AMERICA, 1700-1875, by Henry Savage, Jr., reviewed by Richard A. Bartlett; THE PAPERS OF HENRY LAURENS, VOLUME SEVEN: AUG. 1, 1769-OCT. 9, 1771, edited by George C. Rogers, Jr., David R. Chestnutt, and Peggy J. Clark, reviewed by Richard Walsh; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789, VOLUME 4: MAY …

Federal Schools And Acculturation Among The Florida Seminoles, 1927-1954, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Great Depression of the 1930s would bring incalculable hardship to thousands of Floridians of all races. Actually, the state’s economy had been in constant decline since the late twenties when the excessive speculation of the land boom led to a spectacular “bust,” aided in no small part by a pair of devastating hurricanes occurring only two years apart. Thus, the southernmost state preceded the nation into the economic abyss. As is generally true in such periods of national economic decline, ethnic and linguistic minorities bore the brunt of unemployment and privation. In Florida, one of the groups most adversely …

Teaching Young Dual Language Learners: A Critical Review Of The Strengths And Limitations Presented In Alanís And Colleagues’ 2021 Book, The Essentials: Supporting Dual Language Learners In Diverse Environments In Preschool & Kindergarten, Jessica Summers

Journal of English Learner Education

The increase in dual language learners (DLLs) in the United States is shifting the way many districts, schools, and individual educators approach teaching and learning in order to better meet the needs of emergent bilinguals. Iliana Alanís, María G. Arreguín, and Irasema Salinas-González’s wrote The essentials: Supporting dual language learners in diverse environments in preschool and kindergarten (2021) to help early childhood educators, administrators, and instructional coaches understand guiding principles of bilingual education and implement evidence-based practices for working with young DLLs. This book review highlights five strengths and provides three critiques.

Bilingual Refugee-Background Student Resilience, Meta-Linguistic Awareness, And Pride In Bilingual Skills, Tunde Szecsi Dr., Debra Giambo, Rachel Bledsoe Bass, William Buchanan

Journal of English Learner Education

This qualitative phenomenological study sought to explore the experiences of emergent bilingual refugee-background [1] students in Florida and their self-perceptions as bilingual learners. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with seven participants learning English both in-person and virtually in high school or adult education programs during the pandemic. The researchers completed content analysis individually and, in subsequent collaboration, identified patterns, and themes. Findings indicated that students took pride in their bilingual skills, demonstrated metalinguistic awareness, and were resilient and proactive learners with strong determination to succeed in the new country. The following recommendations for teachers are offered: (1) building …

Teachers Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Students And Effective Professional Development: A Critical Review Of Research, Irish Farley

Journal of English Learner Education

Effective Professional Development (PD) is essential for teachers of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CLD) students. Despite the continuing increase of diversity of students, teachers are underinformed with best practices for teaching and support. Many good teachers may not know how to best support CLD students. In 2018, the National Center for Education Statistics reported that only 44% of surveyed teachers who had at least one CLD student in their classroom received professional development specifically for working with these students. This review of the literature covers two distinct but related topics: why teachers of CLD students need more PD and what …

Early Childhood Family Education: Language And Pre-Academic Skills For Latinx Dual Language Learners, Katherine B. Green, Robert A. Griffin, Chelsea T. Morris, Mary Alice Varga

Journal of English Learner Education

This study describes the effectiveness of an early childhood family education (ECFE) program built on a two-generation and strengths-based model to support dual language learners (DLLs) and their families. The researchers investigated the extent to which participation in the ECFE program influenced adult caregivers (n = 15) and the preschool-aged Latinx DLLs (n = 32) who participated, specifically regarding change related to the children’s language and literacy skills and pre-academic skills, families’ perceptions of their home literacy environments, caregivers’ perceptions of their own literacy skills, and caregivers’ actions regarding early literacy at home. Findings were robust and revealed …

Planning For Instruction Using A Language-Based Approach To Content Instruction For Multilingual Learners, Luciana C. De Oliveira, Destini Braxton, Jia Gui

Journal of English Learner Education

This article briefly describes a language-based approach to content instruction (LACI), an approach to content instruction for multilingual learners in general education classrooms that incorporates six Cs of support for scaffolding. The authors provide examples of classroom instruction by a fifth-grade teacher who used several elements of LACI in her instruction. A planning guide to assist implementation of these elements is proposed and concrete examples of how to plan for classroom instruction for multilingual learners are included.

Voices From The Sunshine State: Program And Policy Advocates, Ryan W. Pontier, Rosa Castro Feinberg, Arlene Costello

Journal of English Learner Education

As educators, we are engrossed in a world that pushes us to critically examine what is. Particularly in language education, we explore the various theories and practices involved in learning new language(s)—or expanding our linguistic repertoire, depending on your paradigmatic stance. No matter our position—whether it refers to our jobs or to an ideological stance—we are advocates. We are thus challenged to understand our diverse roles as advocates, which, as Foley and Valenzuela (2004) demonstrate, come in many forms.

We expand Staehr Fenner’s (2014) definition of advocacy—working for students’ equitable and excellent education by taking appropriate actions on their …

Private Societies And The Maintenance Of Seminole Tribal Integrity, 1899-1957, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the last quarter of the nineteenth century the Seminole Indians of southern Florida were a relatively independent and prosperous people. The small remnant group which remained in Florida following the Third Seminole War (1855-58), numbering fewer than 200, evaded army efforts to capture them, and they faded away into the fastness of the Everglades and Big Cypress Swamp. For several decades they lived in virtual isolation from the outside world, venturing forth only for occasional trading visits to frontier villages such as Miami, Fort Meade, and Fort Myers. During these years they completed the last stage of an ethnoecologic …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, by J. Leitch Wright, Jr., reviewed by Don Higginbotham; THE FUNNEL OF GOLD, by Mendel Peterson, reviewed by Eugene Lyon; THE SEA SHELL ISLANDS: A HISTORY OF SANIBEL AND CAPTIVA by Elinore M. Dormer, reviewed by E. A. Hammond; THE EDUCATION OF BLACK PEOPLE IN FLORIDA, by J. Irving E. Scott, reviewed by Harry A. Kersey, Jr.; A HISTORY OF THE OLD SOUTH: THE EMERGENCE OF A RELUCTANT NATION, by Clement Eaton, reviewed by George R. Bentley; ORIGINS OF A SOUTHERN MOSAIC: STUDIES OF EARLY CAROLINA AND GEORGIA, by Clarence L. Ver Steeg, reviewed by …

Visit To The Indian Nations: The Diary Of John Hambly, Daniel J. J. Ross

Florida Historical Quarterly

The early years of the second Spanish period in East Florida constituted a time for transition from British to Spanish administration, and for the establishment of relations between the new Spanish regime and its Indian and Georgian neighbors. These adjustments were carried out under the administration of Governor Vicente Manuel de Zéspedes. His successor, Juan Nepomuceno de Quesada, sought to create an intelligence system so as to learn about events and conditions in the South and among the Indians.

Human Behavior In Domestic Environments: Prediction And Applications, Sharare Zehtabian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

A longstanding goal of human behavior science is to model and predict how humans interact with each other or with other systems. Such models are beneficial and have many applications, including designing and implementing assistive technologies, improving users' experiences and quality of life and making better decisions to create public policies. Behavior is highly complex due to uncertainties and a lack of scientific tools to measure it. Hence prediction of human behavior cannot be 100% accurate. However, prediction is also not hopeless because the biological needs, as well as cultural conventions (for instance, regarding meal times) set the general patterns …

Machine Learning Techniques For Topic Detection And Authorship Attribution In Textual Data, Fereshteh Jafariakinabad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The unprecedented expansion of user-generated content in recent years demands more attempts of information filtering in order to extract high-quality information from the huge amount of available data. In this dissertation, we begin with a focus on topic detection from microblog streams, which is the first step toward monitoring and summarizing social data. Then we shift our focus to the authorship attribution task, which is a sub-area of computational stylometry. It is worth mentioning that determining the style of a document is orthogonal to determining its topic, since the document features which capture the style are mainly independent of its …

Using Expectation Violation Theory To Evaluate Dialectal Bias In Courtroom Contexts, Christina Joseph

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

There is much evidence to indicate the role of speaker accent expectations and its impacts on the subsequent rating of the speaker. Additionally, examples including the Central Park Five as well as Rachel Jeantel of the Trayvon Martin case indicate the impacts of this speaker rating particularly in the context of the courtroom. This necessitates the further evaluation of the impact of dialectal bias on speaker ratings especially in the context of a courtroom due to the severity of the impacts. Utilizing a 4x2 between subjects experimental design manipulating on the basis of both dialect and speaker expectation, this study …

Bringing Instagram Posts Into Being: A Study Of Fyc Students' Self-Sponsored Posting Practices And Transfer Opportunities, Jessica Kester

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Social media platforms have offered students—and all of us—more opportunities for self-sponsored writing. In response to calls from researchers to explore students' 21st-century writing practices and their relevance to college writing instruction, this dissertation articulated and applied a feminist teacher research methodology and a mixed-methods research design to explore first-year composition (FYC) students' self-sponsored writing practices, attitudes, and transfer opportunities on a popular, albeit under-examined, social media application: Instagram. This study found that students have developed elaborate, rhetorical, multimodal composing processes that include planning, drafting, evaluating, selecting, and styling images as well as planning, drafting/revising, and styling captions. Additionally, though …

Blacks In British East Florida, J. Leitch Wright, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Blacks began arriving in Spanish Florida in the early sixteenth century soon after the appearance of Europeans, and from that point on they constituted a significant minority of the population, if not an absolute majority. During the British era, 1763-1784, blacks outnumbered whites. Except for rare instances, scholars interested in Negro history at any time during Florida’s lengthy colonial era will search in vain for published books and articles. A stroll 200 years ago through rice and indigo fields and through sugar houses of St. Johns River plantations or a visit to St. Augustine’s public market on the plaza and …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

HIBERNIA: THE UNRETURNING TIDE, by Margaret Seton Fleming Biddle, reviewed by Dena Snodgrass; BEYOND THE FOURTH GENERATION, by Lamar Johnson, reviewed by Charlton W. Tebeau; FLORIDA FROM SECESSION TO SPACE AGE, by Merlin G. Cox and J. E. Dovell, reviewed by Dorothy Dodd; SPAIN: THE RISE OF THE FIRST WORLD POWER, by John Fraser Ramsey, reviewed by Donald E. Worcester; PEDRO DE LA TORRE: DOCTOR TO CONQUERORS, by John Tate Lanning, reviewed by Irving A. Leonard; BRITISH MAPS OF COLONIAL AMERICA, by William P. Cumming, reviewed by Louis De Vorsey, Jr.; BLACK MAJORITY: NEGROES IN COLONIAL SOUTH CAROLINA, FROM 1670 …

Book Notes, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Spanish-Indian Relations In Florida, 1602-1675: Some Aspects Of Selected Visitas, Fred Lamar Pearson, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The visita or inspection was an institution which dated back at least to the Egyptians and Persians. Spain, in particular, employed the investigation most efficiently to increase royal authority by acquiring political, economic, social, religious, and other types of information. The Laws of the Indies spelled out the form visitations should take. Visitadores, for example, had to announce their purpose upon arrival. They had to begin their work in the principal city of the area under investigation, check on fiscal conditions, and determine in the course of their inquiry whether crown law had been observed. Moreover, the leyes required the …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

RIVER OF THE GOLDEN IBIS, by Gloria Jahoda, reviewed by Frank G. Slaughter; TALES OF OLD BREVARD, by Georgiana Kjerulff, reviewed by Ernest Lyons; HUNTED LIKE A WOLF: THE STORY OF THE SEMINOLE WAR, by Milton Meltzer, reviewed by James W. Covington; FLORIDA PROMOTERS: THE MEN WHO MADE IT BIG, by Charles E. Harner, reviewed by Thomas S. Graham; SUGAR AND SLAVES: THE RISE OF THE PLANTER CLASS IN THE ENGLISH WEST INDIES, 1624-1713, by Richard S. Dunn, reviewed by Robert R. Rea; THE PAPERS OF HENRY LAURENS, VOLUME THREE: JAN. 1, 1759-AUG. 31, 1763, edited by Philip M. Hamer …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida College Teachers of History, State and Local History Awards, Announcements and Activities, Local Societies and Commissions

Book Reviews And Book Notes, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

DE BRAHM’S REPORT OF THE GENERAL SURVEY IN THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT IN NORTH AMERICA, edited by Louis De Vorsey, Jr., reviewed by J. Leitch Wright; ANTE-BELLUM TALLAHASSEE, by Bertram H. Groene, reviewed by Clifton Paisley; A NATURALIST IN SOUTHERN FLORIDA, by Charlotte Orr Gantz, reviewed by Marian Murray; THE FIRST AMERICAN: A STORY OF NORTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY, by C. W. Ceram, reviewed by Charles H. Fairbanks; ECONOMIC BEGINNINGS IN COLONIAL SOUTH CAROLINA, 1670-1730, by Converse D. Clowse, reviewed by John G. Clark; THE REGULATORS IN NORTH CAROLINA: A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY, 1759-1776, edited by William S. Powell, reviewed by North Callahan; …

Apalachee Indians, 1704-1763, James W. Covington

Florida Historical Quarterly

One of Florida’s most tragic incidents occurred when Governor James Moore of South Carolina and his small army composed of 1,000 Indians and fifty whites moved into the Apalachee area of North Florida and laid waste to what had been the center of the Franciscan missions. Accounts of this raid describe the gallant defense made at Ayubale mission by Father Miranda and his neophytes, the defeat of the relief column from San Luis under command of Captain Ruiz Mexia, the torture of captives, the destruction of the Apalachee villages, and the removal of 3,000 or more Apalachees for resettlement in …

Florida History In Periodicals, 1970, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the field of Florida history, archaeology, geography, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1970. Articles, notes, and documents which have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and which were not included in the list published in the July 1970 issue of the Quarterly.

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of: Migliazzo. To Make This Land Our Own: Community, Identity, and Cultural Adaptation in Purrysburg, South Township, South Carolina, 1732-1865. by Ashley E. Moreshead; Brown, ed. Coastal Encounters: The Transformation of the Gulf South in the Eighteenth Century. by Wesley Moody; Feller et. al. The Papers of Andrew Jackson: Volume VII, 1829. by Mark R. Cheathem; Basson. White Enough to Be American: Race Mixing, Indigenous People and the Boundaries of State and Nation. by Robert Cassanello; Colburn. From Yellow Dog Democrats to Red State Republicans: Florida and Politics since 1940. by James B. Crooks; Ellenberg. Mule South to Tractor …

Eating The Claws Of Eden: Stone Crabs, Tourism, And The Taste Of Conservation In Florida And Beyond, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Don't miss the stone crab-it's in season now," counseled Kathryn Loring to her sister before she and her husband made their first trip from Chicago to Florida in February of 1960. Once in Florida, Loring and her husband took her sister's advice, embarking on a self-proclaimed "sea food binge" that included devouring mullet, pompano, New England and Manhattan-style clam chowder, red snapper, shrimp, and, of course, stone crab. They found the "sweet and delectable" claws of stone crab at Hudgins Cafe in West Palm Beach, Florida, where surrounded by other sun-burned tourists they consumed the meat of a crab that …

Exploring Ch’Timi’S History, Structure, And Decline: A Field Study Chez Les Ch’Tis, Felix Balak

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

This research investigated the history of the Ch’timi language and some of the differences between it and Standard French, as well as its decline and what, if anything, is being done to stop it. Ch’timi is a part of the Picard language group, spoken primarily in the north of France, and parts of Belgium. It is an endangered language, and few people still speak it to this day. This field research aims to determine how speakers of the language see it, whether they think it should be preserved, and whether anything is being done to keep it active. To answer …