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Use Of Integrated Training Environments To Sustain Army Warfighting Proficiency In An Era Of Constrained Resources: Understanding What's Required To Win The First Battle Of The Next Conflict, Edward Lerz Jan 2013

Use Of Integrated Training Environments To Sustain Army Warfighting Proficiency In An Era Of Constrained Resources: Understanding What's Required To Win The First Battle Of The Next Conflict, Edward Lerz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research investigates the current state and ability of homestation training infrastructure (TADSS, networks, and facilities) and framework for training (scenarios, databases, and training support packages) to support a Live Virtual Constructive – Integrating Architecture (LVC-IA) delivered Integrated Training Environment (ITE). As combat operations in Central and Southwest Asia come to a close the Army is faced with extreme post-conflict budget cuts and force reductions. Continued evolution of Army training methodology is required to overcome limited resources and maintain force readiness in the anticipated “era of persistent conflict”. A LVC-IA delivered ITE promises to be the next step in the …

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Ozone And Gac Treatment Of A Central Florida Groundwater For Sulfide And Disinfectant By-Product Control, Tara Lamoureux Jan 2013

Ozone And Gac Treatment Of A Central Florida Groundwater For Sulfide And Disinfectant By-Product Control, Tara Lamoureux

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluated the combination of ozone and granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment for the removal of sulfide and disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors in drinking water at the pilot-scale. The research conducted was performed at the Auxiliary (Aux) and Main Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) in Sanford, Florida. Both WTPs rely upon groundwater sources that contain total sulfide ranging from 0.02 to 2.35 mg/L and total organic carbon (TOC) ranging from 0.61 to 2.20 mg/L. The Aux WTP’s raw water contains, on average, 88% more sulfide and 24% more TOC than the Main WTP. Haloacetic acids (HAA5) and total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) …

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The Decorruption: The Making Of A Political Satire, Maria Garcia Jan 2013

The Decorruption: The Making Of A Political Satire, Maria Garcia

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Decorruption is a feature-length fiction film directed by María García, made as part of the requirements for earning a Master of Fine Arts in Entrepreneurial Digital Cinema from the University of Central Florida. The film is a political satire, which tells the story of a country plagued by corruption, where a rebellious government employee discovers that death is the only solution to the problem, so she sets out on a killing spree against the corrupt. The film was produced on a microbudget (under $50,000) level, following the program’s guidelines. It was shot in Ecuador with non-professional actors and a …

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Socio-Economic Influences On The Party Affiliation Of Hispanic Voters, Angelo Montagner Jan 2013

Socio-Economic Influences On The Party Affiliation Of Hispanic Voters, Angelo Montagner

HIM 1990-2015

Voting analysts in the United States have attempted to predict political orientation based on race, gender, occupation, educational achievement, and economic background. Yet, the substantial amount of research available on these factors has been directed toward the understanding of the white-majority vote. Now, as a result of the overwhelming growth of ethnic minority populations scholars are beginning to look at the potential decisive role of ethnic minority voters. Part of this newly formed voting bloc consists of Hispanics which are now one of the fastest and largest racial minority groups in the United States. This thesis aims to understand the …

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Understanding The Capabilities And Limitations Of Advanced Interactive M&S: A Cricothyroidotomy Simulation Case Study, Lillian Campbell-Wynn Jan 2013

Understanding The Capabilities And Limitations Of Advanced Interactive M&S: A Cricothyroidotomy Simulation Case Study, Lillian Campbell-Wynn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Simulation for surgical education and training is increasingly perceived as a valuable contribution to traditional teaching methods providing a structured learning experience. Surgical simulations allow surgeons to practice tactics, techniques and procedures numerous times without the cost, limitations and ethical problems of using cadaver-based models. The goal of this research is to advance the use of modeling and simulation in support of emergency medical training. This research explores questions identified through a case study of two different modeling and simulation techniques – virtual reality and mannequins - in the support of combat emergency medical education and training. To reduce the …

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Outside The Cage: The Political Campaign To Destroy Mixed Martial Arts, Andrew Doeg Jan 2013

Outside The Cage: The Political Campaign To Destroy Mixed Martial Arts, Andrew Doeg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This is an early history of Mixed Martial Arts in America. It focuses primarily on the political campaign to ban the sport in the 1990s and the repercussions that campaign had on MMA itself. Furthermore, it examines the censorship of music and video games in the 1990s. The central argument of this work is that the political campaign to ban Mixed Martial Arts was part of a larger political movement to censor violent entertainment. Connections are shown in the actions and rhetoric of politicians who attacked music, video games and the Ultimate Fighting Championship on the grounds that it glorified …

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The Bane Of Liberty: Opposition To Standing Armies As The Basis Of Antifederalist Thought, Charles Brand Jan 2013

The Bane Of Liberty: Opposition To Standing Armies As The Basis Of Antifederalist Thought, Charles Brand

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The severely neglected subject of Antifederalism is the focal point of this project. As the framing ideology opposed to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, Antifederalism has not been treated with the same historical care as Federalism, the successful and currently operational ideology. This is both an intellectual and ethical mistake that ignores the role that Antifederalism played in procuring the Bill of Rights, and still plays in the sphere of political dissent. The de facto successors to the Revolutionary mentality, Antifederalists took it upon themselves to conclusively secure the American conception of liberty, already wrested from British hands, from …

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I Play To Beat The Machine: Masculinity And The Video Game Industry In The United States, Anne Mcdivitt Jan 2013

I Play To Beat The Machine: Masculinity And The Video Game Industry In The United States, Anne Mcdivitt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the video game industry within the United States from the first game that was created in 1958 until the shift to Japanese dominance of the industry in 1985, and how white, middle class masculinity was reflected through the sphere of video gaming. The first section examines the projections of white, middle class masculinity in U.S. culture and how that affected the types of video games that the developers created. The second section examines reflections of this masculine culture that surrounded video gaming in the 1970s and 1980s in the developers, gamers, and the media, while demonstrating how …

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Measuring Impact: The State Of Nonprofit Evaluation In The Greater Orlando Area, Sara Strickhouser Jan 2013

Measuring Impact: The State Of Nonprofit Evaluation In The Greater Orlando Area, Sara Strickhouser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Research shows that since the mid-1990s funders of the nonprofit sector have significantly increased the sophistication of their reporting requirements. Funders today want agencies to demonstrate beyond outputs and report on outcomes and the impact they have on the communities they serve. Funders are monitoring community impact by requiring more complex reports from the agencies they fund. These changes have meant that agencies must become proficient in data collection, management, and analyses practices in order to accurately respond to funders’ report requests. Nonprofits, however, find these requirements difficult to conceptualize and even more difficult to attain. Managing and analyzing the …

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The Dimensions Of Social Capital, Richard Webster Jan 2013

The Dimensions Of Social Capital, Richard Webster

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study called into question the rationale and methods used by researchers used to measure levels of social capital, particularly Putnam (1995), Paxton (1999), and Park (2006). A central purpose to this study was to partially replicate and extend the work of Park, who theoretically derived four dimensions of social capital. I develop measures of each dimension and then regress each on the variables of age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status, education, income, and religiosity. This created four sets of outcomes from which I drew conclusions about the dimensionality of the social capital concept. Based on the low percentage of …

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Evaluation Of A Digitally Enhanced Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (Ecalc) For Use With Mandated College Students, Abigail Fried Jan 2013

Evaluation Of A Digitally Enhanced Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (Ecalc) For Use With Mandated College Students, Abigail Fried

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Alcohol use has been a longstanding problem on college campuses. Despite the efforts National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and the commissioned Task Force on College Drinking (2002), there has been a recent rise in the number of alcohol related arrests and violations on college campuses. Within the high-risk mandated student population, the most successful programs utilize motivational enhancement strategies, such as the Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students (BASICS). Likely due to financial constraints, an important issue that has been raised is the limited availability of validated methods for alcohol prevention and intervention on college campuses. …

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A Linear Multiplexed Electrospray Thin Film Deposition System, Brandon Lojewski Jan 2013

A Linear Multiplexed Electrospray Thin Film Deposition System, Brandon Lojewski

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Liquid spray is essential to industries requiring processes such as spray coating, spray drying, spray pyrolysis, or spray cooling. This thesis reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of a thin film deposition system which utilizes a linear multiplexed electrospray (LINES) atomizer. First, a thorough review of the advantages and limitations of prior multiplexed electrospray systems leads to discussion of the design rationale for this work. Next, the line of charge model was extended to prescribe the operating conditions for the experiments and to estimate the spray profile. The spray profile was then simulated using a Lagrangian model and solved using …

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Sage Knowledge, Ucf Libraries Jan 2013

Sage Knowledge, Ucf Libraries

Technology Fee Funded Projects

The initial quoted price for UCF based on FTE and other factors was $232,805 for both collections, but after careful negotiations and the opportunity to compete in the Technology Fee process, SAGE has agreed to a 10% discount. The savings of $24,620 make this an exceptional offer.

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The Accelerator, Volume 6 Issue 11, Winter 2013, Christa Santos Jan 2013

The Accelerator, Volume 6 Issue 11, Winter 2013, Christa Santos

The Accelerator

No abstract provided.

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University Of Central Florida Factbook 2012-2013, University Of Central Florida Jan 2013

University Of Central Florida Factbook 2012-2013, University Of Central Florida

Historical Fact Book and Enrollment

Historical fact book and enrollment data for the University of Central Florida.

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Fusionq: A Novel Approach For Gene Fusion Detection And Quantification From Paired-End Rna-Seq, Chenglin Liu, Jinwen Ma, Chung-Che "Jeff" Chang, Xiaobo Zhou Jan 2013

Fusionq: A Novel Approach For Gene Fusion Detection And Quantification From Paired-End Rna-Seq, Chenglin Liu, Jinwen Ma, Chung-Che "Jeff" Chang, Xiaobo Zhou

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: Gene fusions, which result from abnormal chromosome rearrangements, are a pathogenic factor in cancer development. The emerging RNA-Seq technology enables us to detect gene fusions and profile their features. Results: In this paper, we proposed a novel fusion detection tool, FusionQ, based on paired-end RNA-Seq data. This tool can detect gene fusions, construct the structures of chimerical transcripts, and estimate their abundances. To confirm the read alignment on both sides of a fusion point, we employed a new approach, "residual sequence extension", which extended the short segments of the reads by aggregating their overlapping reads. We also proposed a …

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A Passive Wireless Multi-Sensor Saw Technology Device And System Perspectives, Donald C. Malocha, Mark Gallagher, Brian Fisher, James Humphries, Daniel Gallagher, Nikolai Kozlovski Jan 2013

A Passive Wireless Multi-Sensor Saw Technology Device And System Perspectives, Donald C. Malocha, Mark Gallagher, Brian Fisher, James Humphries, Daniel Gallagher, Nikolai Kozlovski

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

This paper will discuss a SAW passive, wireless multi-sensor system under development by our group for the past several years. The device focus is on orthogonal frequency coded (OFC) SAW sensors, which use both frequency diversity and pulse position reflectors to encode the device ID and will be briefly contrasted to other embodiments. A synchronous correlator transceiver is used for the hardware and post processing and correlation techniques of the received signal to extract the sensor information will be presented. Critical device and system parameters addressed include encoding, operational range, SAW device parameters, post-processing, and antenna-SAW device integration. A fully …

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Erythropoietin Is A Jak2 And Erk1/2 Effector That Can Promote Renal Tumor Cell Proliferation Under Hypoxic Conditions, Makito Miyake, Steve Goodison, Adrienne Lawton, Ge Zhang, Evan Gomes-Giacoia, Charles J. Rosser Jan 2013

Erythropoietin Is A Jak2 And Erk1/2 Effector That Can Promote Renal Tumor Cell Proliferation Under Hypoxic Conditions, Makito Miyake, Steve Goodison, Adrienne Lawton, Ge Zhang, Evan Gomes-Giacoia, Charles J. Rosser

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) provides an alternative to transfusion for increasing red blood cell mass and treating anemia in cancer patients. However, recent studies have reported increased adverse events and/or reduced survival in patients receiving both EPO and chemotherapy, potentially related to EPO-induced cancer progression. Additional preclinical studies that elucidate the possible mechanism underlying EPO cellular growth stimulation are needed. Methods: Using commercial tissue microarray (TMA) of a variety of cancers and benign tissues, EPO and EPO receptor immunohistochemical staining was performed. Furthermore using a panel of human renal cells (Caki-1, 786-O, 769-P, RPTEC), in vitro and in vivo experiments were …

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Crippling The Essential Gtpase Der Causes Dependence On Ribosomal Protein L9, Anusha Naganathan, Sean D. Moore Jan 2013

Crippling The Essential Gtpase Der Causes Dependence On Ribosomal Protein L9, Anusha Naganathan, Sean D. Moore

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Ribosomal protein L9 is a component of all eubacterial ribosomes, yet deletion strains display only subtle growth defects. Although L9 has been implicated in helping ribosomes maintain translation reading frame and in regulating translation bypass, no portion of the ribosome-bound protein seems capable of contacting either the peptidyltransferase center or the decoding center, so it is a mystery how L9 can influence these important processes. To reveal the physiological roles of L9 that have maintained it in evolution, we identified mutants of Escherichia coli that depend on L9 for fitness. In this report, we describe a class of L9-dependent mutants …

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Deep Infiltrating Colorectal Endometriosis Treated With Robotic-Assisted Rectosigmoidectomy, Rosa Maria Neme, Vladimir Schraibman, Samuel Okazaki, Gabriel Maccapani, Winston Jenning Chen, Cassia Danielle Domit, Oskar Grau Kaufmann, Arnold P. Advincula Jan 2013

Deep Infiltrating Colorectal Endometriosis Treated With Robotic-Assisted Rectosigmoidectomy, Rosa Maria Neme, Vladimir Schraibman, Samuel Okazaki, Gabriel Maccapani, Winston Jenning Chen, Cassia Danielle Domit, Oskar Grau Kaufmann, Arnold P. Advincula

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background and Objective: Deep infiltrating pelvic endometriosis with bowel involvement is one of the most aggressive forms of endometriosis. Nowadays, robotic technology and telemanipulation systems represent the latest developments in minimally invasive surgery. The aim of this study is to present our preliminary results and evaluate the feasibility of robotic-assisted laparoscopic colorectal resection for severe endometriosis. Methods: Between September 2009 and December 2011, 10 women with colorectal endometriosis underwent surgery with the da Vinci robotic surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). We evaluated the following parameters: short-term complications, clinical outcomes and long-term follow-up, pain relief recurrence rate, and fertility …

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The Role Of The Speech-Language Pathologist In The Schools For The Treatment Of Voice Disorders: Working Within The Framework Of The Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act, Bari Hoffman Ruddy, Vicki Lewis, Christine M. Sapienza Jan 2013

The Role Of The Speech-Language Pathologist In The Schools For The Treatment Of Voice Disorders: Working Within The Framework Of The Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act, Bari Hoffman Ruddy, Vicki Lewis, Christine M. Sapienza

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The role of the speech-language pathologist (SLP) has developed considerably over the past 20 years given the medical and technological advances in life-sustaining procedures. Children born with congenital, surgical, or "medically fragile" conditions become mainstreamed into regular school-based settings, thus extending the traditional role of the treating SLP and multidisciplinary team. Understanding the impact of associated voice disorders on educational performance requires dissemination of additional and important information, as eligibility decisions for students in school-based settings must be made within the framework of the federal legislation and regulations governing the provision of services for students with disabilities. This article discusses …

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Mycobacterial Trehalose Dimycolate Reprograms Macrophage Global Gene Expression And Activates Matrix Metalloproteinases, Kaori Sakamoto, Mi Jeong Kim, Elizabeth R. Rhoades, Rachel E. Allavena, Sabine Ehrt, Helen C. Wainwright, David G. Russell, Kyle H. Rohde Jan 2013

Mycobacterial Trehalose Dimycolate Reprograms Macrophage Global Gene Expression And Activates Matrix Metalloproteinases, Kaori Sakamoto, Mi Jeong Kim, Elizabeth R. Rhoades, Rachel E. Allavena, Sabine Ehrt, Helen C. Wainwright, David G. Russell, Kyle H. Rohde

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) is a cell wall glycolipid and an important virulence factor of mycobacteria. In order to study the role of TDM in the innate immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, microarray analysis was used to examine gene regulation in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages in response to 90-mu m-diameter polystyrene microspheres coated with TDM. A large number of genes, particularly those involved in the immune response and macrophage function, were up-or downregulated in response to these TDM-coated beads compared to control beads. Genes involved in the immune response were specifically upregulated in a myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)-dependent …

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Immunomodulation And T Helper Th1/Th2 Response Polarization By Ceo2 And Tio2 Nanoparticles, Brian C. Schanen, Soumen Das, Christopher M. Reilly, William L. Warren, William T. Self, Sudipta Seal, Donald R. Drake Iii Jan 2013

Immunomodulation And T Helper Th1/Th2 Response Polarization By Ceo2 And Tio2 Nanoparticles, Brian C. Schanen, Soumen Das, Christopher M. Reilly, William L. Warren, William T. Self, Sudipta Seal, Donald R. Drake Iii

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Immunomodulation by nanoparticles, especially as related to the biochemical properties of these unique materials, has scarcely been explored. In an in vitro model of human immunity, we demonstrate two catalytic nanoparticles, TiO2 (oxidant) and CeO2 (antioxidant), have nearly opposite effects on human dendritic cells and T helper (T-H) cells. For example, whereas TiO2 nanoparticles potentiated DC maturation that led towards T(H)1-biased responses, treatment with antioxidant CeO2 nanoparticles induced APCs to secrete the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, and induce a T(H)2-dominated T cell profile. In subsequent studies, we demonstrate these results are likely explained by the disparate capacities of the nanoparticles to …

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Inhibited Growth Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa By Dextran- And Polyacrylic Acid-Coated Ceria Nanoparticles, Qi Wang, J. Manuel Perez, Thomas J. Webster Jan 2013

Inhibited Growth Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa By Dextran- And Polyacrylic Acid-Coated Ceria Nanoparticles, Qi Wang, J. Manuel Perez, Thomas J. Webster

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles have been widely studied for numerous applications, but only a few recent studies have investigated their potential applications in medicine. Moreover, there have been almost no studies focusing on their possible antibacterial properties, despite the fact that such nanoparticles may reduce reactive oxygen species. In this study, we coated CeO2 nanoparticles with dextran or polyacrylic acid (PAA) because of their enhanced biocompatibility properties, minimized toxicity, and reduced clearance by the immune system. For the first time, the coated CeO2 nanoparticles were tested in bacterial assays involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the most significant bacteria responsible for infecting …

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Kruppel-Like Factor 8 Promotes Tumorigenic Mammary Stem Cell Induction By Targeting Mir-146a, Xianhui Wang, Heng Lu, Tianshu Li, Lin Yu, Gang Liu, Xu Peng, Jihe Zhao Jan 2013

Kruppel-Like Factor 8 Promotes Tumorigenic Mammary Stem Cell Induction By Targeting Mir-146a, Xianhui Wang, Heng Lu, Tianshu Li, Lin Yu, Gang Liu, Xu Peng, Jihe Zhao

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The properties of stem cells can be induced during the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The responsible molecular mechanisms, however, remain largely undefined. Here we report the identification of the microRNA-146a (miR-146a) as a common target of Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) and TGF-beta, both of which are known EMT-inducers. Upon KLF8 overexpression or TGF-beta treatment, a significant portion of the MCF-10A cells gained stem cell traits as demonstrated by an increased expression of CD44(high)/CD24(low), activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), mammosphere formation and chemoresistance. Along with this change, the expression of miR-146a was highly upregulated in the cells. Importantly, we found …

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Deep Vascular Imaging In Wounds By Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy, Ciceron O. Yanez, Alma R. Morales, Xiling Yue, Takeo Urakami, Masanobu Komatsu, Tero A. H. Jarvinen, Kevin D. Belfield Jan 2013

Deep Vascular Imaging In Wounds By Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy, Ciceron O. Yanez, Alma R. Morales, Xiling Yue, Takeo Urakami, Masanobu Komatsu, Tero A. H. Jarvinen, Kevin D. Belfield

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Deep imaging within tissue (over 300 mu m) at micrometer resolution has become possible with the advent of two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM). The advantages of 2PFM have been used to interrogate endogenous and exogenous fluorophores in the skin. Herein, we employed the integrin (cell-adhesion proteins expressed by invading angiogenic blood vessels) targeting characteristics of a two-photon absorbing fluorescent probe to image new vasculature and fibroblasts up to approximate to 1600 mu m within wound (neodermis)/granulation tissue in lesions made on the skin of mice. Reconstruction revealed three dimensional (3D) architecture of the vascular plexus forming at the regenerating wound tissue …

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Development Of Inspection Robots For Bridge Cables, Hae-Bum Yun, Se-Hoon Kim, Liuliu Wu, Jong-Jae Lee Jan 2013

Development Of Inspection Robots For Bridge Cables, Hae-Bum Yun, Se-Hoon Kim, Liuliu Wu, Jong-Jae Lee

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

This paper presents the bridge cable inspection robot developed in Korea. Two types of the cable inspection robots were developed for cable-suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridge. The design of the robot system and performance of the NDT techniques associated with the cable inspection robot are discussed. A review on recent advances in emerging robot-based inspection technologies for bridge cables and current bridge cable inspection methods is also presented.

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Recent Developments In Surgery Minimally Invasive Approaches For Patients Requiring Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Scott A. Zenoni, J. Pablo Arnoletti, Sebastian G. De La Fuente Jan 2013

Recent Developments In Surgery Minimally Invasive Approaches For Patients Requiring Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Scott A. Zenoni, J. Pablo Arnoletti, Sebastian G. De La Fuente

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Over the past decade, minimally invasive surgery has been introduced as a means to allow manipulation of delicate tissues with outstanding visualization of the surgical field. The purpose of this article is to review the available literature regarding early postoperative outcomes and the technical challenges of minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy, including robotic techniques. Herein, we provide a retrospective review of all published studies in the English literature in which a minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. The reported advantages of minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy include better visualization, faster recovery time, and decreased length of hospital stay. In cases of robotic approaches, some of …

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Attending Physicians On Ward Rounds, Robert M. Centor, Analia Castiglioni, Brita Roy Jan 2013

Attending Physicians On Ward Rounds, Robert M. Centor, Analia Castiglioni, Brita Roy

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

No abstract provided.

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Operating Cooperatively (Oc) Sensor For Highly Specific Recognition Of Nucleic Acids, Evan M. Cornett, Martin R. O'Steen, Dmitry M. Kolpashchikov Jan 2013

Operating Cooperatively (Oc) Sensor For Highly Specific Recognition Of Nucleic Acids, Evan M. Cornett, Martin R. O'Steen, Dmitry M. Kolpashchikov

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Molecular Beacon (MB) probes have been extensively used for nucleic acid analysis because of their ability to produce fluorescent signal in solution instantly after hybridization. The indirect binding of MB probe to a target analyte offers several advantages, including: improved genotyping accuracy and the possibility to analyse folded nucleic acids. Here we report on a new design for MB-based sensor, called 'Operating Cooperatively' (OC), which takes advantage of indirect binding of MB probe to a target analyte. The sensor consists of two unmodified DNA strands, which hybridize to a universal MB probe and a nucleic acid analyte to form a …

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