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Florida In World War Ii: Tourists And Citrus, Ben F. Rogers Apr 2021

Florida In World War Ii: Tourists And Citrus, Ben F. Rogers

Florida Historical Quarterly

As 1941 drew to a close, in many states of the Union com- placent citizens still argued that the war in Europe and Asia was none of our business, that the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans were insurmountable barriers which no enemy could ever cross. In the state of Florida, however, this was not so. Led by their irrepressible Senator, Claude Pepper, Floridians had long been deeply concerned with the rising tide of totalitarianism; the Gallup polls found Florida one of the most interventionist of all states. During the preceding years, moreover, there had been a tremendous expansion of Florida’s military …

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Letters Of A Teenage Confederate, Henry Eugene Sterkx Apr 2021

Letters Of A Teenage Confederate, Henry Eugene Sterkx

Florida Historical Quarterly

The history of the Civil War is replete with many young men who patriotically went off to war hoping to make great contributions to their side. Some did not get a chance to prove themselves in battle. Many spent all of their time in camp where some became victims of disease rather than the enemy’s bullets. Thus it was with Langdon Leslie Rumph.

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The Episcopal Church In Florida During The Civil War, Joseph D. Cushman, Jr. Apr 2021

The Episcopal Church In Florida During The Civil War, Joseph D. Cushman, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

As the Civil War approached, the Episcopal Church in Flor- ida found herself for the first time since the opening of the territory in a position of stability. She had weathered the hardships and uncertainties of the territorial period; her older parishes had become self-supporting congregations, and were embarking on vigorous parochial and educational projects; and a new group of lively missions was springing up in towns like Fernandina, Ocala, and Palatka, and in agricultural villages like Waukeena and Milton. The Diocese of Florida, which had been bishopless for thirteen years after its organization in 1838, had enjoyed the episcopal …

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Suggestions For Research In The Culture And Society Of A Spanish Florida, William B. Griffen Apr 2021

Suggestions For Research In The Culture And Society Of A Spanish Florida, William B. Griffen

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida was established as a functional part of the Spanish colonies in 1565. Saint Augustine was from the beginning the focal point of the Spanish Empire in Florida from which the social and cultural influences of the Iberian civilizers were radiated into the hinterland, transforming to some degree both the physical environment and the human groups bearing different ways of life which were encountered. But, not only from the standpoint of Spanish-Indian culture contact and acculturation does early Florida hold interest for the anthropologist. The imported European culture is also of tremendous importance to be understood in the development of …

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A Massachusetts Traveller On The Florida Frontier, Arthur W. Thompson Apr 2021

A Massachusetts Traveller On The Florida Frontier, Arthur W. Thompson

Florida Historical Quarterly

The following passage is an excerpt from the travel diary of W. T. Allen. Leaving his home in Leominster, Massachusetts, on March 12, 1852, Allen enjoyed a forty-nine day tour of the Eastern portion of the United States. He journeyed by rail and boat to New York City and then by boat to Savannah, Georgia, and Florida. His stay in Florida lasted sixteen days, from March 21st to April 6th, and the account of his experiences on the Florida frontier comprises about fifteen of the fifty-five pages of his diary. After leaving Florida, Allen travelled to Savannah, Macon, Montgomery, Mobile, …

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The Return Of Runaway Slaves 1790-1794, Richard K. Murdoch Apr 2021

The Return Of Runaway Slaves 1790-1794, Richard K. Murdoch

Florida Historical Quarterly

Among the duties assumed by the federal government after the ratification of the constitution was the general supervision over relations with the Indians living both within and without what were generally claimed to be the national boundaries. This assumption of authority was resented by many of the frontier residents long accustomed to dealing directly with the Indians. They were convinced, rightfully or wrongfully, that all savages were to be mistrusted, that the so-called Indian lands were open to seizure and settlement by the first to arrive on the scene, and that there was nothing illegal or immoral in acquiring the …

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The Shaker Community In Florida, Russell H. Anderson Apr 2021

The Shaker Community In Florida, Russell H. Anderson

Florida Historical Quarterly

Many residents of Osceola County, Florida, recall a kindly though strange religious group, the Shakers, who once lived near present day St. Cloud-but the memory of these good people is fading. It should be recorded that beginning in 1894, Osceola County was the scene of one of the later efforts of an outstanding utopian movement in America-that of the Shaker religious group.

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Zespedes And The Southern Conspiracies, Helen Hornbeck Tanner Apr 2021

Zespedes And The Southern Conspiracies, Helen Hornbeck Tanner

Florida Historical Quarterly

The peace treaty by which the American colonists gained their independence in 1783 created a situation along their southern border almost designed, it seemed, to provoke hostility. By the treaty, the provinces of East and West Florida, which had belonged to Britain for the previous twenty years and had remained loyal to the Crown, were returned to Spain. Thus Europe’s oldest colonial power regained a foothold on the southeastern seaboard of North America, but now was threatened by an ambitious young republic - the first independent nation in the western hemisphere. Furthermore, a portion of the border remained in dispute …

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Newspapers Of Pensacola, 1821-1900, Horance G. Davis, Jr. Apr 2021

Newspapers Of Pensacola, 1821-1900, Horance G. Davis, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Brigands, camp followers, speculators, gamblers and soldiers-of-fortune made Pensacola a gay city in 1821 as the populace, swelled to some 4,000, awaited the triumphant entry of the conquering hero, General Andrew Jackson. Florida, international pawn long coveted by the United States, was to be relinquished by Spain. Andrew Jackson and his troops had invaded the area twice since 1814, but diplomacy had foiled United States territorial ambitions. Now at last Florida was to be ceded to the United States, and provisional governor Andrew Jackson was expected momentarily at Pensacola, the seat of Florida government. Only Spanish loyalists viewed the gaiety …

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Pensacola In Retrospect: 1870-1890, Occie Clubbs Apr 2021

Pensacola In Retrospect: 1870-1890, Occie Clubbs

Florida Historical Quarterly

The yellow pine was the backbone of the economy of the Pensacola region and the source of several individual fortunes during the decades of this article. As early as 1826 E. E. Simpson had constructed a water-mill at Woodbine to carry out his contract to furnish lumber for certain buildings at the Pensacola Navy Yard then under construction. In 1841 John Hunt built the first steam sawmill. Though both of these were in what is now Santa Rosa County, that area was Escambia County then, and Pensacola was headquarters and received the stimulus and financial benefit from their operations.

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Ante-Bellum Pensacola: 1821-1860, Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. Apr 2021

Ante-Bellum Pensacola: 1821-1860, Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The morning sun over Pensacola on July 17, 1821, shone on a scene of historic pageantry not since repeated in Florida’s history. During the early hours of that day a full company of Spanish troops, dismounted dragoons of the regiment of Tarragona who were elegantly clad and equipped, paraded in the plaza before the Government House. A few miles away, through the flat piney woods, came elements of the Fourth United States Infantry and Fourth United States Artillery regiments with flags flying and band playing. At their heads rode the gaunt gray figure of Andrew Jackson. After almost two months …

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Panton, Leslie, And Company, Indian Traders Of Pensacola And St. Augustine, J. A. Brown Apr 2021

Panton, Leslie, And Company, Indian Traders Of Pensacola And St. Augustine, J. A. Brown

Florida Historical Quarterly

The North American peace settlement of 1783 confirmed the Spanish in their reconquest of Pensacola and returned His Catholic Majesty’s banner to the bastions of the Castillo de San Marcos at St. Augustine; however, it did not end - but rather intensified - the struggle for the allegiance and trade of the 45,000 Indians on the Florida frontier. A new and dynamic United States, surging to the Mississippi, and from its Bahamas outpost a covetous England, intrigued with the savages to turn the Spanish out, and failing that, to divert to their own nationals and treasuries a part at least …

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Pensacola During The Second Spanish Period, L. N. Mcalister Apr 2021

Pensacola During The Second Spanish Period, L. N. Mcalister

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the first day of January, 1777, an event in New Orleans was to have important consequences for the history of Pensacola: Bernardo de Galvez formally assumed the governorship of Louisiana. Galvez was typical of the colonial officials who were appointed during that Indian Summer of Spanish Imperial history, the reign of Charles III. A career officer in the royal armies, he had already distinguished himself in several theaters: first in Portugal, then in Mexico against the Indians on the northern frontier where, under his famous uncle Jose de Galvez, he displayed those traits of energy, initiative, and leadership which …

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Tristan De Luna And Ochuse (Pensacola Bay), 1559, Charles W. Arnade Apr 2021

Tristan De Luna And Ochuse (Pensacola Bay), 1559, Charles W. Arnade

Florida Historical Quarterly

The conquest of America by the Spaniards in the sixteenth century was a momentous event which had profound consequences in world history. Portugal was the leader of the age of exploration during the fifteenth century, but Spain became the principal contender in conquest during the next century. It was she who blazed the trail of European penetration in South, Central and North America. It was she who left the first European footprints on Florida’s soil. It was she who unfurled the first flag over Pensacola Bay, and it was she who planted the first cross, symbol of Christianity, on the …

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Florida Bibliography And Historiography, Florida Historical Society Apr 2021

Florida Bibliography And Historiography, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

I. The Development of Knowledge Regarding the Florida Indians; II. Writings In Florida History on the Period 1821-1860; III. Historical Writing on Twentieth Century Florida

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Florida Pioneer, Adelaide H. Reed Apr 2021

Florida Pioneer, Adelaide H. Reed

Florida Historical Quarterly

Whether the source of the Manatee River was really the “Fountain of Youth” for which Ponce de Leon searched in vain is a question for historians - or geographers - to argue about. But, in its early days, the little town of Manatee really did have a “Fountain of Youth.” At least, it was named that. It was not exactly a fountain, but a little spring of clear, cold water bubbling up out of the ground, with a gourd hung on a nearby oak tree from which to drink.

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The Democrat, Arthur Kennerly Apr 2021

The Democrat, Arthur Kennerly

Florida Historical Quarterly

For more than fifty years The Tallahassee Democrat has been the major newspaper of the capital city of Florida. * In the half-century since it first appeared, the newspaper has frequently changed its “face” and has been challenged by several short-lived local rival publications. But no matter how much opposition it has had and regardless of how many readers curse it, The Democrat has survived and prospered.

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Reminiscences Of The Civil War, James M. Dancy Apr 2021

Reminiscences Of The Civil War, James M. Dancy

Florida Historical Quarterly

Life reminiscences of James M. Dancy, who first saw the light of day at Buena Vista on the east bank of the St. Johns River, on the 15 day of January, 1845; son of Francis L. and Florida F. Dancy; now at this date [June 30, 1933] eighty-eight and one-half years of age, writing this without glasses.

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Marion County Newspapers, R. N. Dosh Apr 2021

Marion County Newspapers, R. N. Dosh

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida Press Association, in celebrating the 75th anniversary of that organization, asked me to prepare a history of the Ocala Star-Banner. The article prepared at that time has been revised somewhat and brought up to date.

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Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 2 Apr 2021

Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 2

Human-Machine Communication

This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 2.

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Out With The Humans, In With The Machines?: Investigating The Behavioral And Psychological Effects Of Replacing Human Advisors With A Machine, Andrew Prahl, Lyn Van Swol Apr 2021

Out With The Humans, In With The Machines?: Investigating The Behavioral And Psychological Effects Of Replacing Human Advisors With A Machine, Andrew Prahl, Lyn Van Swol

Human-Machine Communication

This study investigates the effects of task demonstrability and replacing a human advisor with a machine advisor. Outcome measures include advice-utilization (trust), the perception of advisors, and decision-maker emotions. Participants were randomly assigned to make a series of forecasts dealing with either humanitarian planning (low demonstrability) or management (high demonstrability). Participants received advice from either a machine advisor only, a human advisor only, or their advisor was replaced with the other type of advisor (human/machine) midway through the experiment. Decision-makers rated human advisors as more expert, more useful, and more similar. Perception effects were strongest when a human advisor was …

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Automation Anxieties: Perceptions About Technological Automation And The Future Of Pharmacy Work, Cameron W. Piercy, Angela N. Gist-Mackey Apr 2021

Automation Anxieties: Perceptions About Technological Automation And The Future Of Pharmacy Work, Cameron W. Piercy, Angela N. Gist-Mackey

Human-Machine Communication

This study uses a sample of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians (N = 240) who differ in skill, education, and income to replicate and extend past findings about socioeconomic disparities in the perceptions of automation. Specifically, this study applies the skills-biased technical change hypothesis, an economic theory that low-skill jobs are the most likely to be affected by increased automation (Acemoglu & Restrepo, 2019), to the mental models of pharmacy workers. We formalize the hypothesis that anxiety about automation leads to perceptions that jobs will change in the future and automation will increase. We also posit anxiety about overpayment related to …

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Artificial Intuition In Tech Journalism On Ai: Imagining The Human Subject, Jacob Johanssen, Xin Wang Apr 2021

Artificial Intuition In Tech Journalism On Ai: Imagining The Human Subject, Jacob Johanssen, Xin Wang

Human-Machine Communication

Artificial intuition (AI acting intuitively) is one trend in artificial intelligence. This article analyzes how it is discussed by technology journalism on the internet. The journalistic narratives that were analyzed claim that intuition can make AI more efficient, autonomous, and human. Some commentators also write that intuitive AI could execute tasks better than humans themselves ever could (e.g., in digital games); therefore, it could ultimately surpass human intuition. Such views do not pay enough attention to biases as well as transparency and explainability of AI. We contrast the journalistic narratives with philosophical understandings of intuition and a psychoanalytic view of …

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Negotiating Agency And Control: Theorizing Human-Machine Communication From A Structurational Perspective, Jennifer L. Gibbs, Gavin L. Kirkwood, Chengyu Fang, J. Nan Wilkenfeld Apr 2021

Negotiating Agency And Control: Theorizing Human-Machine Communication From A Structurational Perspective, Jennifer L. Gibbs, Gavin L. Kirkwood, Chengyu Fang, J. Nan Wilkenfeld

Human-Machine Communication

Intelligent technologies have the potential to transform organizations and organizing processes. In particular, they are unique from prior organizational technologies in that they reposition technology as agent rather than a tool or object of use. Scholars studying human-machine communication (HMC) have begun to theorize the dual role played by human and machine agency, but they have focused primarily on the individual level. Drawing on Structuration Theory (Giddens, 1984), we propose a theoretical framework to explain agency in HMC as a process involving the negotiation of control between human and machine agents. This article contributes to HMC scholarship by offering a …

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The Machine As An Extension Of The Body: When Identity, Immersion And Interactive Design Serve As Both Resource And Limitation For The Disabled, Donna Z. Davis, Shelby Stanovsek Apr 2021

The Machine As An Extension Of The Body: When Identity, Immersion And Interactive Design Serve As Both Resource And Limitation For The Disabled, Donna Z. Davis, Shelby Stanovsek

Human-Machine Communication

This research explores how the technological affordances of emerging social virtual environments and VR platforms where individuals from an online disability community are represented in avatar form, correspond to these users’ development of embodied identity, ability, and access to work and social communities. The visual attributes of these avatars, which can realistically reflect the user’s physical self or divert from human form entirely, raise interesting questions regarding the role identity plays in the workplace, be it gender, race, age, weight, or visible disability. Additionally, the technology itself becomes fundamental to identity as the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI), motion …

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Social Robots As The Bride? Understanding The Construction Of Gender In A Japanese Social Robot Product, Jindong Liu Apr 2021

Social Robots As The Bride? Understanding The Construction Of Gender In A Japanese Social Robot Product, Jindong Liu

Human-Machine Communication

This study critically investigates the construction of gender on a Japanese hologram animestyle social robot Azuma Hikari. By applying a mixed method merging the visual semiotic method and heterogeneous engineering approach in software studies, the signs in Azuma Hikari’s anthropomorphized image and the interactivity enabled by the multimedia interface have been analyzed and discussed. The analysis revealed a stereotyped representation of a Japanese “ideal bride” who should be cute, sexy, comforting, good at housework, and subordinated to “Master”-like husband. Moreover, the device interface disciplines users to play the role of “wage earner” in the simulated marriage and reconstructs the gender …

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Social Responses To Media Technologies In The 21st Century: The Media Are Social Actors Paradigm, Matthew Lombard, Kun Xu Apr 2021

Social Responses To Media Technologies In The 21st Century: The Media Are Social Actors Paradigm, Matthew Lombard, Kun Xu

Human-Machine Communication

Clifford Nass and his colleagues proposed the Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm in the 1990s and demonstrated that we treat computers in some of the ways we treat humans. To account for technological advances and to refine explanations for CASA results, this paper proposes the Media Are Social Actors (MASA) paradigm. We begin by distinguishing the roles of primary and secondary cues in evoking medium-as-social-actor presence and social responses. We then discuss the roles of individual differences and contextual factors in these responses and identify mindless and mindful anthropomorphism as two major complementary mechanisms for understanding MASA phenomena. Based …

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Moving Ahead With Human-Machine Communication, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards Apr 2021

Moving Ahead With Human-Machine Communication, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards

Human-Machine Communication

In this essay, we introduce the 10 articles comprising Volume 2 (2021) of Human-Machine Communication, each of which is innovative and offers a substantial contribution to the field of human-machine communication (HMC). As a collection, these articles move forward the HMC project by touching on four layers of important discourse: (1) updates to theoretical frameworks and paradigms, including Computers as Social Actors (CASA), (2) examination of ontology and prototyping processes, (3) critical analysis of gender and ability/disability relations, and (4) extension of HMC scholarship into organizational contexts. Building upon the insights offered by the contributing authors and incorporating perspectives …

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Some Letters To His Parents By A Floridian In The Confederate Army, Gilbert Wright Apr 2021

Some Letters To His Parents By A Floridian In The Confederate Army, Gilbert Wright

Florida Historical Quarterly

The nineteen to twenty-two-year-old author of the letters that follow was destined, after the Civil War, to become a distinguished citizen of his native state. His death in 1908 was mourned by many hundreds “in all walks of life.” He had been active for more than forty years in the railroad enterprise, so important to the development of Florida. His rise in a few decades from clerk to first vice president in the Florida railroad world gave evidence that he possessed qualities for leadership. One may perceive, without reading between the lines, that the young soldier had these qualities.

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Letters From The Second Seminole War, John K. Mahon Apr 2021

Letters From The Second Seminole War, John K. Mahon

Florida Historical Quarterly

These pages are built around fragments drawn from the letters and diary entries written by Joseph R. Smith. They contain nothing important enough to require a reinterpretation of the Second Seminole War, 1835-1842; indeed they have little significance except that they enlarge the printed record left by the people who lived at that time. This record helps us, in spite of the one hundred and thirty years lying between, to bring to life their interesting era.

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