Digital Commons Network^™

West Florida's Forgotten People: The Creek Indians From 1830 Until 1970, Lucius F. Ellsworth

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Indian population in West Florida was relatively small in 1830 when Congress passed the Indian Removal Act. In addition to the approximately 800 Creeks settled on reservations along the Apalachicola River, small groups of fifty to sixty people made their homes near Choctawhatchee Bay and Blackwater Bay, and a few Indians and half-bloods lived in Pensacola. From time to time individuals and small bands came to the area to hunt and fish, to find pasture for their cattle, and to obtain supplies in Pensacola.1 Most of the Indians had become at least partially acculturated. Some of the more isolated …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Galvez Celebration, Announcements and Activities

Abner Doubleday And The Third Seminole War, David Ramsey

Florida Historical Quarterly

Abner Doubleday, the grandson of a veteran of the American Revolution, was born June 26, 1819, at Ballston Spa, New York, twenty miles north of Albany. Abner attended school in Auburn and later Cooperstown, New York, before entering the United States Military Academy in 1838. Graduating in 1842, he stood number twenty-four academically in a class of fifty-six.

Judge Herbert Rider And The Lynching At Labelle, Jerrell H. Shofner

Florida Historical Quarterly

When one thinks of Florida during the 1920s, it is usually the “land boom” which comes to mind. The astronomical increase in property values, the population explosion, the fantastic advertising, and then the cataclysmic hurricane in September 1926, which brought it to a sudden and traumatic end, have dominated historical thought and literature of that decade in Florida. Yet much more was happening, and the “boom” was both the symbol and the vehicle of these other activities. Floridians and their southern neighbors were feeling the forces of unwelcome change as never before. The old agricultural system was breaking up, cities …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Spanish Florida Borderlands Project, Papers f Vicente Sebastian Pintado, Preservation and Survey Grants, Announcements and Activities

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

ETHNIC MINORITIES IN GULF COAST SOCIETY: PROCEEDINGS OF THE GULF COAST HISTORY AND HUMANITIES CONFERENCE, VOLUME VIII, edited by Jerrell H. Shofner and Linda V. Ellsworth, reviewed by Gary Mormino; RELACIONES DE DEPENDENCIA ENTRE FLORIDA Y ESTADOS UNIDOS (1783-1820), by Pablo Tornero Tinajero, reviewed by Bruce S. Chappell; AFRICANS AND CREEKS: FROM THE COLONIAL PERIOD TO THE CIVIL WAR, by Daniel F. Littlefield, Jr., reviewed by Kenneth Wiggins Porter; AARON BURR: THE YEARS FROM PRINCETON TO VICE PRESIDENT, 1756-1805, by Milton Lomask, reviewed by Aubrey C. Land; THE PRESIDENCY OF ANDREW JACKSON: WHITE HOUSE POLITICS, 1829-1837, by Richard B. Latner, …

Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the fields of Florida history, archeology, geography, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1979. Articles, notes, and documents which have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and which were not included in the list published in the July 1979 issue of the Quarterly.

Florida, "Our Own Italy": James F. B. Marshall's Post-Civil War Letters To Edward Everett Hale, Patricia P. Clark

Florida Historical Quarterly

While touring Florida during the winter of 1867 as agent for the New England Emigrant Aid Company, which hoped to revitalize its pre-war colonizing efforts, James F. B. Marshall regularly corresponded with company officers: Thomas B. Forbush, secretary, and Edward Everett Hale, vice-president. His letters to Forbush were shared with prospective emigrants and used in the secretary’s publication, Florida: The Advantages and Inducements Which It Offers to Immigrants. In writing to Hale, Marshall offered more confidential observations relating to people he contacted, especially politicians, businessmen, government land agents, large property owners, and speculators, in short, anyone who might be able …

Charles H. Jones: Florida's Gilded Age Editor-Politician, Thomas Graham

Florida Historical Quarterly

For much of the nineteenth century American newspapermen played important roles in political parties. Most papers were affiliated with or were supported by a particular party, and the editor of the party newspaper was usually treated as one of the ranking officers in the organization. Sometimes editors held public office, but more often they served as advisors, ideologues, and mouthpieces of the party line. Nineteenth-century Florida had several newspapermen of this type. Preeminent among these was Charles Dyke of the Tallahassee Floridian, who guided the Democratic party’s chief journal from early statehood days through the tumultuous era of Reconstruction. Dyke’s …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE SOUTHERN COLONIAL FRONTIER, 1607-1763, by W. Stitt Robinson, reviewed by Kenneth Coleman; THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR IN THE SOUTH: POWER, CONFLICT, AND LEADERSHIP. ESSAYS IN HONOR OF JOHN RICHARD ALDEN, edited by W. Robert Higgins, reviewed by Robin F. A. Fabel; A SACRED CIRCLE: THE DILEMMA OF THE INTELLECTUAL IN THE OLD SOUTH, 1840-1860, by Drew Gilpin Faust, reviewed by Charles B. Dew; “JOURNAL OF A SECESH LADY,” THE DIARY OF CATHERINE ANN DEVEREAUX EDMONSTON, 1860-1866, edited by Beth G. Crabtree and James W. Patton, reviewed by Anne Firor Scott; SHERMAN’S MARCH, by Richard Wheeler, reviewed by Richard M. McMurry; …

Wtvj's Miami Crime War: A Television Crusade, Paul G. Ashdown

Florida Historical Quarterly

Station WTVJ, Miami, broadcast sixty-five consecutive weekday editorials against Dade County crime in 1966. These editorials, supported by documentary news reports and interviews, reportedly “shook the political foundation of the State of Florida and sent shock waves rocking the underworld that were felt in the crime capitals of the world.“

Strivings For Sovereignty: Alexander Mcgillivray, Creek Warfare, And Diplomacy, 1783-1790, Thomas D. Watson

Florida Historical Quarterly

The outcome of the American Revolution left the Creek confederacy in a perilous state. Most Creeks had sided with the British and were dismayed when they learned in 1783 that Britain had bought peace largely at their expense. Alexander McGillivray, the half-breed Creek, spoke for his people when he conveyed their anger to British authorities at finding their “country betrayed . . . and divided between the Spaniards and Americans.“

Jacksonville As A Nineteenth-Century Railroad Center, Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The earliest railroad building in Florida, as in most parts of the United States, was premised upon the idea that the railroads were an adjunct to water transport and that their primary purposes were to connect interior commercial or agricultural centers with seaports or to bridge land barriers between waterways. The notion that railroads alone might connect so as to provide an inland transportation system was not readily grasped by many early businessmen and politicians, most of whose economic horizons were parochially oriented. Indeed, pioneer railroad interests in Florida were so disturbed by the thought that Georgia railroads might drain …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

PLACES IN THE SUN: THE HISTORY AND ROMANCE OF FLORIDA PLACE NAMES, by Bertha E. Bloodworth and Alton C. Morris, reviewed by Margaret L. Chapman; MALIGNED GENERAL: A BIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS S. JESUP, by Chester L. Keiffer, reviewed by Frank Laumer; THE STORY OF A NUN: JEANIE GORDON BROWN, by Jane Quinn, reviewed by Eileen F. Rice; ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF STATE LEADERSHIP IN FLORIDA PUBLIC EDUCATION, by Arthur O. White, reviewed by Harry A. Kersey, Jr.; TIME OF THE TURTLE, by Jack Rudloe, reviewed by Gloria Jahoda; INTELLECTUAL LIFE IN THE COLONIAL SOUTH, 1585-1763, by Richard Beale Davis, reviewed …

Ruggles Hubbard, Civil Governor Of Fernandina, Marilyn Maple

Florida Historical Quarterly

Ruggles Hubbard was one of the four men who became embroiled in a power struggle over Amelia Island, Florida, in the late summer of 1817. The island was originally occupied on June 29, 1817, by General Sir Gregor MacGregor, a Scottish revolutionary who claimed to represent several South American insurgent governments. He dreamed of freeing Florida from Spanish control with support he had solicited from certain United States citizens in Baltimore and Philadelphia. His flag, a green St. George’s Cross on a white field, was raised over Fernandina, as he proclaimed his victory in the name of the independence of …

Mary Grace Quackenbos, A Visitor Florida Did Not Want, Jerrell H. Shofner

Florida Historical Quarterly

By the early twentieth century the Florida turpentine industry was at its zenith. Hundreds of thousands of pines were boxed for turpentine, and thousands of men in scores of isolated camps tended the trees for their employers. The operators of the camps in turn sold their products to naval stores marketing firms in Jacksonville, Savannah, or Tampa. These large factors then disposed of the turpentine and resin according to price quotations usually established by the Savannah market and followed by those of other cities. It was big business and heavily influenced by the harshest competitive practices of the day. Fierce …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE MINUTES, JOURNALS, AND ACTS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF BRITISH WEST FLORIDA, compiled and edited by Robert R. Rea and Milo B. Howard, Jr., reviewed by J. Leitch Wright, Jr.; CARDINALES DE DOS INDEPENDENCIAS (NORESTE DE MEXICO-SURESTE DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS), a symposium held at the Universidad Iberoamericana with the collaboration of the University of Florida, reviewed by Aileen Moore Topping; NATURE GUIDE TO FLORIDA, by Richard Rabkin and Jacob Rabkin, reviewed by Wyatt Blassingame; A SEASON OF YOUTH: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND THE HISTORICAL IMAGINATION, by Michael Kammen, reviewed by J. Leitch Wright, Jr.; THE GENTLEMEN THEOLOGIANS: AMERICAN …

"Yo Solo" Not "Solo": Juan Antonio De Riano, Eric Beerman

Florida Historical Quarterly

While Bernardo de Gálvez’s forcing the entrance of Pensacola Bay with his brigatine Galveztown during the American Revolutionary War is well known, virtually forgotten are the other Spaniards who also participated in that campaign on March 18, 1781. This is especially true of teniente de fragata (naval lieutenant) Juan Antonio de Riaño, Gálvez’s brother-in-law. For the heroism of Gálvez, King Charles III of Spain added to his coat of arms a replica of him on the deck of the Galveztown with the motto “Yo Solo” (I alone). Although Gálvez displayed his mettle on that day, he did not force the …

Florida History In Periodicals, 1978, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the fields of Florida history, archeology, geography, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1978. Articles, notes, and documents which have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume.

Governor Tonyn's Brown-Water Navy: East Florida During The American Revolution, 1775-1778, George E. Buker

Florida Historical Quarterly

Moses Kirkland left St. Augustine aboard the brigantine Betsey bound for British-held Boston with a packet of letters requesting an expedition to Charleston, South Carolina, so that the southern loyalists and Indians might be saved for the crown. East Florida’s Royal Governor Patrick Tonyn’s letters were among the bundle being forwarded to General Thomas Gage. On December 17, 1775, the Continental schooner Lee captured the Betsey off the New England coast and made for an American port. The next day the intercepted East Florida letters were taken to General George Washington’s headquarters at Cambridge, Massachusetts, where they aroused considerable interest. …

Teaching Young Dual Language Learners: A Critical Review Of The Strengths And Limitations Presented In Alanís And Colleagues’ 2021 Book, The Essentials: Supporting Dual Language Learners In Diverse Environments In Preschool & Kindergarten, Jessica Summers

Journal of English Learner Education

The increase in dual language learners (DLLs) in the United States is shifting the way many districts, schools, and individual educators approach teaching and learning in order to better meet the needs of emergent bilinguals. Iliana Alanís, María G. Arreguín, and Irasema Salinas-González’s wrote The essentials: Supporting dual language learners in diverse environments in preschool and kindergarten (2021) to help early childhood educators, administrators, and instructional coaches understand guiding principles of bilingual education and implement evidence-based practices for working with young DLLs. This book review highlights five strengths and provides three critiques.

Bilingual Refugee-Background Student Resilience, Meta-Linguistic Awareness, And Pride In Bilingual Skills, Tunde Szecsi Dr., Debra Giambo, Rachel Bledsoe Bass, William Buchanan

Journal of English Learner Education

This qualitative phenomenological study sought to explore the experiences of emergent bilingual refugee-background [1] students in Florida and their self-perceptions as bilingual learners. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with seven participants learning English both in-person and virtually in high school or adult education programs during the pandemic. The researchers completed content analysis individually and, in subsequent collaboration, identified patterns, and themes. Findings indicated that students took pride in their bilingual skills, demonstrated metalinguistic awareness, and were resilient and proactive learners with strong determination to succeed in the new country. The following recommendations for teachers are offered: (1) building …

Strategies For Equitable Ell Family And Community Engagement, Stephanie K. Knight, Tracy Vasquez, Marjaneh Gilpatrick

Journal of English Learner Education

Families have been involved in their ELL students' education now more than ever. Families are truly now ALL IN. How can we make this dynamic engagement we are seeking to be easier and more seamless for our families? It’s no secret that students whose families reinforce and extend learning at home are more successful in school; moreover, when there exists a mutually supportive network of educators, families, and students, a climate is created to promote learning and success. In this article, the authors have highlighted the significance of family and community engagement in the academic achievement of students.

Teachers Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Students And Effective Professional Development: A Critical Review Of Research, Irish Farley

Journal of English Learner Education

Effective Professional Development (PD) is essential for teachers of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CLD) students. Despite the continuing increase of diversity of students, teachers are underinformed with best practices for teaching and support. Many good teachers may not know how to best support CLD students. In 2018, the National Center for Education Statistics reported that only 44% of surveyed teachers who had at least one CLD student in their classroom received professional development specifically for working with these students. This review of the literature covers two distinct but related topics: why teachers of CLD students need more PD and what …

Early Childhood Family Education: Language And Pre-Academic Skills For Latinx Dual Language Learners, Katherine B. Green, Robert A. Griffin, Chelsea T. Morris, Mary Alice Varga

Journal of English Learner Education

This study describes the effectiveness of an early childhood family education (ECFE) program built on a two-generation and strengths-based model to support dual language learners (DLLs) and their families. The researchers investigated the extent to which participation in the ECFE program influenced adult caregivers (n = 15) and the preschool-aged Latinx DLLs (n = 32) who participated, specifically regarding change related to the children’s language and literacy skills and pre-academic skills, families’ perceptions of their home literacy environments, caregivers’ perceptions of their own literacy skills, and caregivers’ actions regarding early literacy at home. Findings were robust and revealed …

Voices From The Sunshine State: Program And Policy Advocates, Ryan W. Pontier, Rosa Castro Feinberg, Arlene Costello

Journal of English Learner Education

As educators, we are engrossed in a world that pushes us to critically examine what is. Particularly in language education, we explore the various theories and practices involved in learning new language(s)—or expanding our linguistic repertoire, depending on your paradigmatic stance. No matter our position—whether it refers to our jobs or to an ideological stance—we are advocates. We are thus challenged to understand our diverse roles as advocates, which, as Foley and Valenzuela (2004) demonstrate, come in many forms.

We expand Staehr Fenner’s (2014) definition of advocacy—working for students’ equitable and excellent education by taking appropriate actions on their …

Policing Miami's Black Community, 1896-1930, Paul S. George

Florida Historical Quarterly

When Miami, Florida, was incorporated in 1896, most white residents mirrored the prevailing attitude toward blacks. Negroes, they assumed, were inferior people who represented a potential threat to the white community. This attitude resulted in the consignment of blacks to cramped quarters with inadequate municipal services, creation of a dual system of justice, and semi-official tolerance of white terrorism. The symbol and guardian of this order was the police.

An Empty Victory: The St. Petersburg Sanitation Strike, 1968, Darryl Paulson

Florida Historical Quarterly

St. Petersburg, Florida, has long had the image of being a haven for retirees and tourists. People are drawn to the city by its beaches, its sunshine, and its tranquility. The peaceful climate of St. Petersburg was shattered in 1968 when a work stoppage in the sanitation department mushroomed into a four-month strike. What started as a nonviolent effort using marches, picketing, and economic boycotts in an attempt to increase wages, transformed itself into fire bombings, arson, gunfire, and riots. At the conclusion of the strike, the workers found their situation no better than before the walkout, but the strike …

Governor Leroy Collins Of Florida And The Selma Crisis Of 1965, Thomas R. Wagy

Florida Historical Quarterly

On Tuesday, March 9, 1965, a bright sun shone on Selma, Alabama, replacing the gray, gloomy weather which had blanketed the city for days. Despite the sixty degree temperature, the air held a winter crispness. Most of the people gathered at Brown’s Chapel wore heavy overcoats and gloves. The nervous conversations grew into an expectant murmur and then applause as a young black man came into view. He walked among the crowd, touched the extended hands, and moved to the church steps to speak. He was their leader. Arguments about whether or not to march ended. They would abide by …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

DANIEL LADD: MERCHANT PRINCE OF FRONTIER FLORIDA, by Jerrell H. Shofner, reviewed by Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.; EIGHTEENTH -C ENTURY FLORIDA AND THE REVOLUTIONARY SOUTH , edited by Samuel Proctor, reviewed by Jack D. L. Holmes; LE CONTE'S REPORT ON EAST FLORIDA, edited by Richard Adicks, reviewed by Margaret L. Chapman; WORKDAYS: FINDING FLORIDA ON THE JOB, by Bob Graham, reviewed by Charlton W. Tebeau; THE GREAT EXPLORERS : THE EUROPEAN DISCOVERY OF AMERICA , by Samuel Eliot Morison, reviewed by Charles W. Arnade; THE INDIANS AND THEIR CAPTIVES, edited and compiled by James Levernier and Hennig Cohen, reviewed by …