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Voice-Based Agents As Personified Things: Assimilation And Accommodation As Equilibration Of Doubt, Katrin Etzrodt, Sven Engesser Apr 2021

Voice-Based Agents As Personified Things: Assimilation And Accommodation As Equilibration Of Doubt, Katrin Etzrodt, Sven Engesser

Human-Machine Communication

We aim to investigate the nature of doubt regarding voice-based agents by referring to Piaget’s ontological object–subject classification “thing” and “person,” its associated equilibration processes, and influential factors of the situation, the user, and the agent. In two online surveys, we asked 853 and 435 participants, ranging from 17 to 65 years of age, to assess Alexa and the Google Assistant. We discovered that only some people viewed voice-based agents as mere things, whereas the majority classified them into personified things. However, their classification is fragile and depends basically on the imputation of subject-like attributes of agency and mind to …

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Social Responses To Media Technologies In The 21st Century: The Media Are Social Actors Paradigm, Matthew Lombard, Kun Xu Apr 2021

Social Responses To Media Technologies In The 21st Century: The Media Are Social Actors Paradigm, Matthew Lombard, Kun Xu

Human-Machine Communication

Clifford Nass and his colleagues proposed the Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm in the 1990s and demonstrated that we treat computers in some of the ways we treat humans. To account for technological advances and to refine explanations for CASA results, this paper proposes the Media Are Social Actors (MASA) paradigm. We begin by distinguishing the roles of primary and secondary cues in evoking medium-as-social-actor presence and social responses. We then discuss the roles of individual differences and contextual factors in these responses and identify mindless and mindful anthropomorphism as two major complementary mechanisms for understanding MASA phenomena. Based …

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Moving Ahead With Human-Machine Communication, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards Apr 2021

Moving Ahead With Human-Machine Communication, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards

Human-Machine Communication

In this essay, we introduce the 10 articles comprising Volume 2 (2021) of Human-Machine Communication, each of which is innovative and offers a substantial contribution to the field of human-machine communication (HMC). As a collection, these articles move forward the HMC project by touching on four layers of important discourse: (1) updates to theoretical frameworks and paradigms, including Computers as Social Actors (CASA), (2) examination of ontology and prototyping processes, (3) critical analysis of gender and ability/disability relations, and (4) extension of HMC scholarship into organizational contexts. Building upon the insights offered by the contributing authors and incorporating perspectives …

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Some Letters To His Parents By A Floridian In The Confederate Army, Gilbert Wright Apr 2021

Some Letters To His Parents By A Floridian In The Confederate Army, Gilbert Wright

Florida Historical Quarterly

The nineteen to twenty-two-year-old author of the letters that follow was destined, after the Civil War, to become a distinguished citizen of his native state. His death in 1908 was mourned by many hundreds “in all walks of life.” He had been active for more than forty years in the railroad enterprise, so important to the development of Florida. His rise in a few decades from clerk to first vice president in the Florida railroad world gave evidence that he possessed qualities for leadership. One may perceive, without reading between the lines, that the young soldier had these qualities.

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Life At Fort Brooke, 1824-1836, James W. Covington Apr 2021

Life At Fort Brooke, 1824-1836, James W. Covington

Florida Historical Quarterly

In January, 1824 the military post known as Cantonment Brooke and later as Fort Brooke * was established at the juncture of Hillsborough River and the bay bearing the same name. There were many sites more suitable or a fort which could be found along the shores and islands of Tampa Bay; but the land at the chosen location had already been cleared and a house and wharf erected by Robert Hackley, a gentleman from New York who believed that his father held title to the land. Incidently, Hackley had left the property in charge of an overseer so that …

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News And Notes, Florida Historical Society Apr 2021

News And Notes, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Notes from local and regional historical societies, contributors to the issue, new members

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Florida And Iowa: A Contemporary View, Franklin A. Doty Apr 2021

Florida And Iowa: A Contemporary View, Franklin A. Doty

Florida Historical Quarterly

Within the span of one generation after the admission of Florida and Iowa to the Union, the citizens of the two states confronted each other in the awful strife of the Civil War. Portents of this bitter separation had been discernable in the birthing of the states, but who could have said with assurance that these two frontier communities, having so many more roots and inheritances in common than they had fatal divergencies, would shortly stand drawn in battle array against each other? Regardless of their common institutional origins, the two communities came to subordinate themselves to, and form a …

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Indian Presents: To Give Or Not To Give: Governor Whites's Quandary, Richard K. Murdoch Apr 2021

Indian Presents: To Give Or Not To Give: Governor Whites's Quandary, Richard K. Murdoch

Florida Historical Quarterly

At the close of the Eighteenth Century the use of presents to obtain loyalty, friendship, neutrality or allegiance was an old story to the nations of Western Europe, dating back to the days of the Greeks and Romans. Later presents were employed for the same purpose in the feudal period and in the campaigns of the Crusaders in the Holy Land. In the early years of the modern era the Portugese used presents to obtain peaceful entry into African ports as prelude to the slave trade. And finally presents were employed in the Americas by all the colonizing powers as …

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Early Newspapers Of Ocala, Eloise Robinson Ott Apr 2021

Early Newspapers Of Ocala, Eloise Robinson Ott

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the more than one hundred years since the printing of the first newspaper in Ocala, this community has had an important and unique part in the journalistic history of Florida. Statehood had been achieved but two years before when, in 1847, the Ocala Argus began publication. Within the next two decades, seven other newspapers were established here. Several existed but a few months, others from four to six years, but the last of this group, the East Florida Banner (later the Ocala Banner) was to have a distinguished career of usefulness, with a record of editorship and ownership within …

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Horace Greeley, Presidential Candidate: A Floridian's View, Willard E. Wight Apr 2021

Horace Greeley, Presidential Candidate: A Floridian's View, Willard E. Wight

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the presidential election of 1872, Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, was the candidate of the Liberal Republican Party and of the Democratic Party. Nominated first by the Liberal Republicans at their convention in Cincinnati, Greeley had been named by the Democrats at Baltimore in July, 1872. The Democrats not only adopted the candidate of the Liberal Republicans but also adopted their platform verbatim.

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Florida, Iowa, And The National "Balance Of Power," 1845, Franklin A. Doty Apr 2021

Florida, Iowa, And The National "Balance Of Power," 1845, Franklin A. Doty

Florida Historical Quarterly

To Floridians, the admission of their state to the Union is an event in which interest arises as a matter of course from local and state pride and from general historical awareness of the times and circumstances. To Iowans, the event is of similar interest because of the pairing of the two states in the same act of admission. To the historically minded in general, the occasion provides a convenient focus for reconsidering some of the chief crosscurrents of national politics in the 1840's.

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Fort Caroline, Cradle Of American Freedom, Charles E. Bennett Apr 2021

Fort Caroline, Cradle Of American Freedom, Charles E. Bennett

Florida Historical Quarterly

Along the southern bank of the St. Johns River in northeastern Florida stand a wooded bluff and adjoining shorelands which may well be considered the birthplace of American ideals and freedom; or, at very least, the cradle of American ideals in the distant years of 1564 and 1565, and the beginning of the first permanent settlement of our country. The United States government is now, in 1956, establishing at the site what will be called Fort Caroline National Memorial. It is expected that it will be open to visitors by the early summer of 1957. Although the history of St. …

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Florida Seen Through The Eyes Of Nineteenth Century Travellers, Benjamin F. Rogers Apr 2021

Florida Seen Through The Eyes Of Nineteenth Century Travellers, Benjamin F. Rogers

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the first half of the nineteenth century, there were published both in this country and abroad a great number of books written by travellers in all parts of the United States, and especially in the South. As one Southern author observed in 1860: “The fashion has been for several years . . . to write books about the South. Englishmen, Frenchmen, Down-Eastern men, the Bloomer style of men, as well as countless numbers of female scribblers, have not ceased to drum upon the public tympanum (almost to deafness, indeed) in praise or blame - generally the latter - of …

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Archeological Excavations In The Courtyard Of Castillo De San Marcos, St. Augustine, Florida, J. C. Harrington Apr 2021

Archeological Excavations In The Courtyard Of Castillo De San Marcos, St. Augustine, Florida, J. C. Harrington

Florida Historical Quarterly

The recorded history of the fortifications at St. Augustine, Florida, begins on the day the Spaniards, under Don Pedro Menendez de Aviles, landed at the Timucua Indian village of Seloy in the late summer of 1565. A large Indian communal house was turned over to the newcomers, who immediately set to work throwing up earthworks around the aboriginal structure.

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Archeology Of The Tampa Bay Area, Ripley P. Bullen Apr 2021

Archeology Of The Tampa Bay Area, Ripley P. Bullen

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Tampa Bay region includes the west coast of Florida from Tarpon Springs to Sarasota, or the three counties of Pinellas, Hillsborough, and Manatee; and its archeology is better known than that of any comparable region of the State. Nevertheless, in spite of the large amount of work which has been done on this area, there are many lacunae in our data. We are just beginning to glimpse the dynamics involved, and much work is required before we will have an adequate understanding of the prehistory of this area.

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Osceola: Portraits, Features, And Dress, John M. Goggin Apr 2021

Osceola: Portraits, Features, And Dress, John M. Goggin

Florida Historical Quarterly

The most colorful figure of the unpopular Second Seminole War, Osceola, the Seminole war leader, early caught the imagination of the American public. 1 As a result, although we lack details of his early history, we have a good amount of data for his military career, and numerous comments on his appearance. He was the subject of several original sketches and paintings, as well as numerous engravings taken from them. However, differences between some of these “from life” renderings, raise the question of exactly what Osceola did look like!

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A Massachusetts Mechanic In Florida And Mexico, 1847, Arthur W. Thompson Apr 2021

A Massachusetts Mechanic In Florida And Mexico, 1847, Arthur W. Thompson

Florida Historical Quarterly

The growing tension between the United States and Mexico during the early part of 1846 found Florida singularly unenthusiastic for war. For one thing, she had only achieved statehood the year before. Then, too, she still felt the adverse impact not only of the 1837-43 depression, but also - more important - the devastation of the Seminole War. Despite these feelings, when Congress actually declared war on May 13, 1846, there was general support for the cause throughout the state. Ultimately, five Florida companies were called into service and three saw action in Mexico.

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Cuban Bloodhounds And The Seminoles, James W. Covington Apr 2021

Cuban Bloodhounds And The Seminoles, James W. Covington

Florida Historical Quarterly

Throughout history man has made use of animals in his warfare. During the Middle Ages the “Man on horseback” gained many victories against those on foot who opposed him and it was not until the effective use of the long bow and gun powder that the foot soldier could hold his own in combat. The first animal that European man domesticated was the dog. Even as late as World War II canines of several breeds were used by both sides to guard against surprise attack and to track down fleeing foes and prisoners.

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A Religious Revival In Tallahassee In 1843, Nathan Hoyt Apr 2021

A Religious Revival In Tallahassee In 1843, Nathan Hoyt

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the Woodrow Wilson Papers in the Library of Congress there is a manuscript narrative (here reproduced) of a religious revival held in Tallahassee in 1843 by the Rev. Nathan Hoyt, grandfather of Ellen Axson, wife of President Wilson. He was then pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens, Georgia. Evidently, Georgians of that period considered Florida as a field for missionary work.

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Spanish Interest In British Florida, And In The Progress Of The American Revolution, Mark F. Boyd Apr 2021

Spanish Interest In British Florida, And In The Progress Of The American Revolution, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

Despite the loss of Florida to Great Britain in 1763, colonial officials in Cuba, probably reflecting the attitude of the Spanish Court, maintained a lively interest in their erstwhile province and preserved a hope of its eventual recovery. When the mounting tension in the British colonies to the north progressed from civil disorder to the revolutionary struggle, Spanish interest in the conflict became intense as the cherished hope began to exhibit the possibility of attainment. The meagerness of the news which reached that Court through random channels was insufficient to reveal the trend of events or determine the moment for …

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Pensacola In 1810, Florida Historical Society Apr 2021

Pensacola In 1810, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

In his research for a doctoral dissertation on “The Federal Government’s Factory System, 1796-1822,” Rev. Aloysius Plaisance, O.S.B. read numerous newspaper files of that period and came upon several descriptions of Pensacola in that era which he has sent us for publication. All are interesting and will be published here in time. Little is known, first-hand, of the Pensacola of 1810, so this account from the St. Louis Louisiana Gazette of September 27, 1910 is of much interest.

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De Soto And Terra Cei, John R. Swanton Apr 2021

De Soto And Terra Cei, John R. Swanton

Florida Historical Quarterly

In connection with my work as chairman of the De Soto Expedition Commission between 1935 and 1938 I made a study of the documentary and geographical evidence regarding the location of the point where De Soto landed on the Florida coast in 1539 and the position of his first headquarters. While I was assisted to some extent by other members of the Commission, the conclusions reached were more particularly mine and I assume all responsibility for them. They were originally stated in a paper printed in “The Florida Historical Quarterly” (vol. XVI, no. 3; Jan. 1938) and were incorporated later …

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The Fatio Family: A Book Review, Walter C. Hartridge Apr 2021

The Fatio Family: A Book Review, Walter C. Hartridge

Florida Historical Quarterly

This account of the Fatios and their descendants is a significant contribution to the regional history of our country, and it deserves to be viewed and evaluated against the background of historical writing relating to the southeast for the past century and a half.

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Documents Concerning A Voyage To The Miami Region In 1793, Richard K. Murdoch Apr 2021

Documents Concerning A Voyage To The Miami Region In 1793, Richard K. Murdoch

Florida Historical Quarterly

That the southern portion of the Florida peninsular possessed no significant commercial value in colonial days was generally conceded, but its strategic importance as guardian of the Bahama Channel was fully recognized. Governors of Florida, both English and Spanish, stressed the possible dangers if this region were permitted to fall prey to enemy occupation. In spite of the acknowledged importance of the area as a military outpost, no program was undertaken by the Spanish authorities to erect permanent military bases south of the fort of San Marcos in St. Augustine and the battery on the shore of Matanzas Island. Only …

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The Pensacola Indian Trade, Peter A. Brannon Apr 2021

The Pensacola Indian Trade, Peter A. Brannon

Florida Historical Quarterly

Any account of the trade with the southern Indians out of Pensacola must of necessity be a historical recording of the contacts of Spanish (and British to an extent) West Florida with the Alabama Basin region to the north. The “Pensacola Trade Route” incidents make much of the romantic story of the early settlement of the Gulf country.

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Archeology Of The Tampa Bay Area, Ripley P. Bullen Apr 2021

Archeology Of The Tampa Bay Area, Ripley P. Bullen

Florida Historical Quarterly

While we speak of archeology as pre-history, it is as much a part of the history of any region as that which is recorded contemporaneously in writing, even though it does not relate to our own ancestors. So two of the papers read at our annual meeting were on Florida archeology. Ripley P. Bullen, Assistant Florida State Archeologist recounted the highlights of what has been learned of the central west coast.

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reviews of John M. Goggin and Frank H. Sommer III: Excavations on Upper Matecumbe Key, Florida. Yale University Publications in Anthropology number forty-one. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1949. (101 p., 8 plates, text figures); Gordon R. Willey : Excavations in Southeast Florida (Yale University Publications in Anthropology, number 42,. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1949,137 pp., 8 text figures, 16 plates); Gordon R. Willey, Archeology of the Florida Gulf Coast. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 113. 559 pp., 60 pls., 76 figs., 20 maps, 17 tables. 1949. Government Printing Office, Washington.

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Tequesta: The Journal Of The Historical Association Of Southern Florida, Florida Historical Society Mar 2021

Tequesta: The Journal Of The Historical Association Of Southern Florida, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Tequesta: The Journal of the Historical Association of Southern Florida, has appeared since our last number. It is issued annually and this is number eight. Throughout it is on the high level of former issue sand more, this is the best number yet. The last three issues have been under the direction of Dr. Charlton W. Tebeau as editor, and his policy has been to confine the articles to subjects of South Florida interest, the result is that the history of that region is steadily being written and published.

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Diego Pena’S Expedition To Apalachee And Apalachicolo In 1716, Mark F. Boyd Mar 2021

Diego Pena’S Expedition To Apalachee And Apalachicolo In 1716, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

Prior to the settlement of Charles Town in 1670, the Spanish, through the mission reductions, dominated many of the southeastern Indian tribes. Although the mission Indians generally accepted the discipline imposed, several revolts against Spanish rule nevertheless occurred, the suppression of which doubtless produced many malcontents. Furthermore the Spanish regarded the English settlement of Carolina as an encroachment on Spanish territory, although evidently not unwelcome by Indians who had become hostile to the Spaniards.

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Nocoroco, A Timucua Village Of 1605, John W. Griffin Mar 2021

Nocoroco, A Timucua Village Of 1605, John W. Griffin

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1605 Alvaro Mexia was sent on an expedition down the east coast of Florida by Governor Don Pedro de Ybarra of Spanish East Florida. Mexia followed the inland waters as far south as St. Lucie Inlet, and upon his return to St. Augustine compiled a map and itinerary which are invaluable in the study of the archaeology of the early historic period in the area.

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