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An Examination Of Welding Inputs And Outputs For The High Frequency Welding Of Steel Pipe, Lindsey Mccall Jan 2020

An Examination Of Welding Inputs And Outputs For The High Frequency Welding Of Steel Pipe, Lindsey Mccall

All ETDs from UAB

Oil and natural gas touch the lives of most people around the world each day in one way or another. As the demand for these products has risen, so has the need for more pipelines. The pipelines that transport oil and natural gas must meet a strict set of criteria to ensure safety. These criteria include mechanical properties and nondestructive testing requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine how to correlate welding inputs and outputs to weld quality, specifically the occurrence of welding discontinuities that are detrimental to the pipe and mechanical properties. The three conclusions of this …

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Developing An Assessment Of Reading Impairment And Its Impact On Occupational Performance In Older Adults With Glaucoma In A Metropolitan Area Of The Southeastern Us: A Mixed Methods Approach, Robin Deacy Jan 2020

Developing An Assessment Of Reading Impairment And Its Impact On Occupational Performance In Older Adults With Glaucoma In A Metropolitan Area Of The Southeastern Us: A Mixed Methods Approach, Robin Deacy

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According to the United States Administration on Aging (AOA, 2014), the population of individuals over 65 will be 98 million by the year 2060, doubling its 2014 estimates. As our population ages, the prevalence of glaucoma increases. Vision loss resulting from glaucoma can limit participation in valued occupations including engagement in reading. It has long been thought that mobility issues and glare sensitivity were the main factors that characterized glaucoma. In the late 1990s and early 2000s researchers began to examine quality of life (QoL) in those with glaucoma. It was during these early QoL studies that the first reports …

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Computational Modeling Of Agile Tire Slippage, Chantel Jordi Jan 2020

Computational Modeling Of Agile Tire Slippage, Chantel Jordi

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ABSTRACT Tire slippage dynamics is based on steady state analysis. This poses limits on advances in traction control systems and other vehicle control systems that can improve the safety of a vehicle. Agile tire slippage dynamics is a newer method that uses a smaller time step and time frame. It is typically applied to analyze the transient mode of a tire, which occurs within the first few milliseconds of a torque being applied to a wheel. During this time, the tire is not yet rotating, which can be a potential cause for safety hazards. Using agile tire slippage dynamics to …

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Restricting Access To Employment: A Study Of A Human Rights Violation Against Lebanon's Palestinian Refugee Population, Samih Mohamad Ali Eloubeidi Jan 2020

Restricting Access To Employment: A Study Of A Human Rights Violation Against Lebanon's Palestinian Refugee Population, Samih Mohamad Ali Eloubeidi

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While there has been an increase in refugees worldwide over the past several years, some groups, namely Palestinian refugees, have been refugees since their expulsion from Palestine in 1948. Many countries have accepted and allowed Palestinian refugees to integrate into their societies, both socially and economically, but Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are not granted many basic rights. One of these is the right to employment, which has been heavily restricted by the Lebanese government. While policy reports have described the detrimental ramifications of this lack of access to employment on Palestinian refugees’ livelihood, almost none of these have documented Palestinian …

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Parent Reactions To Sexual And Gender Identity Disclosure Events In The Deep South, Allison Claire Estep Jan 2020

Parent Reactions To Sexual And Gender Identity Disclosure Events In The Deep South, Allison Claire Estep

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Disclosure of sexuality by coming out is a central part of the process of self-identification for LGBT youth (Denes & Afifi, 2014). Parents’ initial response to their child’s coming out is linked to parent-child relationship satisfaction and if the child will later feel the need to come out for a second time or to clarify their sexual identity (Denes et al. 2014). Parental acceptance of LGBT youth’s disclosure has been linked to higher self-esteem and lower rates of suicidal tendencies, depression, and substance abuse (Needham & Austin, 2010; Ryan, Russell, Huebner, Diaz, & Sanchez, 2010). Current research regarding parent reactions …

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Public Participation As Peacebuilding: A New Model For Environmental Justice Communities, Kathryn E. Fagan Jan 2020

Public Participation As Peacebuilding: A New Model For Environmental Justice Communities, Kathryn E. Fagan

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Environmental justice seeks to address the unequal burden of environmental problems experienced by minority and low-income communities and to ensure their meaningful participation in decision-making processes. While there is increasing attention being paid to the unequal distribution, there is a lack of work that focuses explicitly on public participation in an environmental justice context. Environmental problems, in general, are complex and involve a variety of stakeholders, and environmental justice problems are further complicated by the interconnections of structural racism, historical trauma, and damaged relationships. Many of these complexities can be seen in the ongoing efforts at the 35th Avenue Superfund …

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Assessment Of Neuropsychological Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury And Association With Early Orientation Performance, Christina Diblasio Jan 2020

Assessment Of Neuropsychological Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury And Association With Early Orientation Performance, Christina Diblasio

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Moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of permanent disability, and cognition plays a critical role in overall function and life after TBI. Moderate-severe TBI often creates long-term deficits in the domains of attention, processing speed, memory, and executive function. Given the prevalence of cognitive deficits following injury and the debilitating effects these deficits can have on functioning, it is important to monitor cognition directly following injury and across recovery. Routine cognitive assessment is essential in order to identify deficits, track recovery, and better guide rehabilitation and educational efforts. It is also critical to identify accurate and feasible …

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The Benefits Of Automation In Forensic Toxicology: A Lean Six Sigma And Cost-Analysis Approach, Sarah Guertin Jan 2020

The Benefits Of Automation In Forensic Toxicology: A Lean Six Sigma And Cost-Analysis Approach, Sarah Guertin

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Reducing backlogs, improving case turnaround times, and streamlining methodologies are major focus points for forensic toxicology laboratories. In order to reduce expenses and save time, some laboratories have implemented protocols that limit their scope of testing for driving under the influence (DUI) cases. However, this approach will not only provide less information toward DUI investigations but also limit the data available to fully capture the drugged-driving problem in the United States and inhibit offenders from receiving rehabilitation. This research project explored the impact of incorporating fully automated methods into the forensic toxicology laboratory as a solution to saving money and …

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Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Particles: Ph-Sensitive Multilayer Capsules And Biodegradable Polylactic Acid Microsponges, Nirzari Gupta Jan 2020

Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Particles: Ph-Sensitive Multilayer Capsules And Biodegradable Polylactic Acid Microsponges, Nirzari Gupta

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The behavior of stimuli-responsive polymers is often inspired by the desire to mimic nature. Over the years, the development of polymeric systems, which respond to the environment by changing their physical and/or chemical properties, has been increased in biomedical and environmental applications. The demand for fresh water is also growing dramatically. This long-term development in the global water situation is closely connected to the growth of the world population and global climate change. In recent years, the use of nanomaterials in water remediation has increased considerably. In addition, shape and stimuli-responsiveness to size and surface chemistry of micro-engineered delivery carriers …

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Disease Specific Dysregulation Of Stat1 And Stat5 Activation In Mature Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Cells Influences Enhanced Kinetic Responses And Inflammation In Patients With Treatment-Naïve Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (Rrms), Brandon Jay Pope Jan 2020

Disease Specific Dysregulation Of Stat1 And Stat5 Activation In Mature Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Cells Influences Enhanced Kinetic Responses And Inflammation In Patients With Treatment-Naïve Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (Rrms), Brandon Jay Pope

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Autoimmunity is propagated through the lack of effective mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance. In relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), dysregulated adaptive immune cells have been shown to contribute to disease morbidity through the influence of immune-modulating cytokines in the peripheral blood. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine with several key functions in regulating homeostatic mechanisms within the human immune system. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a type II interferon that is needed for an effective response to intracellular bacteria infection through the actions of Th1 cells. IL-2 and IFNγ signaling occurs primarily through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation. …

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Noninvasive Neuromodulation Using A Benchtop Approach To Mri-Guided Focused Ultrasound Blood Brain Barrier Opening, Megan Rich Jan 2020

Noninvasive Neuromodulation Using A Benchtop Approach To Mri-Guided Focused Ultrasound Blood Brain Barrier Opening, Megan Rich

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Fundamental neuroscience research has provided a deeper understanding of the genes, molecules and cellular circuitry involved in neurological disorders, however translating discovery into clinical application remains a major challenge. This bench to bedside gap is in part due to the discrepancy in techniques used in the laboratory vs. the clinic for targeting the mechanisms that underlie disease. Ideally this discrepancy would be resolved not only by implementing novel clinical techniques to provide more precise targeting of disease foci, but also by using the same techniques in the clinic that are used at the lab bench to provide a direct bench …

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The Reproductive Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin Pileata) In Coastal Alabama: Implications For Conservation Amid Global Climate Change, Catherine Audrey Sirgo Jan 2020

The Reproductive Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin Pileata) In Coastal Alabama: Implications For Conservation Amid Global Climate Change, Catherine Audrey Sirgo

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The diamondback terrapin is the only emydid turtle within the United States that exclusively resides in salt marsh habitats. Over the past century, the species has seen dramatic declines in numbers due to being exploited for terrapin soup as well as other threats, including crab trap induced mortality, nest depredation, and habitat alteration or loss. In addition to these well-known historic threats, global climate change has become a growing concern due its potential threats on the terrapin and its habitat. The goal of this study was to assess the reproductive ecology of the Mississippi diamondback terrapins that reside within the …

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Epitranscriptomic Regulation Of Fibroblast Activation In Diseased Heart, Zainab Gbongbo Suleiman Jan 2020

Epitranscriptomic Regulation Of Fibroblast Activation In Diseased Heart, Zainab Gbongbo Suleiman

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Background: Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is a chemokine released during cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Evidence has shown that it plays a significant role in fibroblast differentiation/activation to myofibroblasts , which ultimately leads to adverse cardiac remodeling. It is previously suggested that m6A methylation plays important role in cardiac pathology in both ischemic and hypertrophic heart failure [1, 2], however, its role in fibroblast activation/differentiation is largely unknown. Therefore, in this study we investigated the relationship between m6A methylation and fibroblast activation using proinflammatory/profibrotic factor, TGFβ. Methods: Fibroblasts were isolated from neonatal rat heart and activated with TGFβ for 48 …

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Exploring The Roles Of Long Non-Coding Rnas In Glioblastoma Tumor Recurrence And Therapy Resistance, Christian Tyler Stackhouse Jan 2020

Exploring The Roles Of Long Non-Coding Rnas In Glioblastoma Tumor Recurrence And Therapy Resistance, Christian Tyler Stackhouse

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ABSTRACT Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary CNS brain tumor with a median survival time of around 14 months. Most patients succumb to re-current disease which is often more malignant than the primary tumor and is frequently therapy resistant. There have not been significant advances in the treatment of GBM despite decades of research. This is partly due to the lack of accurate preclinical models and of the focus on primary rather than recurrent tumors. We created a 350 gene custom GBM-specific panel which contains 16 molecular signatures including molecular sub-typing signatures. We have demonstrated concordance of …

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Calibration Of Periodontal Diagnosis Among Participants Of Various Dental Education Levels, Shadi Alkhoury Jan 2020

Calibration Of Periodontal Diagnosis Among Participants Of Various Dental Education Levels, Shadi Alkhoury

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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this project is to assess the level of calibration among dental students of two different education levels and postgraduate students of two different dental specialties during diagnosis and treatment planning of clinical cases with various levels of periodontal involvement, using the 2018 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions. Fifty-seven second year dental students (D2), 45 fourth year dental students (D4), 17 orthodontic postgraduate students (OS) and 12 postgraduate periodontology (PS) students were presented with an anonymous survey of 10 different cases, each with 5 choices of diagnosis and 7 therapeutic approaches. Consensus diagnosis was …

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Functionalized Aromatic Organic Scintillators As Tools For Non-Invasive Optogenetics, David French Jan 2020

Functionalized Aromatic Organic Scintillators As Tools For Non-Invasive Optogenetics, David French

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Optogenetics is a growing discipline of neuroscience that attempts to control brain circuits using light. Current techniques involving surgically implanted light-emittingdiodes are highly invasive. This limitation could be avoided by the use of a tissuepenetrative light source, such as x-rays, and a locally applied down-converting material. This work describes the design, optimization, and proof-of-concept application of organic aromatic-based scintillators as non-invasive tools for optogenetics. The first chapter describes the synthesis of 2-anthryl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate copolymers and an evaluation of their use as x-ray induced scintillators (radioluminescence). The 2-anthryl methacrylate monomer and the copolymers all exhibited radioluminescence in the solid state. …

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The Impact Of The Edtpa: An Inside Look From The Perspectives Of Teacher Candidates And Novice Teachers, Hannah Stephens Kennedy Jan 2020

The Impact Of The Edtpa: An Inside Look From The Perspectives Of Teacher Candidates And Novice Teachers, Hannah Stephens Kennedy

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The purpose of the qualitative research study was to examine the perspectives and experiences of teacher candidates and novice teachers regarding the edTPA assessment for teacher certification at a public university in the southeast. Aside from understanding their perspectives, the researcher hoped to gain an understanding of the impact on teaching practices and real-life experiences in the classroom. Research questions served as the framework for this study, including the following: (1) How do participants describe their perspectives and experiences as teacher candidates in the process of completing edTPA? (2) How do teacher candidates describe how edTPA influences their perspectives on …

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An Analysis Of The Impact Of The Long-Term Care Partnership Program On The Number Of Lives Covered By Long-Term Care Insurance And Medicaid Expenditures In Nursing Homes, Cheris Kline Jan 2020

An Analysis Of The Impact Of The Long-Term Care Partnership Program On The Number Of Lives Covered By Long-Term Care Insurance And Medicaid Expenditures In Nursing Homes, Cheris Kline

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The growing number of people over the age of 65 in the U.S. will exacerbate already inadequate resources for long-term care, producing increased public health costs. The Long-Term Care Partnership Program (LTCPP) was proposed to save Medicaid expenditures by incentivizing the purchase of long-term care insurance. At this juncture, it is unclear if the partnership program saves the government money. This study draws from the expected utility theory and resource dependency theory to determine whether the LTCPP has increased the purchase of private long-term care insurance and reduced Medicaid expenditures in nursing homes in states that have adopted the partnership …

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The Seventh Rider, Gregory Lallone Jan 2020

The Seventh Rider, Gregory Lallone

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The Seventh Rider is a genre-bending novel best described as a dark fantasy western with horror elements. It takes place in a fictional fantasy setting imitating and, to a degree, satirizing the real colonial and imperial culture of the mid-19th century in which the classic American Western novel generally takes place. It follows Marlough, a former highwayman and scalphunter and participant in a colonial genocide and Van Alleyn, a bounty hunter who first arrests Marlough and then forces him into a journey seeking a legal pardon and eventually a moral redemption for his past crimes. The novel adapts the “mythology” …

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Facial Recognition With Image Signaling: Efficacy Of Two Factor Authentication Utilizing A Single Image Input Mechanism On A Smartphone, Jaret Langston Jan 2020

Facial Recognition With Image Signaling: Efficacy Of Two Factor Authentication Utilizing A Single Image Input Mechanism On A Smartphone, Jaret Langston

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Society generates 2.8 quintillion bytes of new data every day. Much of this data is sensitive information that should be protected from unauthorized access. Sensitive information is defined as information that, if compromised or misused, could adversely affect the privacy of the individual or organization. There are many types of information that fit this definition and places it is found, but for this discussion we will focus on: • Personally Identifiable Information (PII) (e.g., birth date, social security number, driver’s license number, passport number). • Medical information (e.g., insurance policy numbers, prescriptions, history). • Consumer information (e.g., credit card, banking, …

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Cd8 T-Cell Responses To A Diverse Virus: Adaptation And Cross-Reactivity In Hiv Vaccination, Sushma Boppana Jan 2020

Cd8 T-Cell Responses To A Diverse Virus: Adaptation And Cross-Reactivity In Hiv Vaccination, Sushma Boppana

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In the four decades since human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was discovered, significant progress has been made in treating HIV infection and in understanding the viral and immune dynamics underlying disease pathogenesis. However, in spite of scientific advances, HIV remains a significant global health issue, and an effective preventative vaccine has yet to be created. Many groups have demonstrated the importance of CD8 T cells in viral control during natural HIV infection and believe that CD8 T cells could contribute to vaccine efficacy by alleviating disease course in individuals who became infected despite vaccination. One major obstacle to inducing potent CD8 …

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Performance Of Activated Filter Media® (Afm) In Drinking Water Treatment Systems, Jaquice Hughes Jan 2020

Performance Of Activated Filter Media® (Afm) In Drinking Water Treatment Systems, Jaquice Hughes

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ABSTRACT This dissertation evaluated the performance of activated filter media (AFM), recycled glass media used as a substitute for conventional sand filtration systems. Activated filter media is a direct replacement for sand filter media typically used during the dual media filtration methods employing sand and anthracite. One grade size of activated filter media was used: grade 1 (0.4 – 1.0 mm) to study its performance as a filtration media. This research was conducted at The Birmingham Water Works Board Experimental Pilot Treatment Facility, located at the Shades Mountain Filter Plant (SMFP). The pilot plant includes two independent treatment trains capable …

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‘Is The Dress Made To Excite Me?’: Analyzing Gender Narratives As Social Protest In Mae West’S The Drag And Joe Orton’S What The Butler Saw, Toby Camp Jan 2020

‘Is The Dress Made To Excite Me?’: Analyzing Gender Narratives As Social Protest In Mae West’S The Drag And Joe Orton’S What The Butler Saw, Toby Camp

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The Drag, the second play Mae West ever wrote and produced, debuted in 1927; What the Butler Saw, Joe Orton’s final play debuted in 1969, two years after its author’s death. These comedies are very similar when considered through the lens of Judith Butler’s gender performance theory, most notably from her books Gender Trouble (1990) and Bodies that Matter (1993). In the latter book, she notes that “Drag is subversive to the extent that it reflects on the imitative structure by which the hegemonic gender is itself produced and disputes heterosexuality’s claim on naturalness and originality” (85). Accordingly, since gender …

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Early Childhood Quality Of Education And Late-Life Cognitive Function In A Population-Based Sample From Puerto Rico, Cheyanne Celine Barba Jan 2020

Early Childhood Quality Of Education And Late-Life Cognitive Function In A Population-Based Sample From Puerto Rico, Cheyanne Celine Barba

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In general, greater years of education is associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment in older adulthood, but the strength of this association has been found to differ by study population. Additionally, quality of education is understudied, despite evidence that quality of education and, in turn, literacy, may be additional indicators of cognitive reserve. This thesis examined years of education, literacy, and childhood quality of education indicators in relation to late-life cognitive outcomes in an older Puerto Rican population. We hypothesized that greater years of education, literacy, and quality of childhood education would be positively associated with each other, as …

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The Evolution Of Racism Through The Lens Of Lynching Rhetoric And Memory, Tammy Blue Jan 2020

The Evolution Of Racism Through The Lens Of Lynching Rhetoric And Memory, Tammy Blue

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The Evolution of Racism Through the Lens of Lynching Rhetoric and Memory, examines the use of ‘lynching’ in its definition, legislation and politics. Rhetoric has the power to influence and persuade, therefore when public figures manipulate lynching rhetoric, the meaning of lynching becomes distorted. In part, this thesis explores the difficulty of defining lynching. Among others, key players in this process included Walter White of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), Monroe Work of the Tuskegee Institute, and Jessie Daniel Ames of the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching (ASWPL). Their battle to …

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Psychosocial And Physiological Correlates Of Chronic Pain In Persons Living With Hiv, Michael Owens Jan 2020

Psychosocial And Physiological Correlates Of Chronic Pain In Persons Living With Hiv, Michael Owens

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Due to recent advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) who respond well and remain adherent to their medication regimens are achieving “near normal” life expectancies. As a result, HIV is no longer considered a death sentence, but rather a chronic health condition to be managed. However, the longer a person lives with the virus, the more prone to HIV-associated chronic diseases he or she becomes. One particularly important health condition with the potential to significantly and negatively impact quality of life is chronic pain. The prevalence rates of chronic pain in PLWH are estimated to be …

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When It Breaks Us, Tabitha Palmer Jan 2020

When It Breaks Us, Tabitha Palmer

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Twins, Evie and Mel, lost their mother before their senior year of high school. The girls’ father deploys overseas to escape his grief, leaving them with an aunt they barely know to go through this painful grieving process alone in a new town. They are in constant conflict with each other due to how they cope with this unexpected upturn of their lives. Evie choses to remain optimistic, believing she will get through this and things will turn out for the better. While Mel choses to close herself off from her family, turning instead to a pen pal to maintain …

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A Mesoscale-Based Computational Mechanics Framework For Constitutive Characterization And Homogenization Of Particulate Media, Gerald Pekmezi Jan 2020

A Mesoscale-Based Computational Mechanics Framework For Constitutive Characterization And Homogenization Of Particulate Media, Gerald Pekmezi

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A complete meso-to-macro computational homogenization approach for particu-late materials has been devised and implemented in this study. Starting with experimental distributions of the micromechanical characteristics of constitutive grains, this framework uses computational modeling of mesoscale statistical ensembles to characterize effective mechanical behavior at incrementally larger mesoscopic scales. This approach is found to be useful in several ways: 1) the effective Representative Volume Element (RVE) size of particulate media can be identified using the most rigorous homogenization criterion, the Hill-Mandel macrohomogeneity condition, 2) a statistical description is possible of the effective mechanical properties of particulate media at scales below the RVE, …

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Self-Awareness Of Functional Deficits In Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Kayla Ann Steward Jan 2020

Self-Awareness Of Functional Deficits In Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Kayla Ann Steward

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Performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) can become compromised in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Poor self-awareness of deficits, also known as anosognosia, occurs in a substantial minority of those with MCI and varies in extent depending on the domain examined. This dissertation attempts to explain the inter- and intra-patient variability in anosognosia by examining (1) differences in objective IADL performance and self-awareness of functional difficulties between those with amnestic single- (-ASD) and multi-domain (-AMD) MCI, and by examining (2) the neuropsychological and (3) neuroanatomical correlates of anosognosia for IADLs in older adults across a broad …

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Developing High School Students' Historical Empathy Skills Using Historical Dialogues: A Qualitative Study, Nefertari Yancie Jan 2020

Developing High School Students' Historical Empathy Skills Using Historical Dialogues: A Qualitative Study, Nefertari Yancie

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This qualitative case study explored how perspective writing, in the form of historical dialogues, had the potential to help high school students in an urban school develop historical empathy skills. The study took place in an 11th grade United States history class where three types of data, interviews with the teacher, observation field notes, and student work, were collected over one school semester. Findings indicate that when presented with counter-narratives that introduce the experiences of groups that have been historically marginalized through U.S. history, students are more easily able to make personal connections and empathize with people from the past. …

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