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Articles 781 - 810 of 2603
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Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Phenotypes, Samantha G. Bromfield
Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Phenotypes, Samantha G. Bromfield
All ETDs from UAB
Hypertension and diabetes are common and are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several blood pressure (BP) phenotypes, identified by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), have been reported to be associated with an increased risk for CVD. However, there are few data on ABPM phenotypes among individuals with diabetes. Identifying modifiable factors that improve cardiovascular health may reduce CVD events and the prevalence of ABPM phenotypes, such as masked hypertension. Given the ability of ABPM to identify unconventional BP phenotypes that provide prognostic information beyond clinic BP, it is important to understand the optimal number of 24-hour ABPM readings necessary …
Methods For Measuring Individually Experienced Temperature And Food Intake In Controlled Thermal Environments, Molly Bernhard
Methods For Measuring Individually Experienced Temperature And Food Intake In Controlled Thermal Environments, Molly Bernhard
All ETDs from UAB
The three studies to be presented assess individual-level heat exposure in free-living urban and rural environments and assess food intake in randomized controlled trials in a 2-hour exposure, and a 7-hour crossover heat exposure. The first interest was broad: examining heat exposure and its relation to potential health outcomes. To examine whether heat exposure could be measured in free-living organisms, a light and temperature monitoring device was repurposed and used in a pilot study of individual-level heat exposure in urban and rural community members. Differences between the current and most commonly accepted way of estimating heat exposure, weather station datasets, …
Measuring Reproductive Norms And Stigma And Examining Their Roles In Unintended Pregnancy-Related Health Behavior Among Young Adult Women, Whitney Smith
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Substantial disparities are observed in rates of unintended pregnancy and the health consequences of unintended pregnancy in the United States, with these events and outcomes occurring more frequently among young adult women and women in the southern region. The contribution of social norms and stigma to these disparities is unclear. This dissertation is comprised of three manuscripts examining unintended pregnancy-related norms and stigma, and their health implications among young adult women aged 18-24 in Birmingham, Alabama. The aims of the dissertation are to (1) elucidate perceptions of norms and stigma regarding unintended pregnancy and pregnancy decisions (abortion, adoption, and parenting), …
Egesta Of The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus Promote Weight Gain In The Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei, Karen Elizabeth Jensen
Egesta Of The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus Promote Weight Gain In The Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei, Karen Elizabeth Jensen
All ETDs from UAB
Long-term economic and environmental sustainability of aquaculture will be dependent on utilization of novel nutrient sources and remediation of effluent streams. Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is a method intended to maximize productivity and minimize waste by strategically reusing effluent from a primary, fed species in the production of one or more secondary, extractive species. Such relationships are based on the trophic role of the fed and extractive species in question. Sea urchin egesta are thought to play a role in nutrient cycling in natural habitats by providing an energy source for many coprophagous deposit feeders, suspension feeders, and microbes. The …
Malaria, Changes In Angiogenesis Factors, Cytokine Profiles And Birth Outcomes, John A. Keenan
Malaria, Changes In Angiogenesis Factors, Cytokine Profiles And Birth Outcomes, John A. Keenan
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Malaria remains an important public health problem, with over three billion people at risk of infection and as many as 214 million new cases each year. Of particular concern is the effect Plasmodium falciparum malaria has on reproductive health. Malaria is responsible for a wide array of adverse birth outcomes including infant death, low birth weight, preterm delivery and small for gestational age. The mechanism by which malaria influences adverse birth outcomes remains poorly understood. Cross-sectional data from 291 women delivering infants in Ghana are used to investigate whether malaria during pregnancy was associated with select cytokines or angiogenesis factors …
The Effect Of The Combination Of Low Income And Low Education, Access To Care, And Social Isolation On Chd Outcomes In The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke (Regards) Cohort Study, Marquita Lewis
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Coronary heart disease (CHD) disparities persist for low socioeconomic populations, in spite of declines globally. In order to reduce these disparities, it is critical that investigators better understand determinants of health that exacerbate these disparities. This study investigated the association between the combination of low income and low education on CHD incidence, and the mediating effects of access to care and social isolation on this association. Data was used from participants recruited between 2003-2007 free of CHD at baseline from the national biracial prospective Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study of participants aged >45 years. …
Cell-Specific Pgc-1Α-Dependent Transcription: Implications For Cognitive And Motor Dysfunction, Laura Mcmeekin
Cell-Specific Pgc-1Α-Dependent Transcription: Implications For Cognitive And Motor Dysfunction, Laura Mcmeekin
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health beliefs in young women. The Prevention of Osteoporosis in Women (POW)
A Comprehensive Investigation Of Hp1b, A Chromatin Protein, And Its Role In Aging, Benjamin Mills Mills
A Comprehensive Investigation Of Hp1b, A Chromatin Protein, And Its Role In Aging, Benjamin Mills Mills
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Genetic regulation determines which genes are expressed, in which tissues, at which time, and to which level. This regulation is necessary for proper organismal development, and loss of gene regulation can result in phenotypic consequences. As organisms grow older, gene regulation often begins to fail, resulting in negative phenotypic outcomes associated with aging. The exact reason for this failure of gene regulation remains unknown, but current models suggest that chromatin, and its associated proteins, plays a large role. The structure of chromatin impacts gene expression, directly affecting several phenotypes including aging. In this study, we investigate HP1B, a chromatin protein, …
Molecular Analysis Of Streptococcus Mutans Genetic Diversity For The Epidemiological Study Of Oral Disease, Stephanie Stahlbuhk Momeni
Molecular Analysis Of Streptococcus Mutans Genetic Diversity For The Epidemiological Study Of Oral Disease, Stephanie Stahlbuhk Momeni
All ETDs from UAB
Dental caries is chronic global infectious disease. Streptococcus mutans are most frequently associated with dental caries. The goal of this work is to use molecular genotyping methods to investigate the genetic diversity and evidence for transmission of S. mutans for the epidemiological study of dental caries. It was first necessary to validate methods proposed in this study including choice of selective media, choice of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, and the frequency of clonality. Analysis included 13,906 S. mutans isolates obtained from oral samples collected from children and their household members in an 8-year longitudinal epidemiological study. Two genotyping methods …
Dietary Patterns, Insulin Resistance, And Cognitive Outcomes In A Cohort Of Black And White Americans, Keith Pearson
Dietary Patterns, Insulin Resistance, And Cognitive Outcomes In A Cohort Of Black And White Americans, Keith Pearson
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As life expectancy continues to increase and the number of elderly Americans rises, public health initiatives are seeking to identify modifiable risk factors to preserve cognitive function and increase quality of life in advanced ages. The primary objective of this dissertation was to investigate dietary patterns, carbohydrate consumption, and insulin resistance as modifiable risk factors that may contribute to the development of cognitive impairment and cognitive decline. Three separate studies were performed in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study, a prospective cohort containing 30,239 black and white participants. Cognitive impairment was defined using the Six-Item Screener. …
Early-Life Programming Of Emotional Behaviors And Cardiovascular Function, Samir Rana
Early-Life Programming Of Emotional Behaviors And Cardiovascular Function, Samir Rana
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Extensive evidence implicates bi-directional relationship between mood disorders and cardiovascular disorders. Early-life experience can have strong effects both on emotional development and cardiovascular function throughout life. Studies in humans are limited to correlational analyses, which are necessarily limited in terms of revealing mechanistic underpinnings of these associations. Thus, various pre-clinical models are utilized to investigate the effects of early-life experience in various domains, such as behavior and cardiovascular function, which are likely mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Previous studies have used maternal separation and neonatal handling in developing rodents as a way to model differences in early-life experience. The effect of …
Correlating High Reliability Organization Practices With Preventable Harms Across Children’S Hospitals Participating In The Children’S Hospitals’ Solutions For Patient Safety Collaborative, Kelly H. Randall
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Background: Despite significant effort, focus, and resources dedicated to reducing patient safety risk, the healthcare system continues to have high error rates. Approaches and strategies implemented to decrease human error have been marginally successful in achieving sustainable reduction in patient harm. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between high reliability and patient safety outcomes by testing the following hypotheses: Organizations exhibiting more advanced high reliability practice will have fewer hospital acquired conditions (as defined by the Serious Harm Event Index (SHE) than organizations exhibiting less advanced high reliability practices; and organizations exhibiting more advanced high …
Examining Hiv-Associated Symptom Burden And Microbial Translocation In The Veterans Aging Cohort Study: A Secondary Data Analysis, Natalie Lynn Wilson
Examining Hiv-Associated Symptom Burden And Microbial Translocation In The Veterans Aging Cohort Study: A Secondary Data Analysis, Natalie Lynn Wilson
All ETDs from UAB
group of 50 women (group 1) received computer-tailored feedback with brief counseling.
High-Intensity Interval Training With Energy Restriction Preserves Lean Tissue And Improves Glucose Tolerance In Obesity, Rachel Ann Harley
High-Intensity Interval Training With Energy Restriction Preserves Lean Tissue And Improves Glucose Tolerance In Obesity, Rachel Ann Harley
All ETDs from UAB
Calorie restriction (CR) reduces body weight (BW) and adiposity, but is often less than expected due to hypometabolism produced by reductions in lean body mass (LBM). A comparable energy deficit created by combining CR and exercise energy expenditure (EE) has been shown to attenuate the reduction in EE produced by CR. Continuous moderate-intensity training (MIT) is commonly used to sustain energy balance or expedite weight loss, but high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may produce greater results. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if HIIT preserves LBM and improves energy metabolism to a greater extent than MIT in the presence …
The Use Of An Open-Label Placebo To Treat Cancer-Related Fatigue In Cancer Survivors, Theresa Walker Hoenemeyer
The Use Of An Open-Label Placebo To Treat Cancer-Related Fatigue In Cancer Survivors, Theresa Walker Hoenemeyer
All ETDs from UAB
Background: A placebo is an inert substance (e.g., sugar pill) or procedure (e.g., sham surgery) that should confer no beneficial effects. Nonetheless, typically, 30-50% of those randomized to placebos report significant benefits. New studies indicate that the use of disclosed or open-label placebos reduces self-reported symptoms among patients with irritable bowel syndrome, migraine attacks, and major depression. Methods: The investigator conducted a 7-week pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and effects of an open-labeled administration of placebo pills on patient-reported clinical and psychosocial outcomes among cancer survivors seeking relief from cancer-related fatigue. The specific aims of this study were to: …
Uab And Project Search Provide Internship Opportunities To High School Students With Disabilities, Adam Pope
Uab And Project Search Provide Internship Opportunities To High School Students With Disabilities, Adam Pope
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No abstract provided.
Uab Studying Impact Of Ketogenic Diet On Cognition In Older Adults With Hiv, Adam Pope
Uab Studying Impact Of Ketogenic Diet On Cognition In Older Adults With Hiv, Adam Pope
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No abstract provided.
Research Shows Typical American Diet Can Worsen Chronic Pain, Staff
Research Shows Typical American Diet Can Worsen Chronic Pain, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Uab Launches Online Gout-Diet Survey, Alicia Rohan
Uab Launches Online Gout-Diet Survey, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Researchers Suggest U.S. Dietary Guidelines Lack Scientific Credibility, Alicia Rohan
Researchers Suggest U.S. Dietary Guidelines Lack Scientific Credibility, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Uab Hospital Recognized As First Baby-Friendly Hospital In Birmingham Area, Staff
Uab Hospital Recognized As First Baby-Friendly Hospital In Birmingham Area, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Allison Elected Fellow Of The American Heart Association, Staff
Allison Elected Fellow Of The American Heart Association, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Living With Cancer Symposium, Staff
Shrimp May Grow Faster, Bigger, Healthier And Tastier On Sea Urchin Droppings Diet, Staff
Shrimp May Grow Faster, Bigger, Healthier And Tastier On Sea Urchin Droppings Diet, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Uab Study Looks To Improve Medication Adherence In African-American Glaucoma Patients, Alicia Rohan
Uab Study Looks To Improve Medication Adherence In African-American Glaucoma Patients, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Understanding, Evaluating, And Communicating Nutrition: A Researcher's Perspective, Staff
Understanding, Evaluating, And Communicating Nutrition: A Researcher's Perspective, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Williams Earns Grant To Study Perceptions Of Discrimination In Health Care, Staff
Williams Earns Grant To Study Perceptions Of Discrimination In Health Care, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Low-Carb Diet Could Help Adults With Spinal Cord Injury, Alicia Rohan
Low-Carb Diet Could Help Adults With Spinal Cord Injury, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Prestigious Komen Traineeship Awarded To Uab School Of Nursing, Staff
Prestigious Komen Traineeship Awarded To Uab School Of Nursing, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Blood Tests Reveal Early Signs Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Obese African-American Teens, Tyler Greer
Blood Tests Reveal Early Signs Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Obese African-American Teens, Tyler Greer
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No abstract provided.