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Articles 601 - 630 of 2603
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
February 9, 2018 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham
February 9, 2018 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham
eReporter (campus newsletter)
No abstract provided.
Portrait Of Former Chair Of Medicine Unveiled Before Descendants And School Leaders, Jane Longshore
Portrait Of Former Chair Of Medicine Unveiled Before Descendants And School Leaders, Jane Longshore
Browse All News
No abstract provided.
Freshstart! Program Is Available At Uab For Cancer Survivors, Beena Thannickal
Freshstart! Program Is Available At Uab For Cancer Survivors, Beena Thannickal
Browse All News
No abstract provided.
Students Make Fitness Fun For Everyone, Staff
Freshstart! Program Is Available At Uab For Cancer Survivors, Staff
Freshstart! Program Is Available At Uab For Cancer Survivors, Staff
Browse All News
No abstract provided.
Study Examines Obesity And Reproductive Status Of Zoo Elephants, Staff
Study Examines Obesity And Reproductive Status Of Zoo Elephants, Staff
Browse All News
No abstract provided.
Uab Magazine - Fall 2018, University Of Alabama At Birmingham
Uab Magazine - Fall 2018, University Of Alabama At Birmingham
UAB Magazine
No abstract provided.
Uab Magazine - Spring 2018, University Of Alabama At Birmingham
Uab Magazine - Spring 2018, University Of Alabama At Birmingham
UAB Magazine
No abstract provided.
Overcoming Obesity-Induced Immunotherapeutic Impairment, Shannon Boi
Overcoming Obesity-Induced Immunotherapeutic Impairment, Shannon Boi
All ETDs from UAB
Obesity affects ~40% of United States adults and is linked to the development of multiple health-related complications. Obesity is a major risk factor for developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most common type of renal cancer. Metastatic RCC has poor five-year survivals, therefore, new, efficacious therapeutics are needed. One avenue is immunomodulation to generate tumor-specific, systemic anti-tumor responses that are long-lasting against local, metastatic, and recurrent tumors. Despite encouraging results, immunotherapeutic treatment of RCC is underwhelming. Cytokine therapies are largely toxic, while newly FDA-approved ‘checkpoint blockade’ (CB) antibodies have responses <50%. Here, we present a strategy employing a T cell priming therapy (AdTR/CpG) upstream of CB administration. Combinatorial use resulted in improved anti-tumoral immune responses, significantly reduced tumor burdens, and extended overall survival in pre-clinical RCC. Importantly, this approach was more efficacious than either single agent(s). Pre-clinical therapy development is often accomplished using lean, healthy animals–thus, to improve translatability we examined immune responses in the context of obesity as a major patient comorbidity. Subsequently, we investigated AdTR/CpG/CB in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Tumor/treatment-naïve DIO mice exhibited obesity-associated features; i.e., increased leptin/insulin and serum cytokines. These effects were not dependent on high-fat diet administration as mice resistant to weight gain had minimal alterations in these factors, and were similar to mice maintained on standard chow. As previously identified, 80% of DIO mice bearing renal tumors failed to respond to AdTR/CpG. AdTR/CpG/CB-treatment dramatically improved response rates against DIO tumors, however, decreased obese responder percentages were observed in both combinatorial therapies and was independent of high fat diet administration alone. Impaired response rates were not model or immunotherapy-specific as similar reductions in tumor clearance were seen in models of melanoma and sarcoma. Furthermore, responses were not due to initial T cell priming or unequal precursor CD8+ T cell frequencies. Detrimental changes in the tumor microenvironment underscored failure in obese mice and revealed therapeutic success was defined by a T cell-myeloid cell-inversion profile, supported by immunogenetic and flow cytometric analyses. Thus, we demonstrate a novel combinatorial approach for improving checkpoint-based outcomes, and identify the ability of host obesity to impede therapy-induced anti-tumor immunity.
Disaster Medical Preparedness In The Birmingham Metropolitan Community, Angela Hollowell
Disaster Medical Preparedness In The Birmingham Metropolitan Community, Angela Hollowell
All ETDs from UAB
This research study aims to determine the presence of disaster medical preparedness in residents of the Birmingham metropolitan area. A concurrent collection of qualitative and quantitative data analysis was used to assess the perceived risk of a natural disaster, determine the socioeconomic status of residents, evaluate the health needs of residents, and examine the presence of disaster medical preparedness. Face-to-face interviews of research participants were conducted for six weeks at five churches: 6th Avenue Baptist Church, Avondale Church of Christ, Mountain Brook Community Church, Southside Church of God, and True Love Church of Ensley. In analyzing the results of the …
Heart Failure In A Contemporary Biracial Cohort, Matthew Mefford
Heart Failure In A Contemporary Biracial Cohort, Matthew Mefford
All ETDs from UAB
Heart failure (HF) is the inability of the heart to meet the perfusion needs of the body. HF is a leading contributor to the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and remains a public health concern. Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for the prevention and management of HF. Hypertension develops earlier, is less controlled, and has a stronger association with some CVD and renal outcomes among blacks versus whites. These disparities may extend to HF. In addition, adults with HF often have complex treatment regimens due to multimorbidity, making medication adherence an issue. The goal of this dissertation was …
Diet, Physical Activity, And Healthy Aging In People Living With Hiv, Josh Newson Muhammad
Diet, Physical Activity, And Healthy Aging In People Living With Hiv, Josh Newson Muhammad
All ETDs from UAB
As life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH) has increased, healthy aging in this community has become an emerging public health concern. Although the benefits of adopting healthy diets and regular physical activity are well-documented, implementing strategies for lifestyle modifications among older PLWH remains a challenge. The complex milieu of social, physiological and economic burdens encountered by PLWH exposes this population to increased risk for adverse health outcomes, especially from preventable metabolic diseases. The interaction of diet, physical activity and social determinants of health in persons who are HIV positive is an understudied area. The aim of this dissertation …
Immune Modulation Of Pain And Recovery Via Diet, Stacie Totsch
Immune Modulation Of Pain And Recovery Via Diet, Stacie Totsch
All ETDs from UAB
Chronic pain is the most common disability in the United States. Additionally, one out of three adults in America are obese and obesity and pain are often comorbid. Obesity is an inflammatory state due to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators from adipose tissue. Generally, obesity is a result of a poor-quality diet. Specific dietary components and patterns are independent activators of the immune system and can exacerbate the obesity-induced inflammatory state. It is known that immune system activation is a critical aspect in the development and progression of many chronic pain conditions. To address a general lack of preclinical investigations …
Reaching Consensus On Global Health Nursing Competencies For Baccalaureate Nursing Education In The United States: A Delphi Method Study, Herica Maria Torres-Alzate
Reaching Consensus On Global Health Nursing Competencies For Baccalaureate Nursing Education In The United States: A Delphi Method Study, Herica Maria Torres-Alzate
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this study was to reach consensus among experts on global health competencies for baccalaureate nursing students in the United States. A Nursing Global Health Competencies Framework (NGHCF) was created to guide identification of the domains and competencies for BSN nursing education. A three-round modified Delphi study intersected with a mixed methods research approach to reach consensus from experts in global health on essential global health competencies in nursing. The first phase revised the original list of competencies based on: (a) qualitative responses to the surveys conducted by Wilson et al. (2012), Ventura et al. (2014), and Warren …
Factors Assocaited With Sedentary Lifestyle In Women Participants In Calm (Counseling And Lifestyle Management) Study, Amber Watts
Factors Assocaited With Sedentary Lifestyle In Women Participants In Calm (Counseling And Lifestyle Management) Study, Amber Watts
All ETDs from UAB
Significant evidence has identified the importance of physical activity to the overall health and reduction in disease among humans. The World Health Organization (WHO) has implemented physical activity recommendations as guidelines to increase physical activity among the world population. However, evidence continues to show high levels of self-reported physical inactivity and growing prevalence of related chronic diseases (i.e. type 2 diabetes, stroke, and obesity), particularly among women. To increase participants߀™ knowledge of the benefits of physical activity and reduction of barriers continues to be focal point of interventions. However, studies indicate including more social, theory and cognitive aspects to these …
Combinatorial Withaferin A And Sulforaphane And Their Potential Roles In Breast Cancer Prevention And Therapy, Kendra Jeanine Royston
Combinatorial Withaferin A And Sulforaphane And Their Potential Roles In Breast Cancer Prevention And Therapy, Kendra Jeanine Royston
All ETDs from UAB
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and is a devastating disease. Breast cancer is of particular interest because it is a major cause of cancer-related fatality in women in the United States. To date, more than 40,000 women are expected to die due to breast cancer and more than 200,000 will be diagnosed every year. Despite numerous advancements in the field, breast cancer remedies can be harsh and while life may be prolonged, the quality of life may decrease. This being said, preventive measures and less harsh treatment options are needed to help eliminate breast cancer as a …
Molecular Characterization Of The Rare Cftr Mutation P67l As A Model For Genotype-Specific Drug Development And Personalized Medicine In Cystic Fibrosis, Carleen Mae Pomperada Sabusap
Molecular Characterization Of The Rare Cftr Mutation P67l As A Model For Genotype-Specific Drug Development And Personalized Medicine In Cystic Fibrosis, Carleen Mae Pomperada Sabusap
All ETDs from UAB
The traditional CFTR functional defect subcategories (i.e. protein misfolding, gating, conductance, etc.) are sometimes inadequate for determining patients most likely to benefit from emerging modulator treatment. We employ the P67L variant as emblematic of ways a thorough biochemical analysis of a rare CF defect can guide new therapeutic approaches, help predict drug response, and facilitate clinical precision. Historically, P67L has been designated a class IV conductance abnormality (i.e., malformed ion pore). In contrast, our studies demonstrate P67L disrupts CFTR protein maturation, prompts misfolding, causes gating defects, and exhibits wild-type like conductance. We show that P67L CFTR is robustly rescued by …
Understanding The Role Of Social Media In Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Study, Kara Skelton
Understanding The Role Of Social Media In Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Study, Kara Skelton
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Breastfeeding is well known as the optimal source of nutrition for the first year of life. However, suboptimal exclusively breastfeeding rates in the US are still prevalent despite numerous calls to action at the national level. A mixed-methods study was conducted to explore social media group’ impact on breastfeeding related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Participants were recruited from one online social media pro-breastfeeding group. Online Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 21 women; Key Informant Interviews were conducted with 12 mothers. Qualitative data were aggregated for thematic analysis. A survey was developed based on findings from the qualitative …
The Influence Of Child, Parent, And Context Factors On Children’S Traffic Injury Risk, Emma Sartin Goodman
The Influence Of Child, Parent, And Context Factors On Children’S Traffic Injury Risk, Emma Sartin Goodman
All ETDs from UAB
Child restraint systems, like car seats and booster seats, are effective at preventing serious injury and death for children involved in motor vehicle collisions. Despite this, the majority of families in the United States either do not use, or incorrectly use, child restraint systems. Further, racial minorities are consistently reported to have higher rates of child restraint system non- and misuse than their White peers; research has yet to explain this relationship with previously hypothesized factors (e.g., caregiver education, sources of information). The overall objective of this project was to explain how child, caregiver, and context factors interacted to influence …
Examining Kindergarten Teachers' Beliefs About And Implementation Of School, Family, And Community Partnerships In Saudi Arabia, Najla Albaiz
All ETDs from UAB
The research examined kindergarten teachers’ beliefs and implementation of school, family, and community partnerships (SFCPs) in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. It used Epstein’s model of SFCPs including the following practices: parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision-making, and collaborating with the community. Two strands were employed: the quantitative obtained teachers’ beliefs and implementation of the SFCP practices by surveying a sample of 266 teachers from 126 public kindergartens. The follow up qualitative strand included a purposeful sample of 12 teachers to explore their experiences with SFCPs within three different social and economic areas (SEAs): High, middle, and low SEAs. Two-way …
Examining The Relationship Between Teacher Beliefs, Prekindergartener’S Self-Regulation And Classroom Quality: Informing Professional Development Programs, Cailin Jane Kerch
Examining The Relationship Between Teacher Beliefs, Prekindergartener’S Self-Regulation And Classroom Quality: Informing Professional Development Programs, Cailin Jane Kerch
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this convergent parallel, mixed methods study was to examine and explore the relationship between subjective teacher beliefs, classroom quality, and pre-kindergartener’s self-regulatory abilities within a publicly funded pre-kindergarten program. Teacher subjective beliefs (beliefs of classroom management, classroom practice, and beliefs of children) were studied operantly using Q-Methodology, in addition to, audio-recorded focus groups to explore the lived experience of teachers within the sample (n = 20). Classroom quality was measured using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) and pre-kindergartener’s self-regulatory abilities were studied using pre/post proxy items from the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment for Preschoolers, Second Edition …
The Effects Of Glucose And Amino Acid Restriction On Protein Turnover And Micro-Rna Composition In The Muscle Of Rainbow Trout, Mary Neslund Latimer
The Effects Of Glucose And Amino Acid Restriction On Protein Turnover And Micro-Rna Composition In The Muscle Of Rainbow Trout, Mary Neslund Latimer
All ETDs from UAB
Changes in nutritional status, through glucose and amino acid restriction, have the ability to augment both the protein turnover and micro-RNA (miR) composition in the skeletal muscle of rainbow trout in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the restriction of glucose in the media for a period of 24h was able to reduce protein synthesis by 41.2% compared to control conditions. In addition, 48h of glucose restriction affected the expression of both mstn2a and igfbp5, genes involved in muscle growth dynamics and synthesis. The restriction of amino acids, specifically the amino acid methionine, in vitro was able to reduce the …
Gender-Specific Facilitators And Barriers To Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: A Mixed Methods Study, Leigh Ann Bray
Gender-Specific Facilitators And Barriers To Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: A Mixed Methods Study, Leigh Ann Bray
All ETDs from UAB
BACKGROUND: With the life expectancy of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) doubling over the last two decades, it is critical that healthcare providers address both quantity and quality of life. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) encompasses physical, social, psychological, and functional aspects of daily living and how CF impacts each one. Women with CF consistently report having an overall poorer quality of life across international studies, but the cause of the gender difference is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in HRQoL and then build upon those results to better understand gender-specific facilitators and barriers …
Parental Self-Efficacy, Feeding Practices, And Weight Gain During Infancy: A Secondary Analysis, Jessica Bahorski
Parental Self-Efficacy, Feeding Practices, And Weight Gain During Infancy: A Secondary Analysis, Jessica Bahorski
All ETDs from UAB
Mechanisms contributing to childhood obesity begin during early life, including infant feeding practices and an excessive rate of infant growth. Parental decisions regarding their infant contribute to these mechanisms. Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is the belief parents have in their ability to accomplish the tasks of parenting and is associated with infant outcomes. A high sense of PSE, breastfeeding self-efficacy, or self-efficacy for feeding has been found to be associated with healthy infant feeding practices. However, this research is limited in scope and has not been conducted in populations at greatest risk for childhood obesity such as low-income or African-American infants. …
Effect Of Dietary Compounds In Epigenetic Modulation And Microbial Alteration And Their Roles In Breast Tumor Inhibition, Bidisha Paul
Effect Of Dietary Compounds In Epigenetic Modulation And Microbial Alteration And Their Roles In Breast Tumor Inhibition, Bidisha Paul
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Current methods of chemoprevention and therapy have cytotoxic effects and have several short-term and long-term side effects. Therefore, the use of natural dietary bioactive compounds has gained prominence as safe and effective agents of chemoprevention and therapy. Genistein (GE), an isoflavone found in soy products, has been shown to exhibit several anticancer properties, particularly as an epigenetic modifier. We have observed that GE has the ability to alter the gut microbiome of germ-free mice humanized with fecal transplants from breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We …
The Role Of Astrocytes In The Development Of Central Chemosensitivity, Kelsey Patterson
The Role Of Astrocytes In The Development Of Central Chemosensitivity, Kelsey Patterson
All ETDs from UAB
In the two decades since MECP2 was identified as the causative gene in the majority of Rett Syndrome (RTT) cases, transgenic mouse models have played a critical role in our understanding of this X-linked neurodevelopmental disease. However, their exclusive use presents a limitation in translating findings from animal models to the clinic. Here, we characterized growth, anatomical, behavioral, and motor deficits in a novel zinc-finger nuclease murine RTT model from birth through adulthood. Male rats lacking the transcriptional regulatory protein, MeCP2 (Mecp2ZFN/y), are noticeably symptomatic as early as postnatal day (P) 21 and die prematurely, while females lacking one copy …
The Effects Of Body Size, Growth, And History Of Diabetes On Glioma Risk, Rebecca Barnhill Little
The Effects Of Body Size, Growth, And History Of Diabetes On Glioma Risk, Rebecca Barnhill Little
All ETDs from UAB
Many dietary exposures have weak or null associations with glioma risk. As nutrition can affect growth rate in adolescence, body size throughout the lifespan, and the propensity for Type 2 diabetes, the goal of this project was to examine the relationships between these surrogates of nutritional states and the risk of glioma. The aims of this project were to examine the associations between glioma risk and 1) self-reported body measures; 2) age when full height was attained; 3) and a history of diabetes. To investigate the first aim, 1,111 glioma cases and 1,096 community controls completed a structured interview to …
Frontotemporal Epilepsy Presenting As Phantosmia, Parit Patel, Jitesh Kar
Frontotemporal Epilepsy Presenting As Phantosmia, Parit Patel, Jitesh Kar
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2018 clinical vignette poster
Infant Anorexia: A Case Study Of Oral Aversion Disorder, Jennie Stanford, Shivani Malhorta
Infant Anorexia: A Case Study Of Oral Aversion Disorder, Jennie Stanford, Shivani Malhorta
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2018 clinical vignette poster
The Results Of Teaching Healthcare Coaching Today, Benefits For Tomorrow, Meredith Lewis, Haley Phillippe, Liana Gefter
The Results Of Teaching Healthcare Coaching Today, Benefits For Tomorrow, Meredith Lewis, Haley Phillippe, Liana Gefter
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2018 research poster