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January 24, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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January 23, 2012 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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January 20, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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New Uab, Piggly Wiggly Program Helps Customers Make Healthful Choices, Alicia Rohan

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January 17, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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January 9, 2012 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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January 6, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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January 3, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

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Uab Magazine - Fall 2012, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

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Design Of A Torsion Tester For Study Of The Effects Of Diabetes And Obesity On Murine Bone Properties, Brandon Sherrod, Shawn Gilbert, Krista Casazza, Alan Eberhardt

Inquiro (undergraduate research journal)

pp. 36-42

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Complex Interactions Between Marine Sponges And Their Symbiotic Microbial Communities, Christopher John Freeman

All ETDs from UAB

Microbial communities spanning nearly all evolutionary lineages of bacteria and archaea are found within many species of marine sponges. Although diverse microbial metabolic pathways may benefit sponge hosts, minimal experimental evidence exists supporting host assimilation of symbiont-derived nutrients. By coupling manipulative shading experiments with stable isotope analyses of isolated microbial and sponge cell fractions, I provide evidence that some sponge hosts assimilate a large proportion of their C and N from microbial symbionts and that these inputs are crucial to host performance. Interestingly, however, these interactions are highly variable across host species, suggesting that overall symbiont abundance alone does not …

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Childhood Obesity: The Role Of Genetic Admixture, Parental Feeding Practices, And The School Food Environment, Michelle Cardel

All ETDs from UAB

Disentangling the etiology of pediatric obesity continues to challenge researchers due to the interconnecting of behavioral, physiological, environmental, and genetic factors. Studies have focused on the role of the obesogenic environment, characterized by excess energy intake and sedentary behavior, as it relates to weight and fat gain in children. Although these factors certainly have an impact on fat accumulation, increased energy intake and decreased physical activity do not solely account for the increasing trends in obesity prevalence. Less explored genetic and environmental factors may contribute independently and/or synergistically to the current obesity epidemic, and that, these factors could vary in …

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Real-Time Quantitative Pcr For Evaluation Of Mutans Streptococci And Dental Caries, Chanika Manmontri

All ETDs from UAB

Mutans streptococci (MS), e.g., Streptococcus mutans (Sm) and Streptococcus sobrinus (Ss), are associated with dental caries. Quantification of MS has been shown to predict caries risk. A new technology using PCR may streamline quantification compared to traditional culture methods. Purpose: To use real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and standard plate counting (SPC) for detection and quantification of levels of Sm, Ss and total streptococci (TS) in clinical samples from high-caries-risk children with no regular access to dental care and to study correlation of these bacterial levels and ratios to caries prevalence. Methods: Saliva and plaque samples were collected from school-aged children …

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Apolipoprotein E Mimetic Peptide Improves Hdl Functionality And Inhibits Atherosclerosis Progression In Mouse Models Of Atherosclerosis, Gaurav Nayyar

All ETDs from UAB

Despite major advances in diagnosis and treatment, coronary artery disease (CAD) is still the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in United States. An ideal treatment for lipid-mediated inflammatory disorders would not only reduce plasma cholesterol dramatically but also improve high density lipoproteins (HDL) function. Apolipoprotein E (apo E), a protein component of HDL and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), is necessary for the receptor mediated hepatic uptake of apolipoprotein-B (apo B) containing remnant lipoproteins and also possesses strong anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that a synthetic dual domain apo E mimetic peptide, Ac-hE18A-NH2 (a 28-residue peptide) containing receptor binding …

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Centering Pregnancy And Adverse Pregnancy Outcome: An Evaluation Of Group Prenatal Care In A Rural Western Kentucky Clinic, Lorie Wayne Chesnut

All ETDs from UAB

CenteringPregnancySmiles [TM] (CPS), a group prenatal care program with an oral health component, has demonstrated promising results in urban communities with primarily low-income minority women. This study examined three questions: 1) Do women who participate in CPS have better birth outcomes than those who participate in traditional prenatal care, even after adjusting for maternal characteristics and risk factors? 2) Is level of exposure to the intervention associated with improved birth outcomes? 3) Do women with dental infection have an increased risk of poor birth outcomes? Data were abstracted from medical records and birth certificates. Birth outcomes for women enrolled in …

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The Effect Of Environmental Ozone Exposure On The Postnatal Lung, Katherine Leah Tuggle Stringer

All ETDs from UAB

In the U.S., approximately 37 million children reside in geographic locales that experience unhealthy ozone levels. This population is of great concern as they are undergoing active lung growth and cellular differentiation which may alter their susceptibility to inhaled toxicants. Epidemiological and animal studies indicate that early life ozone exposure results in altered lung development, potentially facilitating predisposition to chronic pulmonary conditions in adulthood. The goal of this dissertation was to evaluate short and long-term effects of ozone exposure in the developing lung. The first study evaluated acute effects of ozone exposure in the postnatal and adult lung. The results …

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Evaluating The Efficacy Of Computer Social Skills Game In Improving The Social-Emotional Development Of Head Start Children, Trista Perez

All ETDs from UAB

The preschool years are an important time for cognitive and social development. Children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are often subject to difficulties in social-emotional competence. Head Start programs have a goal of improving social-emotional development of children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Social skills interventions teach fundamental social skills. FaceSayTM, a computer-based intervention teaches skills such as eye gaze and face processing with a goal of improving face and emotion recognition. FaceSayTM performance was not predictive of post intervention face and emotion recognition. Based on the results, cognitive scores predicted increased face recognition scores post intervention; however, the assignment to FaceSayTM …

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Neighborhood Context And Birth Outcomes: Preconception Diet And Physical Activity Level As Intervening Behavioral Variables, Lee Anne Flagg

All ETDs from UAB

Using a human ecological model of health, preconception diet and physical activity level were hypothesized to mediate the association between neighborhood disadvantage and disorder and birth weight. It was also hypothesized that these factors would mediate the association between neighborhood disadvantage and disorder and preterm birth. Secondary data analyses were conducted using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The final analytic sample consisted of 523 adolescent and young adult mothers giving singleton live births between 1997 and 1998. The primary dependent variables were birth weight (grams) and gestational age (weeks). An index of various census tract-level indicators …

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The Effect Of Liver X Receptor Α Deficiency In Skeletal Muscle On Lipid Content In Mice, Yishu Ding

All ETDs from UAB

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are important regulators of cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose homeostasis. Many researchs focus on the liver, but tissue-specific roles of LXRs in other tissues remain elusive. Based on in vitro studies on cultured cells, the roles of LXRs in skeletal muscle have been proposed. Nevertheless, the in vivo roles of LXRs in skeletal muscle remain lacking. Skeletal muscle is an important insulin targeting tissue, which plays a key role in regulating insulin sensitivity. Abnormal lipid metabolism and homeostasis have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. To …

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Benefits And Barriers To Medically Supervised Pediatric Weight-Mangement Programs, Cindy Grimes-Robison

All ETDs from UAB

Abstract is in paper

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Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Illicit Drug Use: Longitudinal Temporal Associations And Comorbidity In A Community Sample Of Adults, Yulia Khodneva

All ETDs from UAB

Cross-sectional studies of the community and treatment samples suggest substantial comorbidity between depression and illicit drug use disorders. Controversy exists whether such pattern of comorbidity is seen among drug using behaviors and depressive symptoms that fall short of the DSM-IV criteria for a clinical disorder. This dissertation research applied principles of the life course perspective and trajectory modeling to describe heterogeneity and comorbidity of subthreshold depressive symptoms with opioid, cocaine and amphetamine use in middle age. Secondary analysis of community-dwelling adults from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study was performed. The CARDIA cohort, N=5115 at inception …

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Histomorphometry And Quantitative Analysis Of Longer-Term Implant Interfaces, Dave Darko Kojic

All ETDs from UAB

Objective: This investigation was to evaluate (>10 year) bone response around custom (HA plasma coated) dental implants and HA particulate. Materials and Methods: Three individual post mortem mandibular COI Implants with surrounding bone were processed at six transverse locations to obtain non-decalcified ground sections (20-80µm)(n=36) and stained initially with methylene blue/basic fuchsin. Slides were evaluated to select (n= 8) slides for regions of interest along the perimeter of the implant, using optical microscopy (Olympus BX51 microscope) with a Retiga EXi color digital camera (Olympus, Center Valley, PA) and Bioquant VR software (R&M Biometrics, Nashville, TN) at an original magnification …

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An Exploration Of Factors Associated With Pre-Diabetes In The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke (Regards) Study Cohort, Loretta Taylor Lee

All ETDs from UAB

Pre-diabetes is a major contributor to increased morbidity and mortality in the US. Without proper and timely intervention the majority of individuals with pre-diabetes will develop Type 2 diabetes. African Americans (AA) and people living in the Stroke Belt have increased odds of developing pre-diabetes compared to Whites and people living outside the Stroke Belt. While several covariates have been identified as contributors to the increased odds of pre-diabetes there is little consensus on which covariates may be responsible for the disparities of pre-diabetes. The reasons for disparities in pre-diabetes are complex and require further investigation. This study explored the …

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A Pilot Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis As A Clinical Assessment Tool Of Nutrition Status In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients (The Beam Study [Bia Effectiveness As Assessment Tool For Gbm Patients]), Rebecca V. Barnhill

All ETDs from UAB

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare brain tumor, yet accounts for 80% of malignant brain tumors and has a five-year survival rate of < 5%. Few studies have evaluated nutrition recommendations and outcomes of this disease, including caloric needs. The purpose of this study was to find the best predictive equation for resting energy expenditure (REE) for GBM patients and evaluate bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a clinical tool for estimating REE and fat free mass (FFM) of GBM patients. REE was measured with indirect calorimetry. FFM was measured with DXA and estimated with BIA. Published predictive equations for REE were calculated to compare to measured REE. Six equations used variables easily attained in a clinical setting and three used FFM. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the strength of the relationships between measured and predicted REE. Agreement between methods on the group level was assessed by comparing the group means of measured and predicted REE with paired t-tests. The Bland-Altman approach was used to find agreement between the methods on the individual level. Analysis included fifteen newly diagnosed GBM patients (7 male and 8 female; mean age 57.1±11.6 years) to evaluate equations using clinical variables and a subsample of eight to evaluate predictive equations using FFM. All the predictive equations overestimated measured REE. The Mifflin-St Jeor was the only equation using clinical variables which was not significantly different from measured REE (p=0.054) and had the lowest bias (73 kcal/day) and narrowest limits of agreement. Likewise, Cunningham and Wang equations using FFM from DXA were not significantly different from measured (p=0.261 and p=0.072, respectively). BIA overestimated FFM compared to DXA, 54.1 kg and 49.2 kg, respectively (p<0.001). More visits with both DXA and BIA measurements available are needed before predictive equations with clinical variables and predictive equations with FFM can be compared. Due to the ease of obtaining clinical variables and the low bias and narrow limits of agreement found for the Mifflin equation, at this time it appears to be the best predictive equation for individuals with GBM.

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The Hypometabolic Actions Of Hydrogen Sulfide In Mammalian Systems, Asaf Stein

All ETDs from UAB

In recent years, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been identified as a ubiquitous cell signaling molecule. In addition to its diverse physiological roles, H2S has emerged as a possible drug therapy, with a wide range of applications. Along with cytoprotective effects in pathological states such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, H2S has been shown to decrease aerobic metabolism in a reversible manner. This dissertation is focused on exploring H2S-induced hypometabolism and the implications therein for human health and disease. We have shown that rats exposed to 80 ppm H2S gas in combination with low oxygen (10.5% O2) for 6 hr exhibit decreases in …

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The Characteristics Of Soft Tissue Following Root Coverage Procedures With Two Types Of Acellular Dermal Matrix Allografts, Ramzi Abou Arraj

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Acellular dermal matrix allograft (ADMA) has emerged as a reliable substitute for autogenous soft tissue grafts in the treatment of gingival recessions and lack of keratinized gingiva (KG). ADMA has been hypothesized to create a zone of "immobile tissue" extending apical to the mucogingival junction (MGJ). This project aims to investigate the presence of this zone associated with the use of a coronally advanced flap in combination with either AlloDerm® (ADMA A) or Puros Dermis® (ADMA B) for root coverage procedures. Twenty patients, each presenting with one Miller Class I or II recession defect, were randomized to receive either ADMA …

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Exploring Health Disparities For Children In The City Of Milwaukee, Mark Edwin Anderson

All ETDs from UAB

This study investigated whether school-based oral health programs as a public policy intervention increased dental sealant applications among children from low-income families and minorities in public schools in inner city Milwaukee. By using a difference-in-differences analysis, we examined pre-post time frames, 2001-2003 and 2008-2009, to determine sealant application usage in public schools in nine inner city Milwaukee zip codes after the intervention of a public policy initiative to expand school-based oral health programs with the expressed intent of increasing placement of dental sealants in children at high risk for dental decay and disease. Results of a binary logistic regression revealed …

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Influences Of Habitual Diet, Ethnicity, And Age On Circulating Total Ghrelin, Amy Ellis

All ETDs from UAB

Ghrelin is a hormone known to stimulate appetite and food intake. Although certain macronutrients differentially suppress ghrelin on an acute basis, it is unknown whether habitual macronutrient intake affects circulating ghrelin. Thus, the first experimental aim was to determine whether 8-week habituation to diets differing in carbohydrate or fat would affect fasting ghrelin or ghrelin response to a mixed meal. Recent reports also suggest that ghrelin regulation may relate to propensity for obesity. Obesity is more prevalent among AA compared to EA, with the highest rates among AA females. This disparity becomes apparent before puberty, and childhood obesity tends to …

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Sleep Quality, Stress, Caregiver Burden, And Quality Of Life In Maternal Caregivers Of Young Children With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Christine A. Feeley

All ETDs from UAB

Mothers are usually the primary caregivers of young children with a chronic illness such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and may have no formal caregiver training. Children with BPD often require complex healthcare at home (complex medication regimens, oxygen via nasal cannula, Gastrostomy feedings, etc.), thus many maternal caregivers experience difficulty balancing the needs of their child with their own needs and other responsibilities. As such, maternal caregivers may report increased levels of stress and caregiver burden, as well as decreased quality of life (QOL). Additionally, a great number of maternal caregivers report poor sleep quality due to nighttime caregiving duties. …

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Fat Distribution And Metabolic Health: The Effects Of Macronutrient Manipulation On Fat Distribution, Weight Loss, And Glucose Metabolism, Amy Miskimon Goss

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Fat distribution pattern may contribute to risk of development of metabolic diseases such and type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the precise nature of the relationships between adipose tissue depots and metabolic health remains controversial. Additionally, further research is needed to identify optimal dietary approaches to reduce disease risk and visceral adiposity among overweight and obese individuals, who may already be on a trajectory for development of metabolic disease. Therefore, the goal of this project was to examine relationships of adipose tissue depots with insulin sensitivity, and then to determine if diets differing in CHO and fat content can …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

January 24, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

January 23, 2012 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

January 20, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

New Uab, Piggly Wiggly Program Helps Customers Make Healthful Choices, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

January 17, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

January 9, 2012 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

January 6, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

January 3, 2012 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

Uab Magazine - Fall 2012, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

Design Of A Torsion Tester For Study Of The Effects Of Diabetes And Obesity On Murine Bone Properties, Brandon Sherrod, Shawn Gilbert, Krista Casazza, Alan Eberhardt

Inquiro (undergraduate research journal)

Complex Interactions Between Marine Sponges And Their Symbiotic Microbial Communities, Christopher John Freeman

All ETDs from UAB

Childhood Obesity: The Role Of Genetic Admixture, Parental Feeding Practices, And The School Food Environment, Michelle Cardel

All ETDs from UAB

Real-Time Quantitative Pcr For Evaluation Of Mutans Streptococci And Dental Caries, Chanika Manmontri

All ETDs from UAB

Apolipoprotein E Mimetic Peptide Improves Hdl Functionality And Inhibits Atherosclerosis Progression In Mouse Models Of Atherosclerosis, Gaurav Nayyar

All ETDs from UAB

Centering Pregnancy And Adverse Pregnancy Outcome: An Evaluation Of Group Prenatal Care In A Rural Western Kentucky Clinic, Lorie Wayne Chesnut

All ETDs from UAB

The Effect Of Environmental Ozone Exposure On The Postnatal Lung, Katherine Leah Tuggle Stringer

All ETDs from UAB

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Computer Social Skills Game In Improving The Social-Emotional Development Of Head Start Children, Trista Perez

All ETDs from UAB

Neighborhood Context And Birth Outcomes: Preconception Diet And Physical Activity Level As Intervening Behavioral Variables, Lee Anne Flagg

All ETDs from UAB

The Effect Of Liver X Receptor Α Deficiency In Skeletal Muscle On Lipid Content In Mice, Yishu Ding

All ETDs from UAB

Benefits And Barriers To Medically Supervised Pediatric Weight-Mangement Programs, Cindy Grimes-Robison

All ETDs from UAB

Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Illicit Drug Use: Longitudinal Temporal Associations And Comorbidity In A Community Sample Of Adults, Yulia Khodneva

All ETDs from UAB

Histomorphometry And Quantitative Analysis Of Longer-Term Implant Interfaces, Dave Darko Kojic

All ETDs from UAB

An Exploration Of Factors Associated With Pre-Diabetes In The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke (Regards) Study Cohort, Loretta Taylor Lee

All ETDs from UAB

A Pilot Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis As A Clinical Assessment Tool Of Nutrition Status In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients (The Beam Study [Bia Effectiveness As Assessment Tool For Gbm Patients]), Rebecca V. Barnhill

All ETDs from UAB

The Hypometabolic Actions Of Hydrogen Sulfide In Mammalian Systems, Asaf Stein

All ETDs from UAB

The Characteristics Of Soft Tissue Following Root Coverage Procedures With Two Types Of Acellular Dermal Matrix Allografts, Ramzi Abou Arraj

All ETDs from UAB

Exploring Health Disparities For Children In The City Of Milwaukee, Mark Edwin Anderson

All ETDs from UAB

Influences Of Habitual Diet, Ethnicity, And Age On Circulating Total Ghrelin, Amy Ellis

All ETDs from UAB

Sleep Quality, Stress, Caregiver Burden, And Quality Of Life In Maternal Caregivers Of Young Children With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Christine A. Feeley

All ETDs from UAB

Fat Distribution And Metabolic Health: The Effects Of Macronutrient Manipulation On Fat Distribution, Weight Loss, And Glucose Metabolism, Amy Miskimon Goss

All ETDs from UAB