Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 1651 - 1680 of 14418

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Modular Regulation And Function Of The Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein 1 (Ptbp1), Christine Carico Jan 2023

Modular Regulation And Function Of The Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein 1 (Ptbp1), Christine Carico

All ETDs from UAB

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are critical regulators of gene expression as they are responsible for the chaperoning and processing of every nascent RNA transcript. Many studies have investigated mechanisms of specificity of RBP function and have identified factors such as cell-specific expression of RBPs and differential preferences for RNA secondary structure. However, RBPs are often multi-domain proteins that contain repeats of various RNA binding domains (e.g., RNA recognition motif) and little work in the genomic era of transcriptomic interrogation has been done to define the contribution of individual domains to the overall protein function. Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) …

Go to article

Unveiling The Molecular Features Of Cancer Health Differences Through Multi-Omics Data Analysis, Fengyuan Huang Jan 2023

Unveiling The Molecular Features Of Cancer Health Differences Through Multi-Omics Data Analysis, Fengyuan Huang

All ETDs from UAB

Understanding the molecular features underlying cancer health differences is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Multi-omics data analysis, integrating various molecular layers such as genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, provides a comprehensive approach to characterize the molecular landscape of cancer differences. By integrating diverse omics data, researchers can identify genetic variations, gene expression patterns, epigenetic modifications, and protein alterations that contribute to differences in cancer progression, and treatment response. These molecular features can serve as potential biomarkers for predicting patient outcomes and guiding personalized treatment strategies. Furthermore, multi-omics data analysis enables the identification of molecular subtypes specific to different …

Go to article

Aging With Hiv And Comorbid Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Jun Yeong Byun Jan 2023

Aging With Hiv And Comorbid Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Jun Yeong Byun

All ETDs from UAB

Older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience a high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Considering having either HIV or COPD is related to worse health outcomes in older adults, aging with both HIV and COPD may synergistically and negatively affect the health outcomes of older people with HIV (PWH) and comorbid COPD. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the aging of PWH with COPD. This purpose was accomplished through three articles: 1) an adaptation of a gerontological model investigating what is known about the aging of PWH and people with COPD and extrapolating that to …

Go to article

Impact Of Streptococcus Parasanguinis-Generated Reactive Nitrogen Species On Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Virulence And The Host Response, Joshua J. Baty Jan 2023

Impact Of Streptococcus Parasanguinis-Generated Reactive Nitrogen Species On Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Virulence And The Host Response, Joshua J. Baty

All ETDs from UAB

Streptococcus parasanguinis is an oral commensal bacterium that produces hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide can react with endogenous molecules such as nitrite to form reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI). These S. parasanguinis-mediated RNI have been shown to inhibit oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. As such, S. parasanguinis plays a protective role in the oral microbial ecosystem by antagonizing and preventing colonization by oral pathogens. In addition to being an important organism for the health of the oral cavity, S. parasanguinis has also been associated with improved outcomes for people with cystic fibrosis. There are two explanations …

Go to article

Social Determinants Of Health And Blood Pressure Control In Black And White Us Adults, Oluwasegun Philip Akinyelure Jan 2023

Social Determinants Of Health And Blood Pressure Control In Black And White Us Adults, Oluwasegun Philip Akinyelure

All ETDs from UAB

Black adults in the US have 2 to 3 times higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality compared to White adults. Most of the excess CVD mortality in Black adults has been attributed to their higher prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled blood pressure (BP). In October 2020, the US Surgeon General published a Call-to-Action to improve hypertension control and identified social determinants of health (SDOH) as a major contributor to Black:White disparities in hypertension control. Prior research has showed that SDOH are associated with excess hypertension risk among Black compared with White adults, but data on their association with BP …

Go to article

Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright Jan 2023

Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright

All ETDs from UAB

olescence, a period of rapid brain maturation and development coincides with the development of mental health disorders. Many teens in the United States with diagnosable mental health conditions lack mental health treatment due to limited access and provider availability, particularly affecting adolescents who are underserved. School-based interventions, including those centered around mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have shown promise in their effectiveness among adolescents. This study examines the impact of an in-school MBSR-based program, MindUP, on mental health outcomes, including depressive symptomology, anxiety symptomology, and perceived stress, in adolescents who are underserved. Additionally, focus group discussions were conducted with students participating …

Go to article

Social Vulnerability And Racial Disparities In Overall Survival Among Endometrial Cancer Patients, Alfonsus Adrian Hadikusumo Harsono Jan 2023

Social Vulnerability And Racial Disparities In Overall Survival Among Endometrial Cancer Patients, Alfonsus Adrian Hadikusumo Harsono

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction. Social vulnerability (SV) refers to potential negative effects on communities caused by external stresses on human health. The CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) scores communities on 15 social indicators in 4 themes: (1) socioeconomic status (SES), (2) household composition and disability, (3) minority status and language, and (4) housing type and transportation. An overall score ranging from 0 (least vulnerable) to 1 (most vulnerable) is calculated to estimate vulnerability. We investigated whether SV as measured by the SVI can explain why black endometrial cancer (EC) patients survive less well than do white EC patients. Methods. We studied the survival …

Go to article

Gain Of Keratinized Muscosa Around Dental Implants Using A Combination Of Strip Gingival Graft And Acellular Dermal Matrix - A Prospective Case Study, Louai Haddad Jan 2023

Gain Of Keratinized Muscosa Around Dental Implants Using A Combination Of Strip Gingival Graft And Acellular Dermal Matrix - A Prospective Case Study, Louai Haddad

All ETDs from UAB

Several surgical techniques have been described to increase keratinized tissue (KT) around implants and teeth. Despite various methods, the bulk of evidence reported that the use of keratinized autogenous graft (i.e., Free Gingival Grafts (FGG)), harvested from the patient’s palate, remained the gold standard in soft tissue augmentation procedures and provided more predictable results. However, soft tissue autograft supply can be limited, and its harvesting is associated by increased patient morbidity. Several clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of using allogenic soft tissue grafts such as Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft (ADMA) instead of FGG to augment keratinized tissue (KT). This …

Go to article

Shared E-Scooters And E-Bikesl Analysis Of Trip Characteristics And Usage Patterns In Birmingham, Alabama, Mithila Hasan Jan 2023

Shared E-Scooters And E-Bikesl Analysis Of Trip Characteristics And Usage Patterns In Birmingham, Alabama, Mithila Hasan

All ETDs from UAB

The topic of shared micromobility has gained significant attention in the field of transportation engineering, exhibiting a significant rise in prominence in recent times. Micromobility’s inherent attributes of user-friendliness, ubiquitous accessibility, convenience, and cost-effectiveness have drawn considerable attention from individuals. In addition, the eco-friendly attributes of diverse shared micromobility modes encourage individuals to adopt them for short commutes. VEO emerged in Birmingham, Alabama in 2021 as a new participant in the dynamic landscape of shared micromobility, offering shared e-scooters and e-bikes. Similar to other medium-sized cities, the VEO pilot program in Birmingham captured the attention and participation of local travelers., …

Go to article

Pharmacologic Proteasome Activators Ameliorate Alzheimer's-Like Pathology In Ad Fly Models, Mehar Bano Jan 2023

Pharmacologic Proteasome Activators Ameliorate Alzheimer's-Like Pathology In Ad Fly Models, Mehar Bano

All ETDs from UAB

The proteasome is a large multi-subunit protease responsible for the degradation and removal of oxidized, misfolded, and polyubiquitinated proteins. The proteasome plays a critical role in nervous system processes. This includes the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in neurons (1). It also includes synaptic efficacy and plasticity as well as protein turnover, presynaptic vesicle transport, and neuronal protesostasis. Proteasome function is impaired as a consequence of aging, which is aggravated by conditions like Alzheimer's Disease and Related-Dementias (AD, ADRD) (2). According to earlier work from our lab the proteasome is critical to how quickly AD progresses. In Drosophila, human cells, and …

Go to article

The Role Of Runx2 And Sp7 In Ameloblast Differentiation And Postnasal Enamel Synthesis, Reem Alhefdhi Jan 2023

The Role Of Runx2 And Sp7 In Ameloblast Differentiation And Postnasal Enamel Synthesis, Reem Alhefdhi

All ETDs from UAB

In mammals, the mineralized tissues include bone, dentin, enamel, and cementum. Runx2 and its downstream target Sp7 are essential transcription factors for the osteoblast differentiation and formation of bone tissue. However, transcription factors that regulate ameloblast differentiation and enamel secretion are less understood. To uncover the role of Runx2 and Sp7 in ameloblasts differentiation and enamel synthesis, we established a colony of Runx2 and Sp7 floxed mice. Both genes were deleted specifically in ameloblasts using K14-Cre transgenic mice. The successful deletion of Runx2 and Sp7 genes in the epithelium, including ameloblasts, was confirmed using Td-Tomato and GFP reporter, respectively. Histological …

Go to article

The Effect Of Weather Events On Dengue Fever In Brazil 2014-2022, Maryclare Gabel Jan 2023

The Effect Of Weather Events On Dengue Fever In Brazil 2014-2022, Maryclare Gabel

All ETDs from UAB

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that is spread through the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquito. Half the world's population lives in a dengue fever risk zone. There are an estimated 100 million symptomatic dengue fever cases each year, with 40,000 deaths reported. Brazil reports the highest annual dengue fever cases in Latin America. In 2022, Brazil recorded 2.36 million dengue fever cases, the highest number of cases ever recorded in the country. We designed a retrospective ecological study to evaluate the temporal trends and the association between weather events and dengue fever incidence …

Go to article

Risk Of Aggressive Acid Suppression: Clostridium Difficile And Norovirus Coinfection, Sidratul Baizeed, Juan Manuel Potes, Tyler Green Jan 2023

Risk Of Aggressive Acid Suppression: Clostridium Difficile And Norovirus Coinfection, Sidratul Baizeed, Juan Manuel Potes, Tyler Green

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

Clostridium Tertium Bacteremia In Immunocompetent Patient - Contamination Or True Pathogen?, Heath Donahue Jan 2023

Clostridium Tertium Bacteremia In Immunocompetent Patient - Contamination Or True Pathogen?, Heath Donahue

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

Checking Hormone Levels: A Differential For Female Fatigue, Makayla Hyde, Shaista Qureshi Jan 2023

Checking Hormone Levels: A Differential For Female Fatigue, Makayla Hyde, Shaista Qureshi

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

Naltrexone Use In Adolescents To Decrease Incidences Of Self-Harm, Pedram Maleknia, Janaki Nimmagadda Jan 2023

Naltrexone Use In Adolescents To Decrease Incidences Of Self-Harm, Pedram Maleknia, Janaki Nimmagadda

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

Altered Mental Status And The Importance Of Thorough Discussion Of Past Medical History With Patient And Family, Pedram Maleknia, Kathryn Elizabeth Heaton, Roger D. Smalligan Jan 2023

Altered Mental Status And The Importance Of Thorough Discussion Of Past Medical History With Patient And Family, Pedram Maleknia, Kathryn Elizabeth Heaton, Roger D. Smalligan

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

How To Recognize Argyria, Charles Wesley Minor, Chandler Stisher Jan 2023

How To Recognize Argyria, Charles Wesley Minor, Chandler Stisher

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

Application Of Pharmacogenetics In Pediatric Psychiatry, Bethany Langner, Gabrielle Willhelm, Janaki Nimmagadda Jan 2023

Application Of Pharmacogenetics In Pediatric Psychiatry, Bethany Langner, Gabrielle Willhelm, Janaki Nimmagadda

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

The Blue Man-When Treating Ed Leads To A Trip To The Ed, Ryan Zaniewski, Sindhu Lakkur, Parekha Yedla Jan 2023

The Blue Man-When Treating Ed Leads To A Trip To The Ed, Ryan Zaniewski, Sindhu Lakkur, Parekha Yedla

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Go to article

Predictive Factors For Elective Surgery Cancellations And No-Shows, Caleb Hood, Sheridan Rose, Daniel Boyett Jan 2023

Predictive Factors For Elective Surgery Cancellations And No-Shows, Caleb Hood, Sheridan Rose, Daniel Boyett

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 research poster

Go to article

Investigating The Electrostatics Of Mucins As Key Contributors To Mucus Stasis In Cystic Fibrosis, Elex Skylar Rose Jan 2023

Investigating The Electrostatics Of Mucins As Key Contributors To Mucus Stasis In Cystic Fibrosis, Elex Skylar Rose

All ETDs from UAB

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which encodes a channel responsible for the transport of chloride and bicarbonate ions across the apical cell surface. In the respiratory tract, defective CFTR results in viscous and adherent mucus that becomes static within the airway, which leads to chronic infections, progressive lung damage, and early mortality. Historically, CF mucus stasis has been attributed to significant airway dehydration; however, growing evidence has demonstrated that aberrant electrostatic properties of mucins also contribute to mucus stasis in CF. Mucins are large, polymeric glycoproteins …

Go to article

Longitudinal Effects Of Adolescent Digital Media Use On Sleep, Cardiometabolic Health, And Mental Health, Caroline Watson Jan 2023

Longitudinal Effects Of Adolescent Digital Media Use On Sleep, Cardiometabolic Health, And Mental Health, Caroline Watson

All ETDs from UAB

Background Digital media use has become an integral part of society and may contribute to adverse physical and mental health outcomes, particularly among adolescents. However, few studies have examined the longitudinal effects of adolescent digital media use across the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. As adolescents present as a highrisk group for the adverse effects of digital media use on mental and physical health, the present studies identified digital media use trajectories from adolescence into young adulthood and examined these trajectories as predictors of sleep duration, cardiometabolic health, and mental health outcomes in young adulthood. Methods Participants (Mage=15.53; 56.86% …

Go to article

Cardiomyocyte-Specific Modified Mrna For Myocardial Regeneration In A Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model, Jiacheng Sun Jan 2023

Cardiomyocyte-Specific Modified Mrna For Myocardial Regeneration In A Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model, Jiacheng Sun

All ETDs from UAB

The inability of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) to undergo cell renewal following ischemic injury stands as a major impediment to heart function recovery and contributes to heart failure (HF). Current therapeutic approaches do not offer an effective approach of reactivating CM cell division to prevent HF in humans. Recognizing this challenge, gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach to promote CM proliferation and enhance cardiac repair. A particularly notable approach is the utilization of modified mRNA (modRNA), which provides a safe, controlled, transient, non-viral, and clinically relevant means of gene delivery. The study was conducted using a novel cardiomyocyte …

Go to article

The Role Of Processing Efficiency In Cognitive Outcomes Of Pediatric Cancer Survivors, Julie A. Trapani Jan 2023

The Role Of Processing Efficiency In Cognitive Outcomes Of Pediatric Cancer Survivors, Julie A. Trapani

All ETDs from UAB

Pediatric cancer and cancer-related treatments may disrupt brain development and maturation, placing survivors at risk for cognitive late effects. Identifying distinct patterns in outcomes across cancer types has been challenging, which has limited the implementation of systematic neurocognitive screening protocols. Emerging research indicates that processing efficiency (PE) impairment, or inefficient neural processing as measured by working memory (WM) and processing speed (PS) abilities, is a frequently reported but poorly defined cognitive late effect in survivors of both primary central nervous system (CNS) cancers and cancers of non-CNS origin. This dissertation attempts to 1) review and conceptualize PE skills in pediatric …

Go to article

A Study To Examine The Relationship Between Ceo Characteristics And Organizational Performance In The Us Pharmaceutical And Biopharmaceutical Industries, Wafick K. Mohamed Jan 2023

A Study To Examine The Relationship Between Ceo Characteristics And Organizational Performance In The Us Pharmaceutical And Biopharmaceutical Industries, Wafick K. Mohamed

All ETDs from UAB

This study examined the relationship between CEO tenure, sex, level of education, and organizational performance across 229 U.S. publicly traded pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies. The Upper Echelons Theory was used to guide this research on how CEO characteristics could impact organizational performance. Fifteen hypotheses were developed and tested to evaluate the statistically significant relationship between CEO tenure, sex, level of education, and the organizational performance demonstrated in the abnormal stock return valuation and the number of FDA-approved drug products in clinical trial phases (phases 1, 2, and 3) for each company. This quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional study was completed by …

Go to article

The Genetic Epidemiology Of Complex Lung Diseases, Ava Claire Wilson Jan 2023

The Genetic Epidemiology Of Complex Lung Diseases, Ava Claire Wilson

All ETDs from UAB

This research utilizes precision medicine techniques to advance our understanding of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) with the overall goal of improving the etiology of and identifying molecular targets and pathways in COPD and IPF to help improve patient outcomes. We aimed to 1) identify novel drug targets and uncover potential mechanisms by which pirfenidone and nintedanib attenuate fibrosis by performing an integrative ‘omics analysis of transcriptomics and proteomic responses to TGFb1-stimulated lung fibroblasts; 2) define a skeletal muscle fiber shift phenotype in both males and females with COPD and begin to disentangle underlying mechanisms …

Go to article

Mechanisms Linking The Circadian Clock To Cardiac Physiology, Lamario J. Williams Jan 2023

Mechanisms Linking The Circadian Clock To Cardiac Physiology, Lamario J. Williams

All ETDs from UAB

Rationale: Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in America. Many aspects of both cardiovascular physiology (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate) and pathophysiology (e.g., myocardial infarctions, sudden cardiac death) exhibit time-of-day dependent fluctuations (termed diurnal variations). Circadian clocks consist of transcriptional feedback cascades directly modulating expression of genes involved in processes such as metabolism, signaling, and ion transport. Interestingly, genetic deletion of a core circadian clock component in the heart (cardiomyocyte-specific Bmal1 knockout mice) leads to chronic induction of the transcriptional repressor E4 Promoter-Binding Protein 4 (E4BP4) associated with early-onset dilated cardiomyopathy, metabolic inflexibility, and electrophysiologic disturbances. …

Go to article

Assessing Visual Function In Young And Medically Complex Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment, Kathleen Mary Weden Jan 2023

Assessing Visual Function In Young And Medically Complex Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment, Kathleen Mary Weden

All ETDs from UAB

Cerebral Visual impairment (CVI) has become the leading cause of vision impairment in children worldwide. Early identification of CVI has been shown to improve visual function outcomes and improve developmental outcomes and quality of life. However, children with CVI are difficult to identify and assess because the medical conditions that cause CVI can also cause impairment across domains of function. A scoping review was first conducted on interventions and outcome measures used for children with CVI. The sources identified (n=20) were grouped into five types of interventions. The review confirmed the need for quantitative, standardized methods for measuring visual function …

Go to article

Transcriptional Regulation In Early Stage Cd4+ T Cell Activation And Differentiation, Andrew Ray Schroeder Jan 2023

Transcriptional Regulation In Early Stage Cd4+ T Cell Activation And Differentiation, Andrew Ray Schroeder

All ETDs from UAB

CD4+ T cells regulate the humoral and cellular immune responses by differentiating into T follicular helper (Tfh) cells or into non-Tfh effector cells. Non-Tfh effector cells leave the lymph node and migrate to the effector site whereas Tfh cells upregulate CXCR5 and migrate towards the B cell follicle. The mechanism of CXCR5 induction, however, is still incompletely understood. The transcription factor Bach2 was shown to inhibit the in vitro differentiation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells as well as the in vivo Tfh responses. Though, it is unknown how Bach2 arbitrates Tfh and non-Tfh differentiation in vivo. Here, we report …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last