Digital Commons Network^™

Language-Driven Region Pointer Advancement For Controllable Image Captioning, Annika Lindh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

Controllable Image Captioning is a recent sub-field in the multi-modal task of Image Captioning wherein constraints are placed on which regions in an image should be described in the generated natural language caption. This puts a stronger focus on producing more detailed descriptions, and opens the door for more end-user control over results. A vital component of the Controllable Image Captioning architecture is the mechanism that decides the timing of attending to each region through the advancement of a region pointer. In this paper, we propose a novel method for predicting the timing of region pointer advancement by treating the …

Exploring The Potential Of Defeasible Argumentation For Quantitative Inferences In Real-World Contexts: An Assessment Of Computational Trust, Lucas Rizzo, Pierpaolo Dondio, Luca Longo

Articles

Argumentation has recently shown appealing properties for inference under uncertainty and conflicting knowledge. However, there is a lack of studies focused on the examination of its capacity of exploiting real-world knowledge bases for performing quantitative, case-by-case inferences. This study performs an analysis of the inferential capacity of a set of argument-based models, designed by a human reasoner, for the problem of trust assessment. Precisely, these models are exploited using data from Wikipedia, and are aimed at inferring the trustworthiness of its editors. A comparison against non-deductive approaches revealed that these models were superior according to values inferred to recognised trustworthy …

Learning To Put Everyday Creativity, Semiotics And Critical Visual Literacy Using Inquiry Graphics (Ig) Visual Analysis To Work In Social Care, Denise Mac Giolla Rí

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

This article argues that despite CORU’s recognition of Creative Arts as integral to Social Care Practice, there are ‘pedagogical, theoretical and practice gaps’, which might be addressed through a ‘process orientated novel creative pedagogy’ (PONCP) introduced in this paper. The PONCP is built on two tenets, firstly that creative expression is not just for professional artists – everyone is capable of creative expression, though cultural messages make us believe otherwise, and secondly engaging in creative practice is therapeutic in varying degrees from passing time productively to psychoanalytic engagement. A curriculum is proposed comprising: edusemiotics (the interpretation and creation of meaning), …

Energy-Based Neural Modelling For Large-Scale Multiple Domain Dialogue State Tracking, Anh Duong Trinh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

Scaling up dialogue state tracking to multiple domains is challenging due to the growth in the number of variables being tracked. Furthermore, dialog state tracking models do not yet explicitly make use of relationships between dialogue variables, such as slots across domains. We propose using energy-based structure prediction methods for large-scale dialogue state tracking task in two multiple domain dialogue datasets. Our results indicate that: (i) modelling variable dependencies yields better results; and (ii) the structured prediction output aligns with the dialogue slot-value constraint principles. This leads to promising directions to improve state-of-the-art models by incorporating variable dependencies into their …

Deep Learning In The Maintenance Industry, Paulo Cesar Ribeiro Silva

Doctoral

No abstract provided.

Required Reading: The Role Of The Literary Scholar In Mapping Difference And Prompting Interest In Distant Destinations, Sue Norton

Articles

Taking account of research into the relationship between the reading of narrative fiction and niche tourism, this article speculates on the role of the university lecturer of literature in shaping the touristic desires of students. It is especially interested in the influence of European based lecturers of American fiction as they stimulate the geographic imaginations of their learners. Since cultural capital accrues through the reading of serious works of literature, the influence of lecturers is likely to have some bearing on the eventual travel destinations of university graduates prompted to seek out the material locations that they have read about …

The “Poison’D Cup” And The “Invisible Spirit”: The Significance Of Wine In Three Shakespearean Tragedies, Angela Hanratty

Other resources

Alcohol, feasting and revelry play a major part in most of Shakespeare’s works. The utilisation and consumption of wine merits special focus as a signifier in Shakespeare’s work. Much has been written on the role of wine in his comedies, less so regarding Shakespearean tragedies. This discussion will focus on the significance of wine in three seminal works that were crafted at the end of the Elizabethan era, namely Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello. Beginning with an overview of the role and significance of wine to the plot of each of the plays, the analysis will then move to …

A Lexical Frequency Analysis Of Irish Sign Language, Robert G. Smith, Markus Hofmann

Articles

Word frequency has a significant impact on language acquisition and fluency. It is often a point of reference for the teaching and assessing of a language and indeed, as a control for psycholinguistic studies. This paper presents the results of the first objective frequency analysis of lexical tokens from the Signs of Ireland corpus. We investigate the frequency of fully lexical, partly lexical and non-lexical signs in Irish Sign Language as they are presented in the corpus. We confirm the accuracy of the lexical gloss frequency data with a supplementary corpus subset that is tagged for grammatical class and additional …

F-Measure Optimisation And Label Regularisation For Energy-Based Neural Dialogue State Tracking Models, Anh Duong Trinh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

In recent years many multi-label classification methods have exploited label dependencies to improve performance of classification tasks in various domains, hence casting the tasks to structured prediction problems. We argue that multi-label predictions do not always satisfy domain constraint restrictions. For example when the dialogue state tracking task in task-oriented dialogue domains is solved with multi-label classification approaches, slot-value constraint rules should be enforced following real conversation scenarios.

To address these issues we propose an energy-based neural model to solve the dialogue state tracking task as a structured prediction problem. Furthermore we propose two improvements over previous methods with respect …

Examining The Impact And Influence Of Government Surveillance On East German And Northern Ireland Communities During The 1970s And 1980s, Cliodna Pierce

Doctoral

The aim of this thesis is to explore the ramifications of surveillance by comparing aspects of the surveilled states of the GDR and NI during the 1970sand 1980s and their effects. This study will focus on the historical techniques and commonalties exploited by both states, exploringthe influential factors underlying the acceptance of surveillance, along with their impact on individual stakeholders, communities and societies. Foucault,who plays a key role in the theoretical framework of this thesis, in Discipline and Punishprovides ananalysis of Jeremy Bentham’s panopticonsuggests, in which he perceivedthe constant threat of surveillance has an altering effect on individual behaviour, surveillanceas …

Misogyny Detection In Social Media On The Twitter Platform, Elena Shushkevich

Doctoral

The thesis is devoted to the problem of misogyny detection in social media. In the work we analyse the difference between all offensive language and misogyny language in social media, and review the best existing approaches to detect offensive and misogynistic language, which are based on classical machine learning and neural networks. We also review recent shared tasks aimed to detect misogyny in social media, several of which we have participated in. We propose an approach to the detection and classification of misogyny in texts, based on the construction of an ensemble of models of classical machine learning: Logistic Regression, …

Mount Banahaw’S Enigma Of Power: A Personal Reflection On Signs And Symbols At The Santa Lucia Complex, Katherine B. Arceta

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In the Philippines, Mount Banahaw in Quezon province is a pilgrimage site for locals and believers alike. Considered a holy mountain or even a ‘new’ Jerusalem in a mystical sense, people flock to its forested sacred sites or puwestos. The objectives of this study are (1) to identify signs and symbols within the sacred space of Mount Banahaw; (2) to explain how signs and symbols within the mountain are able to convey various religious meanings to the worshippers and; (3) to understand how pilgrims derive and interpret the meanings associated with these signs and symbols. The author retraces a pilgrim’s …

The Imprint Of The Pilgrimage An Ethnography Of A Tattoo Studio In Jerusalem, Mustafa Diktaş

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Several major religions exhibit complex attitudes towards self-mutilation and adornment. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity forbid marking the body and associate it with sin. Still, many people apparently have continued to feel a need for confirmation of their religion and their religious journeys by marking their bodies. This ethnographic study focuses on the recent situation in pilgrimage tattooing, utilising the local and daily processes of a tattoo shop called Razzouk Tattoo located in the Christian quarter of the old city of Jerusalem. The aim of this paper is not only to give a panoptic view of the tattoo studio but also …

Audience Influence On The Composition, Revision And Interpolation Of Traditional Irish Ballad Narrative, Seán Ó Cadhla

Doctoral

The following thesis critically examines the essential thematic malleability of traditional Irish song narrative, with particular focus on the penetrative influence of the audience on both composer and performer alike. Such narrative fluidity is specifically examined within the context of works narrating attested historical events, output which could be reasonably assumed to adhere to factual and chronological consistency. The research concludes that the audience continuously exerts a powerful cultural influence on the performance space, and further demonstrates the considerable extremes that both composers and singers will routinely embrace in order to satisfy the constantly shifting demands of their audiences, even …

Hybrid Media And Political Trials: How Legacy Journalism Perceives Citizen Journalism And Social Media In Political Trials - The Case Of #Jobstownnotguilty, Henry Silke, Maria Rieder, Eugenia Siapera

Irish Communication Review

The relationship between Social Media and Legacy Media has been of much interest to scholars. This paper investigates an interesting, contentious and politicised court case where the heretofore monopoly of professional journalism, court reporting, was challenged by citizen journalists. The case concerned a 2014 sit down protest in Jobstown, Tallaght, a working-class suburb of Dublin, where a sitting Minister Joan Burton TD, was blocked in her car for several hours by local protesters. A number of protesters, many months after the incident, were arrested and charged with false imprisonment.

The Data City, The Idiom And Questions Of Locality, Noel Fitzpatrick

Articles

The paper aims to provide both a radical critique of the “smart city” as a techno-ideological apparatus,that through data analysis and algorithmic forms of governmentality tends to colonize space and time, and an attempt to reframe the very concept of intelligence within the smart cities. Two concepts are presented as tools for such a reframing: locality and idiom, where the first is conceived as openness of meaning generated by a territory, while the latter,analysed througha paradigmatic Irish example (Friel’s play Translations), prepares the ground for the pars construensof the paper. The claim, built by intertwining a set of authors (Ricoeur, …

Questions Concerning Attention And Stiegler’S Therapeutics, Noel Fitzpatrick

Articles

The article sets out to develop the concept of attention as a key aspect to building the possible therapeutics that Bernard Stiegler’s recent works have pointed to (The Automatic Society, 2016, The Neganthropocene, 2018 and Qu’appelle-t-on Panser, 2018). The therapeutic aspect of pharmacology takes place through processes that are neganthropic; therefore, which attempt to counteract the entropic nature of digital technologies where there is flattening out to the measurable and the calculable of Big Data. The most obvious examples of this flattening out can be seen in relation to the use of natural language processing technologies for …

Improving The Economy Of Local Communities Through Innovation Of The Potential Of Shariah-Based Natural Tourism In East Java, Maula Fadhilata Rahmatika, Agus Suman

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

An area will experience rapid progress if local government alongside the community is able to develop local potential with various innovations. This study aims to describe the potential of nature and innovation by the government alongside the community based on Shariah when creating tourism destinations with economic value. The research was conducted in the coastal environment of Santen Island of Banyuwangi district, East Java with a qualitative approach to the research and case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. With interactive data analysis, it was found that the Shariah-based innovation conducted by the …

Branding The Sacral Landscape: Religious Content In Regional Tourism Marketing, Set In A Post-Secular Society, Markus Hilpert

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

There is a paucity of research on the branding of sacral landscapes as a regional strategy in tourism marketing. On the one hand, the concept of place branding, to date, has been transferred very little to sacred destinations, while on the other hand, religious content and modern tourist marketing barely fit together. Nonetheless, the perception of religion in a postmodern society opens up new opportunities for sacred places to reposition themselves in the competition faced by tourist destinations. The aim of this article is to show how German tourism regions with a religious focus build their brand. Through analyzing six …

Food Waste, Wasted Food: Reframing Waste And Edibility, Catherine Pedtke, Thomas Pedtke

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

No abstract provided.

Songs And The Soil, Mark Garry, Louise Reddy

Books/Book Chapters

Published in conjuction with an exhibition. The exhibition engages with the subjects of landscape and music/sound—exploring each element from historical, social and culturally associative perspectives; where landscape is recognised as a fluid term articulating physical space, idealised space and social space that reflects a convergence of physical processes and cultural meaning, and where song act as a response to, or archive, of personal, historical or socio-political instances. Several works engage landscape and musical sound intersect. The exhibition integrates a broad range of media,positions and responses to these research subjects; including two film works, a six-hour soundtrack for a room, sonic …

Locative Food: The Future Of Food Is A Peach, Adrian Bregazzi

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

Locative food releases food from the hegemony of the restaurant, its rituals, codes, performative narratives, complexities, paraphernalia, processes, and entry fees; taking food out into a wider world, to locations that function along with the food to create provocations of the senses and a way of making us discern gastronomic possibilities afresh. This paper looks at Heston Blumenthal’s Sound of the Sea as the epitome of restaurant complexity; Roland Barthes’ experiences and responses to food in Japan in the late 1960s; Kenya Hara’s concepts of design and the design ethos underpinning MUJI; a brief overview of the picnic; and my …

Negotiating Future Foods: Cultural Practices And Nutritional Knowledge In Nasa's Space Food Research Programs, Julia-Katharina Neier, Alwin Cubasch

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

No abstract provided.

You Will Find Yourself Disoriented’: Food And The Disruption Of Gendered, Political, And Literary Norms In Pat Mora’S House Of Houses, Méline Kasparian

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

The normative aspects of food, especially regarding women and gender, are pervasive, as Katharina Vester (2015, p.137) has noted. Recipe books and domestic manuals have functioned as a way to regulate women’s lives, and food advertizing has been a powerful tool for reinforcing gendered norms. However, food writing can also disrupt those expectations, as is the case in Pat Mora’s collective autobiography entitled House of Houses (1995), a magicalrealist account of the lives of five generations in a Mexican- American family. Focusing mostly on House of Houses, I will attempt to show that Pat Mora writes about food in a …

Italian Soldiers In Wwi And The Emergence Of A National Culinary Identity, David Michael Bell, Theresa Moran

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

Emilio Lusso (2014, pp.127–128), in his WWI memoir of the Italian southern front, remembers his orderly telling him: ‘I like eating all those little birds with polenta, don’t get me wrong. Fig peckers are tasty. But, no offense to the Veneto, I prefer roasted blackbirds and thrushes.’ The birds, he insists, must be roasted on a wooden spit, never metal: ‘You have to use soft wood. Chew on it a little and check the flavor.’ Encounters over food customs, choices, and preferences are consequences of war’s disruption. This disruption of foodways is most immediately felt in terms of shortages, rationing, …

Neither Here Nor There: A Note On Two Memoirs By Sephardic Egyptian Women, Nefissa Naguib

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

No abstract provided.

Culinary Change, Disruption, And Death: Do Traditional Cuisines Have A Future?, Anthony F. Buccini, Amy Dahlstrom

Dublin Gastronomy Symposium

In recognition of a worldwide wave of extinction of minority languages and dialects, linguists are intensely engaged with the issue of language death. A related process of ‘cuisine death’ is also underway, likely on a similar scale to what is happening with languages. It is therefore striking that there is little discussion in food studies of cuisine death. In this paper, we discuss why the field, despite its awareness in a general way of the loss of specific foods and foodways, has failed to recognise the wholesale demise of traditional culinary systems. We situate this discussion within a typology of …

Roles And Responsibilities Of A Tourist Guide And Their Trainers: Reflections And Recommendations, Vincent Zammit

International Journal of Tour Guiding and Visitor Attraction Research

My first ever guiding experience, was telling stories to my siblings and cousins, and other friends who would bother to come with me around the streets of my home-town, Valletta. I remember my first visit to an exhibition, back in 1970. As a 15-year old I was impressed with all the exhibits, coming from all over the world. I also remember reading the captions and wondering how was it possible to remember all that information. Maybe the seeds of guiding were already there. Interest in visiting places and guiding continued. For thirteen years I worked as a guide with the …

Foreign Language Teaching And The Politics Of Culture In A Tour Guiding Curriculum, Ruth Azzopardi

International Journal of Tour Guiding and Visitor Attraction Research

Language teaching courses for prospective tour guides often focus exclusively on the linguistic medium of communication, coupled with a basic awareness of history and geography. This paper argues that language courses in tourism institutes should not separate the teaching of a language from wider political and cultural spheres. Similarly, during their daily encounters with visitors, tour guides should not present an unrealistic, idyllic image of a particular place, avoiding questions of a more political or socio-cultural nature. Taking French language teaching at the Institute of Tourism Studies (ITS), Malta, as a practical example, this paper studies how the teaching and …

English Wordnet Taxonomic Random Walk Pseudo-Corpora, Filip Klubicka, Alfredo Maldonado, Abhijit Mahalunkar, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

This is a resource description paper that describes the creation and properties of a set of pseudo-corpora generated artificially from a random walk over the English WordNet taxonomy. Our WordNet taxonomic random walk implementation allows the exploration of different random walk hyperparameters and the generation of a variety of different pseudo-corpora. We find that different combinations of the walk’s hyperparameters result in varying statistical properties of the generated pseudo-corpora. We have published a total of 81 pseudo-corpora that we have used in our previous research, but have not exhausted all possible combinations of hyperparameters, which is why we have also …