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Finite Ordered $\Gamma$-Hypersemigroups Constructed By Ordered $\Gamma$-Semigroups, Niovi Kehayopulu
Finite Ordered $\Gamma$-Hypersemigroups Constructed By Ordered $\Gamma$-Semigroups, Niovi Kehayopulu
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In the investigation of ordered $\Gamma$-hypersemigroups we often need counterexamples (of finite order) given by a table of multiplication and a figure that are impossible to make by hand and very difficult to write programs as well. So it is useful to have examples of ordered $\Gamma$-semigroups for which is much more easier to write programs and then from these examples to obtain corresponding examples of ordered $\Gamma$-hypersemigroups. In this respect we show that from every example of a regular, intra-regular, right (left) regular, right (left) quasi-regular, semisimple, right (left) simple, simple, strongly regular ordered $\Gamma$-semigroup given by a table …
Commutativity Degree Of Crossed Modules, Zekeri̇ya Arvasi̇, Eli̇f Ilgaz Çağlayan, Alper Odabaş
Commutativity Degree Of Crossed Modules, Zekeri̇ya Arvasi̇, Eli̇f Ilgaz Çağlayan, Alper Odabaş
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this work, we define the notion of commutativity degree of crossed modules and find some bounds on commutativity degree for special types of crossed modules. Also, we give a function for finding commutativity degree of crossed modules in GAP and classify crossed modules by using this function.
Infinitely Many Positive Solutions For An Iterative System Of Conformable Fractional Order Dynamic Boundary Value Problems On Time Scales, Mahammad Khuddush, Kapula Rajendra Prasad
Infinitely Many Positive Solutions For An Iterative System Of Conformable Fractional Order Dynamic Boundary Value Problems On Time Scales, Mahammad Khuddush, Kapula Rajendra Prasad
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we establish infinitely many positive solutions for the iterative system of conformable fractional order dynamic equations on time scales $$ \begin{aligned} &\mathcal{T}_α^{\Delta}\big[\mathcal{T}_β^{\Delta}\big(\vartheta_\mathtt{n}(t)\big)\big]=\varphi(t)\mathtt{f}_\mathtt{n}\left(\vartheta_{\mathtt{n}+1}(t)\right),~t\in(0,1)_\mathbb{T},~1
Uniformly Convergent Finite Difference Method For Reaction-Diffusion Type Third Order Singularly Perturbed Delay Differential Equation, Rajendran Mahendran, Veerasamy Subburayan
Uniformly Convergent Finite Difference Method For Reaction-Diffusion Type Third Order Singularly Perturbed Delay Differential Equation, Rajendran Mahendran, Veerasamy Subburayan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
A class of third order reaction-diffusion type singularly perturbed ordinary delay differential equations is considered in this article. A fitted finite difference method on Shishkin mesh is suggested to solve the problem. Moreover, we present a class of nonlinear problems. An error estimation is obtained based on the maximum norm and it is of almost first order convergence. Numerical results are given to support theoretical claims.
Determination Of A Differential Pencil Frominterior Spectral Data On A Union Of Two Closed Intervals, İbrahi̇m Adalar
Determination Of A Differential Pencil Frominterior Spectral Data On A Union Of Two Closed Intervals, İbrahi̇m Adalar
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we consider a quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouville operator on closed sets. We study an interior-inverse problem for this kind operator and give a uniqueness theorem with an appropriate example.
Discrete Impulsive Sturm-Liouville Equation With Hyperboliceigenparameter, Turhan Köprübaşi, Yelda Aygar Küçükevci̇li̇oğlu
Discrete Impulsive Sturm-Liouville Equation With Hyperboliceigenparameter, Turhan Köprübaşi, Yelda Aygar Küçükevci̇li̇oğlu
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let $L$ denote the selfadjoint difference operator of second order with boundary and impulsive conditions generated in $\ell _{2}\left( %TCIMACRO{\U{2115} } %BeginExpansion \mathbb{N} %EndExpansion \right) $ by \begin{equation*} a_{n-1}y_{n-1}+b_{n}y_{n}+a_{n}y_{n+1}=\left( 2\cosh z\right) y_{n}\text{ },% \text{ }n\in %TCIMACRO{\U{2115} } %BeginExpansion \mathbb{N} %EndExpansion \setminus \left\{ k-1,k,k+1\right\} , \end{equation*}% \begin{equation*} \begin{array}{c} y_{0}=0\text{ }, \\ \left\{ \begin{array}{c} y_{k+1}=\theta _{1}y_{k-1} \\ \bigtriangleup y_{k+1}=\theta _{2}\bigtriangledown y_{k-1} \end{array}% \right. ,\text{ }\theta _{1},\theta _{2}\in %TCIMACRO{\U{211d}}% %BeginExpansion \mathbb{R}, %EndExpansion \end{array}% \end{equation*} where $\left\{ a_{n}\right\} _{n\in %TCIMACRO{\U{2115} } %BeginExpansion \mathbb{N} %EndExpansion },$ $\left\{ b_{n}\right\} _{n\in %TCIMACRO{\U{2115} } %BeginExpansion \mathbb{N} %EndExpansion }$ are real sequences and $\bigtriangleup ,\bigtriangledown $ are respectively forward …
Limited Frequency Band Diffusive Representation For Nabla Fractional Order Transfer Functions, Yiheng Wei, Yingdong Wei, Yuqing Hou, Xuan Zhao
Limited Frequency Band Diffusive Representation For Nabla Fractional Order Transfer Functions, Yiheng Wei, Yingdong Wei, Yuqing Hou, Xuan Zhao
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Though infinite-dimensional characteristic is the natural property of nabla fractional order systems and it is the foundation of stability analysis, controller synthesis and numerical realization, there are few research focusing on this topic. Under this background, this paper concerns the diffusive representation of nabla fractional order systems. Firstly, several variants are developed for the elementary equality in frequency domain, i.e. $\frac{1}{s^\alpha} = \int_0^{ + \infty } {\frac{{{\mu _\alpha }( \omega )}}{{s + \omega }}{\rm{d}}\omega }$. Afterwards, the limited frequency band diffusive representation and the unit impulse response are derived for a series of nabla fractional order transfer functions. Finally, an …
Existence Of Solutions For An Infinite System Of Tempered Fractional Order Boundary Value Problems In The Spaces Of Tempered Sequences, Khuddush Mahammad, Rajendra Prasad Kapula, Leela Doddi
Existence Of Solutions For An Infinite System Of Tempered Fractional Order Boundary Value Problems In The Spaces Of Tempered Sequences, Khuddush Mahammad, Rajendra Prasad Kapula, Leela Doddi
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
This paper deals with infinite system of nonlinear two-point tempered fractional order boundary value problems $$ \begin{aligned} {}^\mathtt{RL}_{~0}\mathbb{D}^{δ_2,\ell}_\mathtt{z}\Big[\mathtt{p}_\mathtt{j}(\mathtt{z})&{}^\mathtt{RL}_{~0}\mathbb{D}^{δ_1,\ell}_\mathtt{z} \vartheta_\mathtt{j}(\mathtt{z})\Big]=λ_\mathtt{j}\varphi\big(\mathtt{z},\vartheta(\mathtt{z})\big),\, \mathtt{z}\in[0,\mathtt{T}], δ_1,δ_2\in(1,2),\\ &\hskip0.25cm\vartheta_\mathtt{j}(0)=\lim_{\mathtt{z}\to0}\left[{}^\mathtt{RL}_{~0}\mathbb{D}^{δ_1,\ell}_\mathtt{z}(e^{\ell\mathtt{z}}\vartheta_\mathtt{j}(\mathtt{z}))\right]=0,\\ &e^{\ell\mathtt{T}}\vartheta_\mathtt{j}(\mathtt{T})=\lim_{\mathtt{z}\to\mathtt{T}}\left[{}^\mathtt{RL}_{~0}\mathbb{D}^{δ_1,\ell}_\mathtt{z}(e^{\ell\mathtt{z}}\vartheta_\mathtt{j}(\mathtt{z}))\right]=0, \end{aligned} $$ where $\mathtt{j}\in\{1,2,3,\cdot\cdot\cdot\},\,\ell\ge 0,$ ${}^\mathtt{RL}_{~0}\mathbb{D}^{\star,\ell}_\mathtt{z}$ denotes the Riemann--Liouville tempered fractional derivative of order $\star\in\{δ_1,δ_2\}$, $\vartheta(\mathtt{z})=\left(\vartheta_\mathtt{j}(\mathtt{z})\right)_{\mathtt{j}=1}^{\infty},$ $\varphi_\mathtt{j}:[0,\mathtt{T}]\to[0,\mathtt{T}]$ are continuous and we derive sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions to the system via the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness and Meir-Keeler fixed point theorem in tempered sequence spaces.
On Bounded Solutions Of A Second-Order Iterative Boundary Value Problem, Safa Chouaf, Ahleme Bouakkaz, Rabah Khemis
On Bounded Solutions Of A Second-Order Iterative Boundary Value Problem, Safa Chouaf, Ahleme Bouakkaz, Rabah Khemis
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this article, we investigate a second-order iterative differential equation with boundary conditions. The use of the principle of contraction mappings and the Schauder's fixed point theorem allows us to prove some existence and uniqueness results. Finally, an example is given to check the validity of our findings, which are new, and complete some published manuscripts to some degree.
Solvability Of Gripenberg's Equations Of Fractional Order With Perturbation Term In Weighted $L_P$-Spaces On ${\Mathbb{R}}^+$, Mohamed M. A. Metwali
Solvability Of Gripenberg's Equations Of Fractional Order With Perturbation Term In Weighted $L_P$-Spaces On ${\Mathbb{R}}^+$, Mohamed M. A. Metwali
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
This article deals with the solvability of Gripenberg's equations of fractional order with a perturbation term in weighted Lebesgue spaces on ${\mathbb{R}}^+=[0,\infty)$ via the fixed point hypothesis and the measure of noncompactness. The uniqueness of the solutions for the studied problem is discussed. An example is included to validate our results. The results presented in the article extend and generalize some former results in the available literature.
Boundary Value Problems For A Second-Order $(P,Q) $-Difference Equation With Integral Conditions, İlker Gençtürk
Boundary Value Problems For A Second-Order $(P,Q) $-Difference Equation With Integral Conditions, İlker Gençtürk
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Our purpose in this paper is to obtain some new existence results of solutions for a boundary value problem for a $ (p,q) $-difference equations with integral conditions, by using fixed point theorems. Examples illustrating the main results are also presented.
Solving Nonlinear Integro-Differential Equations Using Numerical Method, Nedjem Eddine Ramdani, Sandra Pinelas
Solving Nonlinear Integro-Differential Equations Using Numerical Method, Nedjem Eddine Ramdani, Sandra Pinelas
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The aim of this paper is to establish conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of a nonlinear integro-differential equation. Moreover, it is to propose a quadrature method in order to find an approximate solution and establish the convergence of the method. We conclude by providing the algorithm and some numerical simulation to confirm our theoretical results.
The Complex Error Functions And Various Extensive Results Together With Implications Pertaining To Certain Special Functions, Hüseyi̇n Irmak, Praveen Agarwal, Ravi P. Agarwal
The Complex Error Functions And Various Extensive Results Together With Implications Pertaining To Certain Special Functions, Hüseyi̇n Irmak, Praveen Agarwal, Ravi P. Agarwal
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The error functions play very important roles in science and technology. In this investigation, the error functions in the complex plane will be introduced, then comprehensive results together with several nonlinear implications in relation to the related complex functions will be indicated, and some possible special results of them will be next presented. Furthermore, various interesting or important suggestions will be also made for the scientific researchers who are interested in this topic.
A Discussion On The Existence And Uniqueness Analysis For The Coupled Two-Term Fractional Differential Equations, Sachin Kumar Verma, Ramesh Kumar Vats, Avadhesh Kumar, Velusamy Vijayakumar, Anurag Shukla
A Discussion On The Existence And Uniqueness Analysis For The Coupled Two-Term Fractional Differential Equations, Sachin Kumar Verma, Ramesh Kumar Vats, Avadhesh Kumar, Velusamy Vijayakumar, Anurag Shukla
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
This paper mainly concentrates on the study of a new boundary value problem of coupled nonlinear two-term fractional differential system. We make use of the theories on fractional calculus and fixed point approach to derive the existence and uniqueness results of the considered two-term fractional systems. To confirm the application of the stated outcomes, two examples are provided.
On Stability And Oscillation Of Fractional Differential Equations With A Distributed Delay, Limei Feng, Shurong Sun
On Stability And Oscillation Of Fractional Differential Equations With A Distributed Delay, Limei Feng, Shurong Sun
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we study the stability and oscillation of fractional differential equations \begin{equation*} ^cD^\alpha x(t)+ax(t)+\int_0^1x(s+[t-1])dR(s)=0. \end{equation*} We discretize the fractional differential equation by variation of constant formula and semigroup property of Mittag-Leffler function, and get the difference equation corresponding to the integer points. From the equivalence analogy of qualitative properties between the difference equations and the original fractional differential equations, the necessary and sufficient conditions of oscillation, stability and exponential stability of the equations are obtained.
On The Existence For Parametric Boundary Value Problems Of A Coupled System Of Nonlinear Fractional Hybrid Differential Equations, Yige Zhao, Yibing Sun
On The Existence For Parametric Boundary Value Problems Of A Coupled System Of Nonlinear Fractional Hybrid Differential Equations, Yige Zhao, Yibing Sun
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we consider the existence and uniqueness for parametric boundary value problems of a coupled system of nonlinear fractional hybrid differential equations. By the fixed point theorem in Banach algebra, an existence theorem for parametric boundary value problems of a coupled system of nonlinear fractional hybrid differential equations is given. Further, a uniqueness result for parametric boundary value problems of a coupled system of nonlinear fractional hybrid differential equations is proved due to Banach's contraction principle. Further, we give three examples to verify the main results.
Two Nonzero Weak Solutions For A Quasilinear Kirchhoff Type Problem, Lin Li, Stepan Tersian
Two Nonzero Weak Solutions For A Quasilinear Kirchhoff Type Problem, Lin Li, Stepan Tersian
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We study the existence of two nonzero solutions for a class of quasilinear Kirchhoff problems. The approach is based on the variational methods. Our nonlinerity is contrast to some previous results is that superlinear growth at infinity.
Mathematical Analysis Of Local And Global Dynamics Of A New Epidemic Model, Sümeyye Çakan
Mathematical Analysis Of Local And Global Dynamics Of A New Epidemic Model, Sümeyye Çakan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we construct a new $SEIR$ epidemic model reflecting the spread of infectious diseases. After calculating basic reproduction number $% \mathcal{R}_{0}$ by the next generation matrix method, we examine the stability of the model. The model exhibits threshold behavior according to whether the basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_{0}$ is greater than unity or not. By using well-known Routh-Hurwitz criteria, we deal with local asymptotic stability of equilibrium points of the model according to $% \mathcal{R}_{0}.$ Also, we present a mathematical analysis for the global dynamics in the equilibrium points of this model using LaSalle's Invariance Principle associated with Lyapunov …
A Sequential Fractional Differential Problem Of Pantograph Type:Existence Uniqueness And Illustrations, Soumia Belarbi, Zoubir Dahmani, Mehmet Zeki̇ Sarikaya
A Sequential Fractional Differential Problem Of Pantograph Type:Existence Uniqueness And Illustrations, Soumia Belarbi, Zoubir Dahmani, Mehmet Zeki̇ Sarikaya
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this study, a new class of sequential fractional differential problems of pantograph type is introduced. New existence and uniqueness criteria for the existence and uniqueness of solutions are discussed. Some existence results using Darbo's fixed point and measure of noncompactness are also studied. At the end, two illustrative examples are discussed.
A Refinement Of Newton And Maclaurin Inequalities Through Abstract Convexity, Gülteki̇n Tinaztepe, Ramazan Tinaztepe
A Refinement Of Newton And Maclaurin Inequalities Through Abstract Convexity, Gülteki̇n Tinaztepe, Ramazan Tinaztepe
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this study, the refinements of Maclaurin's and Newton's inequalities are given. These refinements are obtained by applying the results on optimality conditions of abstract convex functions. When doing this, we obtain lower bounds for the solutions of some special rational equations.
Elliptical Kinematics Of The Accretive Surface Growth, Zehra Özdemi̇r, Gül Güner
Elliptical Kinematics Of The Accretive Surface Growth, Zehra Özdemi̇r, Gül Güner
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The stresses within the soft tissue are not constant for some shell surfaces. They vary with position along the mantle edge. In this paper, we show that elliptical geometry is more convenient to describe this type of surface. Thus, we introduce the elliptical kinematics along an initial curve and construct some accretive surfaces with an elliptical cross-section. In fact, these surfaces are not only curves with an elliptical cross-sectional curve, but also the material points of the surface follow an elliptical trajectory during their formation. This situation can be easily explained through elliptical motion and elliptical quaternion algebra. Then, we …
Some Notes On Crossed Semimodules, Sedat Temel
Some Notes On Crossed Semimodules, Sedat Temel
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we introduce the notion of lifting via a homomorphism of monoids for a crossed semimodule and give some properties. Further, we characterize actions and coverings of Schreier internal categories in the category Mon of monoids and prove the natural equivalence between their categories. Then, we prove that liftings of a certain crossed semimodule are naturally equivalent to the actions of Schreier internal category in Mon, where the Schreier internal category corresponds to the crossed semimodule. Finally, we give a relation between crossed semimodules and simplicial monoids.
On Extended Interpolative Single And Multivalued $F$-Contractions, İsa Yildirim
On Extended Interpolative Single And Multivalued $F$-Contractions, İsa Yildirim
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The main objective of this paper is to study an extended interpolative single and multivalued Hardy-Rogers type $F$-contractions in complete metric spaces. We prove some fixed point theorems for such mappings. Further, we give an application to integral equations to verify our main results. The results presented in this paper improve the recent works of Karapinar et al. [12] and Mohammadi et al. [16].
Relation Between Matrices And The Suborbital Graphs By The Special Number Sequences, Ümmügülsün Akbaba, Ali̇ Hi̇kmet Değer
Relation Between Matrices And The Suborbital Graphs By The Special Number Sequences, Ümmügülsün Akbaba, Ali̇ Hi̇kmet Değer
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
under circuit and forest conditions. Special number sequences and special vertex values of minimal length paths in suborbital graphs have been associated in our previous studies. In these associations, matrix connections of the special continued fractions $\mathcal K (-1/-k)$, where $k\in \mathbb{Z}^{+}, \ k\geq 2$ with the values of the special number sequences are used and new identities are obtained. In this study, by producing new matrices, new identities related to Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell, and Pell-Lucas number sequences are found by using both recurrence relations and matrix connections of the continued fractions. In addition, the farthest vertex values of the …
A Köthe-Toeplitz Dual Of A Generalized Cesaro Difference Sequence Space, A Degenerate Lorentz Space, Their Corresponding Function Spaces And Fpp, Veysel Nezi̇r, Ni̇zami̇ Mustafa
A Köthe-Toeplitz Dual Of A Generalized Cesaro Difference Sequence Space, A Degenerate Lorentz Space, Their Corresponding Function Spaces And Fpp, Veysel Nezi̇r, Ni̇zami̇ Mustafa
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In 1970, Cesaro sequence spaces was introduced by Shiue. In 1981, Kızmaz defined difference sequence spaces for ${\ell }^{\infty }$, ${\mathrm{c}}_0$ and $\mathrm{c}$. Then, in 1983, Orhan introduced Cesaro difference sequence spaces. Both works used difference operator and investigated the Köthe-Toeplitz dual for the new Banach spaces they introduced. Later, various authors generalized these new spaces, especially the one introduced by Orhan. In this study, first we discuss the fixed point property for these spaces and for the corresponding function space of the Köthe-Toeplitz dual. Moreover, we consider another generalized space which is a degenerate Lorentz space because the spaces …
$P$-Strong Convergence With Respect To An Orlicz Function, Ni̇lay Şahi̇n Bayram
$P$-Strong Convergence With Respect To An Orlicz Function, Ni̇lay Şahi̇n Bayram
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The concepts of strong convergence, statistical convergence, and uniform integrability are of some interest in convergence theories. Recently Ünver and Orhan [19] have introduced the concepts of $P$-strong and $P$-statistical convergences with the help of power series methods and established a relationship between them. In the present paper, we introduce the notion of $P$-strong convergence with respect to an Orlicz function and prove that all these three concepts are boundedly equivalent provided that Orlicz function satisfies $\triangle _{2}-$condition. We also get an improvement of this result by using the concept of uniform integrability.
Non-Solvable Groups All Of Whose Indices Are Odd-Square-Free, Sajjad Mahmood Robati, Roghayeh Hafezieh Balaman
Non-Solvable Groups All Of Whose Indices Are Odd-Square-Free, Sajjad Mahmood Robati, Roghayeh Hafezieh Balaman
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Given a finite group $G$ and $x\in G$, the class size of $x$ in $G$ is called odd-square-free if it is not divisible by the square of any odd prime number. In this paper, we show that if $G$ is a nonsolvable finite group, all of whose class sizes are odd-square-free, then we have some control on the structure of $G$, which is an answer to the dual of the question mentioned by Huppert in [5].
Minimal Generators Of Annihilators Of Even Neat Elements In The Exterior Algebra Footnotesize, Songül Esi̇n
Minimal Generators Of Annihilators Of Even Neat Elements In The Exterior Algebra Footnotesize, Songül Esi̇n
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
This paper deals with an exterior algebra of a vector space whose base field is of positive characteristic. In this work, a minimal set of generators forming the annihilator of even neat elements of such an exterior algebra is exhibited. The annihilator of some special type of even neat elements is determined to prove the conjecture established in [3]. Moreover, a vector space basis for the annihilators under consideration is calculated.
$K$-Fibonacci Numbers And $K$-Lucas Numbers And Associated Bipartite Graphs, Gwangyeon Lee
$K$-Fibonacci Numbers And $K$-Lucas Numbers And Associated Bipartite Graphs, Gwangyeon Lee
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In [6], [8] and [10], the authors studied the generalized Fibonacci numbers. Also, in [7], the author found a class of bipartite graphs whose number of $1$-factors is the $n$th $k$-Lucas numbers. In this paper, we give a new relationship between $g_n^{(k)}$ and $l_n^{(k)}$ and the number of $1$-factors of a bipartite graph.
The Radii Of Starlikeness And Convexity Of The Functions Including Derivatives Of Bessel Functions, Sercan Kazimoğlu, Erhan Deni̇z
The Radii Of Starlikeness And Convexity Of The Functions Including Derivatives Of Bessel Functions, Sercan Kazimoğlu, Erhan Deni̇z
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let $J_\nu(z)$ denote the Bessel function of the first kind of order $\nu.$ In this paper, our aim is to determine the radii of starlikeness and convexity for three kind of normalization of the function $N_\nu(z)=az^{2}J_{\nu }^{\prime \prime }(z)+bzJ_{\nu }^{\prime }(z)+cJ_{\nu }(z)$ in the case where zeros are all real except for a single pair, which are conjugate purely imaginary. The key tools in the proof of our main results are the Mittag-Leffler expansion for function $N_\nu(z)$ and properties of real and complex zeros of it.