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Comparison Of Helminth Species And Their Prevalence In Rudd (Scardinius Erythrophthalmus L. 1758) In Gölbaşı Dam Lake And Kocadere Stream In Bursa Province Of Turkey, Ali̇ Aydoğdu, Meli̇h Selver, Veli̇ Yilgör Çirak
Comparison Of Helminth Species And Their Prevalence In Rudd (Scardinius Erythrophthalmus L. 1758) In Gölbaşı Dam Lake And Kocadere Stream In Bursa Province Of Turkey, Ali̇ Aydoğdu, Meli̇h Selver, Veli̇ Yilgör Çirak
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Variations in the helminth species parasitizing the rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalmus L., and their prevalences were compared in 2 different localities (Gölbaşı Dam Lake and Kocadere Stream) in Bursa province in northwestern Turkey. The overall prevalences of helminth infections were 46.7% and 92.3% at Gölbaşı Lake and Kocadere Stream, respectively. The following helminths were detected: Dactylogyrus difformis, Diplostomum spathaceum metacercariae, Asymphlodora markewitschi, Ligula intestinalis plerocercoids, Skrajibillanus scardinii, Eustrongylides sp. larvae, and Hysterothylacium sp. larvae. Among these species, D. difformis and D. spathaceum were recorded at both sampling stations. However, D. difformis was the dominant species in rudd in Gölbaşı Lake (overall …
Investigation Of Reproductive Traits And A Computer-Assisted Single Artificial Insemination Procedure In Mares In Subtropical Taiwan, Jacky Peng-Wen Chan, Jui-Te Wu, Feng-Pang Cheng, Shi-Te Chuang, Chi-Chung Chou
Investigation Of Reproductive Traits And A Computer-Assisted Single Artificial Insemination Procedure In Mares In Subtropical Taiwan, Jacky Peng-Wen Chan, Jui-Te Wu, Feng-Pang Cheng, Shi-Te Chuang, Chi-Chung Chou
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The objective of this study was to report the reproductive traits of mares by ultrasonography and hormone analyses in subtropical Taiwan and the successful artificial breeding of mares using a self-developed computer-assisted single insemination technique. A previously developed computer-assisted image analysis technique at our reproduction centre was employed to determine the optimal time for artificial insemination (AI). In the 8 mares that underwent this AI procedure, ovulations all occurred within 12 h post-insemination and 5 mares were impregnated (62.5%). The combined results of ultrasonic examination and hormone analyses showed that the mares in Taiwan were not only possible defined seasonal …
Iatrogenic Hyperlipidemia Associated With Lipid-Laden Aqueous Humor In A Cat Following Administration Of Megestrol Acetate, Masoud Selk Ghaffari
Iatrogenic Hyperlipidemia Associated With Lipid-Laden Aqueous Humor In A Cat Following Administration Of Megestrol Acetate, Masoud Selk Ghaffari
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
A 2-year-old male cat presented with sudden onset of binocular blindness in both eyes. The appearance of eyes seemed to change to cloudy white. Evaluation of intraocular components of the anterior segment was completely impossible due to the presence of homogeneous discoloration of the affected eyes. Careful history taking revealed that the cat had received megestrol acetate prescribed by the referring veterinarian for the treatment of urine spraying for 10 months. Laboratory findings revealed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. According to the history of drug therapy, ocular signs, and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of drug induced lipemia and subsequent lipid-laden aqueous humor …
Estimation Of The Nitrogen-Phosphorus Load Caused By Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Cage-Culture Farms In Kesikköprü Dam Lake: A Comparison Of Pelleted And Extruded Feed, Umut Aşir, Serap Pulatsü
Estimation Of The Nitrogen-Phosphorus Load Caused By Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Cage-Culture Farms In Kesikköprü Dam Lake: A Comparison Of Pelleted And Extruded Feed, Umut Aşir, Serap Pulatsü
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This research was conducted in order to estimate the nitrogen and phosphorus loads released into Kesikköprü Dam Lake between April and July 2006 from 2 different rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) cage farms. Both farms had a capacity of about 20 t year^{-1}, and used pelleted and extruded feed. In Kesikköprü Dam Lake the nitrogen load was estimated to be between 56.00 and 62.92 kg t^{-1}of fish produced, and the phosphorus load was estimated to be between 10.66 and 12.17 kg t^{-1}of fish produced in cages in which pelleted feed was used, In cages in which extruded feed was …
Antagonism Of Medetomidine Sedation In Goats By Atipamezole And Yohimbine, Mahmood B. Mahmood, Fouad K. Mohammad
Antagonism Of Medetomidine Sedation In Goats By Atipamezole And Yohimbine, Mahmood B. Mahmood, Fouad K. Mohammad
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists atipamezole and yohimbine were used to antagonize medetomidine-induced sedation in 6-8-month-old native breed female goats. Intramuscular injection of medetomidine at the dose rate of 40 \mu g/kg body weight induced sedation and recumbency within 10-20 min in the goats. After recumbency, the goats were injected with saline (5 ml) (control group), atipamezole (0.2 mg/kg), or yohimbine (0.2 mg/kg) via the jugular vein. The duration of recumbency in the control group was 90 ± 9 min (mean ± SE). The effects of sedation continued in the control group goats even after regaining the righting reflex and standing. …
Morphology And Arterial Vasculature Of Donkey (Equus Asinus L.) Adrenal Gland, Emi̇ne Karakurum, Özcan Özgel, Nejdet Dursun
Morphology And Arterial Vasculature Of Donkey (Equus Asinus L.) Adrenal Gland, Emi̇ne Karakurum, Özcan Özgel, Nejdet Dursun
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
In this study, the shape, localization, and arterial vascularization of the gl. adrenalis were examined in 6 donkeys. It was observed that the internal side of the gl. adrenalis sinistra was located against the aorta abdominalis and the caudal aspect of the gland was in the ventral aspect of the a. renalis sinistra. The length of the left adrenal gland was approximately 41.49-47.44 mm, while its width was about 21.70-26.24 mm, and the thickness was nearly 4.65-7.56 mm. The shape of the left adrenal gland was oval or nearly circular. The gl. adrenalis sinistra was vascularized by the rr. adrenalis …
Disseminated Streptococcus Equi Subsp. Zooepidemicus Infection In A Foal And Associated Mastitis In A Mare, A. Levent Kocabiyik, Esra Büyükcangaz, Ahmet Akkoç, Cüneyt Özakin, İ. Taci̇ Cangül
Disseminated Streptococcus Equi Subsp. Zooepidemicus Infection In A Foal And Associated Mastitis In A Mare, A. Levent Kocabiyik, Esra Büyükcangaz, Ahmet Akkoç, Cüneyt Özakin, İ. Taci̇ Cangül
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
A systemic infection with Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus is described in a 22-day-old female foal for the first time in Turkey. Clinically the foal was in poor condition and had severe pneumonia. Painful swellings of the carpal and tarsal joints were evident. Examination of the dam revealed clinical mastitis. Postmortem histopathological and microbiological examinations of samples from the foal revealed a disseminated infection with S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. The causative agent was also recovered in pure culture from a milk sample of the mare.
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Hydroxylamine At A Quinizarine Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: Application To Differential Pulse Voltammetry Detection Of Hydroxylamine, Mohammad Mazloumardakani, Payam Ebrahimi Karami, Hossein Naeimi, Bibifatemeh Mirjalili
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Hydroxylamine At A Quinizarine Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: Application To Differential Pulse Voltammetry Detection Of Hydroxylamine, Mohammad Mazloumardakani, Payam Ebrahimi Karami, Hossein Naeimi, Bibifatemeh Mirjalili
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The electrocatalytic behavior of hydroxylamine was studied on a glassy carbon electrode modified by electrodeposition of quinizarine, using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and rotating disk voltammetry as diagnostic techniques. Cyclic voltammetry showed that the catalytic current of the system depends on the concentration of hydroxylamine. The magnitude of the peak current for quinizarine increased sharply in the presence of hydroxylamine and proportional to hydroxylamine concentration. The diffusion coefficient of hydroxylamine and the catalytic rate constant for the catalytic reaction of quinizarine with hydroxylamine were also estimated using a rotating disk electrode experiment. The kinetics parameters of this process were calculated, and …
Synthesis And Selective Extractant Properties Of A Calixarene Thioether Derivative And Its Oligomeric Analogue, Gülderen Uysal Akkuş, Selma Aslan, F. Fulya Taktak, Shahabuddin Memon
Synthesis And Selective Extractant Properties Of A Calixarene Thioether Derivative And Its Oligomeric Analogue, Gülderen Uysal Akkuş, Selma Aslan, F. Fulya Taktak, Shahabuddin Memon
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Herein we report the synthesis of a novel calix[4]arene thioether derivative (4) and its oligomeric analogue (5). The liquid-liquid extraction properties of these compounds towards the selected metal cations were evaluated, and it was concluded, based on our observations, that these compounds demonstrated remarkable affinity towards the selected metal cations. Nevertheless, is a good extractant and very selective for Hg^{2+} ions, whereas, in the case of its oligomeric analogue 5, the situation is quiet different. It was observed that 5 could not efficiently retain the parent selective behavior by extracting all of the selected metal ions from the aqueous to …
Production Of (S)-(-)-1-(1´-Napthyl) Ethanol By Rhodotorula Glutinis Isolate Using Ram Horn Peptone, Esabi̇ Başaran Kurbanoğlu, Kani̇ Zi̇lbeyaz, Namudar I. Kurbanoğlu, Mesut Taşkin, Hamdullah Kiliç
Production Of (S)-(-)-1-(1´-Napthyl) Ethanol By Rhodotorula Glutinis Isolate Using Ram Horn Peptone, Esabi̇ Başaran Kurbanoğlu, Kani̇ Zi̇lbeyaz, Namudar I. Kurbanoğlu, Mesut Taşkin, Hamdullah Kiliç
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The bioreduction of 1-acetonaphthone 1 by locally isolated Rhodotorula glutinis strains using ram horn peptone (RHP) gave (S)-(-)-1-(1´-naphthyl) ethanol (2), an important pharmaceutical intermediate. R. glutinis strains were isolated from the water of fermented Salix leaves. Optimum fermentation conditions for the production of 2 were 200 rpm, 32 °C, and pH 6.5. The production of 2 with excellent enantiomeric excess (>99%), and good conversion (100%) and yield (78%) under optimum conditions was achieved up to preparative scale via a fermenter. Wide temperature, pH, time, and agitation ranges did not affect the enantiomeric excess (ee) of the bioreduction product. A …
One-Step Synthesis Of Hyaluronic Acid-Based (Sub)Micron Hydrogel Particles: Process Optimization And Preliminary Characterization, Nurettin Sahiner, Xinqiao Jia
One-Step Synthesis Of Hyaluronic Acid-Based (Sub)Micron Hydrogel Particles: Process Optimization And Preliminary Characterization, Nurettin Sahiner, Xinqiao Jia
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Hyaluronic acid (HA)-based (sub)micron hydrogel particles were synthesized by crosslinking virgin HA with divinyl sulfone (DVS) in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelle systems under basic conditions. Experimental parameters including HA molecular weight, solution concentration, and reaction time were systematically varied in order to obtain well defined hydrogel particles. The use of a cosurfactant, 1-heptanol (1-HP), had a profound effect on the reaction kinetics and the particle morphology. The resulting particles exhibit negative charges on their surfaces. In vitro biocompatibility study indicates that these particles do not cause severe death to the cultured fibroblasts. These HA-based hydrogel particles are promising candidates …
Notes On The Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) Fauna Of Ardahan, Iğdır And Kars Provinces Of Turkey, İsmai̇l Ari, Meti̇n Aktaş, Suat Kiyak
Notes On The Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) Fauna Of Ardahan, Iğdır And Kars Provinces Of Turkey, İsmai̇l Ari, Meti̇n Aktaş, Suat Kiyak
Turkish Journal of Zoology
This study was based on 558 specimens belonging to 23 species of 10 genera of Chrysopidae of the order Neuroptera. These specimens were collected from Ardahan, Iğdır and Kars provinces between 2001 and 2003. Among the species, Dichochrysa ventralis Curtis, 1834 is a new record for the Turkish Neuroptera fauna. The distribution of each species, worldwide and in Turkey, is also presented.
Otiorynchus Lederi Stierlin (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A New Record And A New Pest In Turkey, Hi̇kmet Özbek, Levent Gülteki̇n, Genrick Davidian
Otiorynchus Lederi Stierlin (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A New Record And A New Pest In Turkey, Hi̇kmet Özbek, Levent Gülteki̇n, Genrick Davidian
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Otiorhynchus lederi Stierlin, 1876 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was detected in northeastern Anatolia. This species has been known as a parthenogenetic form so far. We found in Transcaucasus and Turkey several bisexual populations of this species for the first time and we redescribed them. O. lederi is allied to Otiorhynchus erivanensis Reitter, which was described from Armenia. Diagnostic features separating these 2 species were indicated. Both of these species are new records for the Turkish fauna. Although O. lederi is a polyphagous it is a pest of currant (Ribes spp.), rose (Rosa spp.), and strawberry (Fragaria spp.) species in Erzurum province, especially …
Influence Of Visible Implant Fluorescent Elastomer (Vie) Tagging On Growth, Molting And Survival Of The Eastern White River Crayfish, Procambarus Acutus Acutus (Girard, 1852), Yavuz Mazlum
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Tag retention, growth, molting, and survival of crayfish, Procambarus acutus acutus, 35-37 mm in total length were evaluated between tagged and untagged groups. There were no significant differences in molting and survival between the tagged and untagged groups (P > 0.05). Tag retention was 100% for crayfish kept individually in plastic containers for the 60-day experimental period. The tagged group had a mean growth of 7.0 mm (molts only) while the untagged group had a mean growth of 4.0 mm (molts only). Molting rates were similar between the tagged and untagged groups. Nine molts were observed each in the tagged (n …
Allozyme Variations And Genetic Differentiation In Mesocricetus Brandti Nehring, 1898 And Mesocricetus Auratus (Waterhouse, 1839) (Mammalia: Rodentia), Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Tolga Kankiliç, Reyhan Çolak, Ercüment Çolak, Rolf Gattermann, Karsten Neumann, Şaki̇r Özkurt, Muhammed Mouradi Gharakheloo
Allozyme Variations And Genetic Differentiation In Mesocricetus Brandti Nehring, 1898 And Mesocricetus Auratus (Waterhouse, 1839) (Mammalia: Rodentia), Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Tolga Kankiliç, Reyhan Çolak, Ercüment Çolak, Rolf Gattermann, Karsten Neumann, Şaki̇r Özkurt, Muhammed Mouradi Gharakheloo
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Allozyme variations were investigated by the electrophoretic analysis of 20 gene loci in 5 populations of Mesocricetus brandti and Mesocricetus auratus from Anatolia and Iran. Of the 20 loci analysed, 11 were monomorphic and fixed for the same allele in all 5 populations, 9 loci were polymorphic, and 1 locus differed between M. auratus and M. brandti populations. The overall mean of polymorphic loci for all the populations was 24.7% (range: 5.9%-41.2%). The mean fixation index value was F_{ST} = 0.0748, indicating a 7% genetic variation in the M. brandti populations. The obtained FST values indicated that there are moderate …
Contributions To The Fauna Of Turkish Myrmeleonidae (Neuroptera, Insecta) From Ardahan, Iğdır, And Kars, İsmai̇l Ari, Meti̇n Aktaş, Suat Kiyak
Contributions To The Fauna Of Turkish Myrmeleonidae (Neuroptera, Insecta) From Ardahan, Iğdır, And Kars, İsmai̇l Ari, Meti̇n Aktaş, Suat Kiyak
Turkish Journal of Zoology
This study is based on 349 specimens belonging to 24 species of 17 genera of Myrmeleonidae of the order Neuroptera, and these insects were collected from Ardahan, Iğdır, and Kars provinces between 2001 and 2003. Among the species, Deutoleon turanicus Navas, 1927 and Distoleon luteomaculatus Hölzel, 1972 are new to the fauna of Turkish Myrmeleonidae. The distribution of each species in Turkey and in the rest of the world is presented.
Dacrydium Hyalinum (Monterosato, 1875) And Musculus Discors (Linnaeus, 1767): Two New Mytilidae (Bivalvia) Species For The Turkish Mollusc Fauna, Mesut Önen, Alper Doğan
Dacrydium Hyalinum (Monterosato, 1875) And Musculus Discors (Linnaeus, 1767): Two New Mytilidae (Bivalvia) Species For The Turkish Mollusc Fauna, Mesut Önen, Alper Doğan
Turkish Journal of Zoology
The Bivalvia (Mollusca) fauna was studied from benthic samples collected from 101 stations from various biotopes in the Turkish Aegean Sea in 2000. Two species, namely Dacrydium hyalinum (Monterosato, 1875) and Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767), new to the Turkish Bivalvia fauna are reported. Notes on the morphological and ecological features of these species are provided.
On New Populations Of Rana Holtzi And Rana Macrocnemis (Ranidae: Anura), İbrahi̇m Baran, Çeti̇n Ilgaz, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Kurtuluş Olgun, Azi̇z Avci, Fatma İret
On New Populations Of Rana Holtzi And Rana Macrocnemis (Ranidae: Anura), İbrahi̇m Baran, Çeti̇n Ilgaz, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Kurtuluş Olgun, Azi̇z Avci, Fatma İret
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Rana holtzi, which is only known from Karagöl at altitude 2500 m and Çinigöl at altitude 2600 m, was determined from Eğrigöl for the first time at altitude 3000 m. Thus, the distribution range of R. holtzi in the Bolkar Mountains was extended. In addition, specimens of Rana macrocnemis were recorded from Seviçova (2500 m a.s.l.), located in the Bolkar Mountains near Ereğli (Konya), for the first time. Furthermore, the village of Örtülü (Maden, Elazığ), where specimens of Rana macrocnemis were captured, is determined to be southernmost distribution point of R. macrocnemis. Mountain frog specimens captured from new localities were …
Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Oligochaeta (Annelida) Fauna Of Some Lakes In The Taurus Mountain Range (Turkey), Seray Yildiz, M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu, Süleyman Balik
Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Oligochaeta (Annelida) Fauna Of Some Lakes In The Taurus Mountain Range (Turkey), Seray Yildiz, M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu, Süleyman Balik
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Two expeditions were carried out during July 1996 and July 1997 in order to determine the Oligochaeta fauna of 16 high altitude lakes located in the Taurus Mountains in south-west Anatolia (Turkey). No previous faunistic studies exist from the Taurus Mountains regarding physico-chemical features and Oligochaeta fauna. Fifteen species were identified, comprised of the families Tubificidae (11 species), Naididae (3 species), and Lumbriculidae (1 species). Among the samples, Tubificidae were the most dominant (73% of the specimens), followed by Naididae (20%) and Lumbriculidae (7%).
Population Size Of The Marsh Frog (Rana Ridibunda Pallas, 1771) In Lake Yayla (Denizli, Turkey), Di̇nçer Ayaz, Cemal Varol Tok, Ahmet Mermer, Murat Tosunoğlu, Murat Afsar, Keri̇m Çi̇çek
Population Size Of The Marsh Frog (Rana Ridibunda Pallas, 1771) In Lake Yayla (Denizli, Turkey), Di̇nçer Ayaz, Cemal Varol Tok, Ahmet Mermer, Murat Tosunoğlu, Murat Afsar, Keri̇m Çi̇çek
Turkish Journal of Zoology
The population size of marsh frogs (Rana ridibunda) was estimated using the mark-recapture method in Lake Yayla (Buldan, Denizli, Turkey). According to the results, the mean estimated population was 14,733 and the sex ratio was female biased (male: female, 0.56). The main limiting factors of the marsh frog population are also outlined.
Efficacy Of The Rodenticide Bromethalin In The Control Of Microtus Arvalis And Nesokia Indica In Alfalfa Fields, Alireza Khalilaria, Mohsen Morovati, Mehdi Naseri
Efficacy Of The Rodenticide Bromethalin In The Control Of Microtus Arvalis And Nesokia Indica In Alfalfa Fields, Alireza Khalilaria, Mohsen Morovati, Mehdi Naseri
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Rodents cause huge losses to agricultural crops annually. During outbreaks, this pest can cause irreversibly high damage. Solely non-chemical control measures have not been successful in reducing the population of this pest; therefore, the use of chemical rodenticides, especially on crops like alfalfa, is unavoidable. Bromethalin is a neurotoxic, acute, single-dose rodenticide with high efficacy, and since it is mostly used in wax formulation it is not attractive to non-target organisms, and hence is not very dangerous. Bromethalin 0.01% was tested in alfalfa fields of west Azerbaijan, Tehran, and Kerman provinces in completely randomised treatment blocks with 4 treatments (bromethalin …
Food Utilisation In A Laboratory Colony Of The Giant African Land Snail, Archachatina Marginata (Swainson) (Pulmonata: Achatinidae), Rosemary I. Egonmwan
Food Utilisation In A Laboratory Colony Of The Giant African Land Snail, Archachatina Marginata (Swainson) (Pulmonata: Achatinidae), Rosemary I. Egonmwan
Turkish Journal of Zoology
This study investigates food consumption by juveniles and adults of the edible giant land snail Archachatina marginata under laboratory conditions. In one experiment, the snails were fed weekly from hatching for 13 months with weighed amounts of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), carrot (Daucus carota), potato (Solanum tuberosum), apple (Malus pumila), and calcium. Another group of 2-month-old A. marginata ovum was fed singly for 3 days on each of the test food items. The results show that, when given a choice, A. marginata can select from the 4 types of food and calcium. When given no choice, lettuce provided high digestibility and …
Limnolegeria Longiseta Motaş, 1928 And Sperchon Rostratus Lundblad, 1969: Two Water Mite Species (Acari, Hydrachnidia) From Turkey, Yunus Ömer Boyaci
Limnolegeria Longiseta Motaş, 1928 And Sperchon Rostratus Lundblad, 1969: Two Water Mite Species (Acari, Hydrachnidia) From Turkey, Yunus Ömer Boyaci
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Two water mite species (Acari, Hydrachnidia) are reported from Turkey. Limnolegeria longiseta Motaş, 1928 and males of Sperchon rostratus Lundblad, 1969 are first records for the Turkish fauna. The morphological features and worldwide distribution of the species are given.
Notes On The Nesting And Breeding Of Delichon Urbica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves: Passeriformes) Near Köprüköy (Kızılırmak, Turkey), Fulya Saygili, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t
Notes On The Nesting And Breeding Of Delichon Urbica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves: Passeriformes) Near Köprüköy (Kızılırmak, Turkey), Fulya Saygili, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t
Turkish Journal of Zoology
The migration and some bio-ecological characteristics of a house martin (Delichon urbica) population, which has established colonies under bridges over the Kızılırmak River near Köprüköy village (Kırıkkale), were investigated in 2003 and 2004. These house martins were observed from the beginning of April to the first week of September, when they migrated south. According to the specimens examined, mean measurements of total length, wingspan, and weight were recorded as 133.5 mm, 279.5 mm, and 15.5 g, respectively. Mean measurements and weights of the nests were 12.5 mm long x 9 mm wide x 6 mm high, and 425 g. The …