Digital Commons Network^™

Predicting Multi-Trophic Consequences Of An Emerging Disease, Adam D. Chupp

Dissertations

There are numerous examples of how exotic insect pests and pathogens have altered the dominance of native tree species and the ecological processes and function related to those species. While targeted species may persist in a functionally altered state via vegetative sprouting, the widespread decimation of a species can have dramatic direct and indirect consequences for organisms in multiple trophic levels. Devastation due to alien insect herbivores poses the greatest threat to native insect larvae that specialize on the impacted host species. The loss of pollinators whose larvae feed on impacted species and provide services for native plants may also …

Employing Response Surface Methodology For The Optimization Of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction Of Lutein And Β-Carotene From Spinach, David A. Lightfoot, Ammar Altemimi, Mary Kinsel, Dennis G. Watson

Articles

Abstract: The extraction of lutein and β-carotene from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves is important to the dietary supplement industry. A Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to investigate the effect of process variables on the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of lutein and β-carotene from spinach. Three independent variables, extraction temperature (°C), extraction power (%) and extraction time (min) were studied. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) followed by UV visualization and densitometry was used as a simple and rapid method for both identification and quantification of lutein and β-carotene during UAE. Methanol extracts of leaves from spinach and authentic …

A History Of Antisocial Personality Disorder In The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Illness And Treatment From A Rehabilitation Perspective, Mallory Cole Houser

Research Papers

This paper researched publications and articles to understand the history of antisocial personality disorder in the DSM. Upon gaining information regarding the history and diagnostic criteria of the antisocial personality disorder in the DSM, the author of this paper sought to provide knowledge of counseling techniques to be used by rehabilitation counselors and other counseling professionals when treating antisocial personality disorder. Many people diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder find themselves in the criminal justice system and have many problems involving interactions and socialization with others in the community. By delivering history and techniques, this author hopes to make …

Associations Of Sleep Duration And Regularity With Level Of Obesity Among Youth In A Weight Loss Program, Janet Chuang, Karla K. Fehr, Carolyn E. Ievers-Landis, Sumana Narasimhan, Naveen Uli, Mary Ann O'Riordan

Publications

Siu Alumni, Siu Alumni Association

SIU Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

Lifelong Physical Exercise Delays Age-Associated Skeletal Muscle Decline., S Zampieri, L Pietrangelo, S Loefler, H Fruhmann, M Vogelauer, S Burggraf, A Pond, M Grim-Stieger, J Cvecka, M Sedliak, V Tirpáková, W Mayr, N Sarabon, K Rossini, L Barberi, M De Rossi, V Romanello, S Boncompagni, A Musarò, M Sandri, F Protasi, U Carraro, H Kern

Publications

Aging is usually accompanied by a significant reduction in muscle mass and force. To determine the relative contribution of inactivity and aging per se to this decay, we compared muscle function and structure in (a) male participants belonging to a group of well-trained seniors (average of 70 years) who exercised regularly in their previous 30 years and (b) age-matched healthy sedentary seniors with (c) active young men (average of 27 years). The results collected show that relative to their sedentary cohorts, muscle from senior sportsmen have: (a) greater maximal isometric force and function, (b) better preserved fiber morphology and ultrastructure …

Biomarkers Of Animal Health: Integrating Nutritional Ecology, Endocrine Ecophysiology, Ecoimmunology, And Geospatial Ecology, Robin Warne, Glenn Proudfoot, Erica Crespi

Publications

Diverse biomarkers including stable isotope, hormonal, and ecoimmunological assays are powerful tools to assess animal condition. However, an integrative approach is necessary to provide the context essential to understanding how biomarkers reveal animal health in varied ecological conditions. A barrier to such integration is a general lack of awareness of how shared extraction methods from across fields can provide material from the same animal tissues for diverse biomarker assays. In addition, the use of shared methods for extracting differing tissue fractions can also provide biomarkers for how animal health varies across time. Specifically, no study has explicitly illustrated the depth …

Seed Dispersal Of An Invasive Shrub, Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera Maackii ), By White-Tailed Deer In A Fragmented Agricultural-Forest Matrix, Peter Guiden, David L. Gorchov, Clayton K. Nielsen, Eric M. Schauber

Publications

Ungulates are potentially important seed dispersers for many invasive plant species. While our understanding of which invasive plant species are dispersed by ungulates has improved over the last decade, the factors influencing this process remain poorly understood. To address this, we explored whitetailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) seed consumption and dispersal of an invasive shrub (Lonicera maackii) in fragmented agricultural-forest matrices in western Ohio. In a pairwise browse preference experiment, deer browsed at similar levels on branches of L. maackii with fruits removed and fruits intact (mean ± 95 % CI 57 ± 14 and 62 ± …

Systematics Of The Tribe Hippotragini (Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae), Wesley Holland

2015

The tribe Hippotragini consists of the so-called “Horse-like” antelopes, a specious group of large grazing antelopes characterized by striking facial coloration, thick tapering necks, erect manes, and highly specialized for arid regions of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Hippotragini consists of three genera: Addax+Oryx, and Hippotragus and currently includes eleven species although that number might increase as more molecular studies are undertaken. The taxonomic history of this group is ongoing as phylogenetic and comparative analyses and techniques continue to improve.

Paleontological evidence suggests that Hippotragini evolved in Eurasia during the early Miocene but it was not until the Pliocene …

2015-2016 Southern Illinois University Bulletin Carbondale Campus (Undergraduate Catalog), Southern Illinois University Carbondale

SIU Bulletins and Course Catalogs Archives

No abstract provided.

2015-2016 Southern Illinois University Bulletin Carbondale Campus (Graduate Catalog), Southern Illinois University Carbondale

SIU Bulletins and Course Catalogs Archives

No abstract provided.

Growing A Student Organic Garden Within The Context Of University Sustainability Initiatives, Leslie A. Duram, Laura L. Williams

Publications

Abstract:

Purpose- The purpose of this paper is to examine the evolution of a student organic garden at a large public university, as an example of student initiatives that promote both campus sustainability and student-focused sustainability education on campus.

Design/ Methodology/ Approach- The authors conducted quantitative and qualitative analysis to document the evolution of the university’s Local Organic Gardening Initiative of Carbondale (LOGIC), which is the student initiated and operated organic garden.

Findings- The student organic garden evolved in three stages, each of which had specific goals and accomplishments. Stage I (establishment): students in Geography courses took action to get …

University Food Gardens: A Unifying Place For Higher Education Sustainability, Leslie A. Duram, Sydney K. Klein

Publications

This research describes the key characteristics of campus food gardens and investigates their contribution to overall campus sustainability. An email-survey of fifty-two campus garden managers in North America provided quantitative and qualitative data for this analysis. It was found that gardens are often student initiated and managed, but also bring together diverse stakeholders from the campus and community. These sites increase sustainability awareness as well as overall institutional sustainability. University food gardens provide formal education that overcomes many institutional barriers to interdisciplinary programs. Informal education also occurs at these sites through experiential learning which leads to greater environmental awareness among …

Effects Of Increasing The Distance Of An External Focus Of Attention On Vertical Jump, Vanessa Frost

Research Papers

Several previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of distancing an external focus resulting in improved performance in a variety of skills. The objective of this study was to investigate whether increasing the distance of an external focus of attention relative to the body improved the performance of the counter-movement vertical jump in recreationally active individuals. It was hypothesized that jumps performed by recreationally active individuals under the external focus conditions would outperform performance completed in the control condition. Moreover, it was also predicted that jump height would systematically increase as the participants focus of attention was directed at an increasing …

Recovery Of Force Output And Electromyography From Trunk Muscles After Cyclic Passive Loading., Shikha K. Vij

Research Papers

TITLE: RECOVERY OF FORCE OUTPUT AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHY FROM TRUNK MUSCLES AFTER CYCLIC PASSIVE LOADING

Major Advisor: Michael W. Olson

TITLE: RECOVERY OF FORCE OUTPUT AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHY FROM TRUNK MUSCLES AFTER CYCLIC PASSIVE LOADING

Major Advisor: Michael W. Olson

Continuous loading of the low back tissues results in modified neuromuscular and kinetic output during trunk extension efforts. It is believed that the viscoelastic behavior of these low back tissues is modified, but the ramifications of these loading schemes needs further study for longer durations. The purpose of this research project was to observe force output and muscle activation pattern changes during …

A Study Of Exercise Environment And Its Effect On Changes In Mood: Indoors Vs Outdoors, Colin Fannon

Research Papers

AN ABSTRACT OF THE RESEARCH PAPER OF

COLIN FANNON for the Masters of Science degree in Education in Kinesiology,

presented___________, at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale.

TITLE: A STUDY OF EXERCISE ENVIRONMENT AND ITS EFFECT ON CHANGES IN MOOD: INDOORS VS OUTDOORS

MAJOR PROFESSOR: Jared M. Porter Ph.D.

Exercising in a green outdoor environment has been shown to have psychological and physiological benefits when compared to indoor, or non-green exercise environments. The purpose of this study was to determine whether positive mood traits could be enhanced during a group fitness type class in a green outdoor environment. Participants (n = 44) …

A Tale Of Two Cities: Differences In Wine-Drinking Habits In Nice And London, Lacey S. Gibson

Honors Theses

The French Paradox is the theory that, despite consumption of classically-condoned fatty foods, the French remain in excellent health in comparison with citizens of other nations. This notion has been the subject of worldwide media fascination with publication of a plethora of journal articles and novels. A growing body of evidence supports a role for moderate consumption of wine in conferring health benefits. The role of wine in health may be especially prevalent in the French Riviera, a region whose regime is dominated by the French-Mediterranean Diet. I sought to determine the role of wine in the French Paradox by …

Factors Determining Habitat Selection By Spring Migrating Waterfowl Along The Wabash River, Illinois, Ryan O'Shaughnessy

Dissertations

The main proponent of management of any animal species is habitat management. The ability of habitats to maintain species communities will depend on the variation in both habitat structure and composition. While spatial variation in habitat resources plays a critical role in determining the distribution of species, an equally important consideration that must be accounted for is temporal variation in the needs of the target species. Nutritional requirements, and thus the habitats used to fulfil those nutritional needs, will be different depending on if the individual is breeding, migrating, molting, enduring winter, or establishing a new range. For waterfowl, we …

Teaching An Old Jaw New Tricks: Diet-Induced Plasticity In A Model Organism, From Weaning To Adulthood, Jeremiah E. Scott, Kevin R. Mcabee, Meghan M. Eastman, Matthew J. Ravosa

Publications

Many organisms exhibit a decrease in the ability to modify their phenotypes in response to shifts in environmental conditions as they mature. Such age-dependent plasticity has important implications in a variety of evolutionary and ecological contexts, particularly with respect to understanding adaptive responses to heterogeneous environments. In this study we used experimental diet manipulation to examine the life-history trajectory of plasticity in the feeding complex of a model organism, the white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). We demonstrate that, contrary to expectations derived from previous cross-sectional studies of skeletal plasticity, the jaws of weanlings and young adults exhibit similar increases …

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: How Children Are Impacted Throughout Their Lives, Tytiana Davis

Research Papers

AN ABSTRACT OF THE RESEARCH PAPER

Tytiana Davis, for the Master of Science degree in Rehabilitation Counseling, presented on November 7, 2014, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale.

TITLE: FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDER: HOW CHILDREN ARE IMPACTED THROUGHOUT THEIR LIVES

MAJOR PROFESSOR: Thomas D. Upton

The following research paper will be completed on the importance of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum -Disorder, and how children are possibly affected later in life and the impact it has on society. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder includes Full Blown Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), Partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (pFAS), Alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), Alcohol Related Birth Defects …

Development Of A Digital Noise Exposure System For Research On Noise Induced Hearing Loss, Jun Qin, Qing Wu, Jacob Walker, Kathleen Campbell, Daniel Fox

Conference Proceedings

Over thirty million Americans suffer from noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Previous research demonstrated that different types of noises, even with equal sound energies, could produce different amounts of hearing loss. In this project, a novel digital noise exposure system has been developed for generating various noise signals (e.g. pure-tone, Gaussian, impulsive, and complex noise). The developed system can be used to study NIHL in animal models. The system could produce impulse noise with peak sound pressure level (SPL) up to 160 dB, which effectively mimics the noise generated by a military weapon (e.g., M-16 rifle). The preliminary results of …

Southern Alumni, Siu Alumni Association

SIU Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

An Empirical Analysis Of The Role Of Geography In Sustainability Education, Makayla Jane Bonney

Theses

Many within and outside of the discipline of geography see it as a highly appropriate home for sustainability studies. Despite a history of human-environment education within geography and support from professional research or education organizations, some studies show that geography has not developed a lead role in sustainability education. This study examines the role of geography in offering "Sustainability Focused" courses as reported by AASHE STARS institutions with geography programs. The results show that although geography departments are highly utilized when available at an institution -offering the highest proportion of sustainability courses, averaging 14% of "Sustainability Focused" curriculum- there is …

Mental Health Impairment And Human Capital Acquisition: Underage Drinking As A Predictor Of Concomitant Alcohol Dependence And Poor Educational Attainment, Euchay Ngozi Horsman

Dissertations

Underage drinking has featured prominently in both scholarly and conventional literature in recent decades as a major health and socio-economic concern in the United States. As new evidence emerges associating underage drinking with a host of negative outcomes for both the youth who drinks and society in general, a closer examination of the long-term effects of underage drinking is critical. This exploratory study was designed to examine predictor variables and their ramifications (1) using logistic regression to identify a model for underage drinking history (UDHISTORY) as a predictor of concomitant alcohol dependence and poor educational attainment (CADAPEA) among individuals aged …

Southern Alumni, Siu Alumni Association

SIU Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Focus Of Attention On Balance In Chemotherapy Patients, Amanda J. Arnold

Research Papers

No abstract provided.

The Daily Egyptian, May 06, 2014, Daily Egyptian Staff

May 2014

No abstract provided.

Use Of An Interactive Web-Based Platform, Founded On Constructs From The Social Cognitive Theory, To Benefit Eating Competence, Matthew T. Moyer

Dissertations

Since Web-based interventions have a significantly high rate of attrition ranging from 99.5% to 77.5%, the researcher employed an instrumental case study approach to understand compliance in a Web-portal. The specific issue for this study was attrition rates and how SCT constructs affected eating competence. Qualitative data provided ground zero insight to a complex issue that was further understood. To better understand the phenomenon, participants that registered for the 30-day study and the software developer were interviewed. All interviews (n=6) were transcribed and data from the transcriptions were transformed from dialogues, into categories, then themes, and finally into concepts. Five …

Home Economics Programs Within Higher Education: A Typology, Sara Holtzman

Theses

Home economics programs through the 1920s served varied purposes within higher education. This typology addresses three types of home economics programs - teaching, extension, and academia- through the lens of characteristics, curricula, and examples. Reviewing historical events that lead into the differentiation of home economics programs throughout the United States offers unique insights into the reasons for the development of each type. This typology offers a different point of view in considering what home economics programs entailed, and defines the field as an intentional and academic program of study for the women of higher education.

Dynamics Of Early-Season Weed Management And Soybean Nutrition, Nick T. Harre

Theses

The popularity of growers using only postemergence (POST) herbicides for weed management in soybean was enabled by the commercialization of glyphosate-resistant soybean. The efficacy and flexibility provided by this technology diminished the use of soil residual herbicides and arguably, increased soybean yield loss from early-season weed competition. While, the rapid evolution and biogeographical spread of herbicide-resistant weeds, especially glyphosate-resistant biotypes, has renewed interest into the use of soil residual products, herbicide-resistant soybean technologies continue to be developed that may once again entice growers into POST-only weed management systems. The commercial interest in soybean yield advancements justifies further characterizing the benefits …