Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

South Dakota State University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2701 - 2730 of 8049

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Serologic Response Of Gnotobiotic Pigs Challenged With Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Serotype 5 Or Actinobacillus Suis Field Isolates, C.C.L. Chase, K. Wright, J. Torrison, L.J. Braun May 2002

Serologic Response Of Gnotobiotic Pigs Challenged With Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Serotype 5 Or Actinobacillus Suis Field Isolates, C.C.L. Chase, K. Wright, J. Torrison, L.J. Braun

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Three studies, a pilot study with conventional early-weaned pigs and two studies with gnotobiotic pigs were completed. The piolot study indicated that conventional pigs could be challeneged with at least 107 colony forming units (cfu) or Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) or Actinobacillus suis (A suis) without developing clinical signs. No serological response was detected in these pigs. In the first gnotobiotic study, nine pigs were used: 3 control, 3 APP or 3 A. suis. The two groups of challened pigs failed to respond clinically or serologically to the intial callenege of 106 cfu or either APP or A. suis but the …

Go to article

The Effect Of Diet And Oral Antibiotic Therapy On Immune Function And Productivity In Young Pigs, C.C.L. Chase, D.J. Hurley, R.C. Thaler, T.E. Lucas May 2002

The Effect Of Diet And Oral Antibiotic Therapy On Immune Function And Productivity In Young Pigs, C.C.L. Chase, D.J. Hurley, R.C. Thaler, T.E. Lucas

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Medicated early weaning programs have been shown to be an excellent method to control disease incidence in the young pig. Additional research by Dritz, et al1, showed that early weaning at 7-10 days without medication resulted in significant weight gains over conventional weaning at 14-17 days. We were interested in the effects of low levels of conventional water and feed grade antibiotic tratments on performance and immunological parameters of the young pig in a commercial operation. Previously, we had tested this treatment at a research facility and had shown increased production and a decreased polyclonal immunological response in the reated …

Go to article

Thermal Environmental Effects And Group Size On Growing Swine Immune Status, S.H. Pohl, D.J. Hurley, R.C. Thaler, C.C. Chase May 2002

Thermal Environmental Effects And Group Size On Growing Swine Immune Status, S.H. Pohl, D.J. Hurley, R.C. Thaler, C.C. Chase

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

The effects of environmental conditions on the immune system of growing pigs (30-50 kg) were studied using T and B cell proliferation counts. Pigs were exposed to a constant 32°C ambient temperature versus a naturally occurring diurnal temperature variation during hot weather and a constant 10°C vs 21°C ambient temperature during cold weather. In addition, T and B cell proliferation counts were compared for pigs in single, 9 and 18 pigs/pen group sizes. Concancavalin A (ConA), Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) mitogens were used to determine T cell activation over time. Pokeweed (PWM), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Salmonella typhimurium …

Go to article

The Changing Face Of The Swine Industry In South Dakota: Reasons For Exit From The Industry, N. Klein, C. Tongkasame May 2002

The Changing Face Of The Swine Industry In South Dakota: Reasons For Exit From The Industry, N. Klein, C. Tongkasame

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

All livestock producers' experience cycles of high and low prices. The objective of this study was to determine what, besides the obvious reason of low prices, has caused South Dakota producers to leave the swine industry. Along with this, we hoped to identify the characteristics of producers who have exited for various different reasons, arid then to identify which attributes would have the greatest impact on a producer's decision to re-entry the swine industry. If we can identify characteristics of producers who have left for different reasons, we may be better able to form policies and educational programs to help …

Go to article

Update On South Dakota's Hog Market, M.A. Diersen, J. Walti May 2002

Update On South Dakota's Hog Market, M.A. Diersen, J. Walti

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

South Dakota farmers continue to produce a sizeable number of hogs despite recent contraction throughout the hog industry. USDA-NASS reports an inventory of over 1 million hogs in the state (SDASS). South Dakota ranked 11th among U.S. states in hog inventory and ranked 12th in pig crop size in 2000. Production practices vary from farrow-to-finish to specialization in farrowing, growing, and finishing. This paper seeks to highlight recent trends and new information related to South Dakota's hog market. Several findings pertain to national (and global) structural changes that have implications for South Dakota. With the general trend toward continuous production …

Go to article

Field Application Of A Monoclonal Antibody Panel To Differentiate Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Isolates, E.A. Nelson, H.A. Jones, L. Yang, K.B. Platt May 2002

Field Application Of A Monoclonal Antibody Panel To Differentiate Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Isolates, E.A. Nelson, H.A. Jones, L. Yang, K.B. Platt

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is recognized as the most economically devastating disease of swine throughout the world. Nucleotide sequencing and serological studies have deomnstrated sustantial antigenic variation amoung PRRS virus (PRRSV) isolates (Murtaugh, et al., 1995; Nelson, et al., 1993, 1996). Recently, European-like PRRSV isolates have been identified in the US (Rossow, et al. 2000) and other new, highly virulent PRRSV isolates have appeared and affect sows at all stages of gestation causing mortality of adult pigs as well as young pigs (Epperson et al., 1997). Therefore, it is even more important to control the spread of these …

Go to article

Efficacy Of High Oil Corn In Reducing The Severity Of A Prrsv Challenge In Growing Pigs, B.T. Christopherson, R.C. Thaler, C.C. Chase, S.H. Pohl May 2002

Efficacy Of High Oil Corn In Reducing The Severity Of A Prrsv Challenge In Growing Pigs, B.T. Christopherson, R.C. Thaler, C.C. Chase, S.H. Pohl

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of high oil corn (HOC) on the aerosol transmission of the porcine reproductive and respiratory synrome virus (PRRSV), and the effects of HOC on PRRSV seroconversion in growing pigs. One hundred PRRSV negative gilts (25 kg) were housed in 1 of 2 mirror imaged rooms. Both rooms contained 10 pens with 5 pigs/pen, and each room had its own separate ventilation and maure handling systems. The study was arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The main effects consisted of a dietary energy source, (#2 yellow corn (CON) and …

Go to article

The Future Of Using Antibiotics In Livestock Feeding, H.H. Stein Ph.D. May 2002

The Future Of Using Antibiotics In Livestock Feeding, H.H. Stein Ph.D.

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

For more than 50 years, it has been recognized that livestock performance can be improved if antibiotics are included in the diets at sub-therapeutic levels. As a result, a relatively large number of feed antibiotics have been approved for livestock feeding, and it is common praxis all over the world to include one or more antibiotics in the diets for production animals. Typically, daily gain and feed utilization are improved by 5 to 10% by the inclusion of these antibiotic growth promoters.

Go to article

Effects Of Administration Of Estradiol-17p On The Serum And Anterior Pituitary Igf System In Pigs, L.A. Rempel, J.A. Clapper May 2002

Effects Of Administration Of Estradiol-17p On The Serum And Anterior Pituitary Igf System In Pigs, L.A. Rempel, J.A. Clapper

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

The anterior pituitary (AP) gland functions as a storage and releasing unit for several hormones; growth hormone (GH), gonadotrophins (luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone), prolactin, adrenocorticotropin hormone, and tyroid stimulating hormone. Luteinizing hormone (LH) functions to increase ovarian follicular growth and maturation and responds to increasing concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2) that occur at estrus to cause ovulation. Production and secretion of the protein, insulin-like grwoth factor-I (IGF-I), occurs primarily in the liver, in response to GH release from the anterior pituitary gland. Insulin-like growth factor-I increases glucose uptake, amino acid transport, and glycogen synthesis resulting in increased protein accretion …

Go to article

Lean Growth And Overall Performance Of Pigs During The Finisher Phase As Affected By Lean Growth Potential Determined During The Grower Phase And Dietary Protein Level During The Finisher Phase, J.N. Tembei, G.W. Libal, D.N. Peters May 2002

Lean Growth And Overall Performance Of Pigs During The Finisher Phase As Affected By Lean Growth Potential Determined During The Grower Phase And Dietary Protein Level During The Finisher Phase, J.N. Tembei, G.W. Libal, D.N. Peters

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Selection for decreased backfat thickness and faster rate of gain has resulted in pigs with increased potential for lean gain. Although energy intake is the limiting factor for lean growth during the grower period, the underlying limiting factor to support increased protein accretion during the finishing stage seems to be lysine intake. At the finishing phase, pigs consume enough feed per day to meet their energy requirements, but protein is the most limiting nutrient Genetics and sex influence growth performance and protein accretion in finishing pigs. Pigs from different protein requirements and these differences have been associated with differences in …

Go to article

Environmental Effects On Growing Swine Performance, S.H. Pohl, R.C. Thaler, B.D. Rops, J.A. Nienaber May 2002

Environmental Effects On Growing Swine Performance, S.H. Pohl, R.C. Thaler, B.D. Rops, J.A. Nienaber

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

The effects of environmental conditions on performance of growing pigs (30-50 kg) were studied over a four-week period. Pigs were exposed to natural occurring diurnal temperatures and a constant 32°C ambient temperature during normally hot weather conditions and constant 21 and 10°C ambient temperature conditions during cold weather. For each temperature treatment pigs were divided into single, 9 and 18 head per pen groups. The constant 32°C ambient temperature had a significant (P<0.05) effect on average daily gain and feed intake. Average daily gains were reduced from 0.72 to 0.64 kg/d and average daily feed intake was reduced from 1.53kg/d to 1.36 kg/d when comparing pig performance from the naturally occurring diurnal to constant 32°C temperature treatments. The 10°C cold weather treatment had no significant {P>0.05) effects on overall pig performance. Pigs from the 10°C treatment gained at a rate of 0. 72 vs 0.74 kg/d for pigs in the 21°C treatment. …

Go to article

2001 South Dakota State University Swine Research Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences May 2002

2001 South Dakota State University Swine Research Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

This is the complete 2001 Swine Research Report issued by the Department of Animal and Range Sciences.

Go to article

Effect Of Body Fat Measurement At Breeding And Gestation Energy Level On Farrowing And Lactation Performance Of First Parity Sows, G.W. Libal May 2002

Effect Of Body Fat Measurement At Breeding And Gestation Energy Level On Farrowing And Lactation Performance Of First Parity Sows, G.W. Libal

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Records kept by the swine industry reveal that a large precentage of females entering the sow herd are culled prior to reaching their peak reproductive performance expected in their fourth to sixth parity. In herds with low replacement rates over 30% of the females are culled and in herds with high replacement rates this figure exceeds 50% annually. Of those sows not culled for health or structural problems, most are removed because they fail to return to estrus or fail to maintain pregnancy after their first or second litter. Low feed intake and excessive weight loss during lactation have been …

Go to article

Transmission Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus By Semen Is Dose Dependent, C.D. Nelson, R.R. Rowland, D.A. Benfield May 2002

Transmission Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus By Semen Is Dose Dependent, C.D. Nelson, R.R. Rowland, D.A. Benfield

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Procine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is transmitted through semen via natural mating or atrificial insemination. However, the minimal infective dose of PRRSV required to effect transmission through semen is not known. In this study, we induced estrus in PRRSV seronegative gilts and then artificially inseminated these animals with extended, commercial boar semen “seeded” with difference concentrations (2, 20, 200, 2,000, 20,000, 200,000, or 2,000,000 TCID50/50 ml of semen) of the PRRSV isolate SD 92-23983. Infection of gilts by PRRSV was confirmed by weekly bleedings of these animals to detect serconversion using the commercial IDEXX ELISA. All pigs (n=7) …

Go to article

South Dakota's Hog Market: Developments And Prospects, M.A. Diersen May 2002

South Dakota's Hog Market: Developments And Prospects, M.A. Diersen

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Raising hogs and pigs tends to be South Dakota's second largest livestock enterprise based on sales revenue of about $200 million in 1999. Although it lags substantially behind raising beef cattle, hog production continues to contribute to South Dakota's economic base. South Dakota ranked 11th among U.S. states in hog inventory and ranked 12th in pig crop size in 1999. Production practices vary from farrow-to finish to specialization in farrowing, growing, and finishing. Based on inventory numbers, hogs consume a substantial portion of the corn and soybean meal produced in South Dakota. The year 2000 should bring about the first …

Go to article

Effect Of Nutrient Deletion From Lactation Diets On Feed Consumption And Weight Change Of Sows Intended To Be Culled And On Litter Performance During Lactation And Subsequent Nursery Phase, G.W. Libal May 2002

Effect Of Nutrient Deletion From Lactation Diets On Feed Consumption And Weight Change Of Sows Intended To Be Culled And On Litter Performance During Lactation And Subsequent Nursery Phase, G.W. Libal

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Sows that are destined to be culled from the herd need only produce milk to support adequate litter growth during the last lactation and need not maintain nutrient stores to support subsequent reproduction processes. Most reduction in lactation performance has been associated with nutrient deficiencies during the gestation period, not nutrient deficiences during lactation. Supplemental sources of trace minerals, vitamins, and calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) add cost to the lactation diet. If lactation performance is not affected by nutrient reduction, considerable feed savings could be realized for sows to be culled. Pig performance after weaning is also of concern. …

Go to article

Effect Of Added Lysine To Starter Diets Containing Primarily Zein Protein And Formulated To Provide .14% Tryptophan, M.S. Carlson, G.W. Libal, C.R. Hamilton May 2002

Effect Of Added Lysine To Starter Diets Containing Primarily Zein Protein And Formulated To Provide .14% Tryptophan, M.S. Carlson, G.W. Libal, C.R. Hamilton

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Corn gluten meal (CGM) is a by-product of the wet milling corn. It is the residue that remains after the bran, germ and starch have been removed and may contain either 41 or 60% crude protein. There is a temptation to use CGM as an alternative to soybean meal (SBM) when the cost of SBM is high. The 60% protein CGM contains a greater quantity of protein and more threonine, sulfur amino acids, and other neutral amino acids than 44% protein SBM. However, SBM contains greater amounts of lysine and tryptophan. Previous studies with growing and finishing swine indicated that …

Go to article

Field Peas Can Be Included In The Phase 2 Diet For Nursery Pigs Without Adverse Effects On Pig Performance, H.H. Stein May 2002

Field Peas Can Be Included In The Phase 2 Diet For Nursery Pigs Without Adverse Effects On Pig Performance, H.H. Stein

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Field peas are usually not included in diets for nursery pigs in the US. However, European and Canadian data suggest that field peas may be included in diets for nursery pigs without compromising pig performance (Stefanyshyn et al., 1999). So far, only little research has been conducted in the US to evaluate the effect of including field peas in diets for nursery pigs. Landblom and Poland (1996) reported decreased pig performance if 30 to 50% field peas were included in phase 1 diets for nursery pigs. However, working with extruded peas, they reported no detrimental effects of feeding 20% peas …

Go to article

Effect Of Diet Complexity And The Additive Effect Of Pharmacological Levels Of Zno And Carbadox On The Performance Of Weaned Pigs, D.Y. Lee, G.W. Libal, C.R. Hamilton, D.N. Peters May 2002

Effect Of Diet Complexity And The Additive Effect Of Pharmacological Levels Of Zno And Carbadox On The Performance Of Weaned Pigs, D.Y. Lee, G.W. Libal, C.R. Hamilton, D.N. Peters

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

The scientific literature documents the efficacy of antibacterial feed additives for weaned pigs. More recently, Feeding therapeutic levels of supplemental zinc (Zn) from zinc oxide (ZnO) stimulated voluntary feed intake and weight gain of young pigs. Over the last decade, research demonstrated that swine diets contianing sub-therapeutic levels of various antibiotics combined with pharmacological levels of copper (Cu) resulted in better performance than when either ingredient was provided individually. In 1982, an additive improvement in performance was found when a sub-therapeutic level (55 mg/kg) of carbodox (CARB) and high level of Cu (125 mg/kg) were provided in combination in a …

Go to article

Effects Of 2000 Mg/Kg Zn From Zno Or Carbadox On Performance Of Weaned Pigs As Influenced By Complexity Of Diets, G.W. Libal, T.A. Meyer May 2002

Effects Of 2000 Mg/Kg Zn From Zno Or Carbadox On Performance Of Weaned Pigs As Influenced By Complexity Of Diets, G.W. Libal, T.A. Meyer

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

The positive effect of pharmacological levels of zinc (Zn) from zinc oxide (ZnO), is well documented. Zinc at 3000 mg/kg has been shown to be as effective as carbadox (CARB) in the weaned pigs’ diet. Recent research has demonstrated an unexpected effect on weaned pig performance from adding 3000 mg/kg of Zn from ZnO to simple diets. Normally, pigs fed complex diets with specialty ingredients outperform pigs fed simple diets, primarily because of increased feed intake. However, performance of pigs fed simple diets with added ZnO has been equal to performance of pigs fed complex diets with or without added …

Go to article

The Effect Of Including Field Peas In Diets For Growing-Finishing Pigs, H.H. Stein May 2002

The Effect Of Including Field Peas In Diets For Growing-Finishing Pigs, H.H. Stein

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Individual pig weights were recorded at the beginning of the experiment and every two weeks thereafter. The amount of feed dumped in each feed was recorded on a daily basis and feed in the feeders was recorded each time the pigs were weighed. At slaughter, indvidual live wights, the dressed weights, fat depth, loin depth, and the lean meant percentage were measured for each pig. At the end of the experiment, feed disapearance for each pen was calculated for each period. Likewise, average daily weight gain and average gain to feed ratios were calculated for each pen.

Go to article

The Effects Of Oral Antibiotic Therapy On Productivity And Immune Function Following Challenge With E. Coli And Rotavirus, C.C.L. Chase, D.J. Hurley, R.C. Thaler May 2002

The Effects Of Oral Antibiotic Therapy On Productivity And Immune Function Following Challenge With E. Coli And Rotavirus, C.C.L. Chase, D.J. Hurley, R.C. Thaler

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

Early weaning programs have been aimed at the control and elimination of respiratory infections in the young pig. Segregation from their dams at less than 21 days, batch rearing with all-in and all-out by room, building, or site, and proper biosecurity (cleaning, disinfecting, and quarantine) are mandatory to implement early weaning programs1. Early weaning with all its components gives a tremendous economic advantage to those who use this technology. This technology however does not come without a cost. This requires necessary building sites, scheduling and a high level of management. Enteric infections such as neonatal coccidiosis and post weaning diarrhea …

Go to article

South Dakota Farmland Market Trends: 1991-2002, Larry Janssen, Burton Pflueger May 2002

South Dakota Farmland Market Trends: 1991-2002, Larry Janssen, Burton Pflueger

Agricultural Experiment Station Circulars (1920-1915)

Agricultural land values and cash rental rates in South Dakota, by region and by state, are the primary topics of this report, which is written for farmers and ranchers, landowners, agricultural professionals (lenders, rural appraisers, professional farm managers, Extension agents, and educators), and policy makers interested in agricultural land market trends. This report contains the results of the 2002 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Market Survey, the 12th annual SDSU survey developed to estimate agricultural land values and cash rental rates by land use in different regions of South Dakota.

Go to article

Effect Of Gestation Gain On Lactation Performance And Return To Estrus Of First Parity Sows, G.W. Libal, D.N. Peters May 2002

Effect Of Gestation Gain On Lactation Performance And Return To Estrus Of First Parity Sows, G.W. Libal, D.N. Peters

South Dakota Swine Research Report, 2001

One of the most costly problems in the swine industry is the high turnover rate of sows in the herd. Failure to consume adequate feed and excess weight loss during lactation has been associated with subsequent reproduction problems. Research has proven that high gestation feeding levels and excessive gestation gain results in low lactation feed intake and excessive sow weight loss during lactation. Sows completing their first parity and sows from extremely productive lines have been identified as those most likely to be lost from the operation because of failure to conceive after weaning. Recommended gestation feeding levels often result …

Go to article

Forage Nitrate Poisoning, O. E. Olson, R. J. Emerick, E. I. Whitehead Apr 2002

Forage Nitrate Poisoning, O. E. Olson, R. J. Emerick, E. I. Whitehead

SDSU Extension Fact Sheets

No abstract provided.

Go to article

After A Flood: Salvaging Flood-Damaged Buildings, G.R. (Bob) Durland Apr 2002

After A Flood: Salvaging Flood-Damaged Buildings, G.R. (Bob) Durland

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Buildings that have been exposed to flood wa¬ters need to be evaluated for the extent of damage and the amount of cleanup and repairs necessary to restore them to a useable condition. The first thing to do with a building that has survived a flood is to check its structural strength. If the building has been moved, shifted, or twisted, it may not be safe to enter. Check the foundation, sill, plate, roof supports, and walls for damage. If there is extensive damage to the building, it probably will be less expensive to tear it down and start again with …

Go to article

Richmond Lake Water Quality: Surface Water Pollution From Livestock Production, Joseph Schumacher Apr 2002

Richmond Lake Water Quality: Surface Water Pollution From Livestock Production, Joseph Schumacher

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

The improper management of livestock wastes (manure) can cause surface and groundwater pollution. Water pollution from animal production systems can be by direct discharge, runoff, and/or seepage of pollutants to surface or ground water.

Go to article

Richmond Lake Water Quality Project: Citizen's Guide To Environmental Terminology, Cooperative Extension Apr 2002

Richmond Lake Water Quality Project: Citizen's Guide To Environmental Terminology, Cooperative Extension

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

In recent years, environmental issues have received considerable media coverage. Yet, because of the technical terms that often accompany such stories, it is sometimes difficult to analyze these reports. This guide will provide you with a concise reference to many environmental terms used in the news, especially those referenced with water pollution issues. It is hoped that with this guide, you will be able to more objectively view not only popular press news items, but also technical reports that may be prepared at the local, state or national level.

Go to article

Plugging Abandoned Wells, Russell Derickson Apr 2002

Plugging Abandoned Wells, Russell Derickson

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Why seal abandoned wells? Abandoned wells pose a threat to the safety of animals and humans, especially small children. Unsealed abandoned wells may act like drains for runoff, allowing contaminated water to flow directly into an aquifer. Sealing abandoned wells by filling them with clay or cement prevents accidents and preserves the drinking water resource.

Go to article

Emergency Management For Livestock-Waste Disposal, Charles B. Johnson Apr 2002

Emergency Management For Livestock-Waste Disposal, Charles B. Johnson

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Livestock waste-storage structures that are currently full pose a management problem and an environmental pollution problem for produc¬ers, due to the possibility of a waste discharge. Fields that may normally be available for the proper disposal of stored livestock waste may be wet, flooded, or are otherwise unavailable for the disposal of stored waste.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last