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Prosecutorial Discretion And The Conditional Waiver: Lessons From The Japanese Experience, Mark Findlay Nov 1993

Prosecutorial Discretion And The Conditional Waiver: Lessons From The Japanese Experience, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

A unique characteristic of prosecutorial discretion in Japan is the formal practice of suspension. From the later part of last century, public prosecutors were presented with the discretionary option of waiving or suspending prosecution dependent on certain conditions.

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Auctions For Transferable Objects: Theory And Evidence From The Vehicle Quota System In Singapore, David K. C. Lee, Winston T. H. Koh Oct 1993

Auctions For Transferable Objects: Theory And Evidence From The Vehicle Quota System In Singapore, David K. C. Lee, Winston T. H. Koh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper studies the hypothesis that auctions with resale markets result in higher prices. The vehicle quota system introduced in Singapore in May 1990 provides the setting. The Certificates of Entitlement (COEs) necessary to purchase new cars were initially transferable for all quota categories. After October 1991, COEs for four major categories became non-transferable. Our results indicate that while the conversion to non-transferability eliminated speculation, it has also intensified competition among car distributors. Auctions for non-transferable COEs in fact led to higher COE prices in three of the four categories.

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Two Measurements Of B0 B-0 Mixing, J. Bartelt, Manoj Thulasidas Sep 1993

Two Measurements Of B0 B-0 Mixing, J. Bartelt, Manoj Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We have measured the B0B¯0 mixing probability, χd, using a sample of 965 000 BB¯ pairs from Υ(4S) decays. Counting dilepton events, we find χd=0.157±0.016±0.018+0.028−0.021. Using tagged B0 events, we find χd=0.149±0.023±0.019±0.010. The first (second) error is statistical (systematic). The third error reflects a ±15% uncertainty in the assumption, made in both cases, that charged and neutral B pairs contribute equally to dilepton events. We also obtain a limit on the CP impurity in the B0d system, ‖Re(ε0B)‖

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Hybrid Arq Schemes For Point-To-Multipoint Communications Over Nonstationary Broadcast Channels, Robert H. Deng Sep 1993

Hybrid Arq Schemes For Point-To-Multipoint Communications Over Nonstationary Broadcast Channels, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Hybrid automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) error control schemes make use of both error detection and error correction in order to achieve high throughput and low undetected error probabilities on two way channels. Two hybrid ARQ schemes, termed hybrid go-back-N (HGB- N) and hybrid selective-repeat (HSR), are proposed for point-to-multipoint communications over broadcast channels. Both schemes incorporate a concatenated code for error correction and error detection. The performance study of the hybrid schemes is based on a two-state Markov model of a burst noise channel. An analytic solution is derived for the throughput efficiency of the HSR scheme, while approximations and computer simulation …

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Entity Identification In Database Integration: An Evidential Reasoning Approach, Ee Peng Lim, Jaideep Srivastava Sep 1993

Entity Identification In Database Integration: An Evidential Reasoning Approach, Ee Peng Lim, Jaideep Srivastava

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Entity identification is the problem of matching object instances from different databases which correspond to the same real-world entity. In this paper, we present a 2-step entity identification process in which attributes for matching tuples may be missing in certain tuples, and thus need to be derived prior to the matching. To match tuples, we require identity rules which specify the conditions to be satisfied by a pair of tuples, from different databases, before they can be considered as modeling the same real-world entity. We also introduce ILFD's (instance-level functional dependencies) as a form of inference rules which derive the …

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Facial Image Retrieval, Identification, And Inference System, Jian Kang Wu, Yew Hock Ang, Chiam Prong Lam, S. K. Moorthy, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu Aug 1993

Facial Image Retrieval, Identification, And Inference System, Jian Kang Wu, Yew Hock Ang, Chiam Prong Lam, S. K. Moorthy, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recognition of a human face is very easy even to a child, but is extremely difficult for computers. Here we present a Computer Aided Facial Image Identification, Retrieval and Inference System (CAFIIRIS) for criminal identification. The system stores and manages facial images and criminal records, providing necessary image and text processing, and editing tools. Inference of facial images of different ages of a person is also possible. Access to facial images can be done via key words, fuzzy descriptions, and visual browsing.

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A Survey Of Expert Systems In Singapore And The Integration Of Multimedia Technology And Expert Systems, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu Aug 1993

A Survey Of Expert Systems In Singapore And The Integration Of Multimedia Technology And Expert Systems, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Expert systems technologies have been widely adopted by different industries form the early 1980s. There have been examples of expert systems embedded in applications developed for the financial and banking sector, manufacturing, services and government. In section 2 of this paper, we present a scan of expert systems used in different sectors. Section 3 will cover the expert system tools and applications developed in the decade of the 1980s. Section 4 will present some of the ongoing expert systems related activities. Section 5 will extrapolate the present work to forecast the future types of expert systems that might be developed …

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Memory-Adaptive External Sorting, Hwee Hwa Pang, Michael J. Carey, Miron Livny Aug 1993

Memory-Adaptive External Sorting, Hwee Hwa Pang, Michael J. Carey, Miron Livny

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In real-time and goal-oriented database systems, the amount of memory assigned to queries that sort or join large relations may fluctuate due to contention from other higher priority transactions. This study focuses on techniques that enable external sorts both to reduce their buffer usage when they lose memory, and to effectively utilize any additional buffers that are given to them. We also show how these techniques can be extended to work with sort-merge joins. A series of experiments confirms that our proposed techniques are useful for sorting and joining large relations in the face of memory fluctuations.

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Urban Constraints, Political Imperatives: Environmental 'Design' In Singapore, Victor R. Savage, Lily Kong Aug 1993

Urban Constraints, Political Imperatives: Environmental 'Design' In Singapore, Victor R. Savage, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

What lies at the heart of the continuing efforts at social education and engineering? We argue that they stem from a political elite which recognises the constraints facing Singapore and the need to deal with them at national level. Specifically, the government in Singapore has recognised the spatial constraints of an island-state and the dangers of a burgeoning population, particularly in relation to the need to sustain a viable urban ecosystem. They have therefore been conscientious in planning and population control. They have also stressed the importance of remaining economically viable in order to survive and an entire survival and …

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Performance Analysis Of Two Bridged Csma/Cd Networks, C. C. Ko, W. C. Wang, J. L. Du, Robert H. Deng, K. M. Lye Aug 1993

Performance Analysis Of Two Bridged Csma/Cd Networks, C. C. Ko, W. C. Wang, J. L. Du, Robert H. Deng, K. M. Lye

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper analyses the performance of two non-persistent CSMA/CD LANs linked by a bridge. The main function of the bridge is to buffer all internet work packets and forward them across networks to their destinations. From establishing and solving the main equations governing the behaviour of the bridged networks, the effects of design parameters such as the bridge buffer size and re-transmission back off delay on the performance of the system are studied. It is shown that if these parameters are chosen properly, better throughput and delay performance can be obtained, when compared with an equivalent CSMA/CD network without using …

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Internationalisation Of R&D Improves A Firm's Technical Learning, Arnoud De Meyer Jul 1993

Internationalisation Of R&D Improves A Firm's Technical Learning, Arnoud De Meyer

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Companies have been reluctant to internationalize the R&D function. The reasons for keeping R&D geographically centralized are mostly related to preserving optimal communication patterns. But market forces, and the diffusion of the sources of technological know-how, oblige many companies to decentralize and internationalize their R&D laboratories. How does one manage this international network of laboratories? The author takes the position that companies internationalize R&D to improve the process of technical learning. If this is the case, the management of the laboratory network has to stimulate this technical learning. On the basis of 14 case studies, five areas warrant attention: creating …

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Singapore's Motor Vehicle Policy: Review Of Recent Changes And A Suggested Alternative, Sock Yong Phang Jul 1993

Singapore's Motor Vehicle Policy: Review Of Recent Changes And A Suggested Alternative, Sock Yong Phang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper reviews recent developments in motor vehicle policy in Singapore, viz. the motor vehicle quota and weekend car schemes as well as regulations on cars entering and leaving Singapore. The adoption of a vehicle quota system over and above tax restraints on car ownership has made the job of the planner easier but has resulted in a great deal of price uncertainty in the motor vehicle market. The attendant result of price uncertainty has been speculation or rent seeking, necessitating several adjustments to the rules for the vehicle quota scheme in an attempt to counter speculation. This paper proposes …

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Performance Of A Token-Passing System With Batch Arrivals And Its Application To File Transfers, Robert H. Deng, Xuanyu Zhang, Kuan Tase Huang Jul 1993

Performance Of A Token-Passing System With Batch Arrivals And Its Application To File Transfers, Robert H. Deng, Xuanyu Zhang, Kuan Tase Huang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper investigates the performance of token-passing systems with limited service and Poisson arrivals. For pure Poisson arrivals, the Laplace-Stieltjes Transform (LST) of an approximate customer/packet waiting time distribution is derived and expressed as a functional equation, from which the approximate mean and variance of waiting time are obtained; for batch Poisson arrivals, an approximate mean of waiting time is derived. Mean waiting time approximations are compared against both simulation results and other results presented in the literature; the variance approximation is evaluated by comparing it to simulation results only, since no other results on variance have been reported so …

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Police Authority, Respect And Shaming, Mark Findlay Jul 1993

Police Authority, Respect And Shaming, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper explores structures of police authority which seek legitimacy though consensus and respect within the ideology of community policing. Respect may be presented as one of the principal, voluntary bonding relationships within any community, and is proposed as a key to analysing the prevention and control potential of policing strategies. Shaming comes into the picture as an indicator of the impact of police authority within different community/cultural settings. While reintegration makes sense in terms of community symbolism, the significance of policing as part of the reintegrative process depends on its status and interaction with community interests.

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Performance Analysis Of Interconnected Lans With Server/Client Configuration, Jiangling Du, Robert H. Deng, Chi Chung Ko Jul 1993

Performance Analysis Of Interconnected Lans With Server/Client Configuration, Jiangling Du, Robert H. Deng, Chi Chung Ko

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we study the end-to-end performance of interconnected local area networks (LAN) with server/client configuration. The system uses bridges to connect two token-ring LANs through a high-speed communication link. A server station located on one LAN receives requests from client-stations on the same LAN as well as on the remote LAN, processes the requests, and returns responses to the client-stations. The end-to-end connections of the interconnected network are modelled as single-chain and multiple-chain closed queueing systems, which are solved by an iterative algorithm based on the MVA (mean value analysis) method. The performance examples are shown in terms …

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Griffith University Library Law Collection, Elizabeth Naumczyk Jun 1993

Griffith University Library Law Collection, Elizabeth Naumczyk

Research Collection Library

No abstract provided.

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Partially Preemptible Hash Joins, Hwee Hwa Pang, Michael J. Carey, Miron Livny May 1993

Partially Preemptible Hash Joins, Hwee Hwa Pang, Michael J. Carey, Miron Livny

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the advent of real-time and goal-oriented database systems, priority scheduling is likely to be an important feature in future database management systems. A consequence of priority scheduling is that a transaction may lose its buffers to higher-priority transactions, and may be given additional memory when transactions leave the system. Due to their heavy reliance on main memory, hash joins are especially vulnerable to fluctuations in memory availability. Previous studies have proposed modifications to the hash join algorithm to cope with these fluctuations, but the proposed algorithms have not been extensively evaluated or compared with each other. This paper contains …

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Entity Identification In Database Integration, Ee Peng Lim, Jaideep Srivastava, Satya Prabhakar, James Richardson Apr 1993

Entity Identification In Database Integration, Ee Peng Lim, Jaideep Srivastava, Satya Prabhakar, James Richardson

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The objective of entity identification is to determine the correspondence between object instances from more than one database. Entity identification at the instance level, assuming that schema level heterogeneity has been resolved a priori, is examined. Soundness and completeness are defined as the desired properties of any entity identification technique. To achieve soundness, a set of identity and distinctness rules are established for entities in the integrated world. The use of extended key, which is the union of keys, and possibly other attributes, from the relations to be matched, and its corresponding identify rule are proposed to determine the equivalence …

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Federated Autonomous Databases: Project Overview, Satya Prabhakar, Jiandong Huang, James Richardson, Jaideep Srivastava, Ee Peng Lim, Sham Navathe, Ashok Savarase, Mark Foresti Apr 1993

Federated Autonomous Databases: Project Overview, Satya Prabhakar, Jiandong Huang, James Richardson, Jaideep Srivastava, Ee Peng Lim, Sham Navathe, Ashok Savarase, Mark Foresti

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The paper presents an overview of an ongoing research program, Federated Autonomous Databases, sponsored by Rome Laboratory (US Air Force) and conducted by Honeywell in collaboration with the University of Minnesota and Georgia Institute of Technology. This program is exploratory in nature and is aimed at understanding and solving, within the scope of the program definition, the problem of providing integrated access to distributed, heterogeneous and autonomous databases.

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Book Review: Taoist Mystical Philosophy: The Scripture Of Western Ascension By Livia Kohn, Alan Kam Leung Chan Apr 1993

Book Review: Taoist Mystical Philosophy: The Scripture Of Western Ascension By Livia Kohn, Alan Kam Leung Chan

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Livia Kohn's book is a work of considerable scholarship. It offers much more than an analysis of an early Taoist scripture. Not only does it present a careful reading and translation of the Xisheng jing (Scripture of Western Ascension), but it also provides significant insights into the rela- tionship between "Philosophical Taoism" and "Religious Taoism," the nature and development of Taoist mystical philosophy, and the socio- political and intellectual context, the concrete "life-world," of Taoism in early medieval China.

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Rhetorical Vision Of Men And Women Managers In Singapore, Jean S. K. Lee, Hwee Hoon Tan Mar 1993

Rhetorical Vision Of Men And Women Managers In Singapore, Jean S. K. Lee, Hwee Hoon Tan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Findings from a content analysis of newspaper articles are reported to uncover the rhetorical visions of men and women managers portrayed by the media in Singapore and to unfold the inherent conflicting forces that women managers face. The vision of women managers that was portrayed by the press emphasized the dilemmas and role conflicts that the women managers face, whereas the vision emphasized for the men managers was their managerial abilities. The study also uncovered that the success of the women managers relied on a support system that consisted of a male mentor, a supportive husband, and a mother or …

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Ideological Hegemony And The Political Symbolism Of Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong Feb 1993

Ideological Hegemony And The Political Symbolism Of Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Cultural geographers have for too long ignored the association between the 'religious' and the 'political', concentrating instead on separating the 'religious' from the sociopolitical and economic forces in society. The challenge is taken up in this paper in an analysis of the contemporary meanings and values of religious buildings in Singapore as invested by the state. Attention is paid to the state's conceptions of religion and religious space and the roles it plays in influencing such space. The ways in which, through its various roles, the state in Singapore plays a significant part in influencing context and hence in shaping …

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Evidence For Penguin-Diagram Decays: First Observation Of B→K*(892)Γ, R. Ammar, M. Thulasidas Jan 1993

Evidence For Penguin-Diagram Decays: First Observation Of B→K*(892)Γ, R. Ammar, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We have observed the decays B0→K*(892)0γ and B−→K*(892)−γ, which are evidence for the quark-level process b→sγ. The average branching fraction is (4.5±1.5±0.9)×10−5. This value is consistent with standard model predictions from electromagnetic penguin diagrams.

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Measurement Of Charmless Semileptonic Decays Of B Mesons, Bartelt; J.; Et Al., M. Thulasidas Jan 1993

Measurement Of Charmless Semileptonic Decays Of B Mesons, Bartelt; J.; Et Al., M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

No abstract provided.

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Search For Τ-→Γμ-: A Test Of Lepton Number Conservation, A. Bean, M. Thulasidas Jan 1993

Search For Τ-→Γμ-: A Test Of Lepton Number Conservation, A. Bean, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A search for the lepton mumber violating decay of the τ lepton to the γμ final state has been performed with the CLEO II detector at the Cornell e+e− storage ring CESR. In a data sample that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.55 fb−1, we observe no candidates in the signal region. We thus determine an upper limit of B(τ−→γμ−)

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The Ambiguity Of Accountability: Relationships Of Corruption And Control, Mark Findlay Jan 1993

The Ambiguity Of Accountability: Relationships Of Corruption And Control, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Corruption is a relationship of power and influence, existing within, and taking its form from specific environments of opportunity. Opportunity is, in turn, designated by the aspirations for such a relationship, and structures and processes at work towards its regulation. Both the creation and blocking of corruption opportunities are consequences of corruption control. Corruption regulation does not progress from prevention ideology to operational strategies in terms of total control, and therefore the regulatory space within which corruption and control interact becomes a construction of dependence.

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Gender, Ideology, Nation: Judou In The Cultural Politics Of China, William A. Callahan Jan 1993

Gender, Ideology, Nation: Judou In The Cultural Politics Of China, William A. Callahan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

ONE DAY IN February 1991 a Chinese film previously noted mostly for its radical use of color - Ju Dou - became an international political event. Politics and culture (once again) became intimately intertwined as China was honored with its first Oscar nomination at the same time that China was castigated for trying to censor this film, and hence control representations of "China."

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Hong Kong's International Status, Tuck Hong James Tang Jan 1993

Hong Kong's International Status, Tuck Hong James Tang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Characterizing Hong Kong's international status can be a hazardous endeavour.As a British colony and not a sovereign state, the territory has not been seen asan independent actor on the international stage. Attempts to identify theterritory's status have been further complicated by the 1984 Sino-British agreementto transfer Hong Kong's sovereignty from Britain to China in 1997. WhenHong Kong becomes a Special Administrative Region (SAR) with a 'highdegree of autonomy' under Chinese sovereignty after 1997, it will continue to bea non-sovereign territorial entity in international terms. Nonetheless, under the'one country; two systems' formula it has been granted extensive authority andpower in its …

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Cementing The Foundations: The Singapore Application Of English Law Act 1993, Andrew B.L. Phang Jan 1993

Cementing The Foundations: The Singapore Application Of English Law Act 1993, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

After almost one hundred and seventy-five years since the founding of modern Singapore in 1819,' the Singapore Legislature2 has finally passed the Application ofEnglish LawAct i9933 to clarify the application of English law in the island republic. Prior to the AELA, there were numerous areas of uncertainty with regard to both the general as well as the specific reception of English law that led to a plethora of literature but little else.

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Managing Across Borders: An Empirical Assessment Of The Bartett And Ghoshal (1989) Organizational Typology, Siew Meng Leong, Chin Tiong Tan Jan 1993

Managing Across Borders: An Empirical Assessment Of The Bartett And Ghoshal (1989) Organizational Typology, Siew Meng Leong, Chin Tiong Tan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

An empirical test of the Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989) organizational typology is presented. One hundred thirty-one senior executives of corporations with worldwide operations classified their operations, using the Bartlett and Ghoshal typology, as being one of the following: 1. a multinational corporation, 2. a global corporation, 3. an international corporation, or 4. a transnational corporation. The executives also evaluated their organizations' configuration of assets and capabilities, role of overseas operations, and development and diffusion of knowledge. Transnational corporations, those characterized as seeking to be globally competitive through multinational flexibility and worldwide learning capability, were least frequently reported by the respondents. …

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