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The Effects Of Shilling On Final Bid Prices In Online Auctions, Robert J. Kauffman, Charles A. Wood Jan 2005

The Effects Of Shilling On Final Bid Prices In Online Auctions, Robert J. Kauffman, Charles A. Wood

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An increasing number of reports of online auction fraud are of growing concern to auction operators and participants. In this research, we discuss reserve price shilling, where a bidder shills in order to avoid paying auction house fees, rather than to drive up the price of the final bid. We examine the effect that premium bids have upon the final selling price, since they are linked with reserve price shill bids. We use 10,260 eBay auctions during April 2001, and identify 919 auctions involving 322 sellers and 1583 bidders involved in concurrent auctions for the exact same item. We find …

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Technology Competition And Optimal Investment Timing: A Real Options Perspective, Robert J. Kauffman, X. Li Jan 2005

Technology Competition And Optimal Investment Timing: A Real Options Perspective, Robert J. Kauffman, X. Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Companies often choose to defer irreversible investments to maintain valuable managerial flexibility in an uncertain world. For some technology-intensive projects, technology uncertainty plays a dominant role in affecting investment timing. This article analyzes the investment timing strategy for a firm that is deciding about whether to adopt one or the other of two incompatible and competing technologies.We develop a continuous-time stochastic model that aids in the determination of optimal timing for managerial adoption within the framework of real options theory. The model captures the elements of the decision-making process in such a way so as to provide managerial guidance in …

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The Contractual Basis Of The Enforcement Of Exclusive And Non-Exclusive Choice Of Court Agreements, Tiong Min Yeo Jan 2005

The Contractual Basis Of The Enforcement Of Exclusive And Non-Exclusive Choice Of Court Agreements, Tiong Min Yeo

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article argues that, although choice of court agreements can be viewed from a procedural or contractual perspective, the predominant approach in Singapore and English law in respect of the exclusive jurisdiction agreement has been to give primacy to the rationale of the enforcement of a contractual bargain, tempered by a judicial discretion in its enforcement within the procedural jurisdictional context. It is also argued that the only difference between exclusive and non-exclusive jurisdiction agreements lies in the content and scope of the agreement between the parties, so the same contractual approach (as tempered by procedural considerations) should be applied …

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Selecting Employees For Global Assignments: Can Assessment Centers Measure Cultural Intelligence?, Michael M. Harris, Filip Lievens Jan 2005

Selecting Employees For Global Assignments: Can Assessment Centers Measure Cultural Intelligence?, Michael M. Harris, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Our field is replete with attempts to measure and predict a variety of behaviors in the workplace, including task performance, contextual performance, counterproductive activity, to name but a few. One of the most recent types of behavior that organizations would like to predict is the ability to interact effectively with culturally-dissimilar others. Known by various names, including cultural intelligence or cultural adaptability, there is relatively little research as of yet regarding this topic. Nevertheless, given the growing recognition that the workplace increasingly operates in a global fashion, there is reason to believe that the literature regarding this topic will expand. …

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Assessment Centers: Recent Developments In Practice And Research, Filip Lievens, George C. Thornton Iii Jan 2005

Assessment Centers: Recent Developments In Practice And Research, Filip Lievens, George C. Thornton Iii

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In an assessment center, candidates who participate in various simulation exercises are evaluated by a multiple trained assessors on job-related dimensions. Examples of commonly used simulation exercises are role-plays, presentations, in-baskets, or group discussions. For nearly fifty years, assessment centers have remained a popular approach for managerial selection and development (Spychalski, Quinones, Gaugler, & Pohley, 1997), and they have been shown to have substantial validity (Thornton & Rupp, 2004). Assessment centers are also very much an international affair as they are used around the globe (Byham, 2001; Kudisch, Avis, Fallon, Thibodeaux, Roberts, Rollier, & Rotolo, 2001; Sarges, 2001). Over the …

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Is The Contractor More Secure With A Priority Right? A Functional Analysis Of Article 286 Of Prc Contract Law, Wei Zhang Jan 2005

Is The Contractor More Secure With A Priority Right? A Functional Analysis Of Article 286 Of Prc Contract Law, Wei Zhang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In recent years, China’s economic boom has drawn considerable attention all around the world. Real estate development is among the strongest pillars that support the fast growing GDP of this country. When fascinated by the shining residential buildings, office towers and public facilities sprouting across the country, however, we are also surprised at the mountains of the outstanding debts that Chinese contractors are not able to collect. Statistics shows that the aggregate amount of overdue payment to contractors has increased steadily during the past 15 years nationwide, with about $440 million in 1990, $2.4 billion in 1992, $3.7 billion in …

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The Common Law Choice Of Law Rules For Resulting And Constructive Trusts, Adeline Chong Jan 2005

The Common Law Choice Of Law Rules For Resulting And Constructive Trusts, Adeline Chong

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

There is a dearth of authority and in-depth discussion concerning what the choice of law rules are for claims involving the assertion that property is held on a resulting or constructive trust. It is usually thought that the choice of law rules set out by the Hague Convention on the Law Applicable to Trusts and on their Recognition (hereafter the ‘Hague Trusts Convention’), as enacted into English law by the Recognition of Trusts Act 1987, apply. However, it is arguable that this is not so for some types of resulting and constructive trusts, namely those governed by a foreign law; …

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Residual Life Distributions From Component Degradation Signals: A Bayesian Approach, Nagi Gebraeel, Mark Lawley, Rong Li, Jennifer Ryan Jan 2005

Residual Life Distributions From Component Degradation Signals: A Bayesian Approach, Nagi Gebraeel, Mark Lawley, Rong Li, Jennifer Ryan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

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Politico-Economic Factors Associated With Interest In Starting A Business: A Multi-Country Study, Thomas Begley, Wee Liang Tan, Herbert Schoch Jan 2005

Politico-Economic Factors Associated With Interest In Starting A Business: A Multi-Country Study, Thomas Begley, Wee Liang Tan, Herbert Schoch

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Public health is a legal term of art referring specifically to delineated powers, duties, rights, and responsibilities. An emerging human rights conception of public health justifies government intervention. Intervention involves public officials taking appropriate measures including environmental regulations pursuant to specific legal authority, after balancing private rights and public interests, to protect the health of the public. This article is a critical analysis of the performance of the actors in maintaining environmental standards in India. Part II is a discussion on the source of environmental law in India. Part III discusses the performance of the legislature. Part IV evaluates the …

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Regionalisation And Singapore's Transborder Industrialisation: A New Perspective On Suzhou Industrial Park, Xun Cai, Lu Gao, Caroline Yeoh Jan 2005

Regionalisation And Singapore's Transborder Industrialisation: A New Perspective On Suzhou Industrial Park, Xun Cai, Lu Gao, Caroline Yeoh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The dynamics of international economic competition have prompted governments to re-examine accustomed policies, and search for alternative strategies, in order to re-position their economies for the future. This paper takes a look at Singapore’s search for a competitive positioning in the global marketplace, and focuses on the city-state’s much-publicized, and controversial, flagship project in China, viz, the Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP). This strategic initiative is premised on the perceptions that Singapore’s positive reputation with multinational corporations, and ‘guanxi’ (or connections) with regional governments, will give the regional sites a strategic advantage in the competition for foreign investments. Earlier studies have …

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Some Brief Observations On The Significance Of Deterrence In Braithwaite's 'Pre-Empting Terrorism', Mark Findlay Jan 2005

Some Brief Observations On The Significance Of Deterrence In Braithwaite's 'Pre-Empting Terrorism', Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

No abstract provided.

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Restitution, Tiong Min Yeo Jan 2005

Restitution, Tiong Min Yeo

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Little of significance was decided on the law of restitution in 2004. There was nevertheless a smattering of cases dealing with points relevant to the principles of the law of restitution, sometimes directly, and sometimes indirectly.

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Facing China: Taiwan’S Status As A Separate Customs Territory In The World Trade Organization, Pasha L. Hsieh Jan 2005

Facing China: Taiwan’S Status As A Separate Customs Territory In The World Trade Organization, Pasha L. Hsieh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

On Nov 11, 2001, in Doha, Qatar, the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) unanimously approved Taiwan's application for WTO membership, just 24 hours after approving China's admission. Taiwan's choice as the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, abbreviated as Chinese Taipei, in the WTO, instead of its official name, Republic of China (PRC), shows its reluctant compromise with political reality. The PRC's claim that accession procedures applying to Taiwan and Hong Kong should be identical erroneous because, under international trade law, the ROC is the automatic government acting on behalf of Taiwan and …

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Non-Violation Complaints: Wto Issues And Recent Free Trade Agreements, Locknie Hsu Jan 2005

Non-Violation Complaints: Wto Issues And Recent Free Trade Agreements, Locknie Hsu

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs) in the last decade has resulted in an accompanying increase in dispute settlement regimes pertaining to those agreements. One obvious consequence is that increasingly, states are exposing themselves to such complaints, and not necessarily with the limitations that have been imposed on the at General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)/World Trade Organization (WTO). The inherent ambiguity surrounding non-violation complaints at the WTO, and other risks relating to such complaints, are being multiplied manifold by these FTAs. The non-violation concept appears to have originated even before the GATT came into being. Developing-country FTA …

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An Analytical Framework For Science Parks And Technology Districts With An Application To Singapore, Cher Chiew Francis Koh, Teow Hock Winston Koh, Feichin Ted Tschang Dec 2004

An Analytical Framework For Science Parks And Technology Districts With An Application To Singapore, Cher Chiew Francis Koh, Teow Hock Winston Koh, Feichin Ted Tschang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper analyzes the question: what does it take for science parks and technology districts to evolve and grow? We propose an analytical framework to examine the gestation, evolution and sustainability of science parks and regional phenomena at a broader scale such as technology districts. The framework comprises three aspects of a science park's development: growth mechanisms, level of technological capabilities, and integration with national or global markets. The main growth mechanisms we identify are government-led infrastructure provision, agglomeration effects and continual self-renewal through the creation of new businesses. We apply this framework to analyze Singapore's science park strategy and …

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On Measuring Influence In Non-Binary Voting Games, Vincent Chua, C. H. Ueng Dec 2004

On Measuring Influence In Non-Binary Voting Games, Vincent Chua, C. H. Ueng

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this note, we demonstrate using two simple examples that generalization of the Banzhaf measure of voter influence to non-binary voting games that requires as starting position a voter’s membership in a winning coalition is likely to incompletely reflect the influence a voter has on the outcome of a game. Generalization of the Banzhaf measure that takes into consideration all possible pivot moves of a voter including those moves originating from a losing coalition will, on the other hand, result in a measure that is proportional to the Penrose measure only in the ternary case.

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High Performance P300 Speller For Brain-Computer Interface, Cuntai Guan, Manoj Thulasidas, Jiankang Wu Dec 2004

High Performance P300 Speller For Brain-Computer Interface, Cuntai Guan, Manoj Thulasidas, Jiankang Wu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

P300 speller is a communication tool with which one can input texts or commands to a computer by thought. The amplitude of the P300 evoked potential is inversely proportional to the probability of infrequent or task-related stimulus. In existing P300 spellers, rows and columns of a matrix are intensified successively and randomly, resulting in a stimulus frequency of 1/N (N is the number of rows or columns of the matrix). We propose a new paradigm to display each single character randomly and individually (therefore reducing the stimulus frequency to 1/(N*N)). On-line experiments showed that this new speller significantly improved the …

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Values Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Dec 2004

Values Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research studies the values of m-commerce using a qualitative means-ends approach, called Value-Focused Thinking. The conceptual foundation for this research is the Work System Framework. By interviewing both current and potential m-commerce users, we captured the values of m-commerce and develop a means-ends objective network to illustrate the relationships among these values. As one of the first empirical research to assess the values of m-commerce, this research contributes to an increased understanding of m-commerce. The means-ends objective network also serves as a theoretical foundation for future research in m-commerce. For practitioners, our findings highlight the concerns and issues of …

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Development Of Land Rental Markets In Rural Zhejiang: Growth Of Off-Farm Jobs And Institution Building, Qian Forrest Zhang, Qingguo Ma, Xu Xu Dec 2004

Development Of Land Rental Markets In Rural Zhejiang: Growth Of Off-Farm Jobs And Institution Building, Qian Forrest Zhang, Qingguo Ma, Xu Xu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

We employ survey data collected in 2001 in Zhejiang province to investigate patterns and determinants of land market development. Previous studies have noted the correlation between growth of off-farm jobs and rental-market development at the aggregate level, but failed empirically to demonstrate mechanisms at the disaggregate level. Our analyses find concrete evidence at the household level connecting developments in labour and land markets. Growth in off-farm jobs allow rural households to transfer labour out of farming and prompt them to relinquish land rights, generating a supply of land that drives rental activities. We also go beyond interactions between factor markets …

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Automatic Model Structuring From Text Using Biomedical Ontology, Joshi R., Li X., Ramachandaran S., Tze-Yun Leong Dec 2004

Automatic Model Structuring From Text Using Biomedical Ontology, Joshi R., Li X., Ramachandaran S., Tze-Yun Leong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Bayesian Networks and Influence Diagrams are effective methods for structuring clinical problems. Constructing a relevant structure without the numerical probabilities in itself is a challenging task. In addition, due to the rapid rate of innovations and new findings in the biomedical domain, constructing a relevant graphical model becomes even more challenging. Building a model structure from text with minimum intervention from domain experts and minimum training examples has always been a challenge for the researchers. In the biomedical domain, numerous advances have been made which may make this dream a possibility now. We are currently trying to build a general …

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Design Lessons On Access Features In Paper, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ming Yin, Eng-Kai Suen, Ee Peng Lim Dec 2004

Design Lessons On Access Features In Paper, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ming Yin, Eng-Kai Suen, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Using Nielsen's Heuristic Evaluation, this paper reports a user study with six usability-trained subjects to evaluate PAPER's access features in assisting users to retrieve information efficiently, part of an on-going design partnership with stakeholders and designers/developers. PAPER (Personalised Adaptive Pathways for Exam Resources) is an improved version evolving from an earlier implementation of GeogDL built upon G-Portal, a geospatial digital library infrastructure. After two initial evaluations with student and teacher design partners, PAPER has evolved into a system containing a new bundle of personalized, interactive services with four modules: mock exam; personal coach (practice and review); trend analysis and performance …

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Supporting Field Study With Personalized Project Spaces In A Geographical Digital Library, Ee Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Zehua Liu, John Hedberg, Chew-Hung Chang, Tiong-Sa Teh, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Yin-Leng Theng Dec 2004

Supporting Field Study With Personalized Project Spaces In A Geographical Digital Library, Ee Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Zehua Liu, John Hedberg, Chew-Hung Chang, Tiong-Sa Teh, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Yin-Leng Theng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Digital libraries have been rather successful in supporting learning activities by providing learners with access to information and knowledge. However, this level of support is passive to learners and interactive and collaborative learning cannot be easily achieved. In this paper, we study how digital libraries could be extended to serve a more active role in collaborative learning activities. We focus on developing new services to support a common type of learning activity, field study, in a geospatial context. We propose the concept of personal project space that allows individuals to work in their personalized environment with a mix of private …

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Justilm: Few-Shot Justification Generation For Explainable Fact-Checking Of Real-World Claims, Fengzhu Zeng, Wei Gao Dec 2004

Justilm: Few-Shot Justification Generation For Explainable Fact-Checking Of Real-World Claims, Fengzhu Zeng, Wei Gao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Justification is an explanation that supports the verdict assigned to a claim in fact-checking. However, the task of justification generation is previously oversimplified as summarization of fact-check article authored by professional checkers. In this work, we propose a realistic approach to generate justification based on retrieved evidence. We present a new benchmark dataset called ExClaim for Explainable Claim verification, and introduce JustiLM, a novel few-shot retrieval-augmented language model to learn justification generation by leveraging fact-check articles as auxiliary resource during training. Our results show that JustiLM outperforms in-context learning (ICL)-enabled LMs including Flan-T5 and Llama2, and the retrieval-augmented model Atlas …

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The Value Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Dec 2004

The Value Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research studies the values of m-commerce using a qualitative means-ends approach, called Value-Focused Thinking. The conceptual foundation for this research is the Work System Framework. By interviewing both current and potential m-commerce users, we captured the values of m-commerce and develop a means-ends objective network to illustrate the relationships among these values. As one of the first empirical research to assess the values of m-commerce, this research contributes to an increased understanding of mcommerce. The means-ends objective network also serves as a theoretical foundation for future research in mcommerce. For practitioners, our findings highlight the concerns and issues of …

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Theoretical And Practical Complexity Of Unified Modeling Language: Delphi Study And Metrics Analyses, J. Erickson, Keng Siau Dec 2004

Theoretical And Practical Complexity Of Unified Modeling Language: Delphi Study And Metrics Analyses, J. Erickson, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Systems have become increasingly complex, and as a result development methods have become more complex as well. The unified modeling language (UML) has been criticized for the often cited and sometimes over- whelming complexity it presents to its users, and those seeking to learn to use it. Using Rossi and Brinkkemper’s (1996) complexity metrics, Siau and Cao (2001) completed a complexity analysis of UML and 36 other modeling techniques, finding that UML is indeed more complex than other techniques. Siau, Erickson and Lee (2002) proposed that Rossi and Brinkkemper’s metrics present the theoretical maximum complexity, known as theoretical complexity. This …

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The Singapore-India Connection: A Tale Of Two Industrial Parks, Caroline Yeoh, Wongso Kevin, Wee Tan Dec 2004

The Singapore-India Connection: A Tale Of Two Industrial Parks, Caroline Yeoh, Wongso Kevin, Wee Tan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In recent times, Singapore has, as part of its regionalisation strategy, established industrial parks in various countries, including China, Vietnam, and India. The parks are marketed as a winning combination of the host country’s unique location advantages and Singapore-style efficiency and management know-how. Singapore’s foray into India, in particular, was marked by the setting up of the ITPL in Bangalore; a development that met with great success. However, with global businesses shifting interests towards India, and competing industrial parks emerging to meet the increasing demand, ITPL is faced with stiff competition from other industrial parks; and Singapore has since announced …

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On Security Notions For Steganalysis, Kisik Chang, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Sangjin Lee, Hyungjun Kim, Jongin Lim Dec 2004

On Security Notions For Steganalysis, Kisik Chang, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Sangjin Lee, Hyungjun Kim, Jongin Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

There have been some achievements in steganalysis recently. Many people have been making strides in steganalysis. They have approached steganalysis from different angles; from information theory to complexity theory. Anderson gave a possibility that there is a provable secure steganographic system, but there had not been complexity theoretical approaches for years. In 2002, Katzenbeisser and Petitcolas defined the conditional security of steganography and gave a possibility for a practical, provable secure steganography for the first time, and Hopper et al. introduced a provable secure steganographic algorithm in the sense of complexity theory. Chang et al. also tried to define the …

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Economic Transition And New Patterns Of Parent-Adult Child Coresidence In Urban China, Qian Forrest Zhang Dec 2004

Economic Transition And New Patterns Of Parent-Adult Child Coresidence In Urban China, Qian Forrest Zhang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This study uses national data from the 1996 Life History and Social change in Contemporary China survey (N = 3,087) to gauge the effect of the economic transition on parent-adult child coresidence in urban China. Previous studies find that, thanks to state actions, traditional patterns in coresidence persisted in post-Mao urban China. This study still finds high levels of coresidence. China's aging population, coupled with an underdeveloped social security system, means that the traditional role of family will remain strong. It also uncovers three new patterns, however, best explained as caused by changes in the economic realm. First, the coresidence …

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Remembering The Future: Utopia, Empire And Harmony In 21st Century International Theory, William A. Callahan Dec 2004

Remembering The Future: Utopia, Empire And Harmony In 21st Century International Theory, William A. Callahan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Using a comparative approach to international relations theory, this article examines how ancient ideas are being recycled to describe world order in the 21st century. In particular, it provides a thick description of three models of utopia in global politics - Great Harmony and Harmony-with-difference from China, and Empire from Hardt and Negri. Using an unexplored set of Chinese-language texts, the article first excavates how Communist Party intellectuals in China have been writing about the ancient Confucian ideal of Great Harmony as a way of promoting the Peoples Republic of Chinas role as a Great Power in the 21st century. …

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The Political Economy Of Polarized Pluralism, Salvatore Babones, Riccardo Pelizzo Dec 2004

The Political Economy Of Polarized Pluralism, Salvatore Babones, Riccardo Pelizzo

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of Sartori’s party system typology at least because, as Peter Mair recently pointed out, “there has been very little new thinking on how to classify systems since the seminal work of Sartori” (Mair, forthcoming). The first important party system taxonomy was proposed by Duverger in his Political Parties (1951). Duverger in this classic study identified three types of party systems: the one party system, the two party system and the multi-party system. By the early 1960s Sartori had become quite unhappy with this typology (Sartori, 1982). Sartori thought that both the one-party and …

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