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Accounting Conservatism And Managerial Incentives, Young Koan Kwon Nov 2005

Accounting Conservatism And Managerial Incentives, Young Koan Kwon

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

There are two sources of agency costs under moral hazard: (1) distortions in incentive contracts and (2) implementation of suboptimal decisions. In the accounting literature, the relation between conservative accounting and agency costs of type (1) has received considerable attention (cf. Watts 2002). However, little appears to be known about the effects of accounting conservatism on agency costs of type (2) or trade-offs between agency costs of types (1) and (2). The purpose of this study is to examine this void. In a principal-agent setting in which the principal motivates the agent to expend effort using accounting earnings, this study …

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Query Processing In Spatial Databases Containing Obstacles, Jun Zhang, Dimitris Papadias, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Manli Zhu Nov 2005

Query Processing In Spatial Databases Containing Obstacles, Jun Zhang, Dimitris Papadias, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Manli Zhu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite the existence of obstacles in many database applications, traditional spatial query processing assumes that points in space are directly reachable and utilizes the Euclidean distance metric. In this paper, we study spatial queries in the presence of obstacles, where the obstructed distance between two points is defined as the length of the shortest path that connects them without crossing any obstacles. We propose efficient algorithms for the most important query types, namely, range search, nearest neighbours, e-distance joins, closest pairs and distance semi-joins, assuming that both data objects and obstacles are indexed by R-trees. The effectiveness of the proposed …

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On Security Notions Of Steganographic Systems, Kisik Chang, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Sangjin Lee, Hyungjun Kim Nov 2005

On Security Notions Of Steganographic Systems, Kisik Chang, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Sangjin Lee, Hyungjun Kim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We define the notion of pseudoprocessingness to formulate chosen-input-attack, chosen-stego-attack, and key-recovery. We then construct a efficient, provable secure steganographic algorithm against chosen-input-attack and key-recovery. So far as we know, this is the first paper dealing with those security notions.

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Anonymous Dos-Resistant Access Control Protocol Using Passwords For Wireless Networks, Zhiguo Wan, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Akkihebbal L. Ananda Nov 2005

Anonymous Dos-Resistant Access Control Protocol Using Passwords For Wireless Networks, Zhiguo Wan, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Akkihebbal L. Ananda

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Wireless networks have gained overwhelming popularity over their wired counterpart due to their great flexibility and convenience, but access control of wireless networks has been a serious problem because of the open medium. Passwords remain the most popular way for access control as well as authentication and key exchange. But existing password-based access control protocols are not satisfactory in that they do not provide DoS-resistance or anonymity. In this paper we analyze the weaknesses of an access control protocol using passwords for wireless networks in IEEE LCN 2001, and propose a different access control protocol using passwords for wireless networks. …

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Accurately Extracting Coherent Relevant Passages Using Hidden Markov Models, Jing Jiang, Chengxiang Zhai Nov 2005

Accurately Extracting Coherent Relevant Passages Using Hidden Markov Models, Jing Jiang, Chengxiang Zhai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we present a principled method for accurately extracting coherent relevant passages of variable lengths using HMMs. We show that with appropriate parameter estimation, the HMM method outperforms a number of strong baseline methods on two data sets.

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The Power Of Power In Supplier-Retailer Relationships, Nirmalya Kumar Nov 2005

The Power Of Power In Supplier-Retailer Relationships, Nirmalya Kumar

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In his interesting paper, Martin Hingley makes a few key observations about power and role accorded to it in the relationship marketing literature that has become increasingly popular over the past decade. Fundamentally, the article states that the relationship marketing view sees power as alien to effective relationships, as negating cooperation, and as the antithesis of trust. In other words, power in a relationship is ‘‘only viewed in a negative sense’’. Or, alternatively, power is viewed as not important enough to include in relationship marketing models because firms have moved from transactional exchanges to relational exchange. It is contended by …

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Globalisation And Urban Crime: Mean Streets Or Lost Suburbs, Mark Findlay Nov 2005

Globalisation And Urban Crime: Mean Streets Or Lost Suburbs, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This parer introduces notions of contemporary globalisation and the manner in which crime and glotalisation interrelate. In particular, the importance of analysing crime and control at both local and global levels is emphasised. Issues of crime and space are addressed in the context of urbanisation. The tendencies of the city to marginalise, and the consequential criminal outcomes from this environment of modernisation (and the modem city) are discussed. Urban planning has had a crucial part to play in humanising and at the same time distinguishing the global push towards urbanisation, and crime prevention is now a recognised feature of globalised …

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A Spatial Analysis Of The Xiii Italian Legislature, Massimiliano Landi, Riccardo Pelizzo Nov 2005

A Spatial Analysis Of The Xiii Italian Legislature, Massimiliano Landi, Riccardo Pelizzo

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

We present a spatial map of the Italian House of Deputies during the XIII Legislature obtained by applying the Poole and Rosenthal methodology to roll call data. We estimate coordinates for almost all the 650 Deputies that were on the House’s floor at the time, and we aggregate them according to parties. We find that voting patters generate basically a two dimensional political space. The first dimension represents loyalty to either the ruling coalition or the opposing one. The second dimension is represented by the European Union. These findings are consistent with the exceptional case of the party Northern League, …

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China's Changing Economic Structures And Its Implications For Regional Patterns Of Trade Production And Integration, Kim Song Tan, Hoe Ee Khor Nov 2005

China's Changing Economic Structures And Its Implications For Regional Patterns Of Trade Production And Integration, Kim Song Tan, Hoe Ee Khor

Research Collection School Of Economics

There is tremendous momentum for economic and financial integration in East Asia today. Partly inspired by the formation of the European Union and partly as a response to the 1997/98 Asia financial crisis, many East Asian countries are showing greater commitment to regional economic cooperation. A number of bilateral free trade agreements (FTAs) have either been concluded or are being negotiated.1 At a less formal level, the ASEAN+3 grouping has brought the whole region together in regular consultations over trade, investment, as well as monetary and exchange rate policy matters.

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Created' Enclaves For Enterprise: An Empirical Study Of Singapore's Industrial Parks In Indonesia, Vietnam And China, Caroline Yeoh, Siang Yeung Wong Nov 2005

Created' Enclaves For Enterprise: An Empirical Study Of Singapore's Industrial Parks In Indonesia, Vietnam And China, Caroline Yeoh, Siang Yeung Wong

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The dynamics of globalization have prompted governments to re-examine accustomed policies, and search for alternative strategies, in order to re-position their economies for the future. This paper explores the spatial context of state involvement in the new economics of competition, with the focus on Singapore's much publicized, and controversial, orchestration of its state enterprise network to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand into the Asian region. This strategic initiative is promulgated on the exportability of Singapore's æstate credibilityÆ, systemic and operational efficiencies, and technological competencies, to locations where these attributes are less certain. A logit model is applied …

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Bloggers Beware: The Five Commandments For Bloggers, Warren B. Chik Nov 2005

Bloggers Beware: The Five Commandments For Bloggers, Warren B. Chik

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

There is a need for Singapore bloggers to be aware of legal issues arising from their online diaries, particularly in the light of the recent cases involving seditious remarks made online by bloggers that resulted in jail terms and fines; and earlier in the year, a dispute arose over allegedly defamatory speeches made by a blogger about A*STAR’s Chairman, Philip Yeo, which was resolved amicably, but not without an apology. The threats of legal repercussions in the form of civil lawsuits and criminal charges serve as reminders of the potential legal problems that can arise from blogging, and indeed from …

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Multiracialism Engineered: The Limits Of Electoral And Spatial Integration In Singapore, Eugene K. B. Tan Nov 2005

Multiracialism Engineered: The Limits Of Electoral And Spatial Integration In Singapore, Eugene K. B. Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper examines Singapore's innovations in electoral and spatial integration. In examining the Group Representation Constituency and the Ethnic Integration Policy, a critique is made of the official discourse that multiracialism is internalized and entrenched in Singapore's political psyche and electoral process. While the electoral and spatial integration policies are driven by the objective of enhancing multiracialism, their actual workings do not adequately advance the development of norms and values that would be truly supportive of the need for a multiracial legislature and an abiding commitment to multiracialism. The layering of the electoral system with other political objectives, such as …

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A Threshold-Based Algorithm For Continuous Monitoring Of K Nearest Neighbors, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Dimitris Papadias, Spiridon Bakiras, Yufei Tao Nov 2005

A Threshold-Based Algorithm For Continuous Monitoring Of K Nearest Neighbors, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Dimitris Papadias, Spiridon Bakiras, Yufei Tao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Assume a set of moving objects and a central server that monitors their positions over time, while processing continuous nearest neighbor queries from geographically distributed clients. In order to always report up-to-date results, the server could constantly obtain the most recent position of all objects. However, this naïve solution requires the transmission of a large number of rapid data streams corresponding to location updates. Intuitively, current information is necessary only for objects that may influence some query result (i.e., they may be included in the nearest neighbor set of some client). Motivated by this observation, we present a threshold-based algorithm …

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Corporate Change Management In Asian Business - A Comparison Between Chinese-Educated And English-Educated Chinese Entrepreneurs In Singapore, Thomas Menkhoff, Ulrike Badibanga, Yue Wah Chay Nov 2005

Corporate Change Management In Asian Business - A Comparison Between Chinese-Educated And English-Educated Chinese Entrepreneurs In Singapore, Thomas Menkhoff, Ulrike Badibanga, Yue Wah Chay

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Against the background of a rapidly changing business environment, the article examines the organizational change management behavior of the owner-managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in Singapore. The analysis of survey data is aimed at ascertaining whether there are any differences between Chinese and English-educated small (Chinese) businessmen in terms of Change Management (CM), a dichotomy that is of great historical and politico-cultural significance in Singapore. The survey data show that there are indeed differences between the subgroups (e. g. with regard to the initiation of a more participatory people management style) but these variations turned out to be far …

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Can Entrepreneurship Be Taught In An Action-Learning Format? We Compare Entrepreneurship Action Learning Outcomes For Undergraduate Students In Germany, Singapore, China, Korea, New Zealand, United States And Australia, Jens Mueller, Robert Wyatt, Heinz Klandt, Wee Liang Tan Nov 2005

Can Entrepreneurship Be Taught In An Action-Learning Format? We Compare Entrepreneurship Action Learning Outcomes For Undergraduate Students In Germany, Singapore, China, Korea, New Zealand, United States And Australia, Jens Mueller, Robert Wyatt, Heinz Klandt, Wee Liang Tan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

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Selective Object Stabilization For Home Video Consumers, Zailiang Pan, Chong-Wah Ngo Nov 2005

Selective Object Stabilization For Home Video Consumers, Zailiang Pan, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper describes a unified approach for video stabilization. The essential goal is to stabilize image sequences that consist of moving foreground objects, which appear frequently in today's home videos captured by hand-held consumer cameras. Our proposed techniques mainly, rely on the analysis of;motion content. Three major components area initialization, segmentation and stabilization. In motion initialization, we propose a novel algorithm to efficiently search for the best possible frame in a sequence to start segmentation. Our segmentation algorithm is based on Expectation-Maximization (EM) framework which provides the mechanism for simultaneous estimation of motion models and their layers of support. Based …

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Exploiting Self-Adaptive Posture-Based Focus Estimation For Lecture Video Editing, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong Nov 2005

Exploiting Self-Adaptive Posture-Based Focus Estimation For Lecture Video Editing, Feng Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Head pose plays a special role in estimating a presenter’s focuses and actions for lecture video editing. This paper presents an efficient and robust head pose estimation algorithm to cope with the new challenges arising in the content management of lecture videos. These challenges include speed requirement, low video quality, variant presenting styles and complex settings in modern classrooms. Our algorithm is based on a robust hierarchical representation of skin color clustering and a set of pose templates that are automatically trained. Contextual information is also considered to refine pose estimation. Most importantly, we propose an online learning approach to …

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Motion-Based Approach For Bbc Rushes Structuring And Characterization, Chong-Wah Ngo, Zailiang Pan Nov 2005

Motion-Based Approach For Bbc Rushes Structuring And Characterization, Chong-Wah Ngo, Zailiang Pan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

No abstract provided.

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Mining Ontological Knowledge From Domain-Specific Text Documents, Xing Jiang, Ah-Hwee Tan Nov 2005

Mining Ontological Knowledge From Domain-Specific Text Documents, Xing Jiang, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Traditional text mining systems employ shallow parsing techniques and focus on concept extraction and taxonomic relation extraction. This paper presents a novel system called CRCTOL for mining rich semantic knowledge in the form of ontology from domain-specific text documents. By using a full text parsing technique and incorporating both statistical and lexico-syntactic methods, the knowledge extracted by our system is more concise and contains a richer semantics compared with alternative systems. We conduct a case study wherein CRCTOL extracts ontological knowledge, specifically key concepts and semantic relations, from a terrorism domain text collection. Quantitative evaluation, by comparing with a state-of-the-art …

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Manpower Planning And University Enrollments: The Debate In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang, Linda Y. C. Lim Oct 2005

Manpower Planning And University Enrollments: The Debate In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang, Linda Y. C. Lim

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Faced with growing resource constraints, many countries are grappling with the issue of how best to allocate resources to publicly funded universities. Quite a few governments have used manpower planning models to guide policies regarding university enrollments and resource allocation. These models typically derive educational enrollments from projected manpower requirements based on forecasts of economic growth. Recent public debate on university admissions policy in Singapore raises anew the question of the effectiveness of the manpower planning model that Singapore (and many other countries) relies on to guide university intakes. The Singapore government is committed to giving its universities greater autonomy …

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Cross-Validation In Nonparametric Regression With Outliers, Denis H. Y. Leung Oct 2005

Cross-Validation In Nonparametric Regression With Outliers, Denis H. Y. Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

A popular data-driven method for choosing the bandwidth in standard kernel regression is cross-validation. Even when there are outliers ill the data, robust kernel regression can be used to estimate the unknown regression curve [Robust and Nonlinear Time Series Analysis. Lecture Notes in Statist. (1984) 26 163-184]. However, Under these Circumstances Standard cross-validation is no longer a satisfactory bandwidth selector because it is unduly influenced by extreme prediction errors caused by the existence of these Outliers. A more robust method proposed here is a cross-validation method that discounts the extreme prediction errors. In large samples the robust method chooses consistent …

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Dsim: A Distance-Based Indexing Method For Genomic Sequences, Xia Cao, Beng-Chin Ooi, Hwee Hwa Pang, Kian-Lee Tan, Anthony K. H. Tung Oct 2005

Dsim: A Distance-Based Indexing Method For Genomic Sequences, Xia Cao, Beng-Chin Ooi, Hwee Hwa Pang, Kian-Lee Tan, Anthony K. H. Tung

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose a Distance-based Sequence Indexing Method (DSIM) for indexing and searching genome databases. Borrowing the idea of video compression, we compress the genomic sequence database around a set of automatically selected reference words, formed from high-frequency data substrings and substrings in past queries. The compression captures the distance of each non-reference word in the database to some reference word. At runtime, a query is processed by comparing its substrings with the compressed data strings, through their distances to the reference words. We also propose an efficient scheme to incrementally update the reference words and the compressed …

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Automatic 3d Face Modeling Using 2d Active Appearance Models, Jianke Zhu, Steven Hoi, Michael R. Lyu Oct 2005

Automatic 3d Face Modeling Using 2d Active Appearance Models, Jianke Zhu, Steven Hoi, Michael R. Lyu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Although a lot of promising research findings have been studied on 3D face modeling in the past years, it is still a challenge to generate realistic 3D human face models and facial animations. This paper presents a novel approach to model 3D faces automatically from still images or video sequences without manual interactions. Our proposed scheme comprises three steps. First, we offline construct 3D shape models using Active Appearance Models (AAMs), which saves large computation costs for online modeling. Second, based on the computed 3D shape models, we propose an efficient algorithm to estimate the parameters of 3D pose and …

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Nil Is Not Nothing: Recognition Of Chinese Network Informal Language Expressions, Yunqing Xia, Kam-Fai Wong, Wei Gao Oct 2005

Nil Is Not Nothing: Recognition Of Chinese Network Informal Language Expressions, Yunqing Xia, Kam-Fai Wong, Wei Gao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Informal language is actively used in network-mediated communication, e.g. chat room, BBS, email and text message. We refer the anomalous terms used in such context as network informal language (NIL) expressions. For example, “஧(ou3)” is used to replace “ᚒ(wo3)” in Chinese ICQ. Without unconventional resource, knowledge and techniques, the existing natural language processing approaches exhibit less effectiveness in dealing with NIL text. We propose to study NIL expressions with a NIL corpus and investigate techniques in processing NIL expressions. Two methods for Chinese NIL expression recognition are designed in NILER system. The experimental results show that pattern matching method produces …

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Nil Is Not Nothing: Recognition Of Chinese Network Informal Language Expressions, Yunqing Xia, Wong, Wei Gao, Wei Gao Oct 2005

Nil Is Not Nothing: Recognition Of Chinese Network Informal Language Expressions, Yunqing Xia, Wong, Wei Gao, Wei Gao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Informal language is actively used in network-mediated communication, e.g. chat room, BBS, email and text message. We refer the anomalous terms used in such context as network informal language (NIL) expressions. For example, “偶(ou3)” is used to replace “我(wo3)” in Chinese ICQ. Without unconventional resource, knowledge and techniques, the existing natural language processing approaches exhibit less effectiveness in dealing with NIL text. We propose to study NIL expressions with a NIL corpus and investigate techniques in processing NIL expressions. Two methods for Chinese NIL expression recognition are designed in NILER system. The experimental results show that pattern matching method produces …

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Informal Animation Sketching With K-Sketch, Richard Christopher Davis Oct 2005

Informal Animation Sketching With K-Sketch, Richard Christopher Davis

Research Collection School of Computing and Information Systems

Animation is a powerful medium that is accessible to few, because current animation tools are extremely complex. This complexity arises partially from current tools’ focus on precise, often unnecessary details and partially from the difficulty of finding a small but sufficiently powerful set of tool features. We are designing K-Sketch, an informal 2D animation tool that uses sketching and demonstration to radically reduce the time needed to create an animation. Our field studies investigating the needs of current anima-tion tool users and would-be users are helping us to mini-mize complexity by showing us how to prioritize the many possible tool …

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Managerial Assessments Of E-Business Investment Opportunities: A Field Study, Anandhi S. Bharadwaj, Amrit Tiwana Oct 2005

Managerial Assessments Of E-Business Investment Opportunities: A Field Study, Anandhi S. Bharadwaj, Amrit Tiwana

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Managers charged with assessing investment opportunities for information technologies such as e-business projects face considerable uncertainty in their decision-making processes. Contemporary theories of the firm and the normative prescriptions thereof emphasize the potential for such investments to augment firm-level knowledge and relational capabilities. However, prior research has not examined the relative emphases that managers place on the knowledge and relational capability-augmenting characteristics of the e-business investments. In this paper, we develop a model to assess whether managerial evaluations of e-business investment opportunities are consistent with these normative and theoretical prescriptions. A test of the model using survey data on 485 …

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How To Understand China: The Dangers And Opportunities Of Being A Rising Power, William A. Callahan Oct 2005

How To Understand China: The Dangers And Opportunities Of Being A Rising Power, William A. Callahan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

china’s situation lends itself to hyperbole. the people’s republic of china (prc) has the largest population in the world, the fastest growing economy in the world, the largest army in the world, the largest middle class in the world, a permanent seat on the united nations security council, a manned space programme, a nuclear arsenal, and so on. but analysts, commentators and policymakers have yet to decide just how to understand china.

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The Emergence Of Corporate Forms In China, 1872- 1949. An Analysis On Institutional Transformation, Wai Keung Chung Oct 2005

The Emergence Of Corporate Forms In China, 1872- 1949. An Analysis On Institutional Transformation, Wai Keung Chung

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Growth Is Good For Whom, When, How?, John A. Donaldson Oct 2005

Growth Is Good For Whom, When, How?, John A. Donaldson

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Economic growth often helps the poor, but what about the many cases when it does not? The consensus that economic growth reduces poverty, encapsulated by two World Bank economists in the above-quoted article entitled Growth is Good for the Poor, leaves many important questions unanswered. What help does the knowledge that economic growth can reduce poverty provide for economies with few realistic prospects for robust, sustained growth? What hope does the understanding that growth reduces poverty on average provide for poor families that are excluded from prosperity? How should we respond when economic growth undermines the market positions of the …

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