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Summarizing Review Scores Of "Unequal" Reviewers, Hady W. Lauw, Ee Peng Lim, Ke Wang Apr 2007

Summarizing Review Scores Of "Unequal" Reviewers, Hady W. Lauw, Ee Peng Lim, Ke Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A frequently encountered problem in decision making is the following review problem: review a large number of objects and select a small number of the best ones. An example is selecting conference papers from a large number of submissions. This problem involves two sub-problems: assigning reviewers to each object, and summarizing reviewers ’ scores into an overall score that supposedly reflects the quality of an object. In this paper, we address the score summarization sub-problem for the scenario where a small number of reviewers evaluate each object. Simply averaging the scores may not work as even a single reviewer could …

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Vulnerability Analysis Of Emap: An Efficient Rfid Mutual Authentication Protocol, Tieyan Li, Robert H. Deng Apr 2007

Vulnerability Analysis Of Emap: An Efficient Rfid Mutual Authentication Protocol, Tieyan Li, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we analyze the security vulnerabilities of EMAP, an efficient RFID mutual authentication protocol recently proposed by Peris-Lopez et al. (2006). We present two effective attacks, a de-synchronization attack and a full-disclosure attack, against the protocol. The former permanently disables the authentication capability of a RFID tag by destroying synchronization between the tag and the RFID reader. The latter completely compromises a tag by extracting all the secret information stored in the tag. The de-synchronization attack can be carried out in just round of interaction in EMAP while the full-disclosure attack is accomplished across several runs of EMAP. …

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Perk Place: The Benefits Offered By Google And Others May Be Grand, But They're All Business, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

Perk Place: The Benefits Offered By Google And Others May Be Grand, But They're All Business, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Free gourmet food, 24-hour gym, yoga classes, in-house doctor, on-site haircuts, dry cleaner, nutritionist, swimming pool ... .These are just some of the perks Google -- and many other organizations -- offer employees. Companies have their reasons, of course: They want to attract and retain the best knowledge-workers they can, help them work long hours by feeding them gourmet meals on-site and handling time-consuming personal chores, and show them that they are valued members of the team. But, as Wharton faculty point out, there may be a potential downside to all this largesse.

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Land Of Opportunity: In The U.S., Immigrants And Entrepreneurs Are Increasingly The Same, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

Land Of Opportunity: In The U.S., Immigrants And Entrepreneurs Are Increasingly The Same, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Consider these numbers: One in four technology and engineering companies founded in the U.S. between 1995 and 2005 had at least one founder who was foreign-born, many of them from India and China; nationwide, immigrant-founded companies generated $52 billion in sales in 2005 and employed 450,000 people; immigrant non-citizens in the U.S. were either named as the inventor or co-inventor in 24.2% of patent applications filed in 2006. These are some of the findings of a recent study titled, "America's New Immigrant Entrepreneurs," by Vivek Wadhwa, an executive in residence at Duke University's Pratt School of Engineering, and a team …

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What Could Derail The India Express? Economists Speak Out, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

What Could Derail The India Express? Economists Speak Out, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

For the investors and businesses still swooning over India's red-hot growth, a pair of economists delivered a splash of cold water to their faces during a talk organized by the Center for the Advanced Study of India. Shanta Devarajan, chief economist for South Asia at the World Bank, and Arvind Subramanian, a division chief in the IMF's research department, argued that India's infamously inefficient institutions are a drag on growth -- though things aren't actually all that bad in comparison to other nations. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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I-Flex Solutions' Rajesh Hukku: 'No One Dreamed That $400,000 Would Become Almost $600 Million In 13 Years', Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

I-Flex Solutions' Rajesh Hukku: 'No One Dreamed That $400,000 Would Become Almost $600 Million In 13 Years', Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

In 1992, Rajesh Hukku, then head of Citicorp Overseas Software, spun off Citicorp Information Technology Industries Ltd. (CITIL), now called i-flex solutions, from the giant financial institution. Citi had decided that software wasn't its business, but invested $400,000 in the venture. In 2005, Oracle bought out Citicorp's 42% interest for $592 million, a humongous return on Citi's investment in just 13 years. In the first of a two-part interview with India Knowledge@Wharton, Hukku spoke about i-flex's start and strategy with Ravi Aron, a senior fellow at Wharton's Mack Center for Technological Innovation.

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Online Campaigns: The New Way Marketers Can Reach Out To Chinese Consumers, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

Online Campaigns: The New Way Marketers Can Reach Out To Chinese Consumers, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

As the number of netizens in China continues to increase at a torrid pace -- reaching more than 140 million users by early 2007 -- companies keep searching for ways to incorporate the Internet into their marketing campaigns. Through interactive digital marketing, companies hope they can tap into the growing trend of online participation by Chinese consumers and thus influence public perception of their brands. China Knowledge@Wharton interviewed experts in the field and looked at consumer brands, like Pepsi and Samsung, that are at the forefront of efforts to engage consumers in the creative process.

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Developing Story: Global Publishing Houses See New Potential In Indian Media, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

Developing Story: Global Publishing Houses See New Potential In Indian Media, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Global media houses have been systematically targeting India over the past two years, encouraged primarily by burgeoning readership levels and relaxed government policies on foreign investment in the industry. At the same time, deep-pocketed advertisers are zeroing in on a young, brand-aware population's rising income and literacy levels. In addition, foreign private equity investors and publishers have set up alliances with domestic players; new mainstream newspapers and niche magazines have been launched, and regional-language publishers have increased their reach. India Knowledge@Wharton spoke to publishers and market analysts about this media boom.

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How To Make Online Auctions More Successful – For Both Sellers And Buyers, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

How To Make Online Auctions More Successful – For Both Sellers And Buyers, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

With the growing popularity of the Internet and digital communication, the efficiency of the online auction has attracted increasing attention. In an article titled, “The Value of Reputation: Evidence from Online Auctions,” four scholars at Beijing University - Zhou Lian, Zhang Weiying, Gu Quanlin and Shen Yi – use data provided by Eachnet, a Chinese online auction company with the biggest market share in China before being acquired by eBay in 2003, to analyze the various factors that contribute to a successful online auction.

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When Local Risks Become Global Risks, And How We Can Minimize Them, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

When Local Risks Become Global Risks, And How We Can Minimize Them, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Climate change. Middle East instability. International terrorism. Oil price shocks. Weapons of mass destruction. The world is fast becoming a riskier place, and the days of wait-and-see are no longer an option, says the World Economic Forum's recently released Global Risks 2007 report. The report, published in cooperation with Wharton's Risk Management and Decision Processes Center, identifies 23 core risks -- most of which have worsened over the last year, despite growing awareness of their consequences. It also underscores a growing disconnect between the power of these risks to disrupt the world and our ability to mitigate them.

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Will Google And Baidu's Arrival Reshape The Mobile Search Industry In China?, Knowledge@Smu Mar 2007

Will Google And Baidu's Arrival Reshape The Mobile Search Industry In China?, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

China Mobile, China’s largest cell phone carrier, and Google, the world’s largest search engine, announced in January a “mobile search” partnership in China. Nine days later, China Unicom, China’s second-largest cell-phone carrier, reportedly entered into talks with Baidu, the Chinese search engine, about developing a similar alliance in China. The news marked the spread of search-engine warfare from computers to cell phones. For both Baidu and Google, a partnership with mobile operators is expected to help them win a significant number of subscribers in a short period of time. Will Google and Baidu’s arrival reshape the mobile search industry in …

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Examining The Socioeconomic Impacts Of Irrigation In The Southeast Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Sachiko Miyata, Tomoki Fujii Mar 2007

Examining The Socioeconomic Impacts Of Irrigation In The Southeast Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Sachiko Miyata, Tomoki Fujii

Research Collection School Of Economics

We explore the socioeconomic changes following implementation of an irrigation system in the Southeast Anatolia region of Turkey, and examines whether the improvement originally envisioned was achieved. We surveyed seven irrigated and eight non-irrigated villages in Sanliurfa Province, collecting several indicators at the household level, including crop patterns, household living standards, and access to water. Local perception of the irrigation project and decisions regarding water use also are examined. The irrigation projects have improved knowledge sharing of irrigation technology and helped to introduce the sharing of agricultural machinery. The projects also seem to have shifted the tribal hierarchy toward peer …

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It Is Not Worth Learning If It Is Not Remembered: Designing E-Learning To Increase Memory, Paula C. Engelbrecht, Tamas Makany, Katie Meadmore, Richard Dudley, Itiel E. Dror Mar 2007

It Is Not Worth Learning If It Is Not Remembered: Designing E-Learning To Increase Memory, Paula C. Engelbrecht, Tamas Makany, Katie Meadmore, Richard Dudley, Itiel E. Dror

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The collation, storage and retrieval of information are essential components of successful learning. Whether information is retained depends on a variety of factors, including how the information fits with an individual’s existing knowledge, the way in which information is presented, and its complexity. Some of these factors are under the direct control of the e-learning designers and developers. Investigating these factors and how they impact on memory is important and can enhance the quality of e-learning. Evidence from cognitive neuroscience suggests that information is stored in a semantically meaningful manner. It follows that e-learning technologies, which either mimic how knowledge …

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An Examination Of Strategies For Encouraging Feedback Interest After Career Assessment, Frederik Anseel, Filip Lievens Mar 2007

An Examination Of Strategies For Encouraging Feedback Interest After Career Assessment, Frederik Anseel, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study examines how feedback interest after career assessment can be influenced by changing individuals' beliefs about the importance and modifiability of the various performance dimensions. In an experiment, 82 master students completed a computerized assessment tool developed for assessing managerial potential. Results showed that participants in the experimental condition were more interested in feedback about important dimensions as opposed to unimportant dimensions and were more interested in feedback about nonmodifiable dimensions as opposed to modifiable dimensions. These findings might assist career counselors and organizations in designing strategies that direct feedback interest toward performance dimensions that are most important for …

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Employer Branding In The Belgian Army: The Importance Of Instrumental And Symbolic Beliefs For Potential Applicants, Actual Applicants, And Military Employees, Filip Lievens Mar 2007

Employer Branding In The Belgian Army: The Importance Of Instrumental And Symbolic Beliefs For Potential Applicants, Actual Applicants, And Military Employees, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study conceptualizes employer brand as a package of instrumental and symbolic attributes. Using a sample of 955 individuals (429 potential applicants, 392 actual applicants, and 134 military employees), we examine the relative importance of instrumental and symbolic employer brand beliefs across different groups of individuals: potential applicants, actual applicants, and military employees (with less than three years of tenure). Results show that instrumental attributes explain greater variance in the Army's attractiveness as an employer among actual applicants compared to potential applicants or employees. In all three groups, symbolic trait inferences explain a similar portion of the variance. In addition, …

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A Cautionary Note On The Effects Of Range Restriction On Predictor Intercorrelations, Paul R. Sackett, Filip Lievens, Christopher M. Berry, Richard N. Landers Mar 2007

A Cautionary Note On The Effects Of Range Restriction On Predictor Intercorrelations, Paul R. Sackett, Filip Lievens, Christopher M. Berry, Richard N. Landers

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The purpose of this research report is to highlight a unique set of issues that arise when considering the effects of range restriction in the context of estimating predictor intercorrelations. Three approaches are used to illustrate the issue: simulation, a concrete applied example, and a reanalysis of a meta-analysis of ability-interview correlations. The general conclusion is that a predictor intercorrelation can differ dramatically from the population value when both predictors are used in a composite that is used operationally for selection. The compensatory nature of a composite means that low scorers on one predictor can only obtain high scores on …

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Realized Daily Variance Of S&P500 Cash Index: A Revaluation Of Stylized Facts, Shirley J. Huang, Qianqiu Liu, Jun Yu Mar 2007

Realized Daily Variance Of S&P500 Cash Index: A Revaluation Of Stylized Facts, Shirley J. Huang, Qianqiu Liu, Jun Yu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In this paper, the realized daily variance is obtained from intraday transaction prices of the S&P 500 cash index over the period from January 1993 to December 2004. When constructing realized daily variance, market microstructure noise is taken into account using a technique proposed by Zhang, Mykland, and Ait-Sahalia (2005). The time series properties of realized daily variance are compared with those of variance estimates obtained from parametric GARCH and stochastic volatility models. Unconditional and dynamic properties concerning the realized daily variance are examined, the relationship between realized variance and returns is investigated, and the stylized facts concerning realized daily …

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Evaluating Dynamic Performance: The Influence Of Salient Gestalt Characteristics On Performance Ratings, Jochen Reb, Russell Cropanzano Mar 2007

Evaluating Dynamic Performance: The Influence Of Salient Gestalt Characteristics On Performance Ratings, Jochen Reb, Russell Cropanzano

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

It is well recognized that performance changes over time. However, the effect of these changes on overall assessments of performance is largely unknown. In a laboratory experiment, we examined the influence of salient Gestalt characteristics of a dynamic performance profile on supervisory ratings. We manipulated performance trend (flat, linear-improving, linear-deteriorating, U-shaped, and ∩-shaped), performance variation (small, large), and performance mean (negative, zero, positive) within subjects and display format (graphic, tabular) between subjects. Participants received and evaluated information about the weekly performance of different employees over a simulated 26-week period. Results showed strong main effects on performance ratings of both performance …

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Public Disclosure And Private Decisions: The Case Of Equity Market Execution Quality, Ekkehart Boehmer, Robert Jennings, Li Wei Mar 2007

Public Disclosure And Private Decisions: The Case Of Equity Market Execution Quality, Ekkehart Boehmer, Robert Jennings, Li Wei

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In 2001, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) required market centers to publish monthly execution-quality reports in an effort to spur competition for order flow between markets. Using samples of stocks trading on several markets, we investigate whether past execution quality affects order-routing decisions and whether the new disclosure requirements influence this relationship. We find that routing decisions are associated with execution quality; markets reporting low execution costs and fast fills subsequently receive more orders. Moreover, the reports themselves appear to provide information that was unavailable previously. Our results are consistent with active competition for order flow that can be …

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Wealth Transfer Effects Of Analysts’ Misleading Behavior, Gus De Franco, Hai Lu, Florin P. Vasvari Mar 2007

Wealth Transfer Effects Of Analysts’ Misleading Behavior, Gus De Franco, Hai Lu, Florin P. Vasvari

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We investigate a sample of 50 firm events, identified in the Global Research Analysts Settlement, in which analysts were discovered to have acted misleadingly ex-post. In this setting, analysts' incentives caused them to issue public disclosures that differed from their private beliefs. We document that these firms' institutional holdings decline significantly during the period in which the analysts issued misleading disclosures. During this period daily small-size trades (a proxy for individual investors) are dominated by buy orders while daily large-size trades (a proxy for institutional investors) are dominated by sell orders. Short interest increases during the event period, consistent with …

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Comprehensive Income, Future Earnings, And Market Mispricing, Jong-Hag Choi, Somnath Das, Yoonseok Zang Mar 2007

Comprehensive Income, Future Earnings, And Market Mispricing, Jong-Hag Choi, Somnath Das, Yoonseok Zang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

No abstract provided.

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Experiences With Tracking The Effects Of Changing Requirements On Morphbank: A Web-Based Bioinformatics Application, Subhajit Datta, Robert Van Engelen, David Gaitros, Neelima Jammigumpula Mar 2007

Experiences With Tracking The Effects Of Changing Requirements On Morphbank: A Web-Based Bioinformatics Application, Subhajit Datta, Robert Van Engelen, David Gaitros, Neelima Jammigumpula

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we present a case study of applying the metrics Mutation Index, Component Set, Dependency Index on Morphbank- a web based bioinformatics application - to track the effects of changing requirements on a software system and suggest design modifications to mitigate such impact. Morphbank is "an open web repository of biological images documenting specimen-based research in comparative anatomy, morphological phylogenetics, taxonomy and related fields focused on increasing our knowledge about biodiversity". This paper discusses the context of the case study, analyzes the results, highlights observations and learning, and mentions directions of future work.

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Efficient Algorithms For Machine Scheduling Problems With Earliness And Tardiness Penalties, Guang Feng, Hoong Chuin Lau Mar 2007

Efficient Algorithms For Machine Scheduling Problems With Earliness And Tardiness Penalties, Guang Feng, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we study the multi-machine scheduling problem with earliness and tardiness penalties and sequence dependent setup times. This problem can be decomposed into two subproblems—sequencing and timetabling. Sequencing focuses on assigning each job to a fixed machine and determine the job sequence on each machine. We call such assignment a semi-schedule. Timetabling focuses on finding an executable schedule from the semi-schedule via idle-time insertion. Sequencing is strongly NP-hard in general. Although timetabling is polynomial-time solvable, it can become a computational bottleneck if the procedure is executed many times within a larger framework. This paper makes two contributions. We …

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Malicious Kgc Attacks In Certificateless Cryptography, Man Ho Au, Jing Chen, Joseph K. Liu, Yi Mu, Duncan S. Wong, Guomin Yang, Guomin Yang Mar 2007

Malicious Kgc Attacks In Certificateless Cryptography, Man Ho Au, Jing Chen, Joseph K. Liu, Yi Mu, Duncan S. Wong, Guomin Yang, Guomin Yang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Identity-based cryptosystems have an inherent key escrow issue, that is, the Key Generation Center (KGC) always knows user secret key. If the KGC is malicious, it can always impersonate the user. Certificateless cryptography, introduced by Al-Riyami and Paterson in 2003, is intended to solve this problem. However, in all the previously proposed certificateless schemes, it is always assumed that the malicious KGC starts launching attacks (so-called Type II attacks) only after it has generated a master public/secret key pair honestly. In this paper, we propose new security models that remove this assumption for both certificateless signature and encryption schemes. Under …

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Valuing Information Technology Infrastructures: A Growth Options Approach, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman, Salvatore T. March Mar 2007

Valuing Information Technology Infrastructures: A Growth Options Approach, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman, Salvatore T. March

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Decisions to invest in information technology (IT) infrastructure are often made based on an assessment of its immediate value to the organization. However, an important source of value comes from the fact that such technologies have the potential to be leveraged in the development of future applications. From a real options perspective, IT infrastructure investments create growth options that can be exercised if and when an organization decides to develop systems to provide new or enhanced IT capabilities. We present an analytical model based on real options that shows the process by which this potential is converted into business value, …

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Percentage-Based Hybrid Pattern Training With Neural Network Specific Cross Over, Sheng-Uei Guan, Kiruthika Ramanathan Mar 2007

Percentage-Based Hybrid Pattern Training With Neural Network Specific Cross Over, Sheng-Uei Guan, Kiruthika Ramanathan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, a new weight-setting method is proposed to improve the training time and generalization accuracy of feed-forward neural networks. This method introduces a percentage-based hybrid pattern training (PHP) scheme and aims to provide a solution to the problem dependency of other Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based Neural Network weight-setting methods. A neural network is trained using a neural network specific GA until a certain percentage of the training patterns is learned. The weights thus obtained are used as the initial weights for backpropagation (BP) training, which is then applied to complete the network training. Further improvement to the method was …

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Benchmarks For Text Analysis: A Response To Budge And Pennings, Kenneth Benoit, Michael Laver Mar 2007

Benchmarks For Text Analysis: A Response To Budge And Pennings, Kenneth Benoit, Michael Laver

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Budge and Pennings (2007) criticize the “Wordscores” method for computerized content analysis on essentially two grounds. The first is that the best test of Wordscores accuracy is whether it can “reproduce the rich time series produced by the MRG/CMP covering a 50 year period” (Budge and Pennings, 2007: 5), which Budge and Pennings claim it does not do. The second is that Wordscores time series estimates, as implemented by Budge and Pennings, yield very little variation around mean scores for the entire time series. In this brief response we make three simple points.

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Estimating Party Policy Positions: Comparing Expert Surveys And Hand-Coded Content Analysis, Kenneth Benoit, Michael Laver Mar 2007

Estimating Party Policy Positions: Comparing Expert Surveys And Hand-Coded Content Analysis, Kenneth Benoit, Michael Laver

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In this paper we compare estimates of the left-right positions of political parties derived from an expert survey recently completed by the authors with those derived by the Comparative Manifestos Project (CMP) from the content analysis of party manifestos. Having briefly described the expert survey, we first explore the substantive policy content of left and right in the expert survey estimates. We then compare the expert survey to the CMP method on methodological grounds. Third, we directly compare the expert survey results to the CMP results for the most recent time period available, revealing some agreement but also numerous inconsistencies …

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Chinese Visions Of World Order: Tianxia, Empire And The World, William A. Callahan Mar 2007

Chinese Visions Of World Order: Tianxia, Empire And The World, William A. Callahan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Lately there has been increasing interest among IR scholars in Chinese thought both as an alternative to Eurocentric IR and because the PRC as an emerging power will soon have the institutional power to promote its view of the world. Rather than look for suitable Chinese parallels to ‘international’, ‘security’ or other mainstream concepts, this paper will examine the concept of ‘Tianxia’ to understand Chinese visions of world order. Tianxia is interesting both because it was key to the governance and self-understanding of three millennia of Chinese empire, and also because discussion of Tianxia is becoming popular again in the …

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Book Review Of "The World’S Newest Profession: Management Consulting In The Twentieth Century", Timothy Adrian Robert Clark Mar 2007

Book Review Of "The World’S Newest Profession: Management Consulting In The Twentieth Century", Timothy Adrian Robert Clark

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Management consultants are a significant social and economic force. Few people, whether as citizens or members oforganizations, will have escaped the impact of their interventions. A survey revealed that 97 percent of the top 200 companies in the U.K. and U.S. have used management consultants. The spectacular growth of the industry in the last fiftyyears is evidenced by the fact that somewhere in the regionof 80 percent of firms currently operating were establishedafter 1980. The ratio of consultants to managers, as this bookdemonstrates, has grown from one to a hundred in 1965 toone to thirteen in 1995. In this clearly …

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