Digital Commons Network^™

Correctness And Response Time Distributions In The Memtrax Continuous Recognition Task: Analysis Of Strategies And A Reverse-Exponential Model, J. Wesson Ashford, James O. Clifford, Sulekha Anand, Michael F. Bergeron, Curtis B. Ashford, Peter J. Bayley

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

A critical issue in addressing medical conditions is measurement. Memory measurement is difficult, especially episodic memory, which is disrupted by many conditions. On-line computer testing can precisely measure and assess several memory functions. This study analyzed memory performances from a large group of anonymous, on-line participants using a continuous recognition task (CRT) implemented at https://memtrax.com. These analyses estimated ranges of acceptable performance and average response time (RT). For 344,165 presumed unique individuals completing the CRT a total of 602,272 times, data were stored on a server, including each correct response (HIT), Correct Rejection, and RT to the thousandth of a …

Spartan Daily, November 2, 2022, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2022

Volume 159, Issue 31

Spartan Daily, November 1, 2022, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2022

Volume 159, Issue 30

A New Quantitative Gait Analysis Method Based On Oscillatory Mechanical Energies Measured Near Body Center Of Mass, Derek Cheung, Jeff Cheung, Vicky Cheung, Li Jin

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Human locomotion involves the modulation of whole-body mechanical energy, which can be approximated by the motion dynamics at the body’s center of mass (BCOM). This study introduces a new method to measure gait efficiency based on BCOM oscillatory kinetic energy patterns using a single inertia measurement unit (IMU). Forty-seven participants completed an overground walk test at a self-selected speed. The average oscillatory energy (OE) at BCOM during walking was derived from measured acceleration data. The total OE showed a positive correlation with forward-walking velocity. The ratio of total OE to constant forward kinetic energy for healthy adults varied from ~1–5%, …

Impact And Challenges Of Open Learning On Library And Information Science Community With Special Reference To Moocs, Fazia Azhar, Babita Jaiswal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

With the occurrence of the internet and new technologies, particularly the role of the World Wide Web (WWW) and along with many added forms of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the process of learning kept on altering their structure, modes, and shapes dynamically. This has ensued with the emergence of online learning. There are numerous online learning platforms such as online courses, online education systems, various modes of distance e-learning, and so on accessible to the users. Nowadays, in the arena of online learning environment, a new concept of MOOC has been penetrated as a prevalent medium of learning. The …

Clustering Mixed-Type Data Using A Probabilistic Distance Algorithm[Formula Presented], Cristina Tortora, Francesco Palumbo

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Cluster analysis is a broadly used unsupervised data analysis technique for finding groups of homogeneous units in a data set. Probabilistic distance clustering adjusted for cluster size (PDQ), discussed in this contribution, falls within the broad category of clustering methods initially developed to deal with continuous data; it has the advantage of fuzzy membership and robustness. However, a common issue in clustering deals with treating mixed-type data: continuous and categorical, which are among the most common types of data. This paper extends PDQ for mixed-type data using different dissimilarities for different kinds of variables. At first, the PDQ for mixed-type …

Still At Odds With Conventional Galaxy Evolution: The Star Formation History Of Ultradiffuse Galaxy Dragonfly 44, Kristi A. Webb, Alexa Villaume, Seppo Laine, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Michael Balogh, Pieter Van Dokkum, Duncan A. Forbes, Jean Brodie, Christopher Martin, Matt Matuszewski

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We study the star formation history (SFH) of the ultradiffuse galaxy (UDG) Dragonfly 44 (DF44) based on the simultaneous fit to near-ultraviolet to near-infrared photometry and high signal-to-noise optical spectroscopy. In fitting the observations, we adopt an advanced physical model with a flexible SFH and discuss the results in the context of the degeneracies between stellar population parameters. Through reconstructing the mass-assembly history with a prior for extended star formation (SF) (akin to methods in the literature), we find that DF44 formed 90 per cent of its stellar mass by z ∼0.9 (∼7.2 Gyr ago). In comparison, using a prior …

Exploring Concurrent Relationships Between Economic Factors And Student Mobility In Expanding Higher Education Achieving 2030, Yu Hsin Lo, Dian Fu Chang, Angel Chang

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Student mobility is one of the most important indicators to reflect institutional internationalization in a sustainable higher education system. Student mobility issues have been addressed in previous studies, and the phenomenon was discussed in association with related factors persistently. Since higher education sustainable development has received much scholarly attention, monitoring student mobility flows to adjust international strategies is necessary. This study explored practical approaches to detect student mobility flows in the process of higher education expansion. Targeting Taiwan’s higher education system as an example, we addressed the topic of system expansion and the core issues of student mobility. Target series …

Study Of Vertical Ga2O3 Finfet Short Circuit Ruggedness Using Robust Tcad Simulation, Albert Lu, Adam Elwailly, Yuhao Zhang, Hiu Yung Wong

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In this paper, the short circuit ruggedness of Gallium Oxide (Ga₂O₃) vertical FinFET is studied using Technology Computer-Aided-Design (TCAD) simulations. Ga₂O₃ is an emerging ultra-wide bandgap material and Ga₂O₃ vertical FinFET can achieve the normally-off operation for high voltage applications. Ga₂O₃ has a relatively low thermal conductivity and, thus, it is critical to explore the design space of Ga₂O₃ vertical FinFETs to achieve an acceptable short-circuit capability for power applications. In this study, appropriate TCAD models and parameters calibrated to experimental data are used. …

Separable Mechanisms Drive Local And Global Polarity Establishment In The Caenorhabditis Elegans Intestinal Epithelium, Melissa A. Pickett, Maria D. Sallee, Lauren Cote, Victor F. Naturale, Deniz Akpinaroglu, Joo Lee, Kang Shen, Jessica L. Feldman

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Apico-basolateral polarization is essential for epithelial cells to function as selective barriers and transporters, and to provide mechanical resilience to organs. Epithelial polarity is established locally, within individual cells to establish distinct apical, junctional and basolateral domains, and globally, within a tissue where cells coordinately orient their apico-basolateral axes. Using live imaging of endogenously tagged proteins and tissue-specific protein depletion in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic intestine, we found that local and global polarity establishment are temporally and genetically separable. Local polarity is initiated prior to global polarity and is robust to perturbation. PAR-3 is required for global polarization across the …

Robust Cryogenic Ab-Initio Quantum Transport Simulation For LG = 10 Nm Nanowire, Tom Jiao, Hiu Yung Wong

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In this paper, we propose a simulation methodology for robust and accurate ab-initio quantum transport simulation down to 3 K of an n-type Si nanowire. This is important to understand the subthreshold swing (SS) at cryogenic temperature. We show that for LG = 10 nm, the SS is fully dominated by direct tunneling at cryogenic temperature, which is the first time to be demonstrated using ab-initio simulation, to the best of our knowledge. We propose a method to achieve more than 2x speed up in the simulation time and achieve convergence at high gate biases. It is also shown …

Monochromatic Globular Clusters As A Critical Test Of Formation Models For The Dark Matter-Deficient Galaxies Ngc 1052-Df2 And Ngc 1052-Df4, Pieter Van Dokkum, Zili Shen, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Roberto Abraham, Charlie Conroy, Shany Danieli, Dhruba Dutta Chowdhury, Michael A. Keim, J. M.Diederik Kruijssen, Joel Leja, Sebastian Trujillo-Gomez

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

It was recently proposed that the dark matter-deficient ultradiffuse galaxies DF2 and DF4 in the NGC 1052 group could be the products of a “bullet dwarf” collision between two gas-rich progenitor galaxies. In this model, DF2 and DF4 formed at the same time in the immediate aftermath of the collision, and a strong prediction is that their globular clusters should have nearly identical stellar populations. Here we test this prediction by measuring accurate V 606 − I 814 colors from deep HST/ACS imaging. We find that the clusters are extremely homogeneous. The mean color difference between the globular clusters in …

“Everything…Fell Apart Once Covid-19 Hit”—Leveraging The Covid-19 Response To Strengthen Public Health Activities Toward Ending The Hiv Epidemic: A Qualitative Study, Samantha A. Devlin, Moctezuma Garcia, Kayo Fujimoto, Camden Hallmark, Marlene Mcneese, John Schneider, Moira C. Mcnulty

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

COVID-19 caused widespread disruption of activities for Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE). In this study we assessed public health perspectives on leveraging the COVID-19 response to advance the goals of EHE. We conducted a qualitative study with 33 public health partners in the Midwestern and Southern United States from October 2020 to February 2022. Participants were asked how the strategies developed for COVID-19 could be applied to the HIV epidemic. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and examined using rapid qualitative analysis. Four themes emerged: (1) Rebuilding teams and adapting culture for success in EHE activities; (2) Recognizing and modernizing the role …

A Decade Of Job Prospects In The Librarianship Profession, Akwasi Duffour Frimpong, Anthony Obeng Mr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSRACT

From 2010 to 2020, the study examined job advertisements for library practitioners in Ghana. The study results reveal no substantial changes over a ten-year period. Notwithstanding, job opportunities have gradually increased. In both 2010 and 2020, Assistant Librarians had more job openings than Librarians which is the topmost position in the library profession. Higher degrees of Ph.D. and MPhil are mostly the requisite for any positions, but most jobs require a Master of Arts in Information Studies or Information Science or Bachelor of Arts in Information Science. Despite the fact that technology is permeating job openings in libraries, employers …

Users’ Perception Of Plagiarism: A Study Of Researchers At Mahe, Meghna Borpuzari, Rekha Pai

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Plagiarism is morally and legally wrong, but its occurrence in the academic scene is widespread and sometimes unbridled. Authors have a right to have their works legally protected and at the same time expect that their peers would respect that enough to not steal their hard work. This study aims to analyse the knowledge that research scholars have about academic ethics and academic misconduct. There is an attempt to understand their perception of plagiarism, as a terminology, including understanding why research students plagiarize. There is also an attempt to understand the awareness of anti-plagiarism tools, citation and reference methods and …

Exploring Library Leadership Technology Decision-Making And Support Through The Use Case Of The Institutional Repository, Todd Digby

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Academic and research libraries are dependent on a wide range of technology and systems to manage access and storage of digital research materials and collections. Given the high level of costs and staff needed to support these systems, the factors that influence library leadership in their decision-making process to support or adopt new technologies is important.

To understand the dynamics involved with this decision-making process, this study specifically examined influencing factors that academic library leaders use in their decisions to support or adopt institutional repository (IR) systems. A mixed method research study using a quantitative research survey instrument, adapted from …

Does Transit Service Reliability Influence Ridership?, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha, Raunak Mishra, Sravya L. Jayanthi

Mineta Transportation Institute

This research focused on analyzing the association between transit service reliability indicators and ridership. Further, the effect of road network, demographic, socioeconomic, and land use characteristics on transit service reliability was analyzed. The analysis was conducted at a bus stop level. Bus arrival/departure and ridership data from the Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) was obtained. The road network, demographic, socioeconomic, and land use characteristics were captured within 0.25-mile and 0.50-mile buffers. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to understand the association between road network, demographic, socioeconomic, and land use characteristics and bus transit service reliability measures. The results show that bus …

Effect Of Weather Events On Travel Time Reliability And Crash Occurrence, Sonu Mathew, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha

Mineta Transportation Institute

The magnitude of the effect of adverse weather conditions on road operational performance varies with the type of weather condition and the road characteristics of the road links and adjacent links. Therefore, the relationship between weather and traffic is always a concern to traffic engineers and planners, and they have extensively explored ways to integrate weather information into transportation systems. Understanding the influence of weather on operational performance and safety helps traffic engineers and planners to proactively plan and manage transportation systems. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of adverse weather conditions on travel time …

Exploring The Use Of Public Transportation Among Older Adults During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A National Survey, Keertana Sureshbabu, Egbe-Etu Etu, Susan Summerville, Ankur Parmar, Gaojian Huang

Mineta Transportation Institute

Public transportation is an essential part of many older adults’ lives, but the pandemic presented new challenges for the vulnerable population. Adults aged 65 years and older experienced additional challenges, such as limited mobility options (e.g., lack of buses or trains in service due a combination of government lockdowns, fear of contracting or spreading the virus, and driver shortages in certain areas) because of the pandemic, which may have resulted in more age-related declines in perceptual, cognitive, and physical functioning. This study explores how older adults living in major metropolitan cities in the United States used and perceived public transportation …

Ai-Based Pedestrian Detection And Avoidance At Night Using An Ir Camera, Radar, And A Video Camera, Hovannes Kulhandjian

Mineta Transportation Institute

In 2019, the United States experienced more than 6,500 pedestrian fatalities involving motor vehicles which resulted in a 67% rise in nighttime pedestrian fatalities and only a 10% rise in daytime pedestrian fatalities. In an effort to reduce fatalities, this research developed a pedestrian detection and alert system through the application of a visual camera, infrared camera, and radar sensors combined with machine learning. The research team designed the system concept to achieve a high level of accuracy in pedestrian detection and avoidance during both the day and at night to avoid potentially fatal accidents involving pedestrians crossing a street. …

Spatio-Temporal Analysis Of Roadside Transportation-Related Air Quality (Startraq 2021): A Characterization Of Bike Trails And Highways In The Fresno/Clovis Area, Jaymin Kwon, Yushin Ahn, Steve Chung

Mineta Transportation Institute

The San Joaquin Valley is identified as an area with a high level of particulate matter (PM) in the air, reaching above the federal and state clean air standards (EPA 2019). Many of the cities in the valley are classified as the most polluted cities in the United States for both particulate matter and ozone pollution (American Lung Association, 2021). To resolve this issue, alternative forms of transportation have been considered in transportation planning. In this study, active transportation mode air quality was monitored on selected Woodward Park and Old Clovis trails and urban bike lanes. Real-time aerosol monitors, and …

First-Principles Prediction Of New 2d P-Sipn: A Wide Bandgap Semiconductor, Shambhu Bhandari Sharma, Issam Qattan, Santosh Kc, Sufian Abedrabbo

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Pentagonal two-dimensional ternary sheets are an emerging class of materials because of their novel characteristic and wide range of applications. In this work, we use first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to identify a new pentagonal SiPN, p-SiPN, which is geometrically, thermodynamically, dynamically, and mechanically stable, and has promising experimental potential. The new p-SiPN shows an indirect bandgap semiconducting behavior that is highly tunable with applied equ-biaxial strain. It is mechanically isotropic, along the x-y in-plane direction, and is a soft material possessing high elasticity and ultimate strain. In addition, its exceptional anisotropic optical response with strong UV light absorbance, …

The Globular Clusters And Star Formation History Of The Isolated, Quiescent Ultra-Diffuse Galaxy Dgsat I, Steven R. Janssens, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Roberto Abraham, Jean P. Brodie, Warrick J. Couch, Duncan A. Forbes, Seppo Laine, David Martínez-Delgado, Pieter G. Van Dokkum

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We investigate the isolated, quiescent ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) DGSAT I and its globular cluster (GC) system using two orbits of Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging in the F606W and F814W filters. This is the first study of GCs around a UDG in a low-density environment. DGSAT I was previously found to host an irregular blue low surface brightness clump, which we confirm as very likely belonging to the galaxy rather than being a chance projection, and represents a recent episode of star formation (∼500 Myr) that challenges some UDG formation scenarios. We select GC candidates based on …

Understanding The Role Of Transportation In Human Trafficking In California, Kezban Yagci Sokat

Mineta Transportation Institute

Human trafficking, a form of modern slavery, is the recruitment, transport, and/or transfer of persons using force, fraud, or coercion to exploit them for acts of labor or sex. According to the International Labor Organization, human trafficking is the fastest growing organized crime with approximately $150 billion in annual profits and 40.3 million individuals trapped in slave-like conditions. While it is not compulsory to involve transportation for human trafficking, the transportation industry plays a critical role in combating human trafficking as traffickers often rely on the transportation system to recruit, move, or transfer victims. This multi-method study investigates the role …

Fragmented Or Aligned Climate Action: Assessing Linkages Between Regional And Local Planning Efforts To Meet Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Targets, Serena E. Alexander, Ahoura Zandiatashbar, Branka Tatarevic

Mineta Transportation Institute

Amid the rising climate change concerns, California enacted Senate Bill 375 (SB 375) to tackle transportation greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. SB 375 requires Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) to develop a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS), a regional transportation and land use vision plan, to reduce GHG emissions. Meanwhile, a local government can develop a Climate Action Plan (CAP), a non-binding, voluntary plan to reduce GHG emissions that may align with the regional SCS. Recent progress reports indicate California is not making sufficient progress to meet SB 375 emissions reduction targets, which raises important questions: (1) Are the transportation and land use …

Leadership And Innovative Behaviour In The Twenty First Century Academic Library, Ugwunwa Esse

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper considered leadership and innovation behaviours in the academic libraries of the 21^st century. Based on an extensive review of literature it explored concepts in leadership behavior that can engender innovation in academic libraries. It was discovered that change is inevitable in environment due to the emergence of a pervasive application of information technology and communication to its operations. Thus, the 21^st century library needs to integrate emerging technologies to its routine activities as well as expand the frontier of its services to gain competitive advantage over other information retrieval systems in order to ensure continuous relevance …

A Proposed E-Readiness Assessment Model For University Libraries In Nigeria, Muhammad Kabir Abubakar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Information and communication technology (ICT) deployment has been prompted by the desire to increase effective services and have a favorable impact on organizational development. The development in the creation of e-readiness frameworks in many organizations, including libraries, is as a result of this demand. While the e-readiness study is widely used in libraries developed nations, it has not yet expanded into many libraries in underdeveloped nations. This study’s objective is to close this knowledge gap by outlining a model for e-readiness in Nigeria, with a focus on university libraries. The study has an e-readiness framework with eight (8) variables that …

Webometrics Analysis Of Websites Of Private Engineering College Of North India: A Study Through Google Search Engine, Rima Hazarika

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study examines and explores the websites of 20 private engineering colleges in North India through a webometric analysis. The data have collected through the Google search engine. Webometrics is a tool for measuring the impact of the web. This study investigates the domain systems of the websites, analysis the number of web pages and link pages, and calculates the internal and external links. The result found that the Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS), Pilani with 65 (7.20%), ranks first with the highest Domain Authority, and Amity University Noida leads with the highest Page Authority of 84 (7.22%). …

Steady Long-Term Slip Rate On The Blue Cut Fault: Implications For Strain Transfer Between The San Andreas Fault And Eastern California Shear Zone, K. A. Guns, R. Bennett, K. Blisniuk, A. Walker, A. Hidy, A. Heimsath

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The Eastern Transverse Ranges (ETR) province of California contains a system of E-W-trending left-lateral faults accommodating clockwise block rotation between the San Andreas Fault (SAF) system in the Coachella Valley and the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) in the Mojave Desert. Building upon established geometric relationships, we estimate that this rotation across the ETR may transfer right-lateral strain from the SAF to the ECSZ at a time-averaged rate of ∼4.3–7.7 mm/yr. Through geomorphic mapping and the analysis of 38 10Be surface exposure samples, we derive a long-term slip rate of 1.26 ± 0.50 (2σ) mm/yr over the late Pleistocene, yet …

Critical Translingual Perspectives On California Multilingual Education Policy, Eduardo R. Muñoz-Muñoz, Luis E. Poza, Allison Briceño

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Policies restricting bilingual education have yielded to policy frameworks touting its benefits. This shift corresponds with evolving lines of debate, focusing now on how bilingual education can best support racialized bilingual learners. One element of this new debate is the perspective on language underlying curriculum in bilingual programs, with a focus on translanguaging– normalization of the language practices of bilingual communities and positing that bilinguals draw from a singular linguistic repertoire. This article examines initiatives undertaken in California between 2010 and 2019 using Critical Policy Analysis. The work highlights that while opportunities for translanguaging have arisen, tensions between heteroglossic perspectives …