Digital Commons Network^™

Placing The Cart Before The Horse: E-Records Policy Experiences And Lessons From Zimbabwe’S Provincial Government, Samson Mutsagondo, Petronella Katekwe

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

There is remarkable growth in use of electronic records in Zimbabwe. The professional management of such records is brought under spotlight as government ministries in the Midlands province of Zimbabwe manage electronic records without electronic records policies in place. The absence of electronic records policies implies lack of guidance regarding what should be done, how, when, why and by whom. The implementation of electronic records programmes in provincial government ministries before formulating and mobilising policies that guide such programmes is akin to placing the cart before the horse. Developing countries which face similar scenarios may take a leaf from the …

Spartan Daily, December 1, 2022, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2022

Volume 159, Issue 42

Secure Human Action Recognition By Encrypted Neural Network Inference, Miran Kim, Xiaoqian Jiang, Kristin Lauter, Elkhan Ismayilzada, Shayan Shams

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Advanced computer vision technology can provide near real-time home monitoring to support “aging in place” by detecting falls and symptoms related to seizures and stroke. Affordable webcams, together with cloud computing services (to run machine learning algorithms), can potentially bring significant social benefits. However, it has not been deployed in practice because of privacy concerns. In this paper, we propose a strategy that uses homomorphic encryption to resolve this dilemma, which guarantees information confidentiality while retaining action detection. Our protocol for secure inference can distinguish falls from activities of daily living with 86.21% sensitivity and 99.14% specificity, with an average …

Psychometric Evaluation Of The Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (Mddi) Among Gender-Expansive People, Emilio J. Compte, Chloe J. Cattle, Jason M. Lavender, Tiffany A. Brown, Stuart B. Murray, Matthew R. Capriotti, Annesa Flentje, Micah E. Lubensky, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Mitchell R. Lunn, Jason M. Nagata

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Purpose: Muscle dysmorphia is generally classified as a specific form of body dysmorphic disorder characterized by a pathological drive for muscularity and the preoccupation that one is too small or not sufficiently muscular. The majority of research on the condition has been conducted in cisgender men with a paucity of literature on gender minority people, a population that is at risk for muscle dysmorphia. One of the most widely used measures of muscle dysmorphia symptoms, the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI), has not been psychometrically validated for use in gender minority samples, the aim of the present study. Methods: We …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Health Risk Behaviors In Northern California: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Adriana Telias, Marcelle M. Dougan, Giselle A.P. Pignotti

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The COVID-19 pandemic has been disruptive, unevenly impacting health behaviors in different geographical regions and population groups. We examined how COVID-19 affected perceived changes in physical activity, sleep, and diet and the impact of socio-demographic variables on a calculated health risk behavior score. In this cross-sectional study, 505 residents of northern California completed a web-based survey from August to November of 2020. Chi-square and multivariable linear regression analyses examined the association between socio-demographic variables and the health risk behavior score. Approximately 84 % of respondents experienced at least one unfavorable behavior change after the pandemic, with 49.5 % indicating a …

Promoting Permanency In Families With Parental Substance Misuse: Lessons From A Process Evaluation Of A Multi-System Program, Karla Shockley Mccarthy, Jennifer Price Wolf, Elinam Dellor

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Families affected by substance misuse are at increased risk for child maltreatment and child welfare system involvement. The Enhancing Permanency in Children and Families (EPIC) program uses four evidence-based and informed multi-system practices to promote safety and permanency outcomes for children involved with the child welfare system due to parental substance misuse: 1) Peer Recovery Support (PRS), 2) Family Treatment Drug Court (FTDC), 3) Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) and 4) Nurturing Parent Program (NPP) relational skill-building. The purpose of the current study was to identify barriers, facilitators, and lessons learned in the implementation of and client engagement …

Traffic Restrictions During The 2008 Olympic Games Reduced Urban Heat Intensity And Extent In Beijing, Bo Yang, Hongxing Liu, Emily L. Kang, Timothy L. Hawthorne, Susanna T.Y. Tong, Song Shu, Min Xu

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Satellite thermal remote sensing has been utilized to examine the urban heat dynamics in relation to the urban traffic restriction policy. During the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, the traffic volume was approximately cut off by half through the road space rationing. Based on daily MODIS satellite thermal observations on the surface temperature, statistical models were developed to analyze the contribution of traffic volume reduction to the urban heat intensity and spatial extent. Our analyses show that cutting off half of the traffic volume has led to a marked decrease in the mean surface temperature by 1.5–2.4 °C and shrinkage …

Healthcare Mistreatment, State-Level Policy Protections, And Healthcare Avoidance Among Gender Minority People, Kristen D. Clark, Sean Luong, Mitchell R. Lunn, Elena Flowers, Esmaeil Bahalkeh, Micah E. Lubensky, Matthew R. Capriotti, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Annesa Flentje

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction: This study examined whether past experiences of mistreatment in healthcare were associated with greater healthcare avoidance due to anticipated mistreatment among gender minority (GM) people. We evaluated whether state-level healthcare policy protections moderated this relationship. Methods: Data from the 2018 Annual Questionnaire of The PRIDE Study, a national longitudinal study on sexual and gender minority people’s health, were used in these analyses. Logistic regression modeling tested relationships between lifetime healthcare mistreatment due to gender identity or expression and past-year healthcare avoidance due to anticipated mistreatment among GM participants. Interactions between lifetime healthcare mistreatment and state-level healthcare policy protections and …

Leaving More Than Footprints: Anthropogenic Nutrient Subsidies To A Protected Area, A. S. Guerra, A. Bui, M. Klope, D. A. Orr, S. A. Shaffer, H. S. Young

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Mobile animals that traverse ecosystem boundaries can fundamentally reshape environments by providing critical nutrient and energy inputs to the ecosystems they inhabit. In particular, aggregations of seabirds often transform coastal and island ecosystems through large amounts of nutrient-rich guano deposition. Anthropogenically driven losses of these subsidies can occur through changes in abundance of mobile species, including seabirds, and have been shown to drive whole-scale ecosystem state change on islands. However, even though many species that forage on anthropogenic food sources are highly mobile and may thus play important roles in moving nutrients from urban systems to otherwise conserved ecosystems, the …

Supporting Inclusive Learning Using Chatbots? A Chatbot-Led Interview Study, Sambhav Gupta, Yu Chen

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Supporting student academic success has been one of the major goals for higher education. However, low teacher-to-student ratio makes it difficult for students to receive sufficient and personalized support that they might want to. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and conversational agents, such as chatbots, has provided opportunities for assisting learning for different types of students. This research aims at investigating the opportunities and requirements of chatbots as an intelligent helper to facilitate equity in learning. We developed a chatbot as an experimental platform to investigate the design opportunities of using chatbots to support inclusive learning. Through a chatbot-led …

A Multitask Deep Learning Approach For Pulmonary Embolism Detection And Identification, Xiaotian Ma, Emma C. Ferguson, Xiaoqian Jiang, Sean I. Savitz, Shayan Shams

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blood clot traveling to the lungs and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Therefore, rapid diagnoses and treatments are essential. Chest computed tomographic pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) is the gold standard for PE diagnoses. Deep learning can enhance the radiologists’workflow by identifying PE using CTPA, which helps to prioritize important cases and hasten the diagnoses for at-risk patients. In this study, we propose a two-phase multitask learning method that can recognize the presence of PE and its properties such as the position, whether acute or chronic, and the corresponding right-to-left ventricle diameter (RV/LV) ratio, thereby …

Meeting The 24-H Movement Guidelines And Health-Related Outcomes Among Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Seven-Country Observational Study, Chunxiao Li, Justin A. Haegele, Fenghua Sun, Maria Luiza Tanure Alves, Stefanie Hwee Chee Ang, Jihyun Lee, Kwok Ng, Isabella Dos Santos Alves, Sean Healy, Wendy Yajun Huang, Pauli Rintala, Jernice Sing Yee Tan, Yandan Wu, Hannah Yang, Eija Kärnä, Hyokju Maeng, André Lisandro Schliemann, Ding Ding

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Meeting daily guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration is associated with a host of health indicators for youth. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated the associations between adherence to the movement guidelines and health-related outcomes among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Parents of youth with ASD (10–17 years) from seven countries and regions were invited to provide online proxy-reports for child’s movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep and screen time), and health-related outcomes (i.e., body mass index [BMI], general health, and quality of life). A series of multiple linear regression analyses were used …

Deep Immunophenotyping Reveals Endometriosis Is Marked By Dysregulation Of The Mononuclear Phagocytic System In Endometrium And Peripheral Blood, Júlia Vallvé-Juanico, Ashley F. George, Sushmita Sen, Reuben Thomas, Min Gyoung Shin, Divyashree Kushnoor, Joshua J. Vásquez, Kim Chi Vo, Juan C. Irwin, Nadia R. Roan, Alexis J. Combes, Linda C. Giudice

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent disorder where inflammation contributes to disease-associated symptoms of pelvic pain and infertility. Immune dysfunction includes insufficient immune lesion clearance, a pro-inflammatory endometrial environment, and systemic inflammation. Comprehensive understanding of endometriosis immune pathophysiology in different hormonal milieu and disease severity has been hampered by limited direct characterization of immune populations in endometrium, blood, and lesions. Simultaneous deep phenotyping at single-cell resolution of complex tissues has transformed our understanding of the immune system and its role in many diseases. Herein, we report mass cytometry and high dimensional analyses to study immune cell phenotypes, abundance, activation states, …

The Flavor Profiles Of Highland Barley Fermented With Different Mushroom Mycelium, Kai Wang, Cuicui Yang, Ziyan Dai, Zhenxiang Wen, Yin Liu, Xi Feng, Ying Liu, Wen Huang

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Highland barley was fermented with Cordyceps militaris, Stropharia rugoso-annulata, Morchella esculenta, Schizophyllum commune and Tremella sanguinea. The flavor profiles were investigated by electronic nose (E-nose), headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and sensory evaluation by train panel. Fermentation with mushroom mycelium was able to change the aroma profile of highland barley. The original strong grassy taste was reduced due to a decrease in hexanal, decanal and 2-pentylfuran, and new aromatic flavors (floral, sweet and mushroom fragrance) were acquired after fermentation. The overall flavor of the fermented highland barley varied with mushroom strains. Schizophyllum commune gave a heavier sour taste …

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (Snap)-Authorized Retailers Received A Low Score Using The Business Impact Assessment For Obesity And Population-Level Nutrition (Bia-Obesity) Tool, Bailey Houghtaling, Tessa Englund, Susan Chen, Nila Pradhananga, Vivica I. Kraak, Elena Serrano, Samantha M. Harden, George C. Davis, Sarah Misyak

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) supports Americans with lower income to purchase dietary products at authorized retailers. This research aimed to evaluate SNAP-authorized retailers’ public commitments in support of nutrition security and to examine differences between traditional grocers and nontraditional (e.g., convenience, drug, dollar) SNAP-authorized retailers’ public commitments. Methods: Prominent United States (U.S.) SNAP-authorized retailers nationally and in two U.S. states (California and Virginia) were identified based on number of store locations (n = 61). Public information available in grey literature were reviewed and scored using the Business Impact Assessment for Obesity and population-level nutrition (BIA-Obesity) tool. SNAP-authorized …

Development And Evaluation Of A Novel Dietary Bisphenol A (Bpa) Exposure Risk Tool, Jennifer C. Hartle, Roy S. Zawadzki, Joseph Rigdon, Juleen Lam, Christopher D. Gardner

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) is primarily from the diet through canned foods. Characterizing dietary exposures can be conducted through biomonitoring and dietary surveys; however, these methods can be time-consuming and challenging to implement. Methods: We developed a novel dietary exposure risk questionnaire to evaluate BPA exposure and compared these results to 24-hr dietary recall data from participants (n = 404) of the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) study, a dietary clinical trial, to validate questionnaire responses. High BPA exposure foods were identified from the dietary recalls and used …

Best Practices In Disaster Public Communications: Evacuation Alerting And Social Media, Frannie Edwards, Kaikai Liu, Amanda Lee Hughes, Jerry Zeyo Gao, Dan Goodrich, Alan Barner, Robert Herrera

Mineta Transportation Institute

This research project examines the current state of the practice for disaster public communication, the distrust of government, the training available to public information officers, and the literature available to guide the design of effective public outreach messaging, especially for rapid on-set events. Growing distrust in government had led to lack of public confidence in public agency messaging during emergencies, yet public agency public information officers are using multiple pathways, including both traditional and social media resources, to try to reach impacted communities effectively. The introduction explains the development of wildfire events in the West and their context. A literature …

Qualitatively Exploring The Impact Of A Relationship-Centered Communication Skills Training Program In Improving Patient Perceptions Of Care, Marie C. Haverfield, Robert Victor, Brenda Flores, Jonathan Altamirano, Magali Fassiotto, Merisa Kline, Barbette Weimer-Elder

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Objective: To explore qualitative patient experience comments before and after a relationship-centered communication skills training to understand patient experience, program impact, and opportunities for improvement. Methods: Qualitative patient experience evaluation data was captured from January 2016 to December 2018 for 483 health care clinicians who participated in the skills training. A random sampling of available open-ended patient comments (N = 33,223) were selected pre-training (n = 668) and post-training (n = 566). Comments were coded for valence (negative/neutral/positive), generality versus specificity, and based on 12 communication behaviors reflective of training objectives. Results: No significant difference was found in the valence …

A Comprehensive Artificial Intelligence Framework For Dental Diagnosis And Charting, Tanjida Kabir, Chun Teh Lee, Luyao Chen, Xiaoqian Jiang, Shayan Shams

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to develop artificial intelligence (AI) guided framework to recognize tooth numbers in panoramic and intraoral radiographs (periapical and bitewing) without prior domain knowledge and arrange the intraoral radiographs into a full mouth series (FMS) arrangement template. This model can be integrated with different diseases diagnosis models, such as periodontitis or caries, to facilitate clinical examinations and diagnoses. Methods: The framework utilized image segmentation models to generate the masks of bone area, tooth, and cementoenamel junction (CEJ) lines from intraoral radiographs. These masks were used to detect and extract teeth bounding boxes utilizing several …

A Multi-Site, International Audit Of Malnutrition Risk And Energy And Protein Intakes In Patients Undergoing Treatment For Head Neck And Esophageal Cancer: Results From Inform, Lisa Martin, Merran Findlay, Judith D. Bauer, Rupinder Dhaliwal, Marian De Van Der Schueren, Alessandro Laviano, Adrianne Widaman, Vickie E. Baracos, Andrew G. Day, Leah M. Gramlich

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Patients with foregut tumors are at high risk of malnutrition. Nutrition care focuses on identifying individuals at risk of malnutrition and optimizing nutrient intake to promote the maintenance of body weight and lean body mass. This multi-center prospective, longitudinal study audited nutrition care practices related to screening for risk of malnutrition (Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form; PG-SGA SF), and nutrition interventions prescribed (route; adequacy of energy and protein intakes). Audits occurred at four time periods: baseline (before treatment) and at 2, 4, and 6 months after starting cancer treatment; 170 patients (esophageal (ESO; n = 51); head and neck …

Examining The Differential Protective Effects Of Women's Spirituality And Religiosity On Alcohol And Marijuana Use By Sexual Identity, Laurie A. Drabble, Amy A. Mericle, Cat Munroe, Alison Cerezo, Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe, Tonda L. Hughes, Karen F. Trocki

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The current study explored how religiosity and spirituality may differentially influence substance use by sexual identity based on a sample of adult sexual minority women (SMW; n = 437 lesbian; n = 323 bisexual) relative to a heterosexual comparison sample (n = 636). We examined three questions: (1) whether spirituality was differentially associated with alcohol and marijuana use by sexual identity; (2) whether religiosity was differentially associated with alcohol and marijuana use by sexual identity; (3) whether observed differences between spirituality or religiosity and substance use by sexual identity persisted after adjusting for religious environment. Measures included spirituality (importance of …

Spartan Daily, November 30, 2022, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2022

Volume 159, Issue 41

The Impact Of Changing Nonimmigrant Visa Policies On International Students’ Psychological Adjustment And Well-Being In The United States During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study, Chulwoo Park, Shannon Shimada

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background
Since the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, the number of international students in the United States had been gradually increasing. However, the total numbers have begun to decrease since 2019–2020 school year due to the Trump administration's policy and COVID-19. Still, little is known about how international students’ psychological adjustment and well-being have been affected by changing nonimmigrant visa policy and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
We conducted a total of 34 online semi-structured in-depth interviews with international students from 18 countries of origin studying in the San Francisco Bay Area, California. More than 60% of the participants (21 …

Current Unanswered Questions In Social Media Activism Research, Kelsey A. Thompson

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

For the last decade, researchers have conducted numerous research studies on the role various social media platforms have been used by activists to affect change. These general surveys and specific analyses address how media sites are being used in the specific roles they currently play or have played in a given movement. Immeasurable time and effort has been regularly dedicated to understand the impact these platforms have had on social change. However, social media sites continue to change and evolve over time, creating new opportunities for investigation. This transitional article is intended to propose and contextualize some of the current …

Bibliometric Study Of Desidoc Journal Of Library And Information Technology From 1981-2018, Bal Ram, Sandeepa Yadav

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The Journal of Library and Information Technology (DJLIT) is one of the most leading journals of the LIS field and it is published by DESIDOC. It has recently finished very nearly 39 years of its publication. The main objective of this study is to cover various aspects of the journal through Bibliometric analysis. This paper presents a Bibliometric analysis of DJLIT during 1981-2018. During the period of 1981-2018, total 990 full-length articles were published in a particular journal. This study cover various parameters like distribution of full-length articles on yearly basis, category wise classification of the articles, authorship pattern of …

Spartan Daily, November 29, 2022, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2022

Volume 159, Issue 40

A Study Of Using E-Resources By Research Scholars In Selected Institutions Of Southern Tamilnadu: Research Methodology, Senthur Vel Murugan Librarian

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

In this paper, the philosophical position of the scientist is investigated which will explain the purposes behind the decision approach utilized in this examination. In this way, the principal motivation behind this paper is to exhibit the examination approach and techniques utilized in this investigation to respond to the exploration questions and to accomplish the examination objective.

Design / Methodology/ Approach

Research Design is a groundbreaking strategy indicating the strategies and methodology controlling the specialist to gather their information and investigation their exploration. The most widely recognized research structures that analysts consistently use are exploratory, expressive, and easygoing. …

Usage Patterns Of Open Access Institutional Repositories In Tanzania: A Case Of Selected Public Universities, Anna Shangwe Mbughuni

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the usage patterns of OAIRs among university community members in Tanzania universities. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model used to guide this study. The study employed a cross-sectional research design. Systematic random and purposive sampling procedures were used to obtain a total of 292 respondents and eight key informants respectively. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS and qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis. The study found that 54.5% of the respondents indicated the …

Spartan Daily, November 22, 2022, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2022

Volume 159, Issue 39

Identifying An Analytical Framework To Assess The Determinants Of Ict Adoption In Libraries And Its Implications For Teaching And Learning During Insecurity, Muhammad Kabir Abubakar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The security situation in Nigeria, particularly in the country's North-West and North-Central Zones, has forced the closure of many educational institutions. Teaching and learning have become more erratic as a result of this. This issue has far-reaching repercussions for librarians and information specialists. Libraries have long been regarded and recognized by educational institutions for their contribution to high-quality teaching and learning. Several studies have found that information and communication technology (ICT) can improve teaching and learning by facilitating access to information. As a result, governments and school administrators have been working to promote the use of ICT in libraries to …