Digital Commons Network^™

Maintenance Of Bentgrass, W. H. Daniel

Historical Documents of the Purdue Cooperative Extension Service Archive

No abstract provided.

Anthracnose Of Shade Trees, Paul C. Pecknold

Historical Documents of the Purdue Cooperative Extension Service Archive

No abstract provided.

The Uniform Soybean Tests: Northern States 1977, R. J. Martin, J. R. Wilcox

Uniform Soybean Tests Northern Region

No abstract provided.

Selected Characteristics Of Some Herbicides Used In Forestry, Haravey A. Holt

Historical Documents of the Purdue Cooperative Extension Service Archive

No abstract provided.

Structural Particleboard: A New Construction Panel Product, Michael O. Hunt

Historical Documents of the Purdue Cooperative Extension Service Archive

No abstract provided.

Dairy Herd Testing Programs, Will Dillon

Historical Documents of the Purdue Cooperative Extension Service Archive

No abstract provided.

Field Investigation Of County Road Bases And Subgrades, D. G. Shurig, Jean E. Hittle, E. J. Yoder, W H. Goetz

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This bulletin focuses on the investigation, sampling, and testing of in-place wearing surface materials, in-place base materials, and in-place subgrade materials in advance of paving. This is especially important the first time the road is to be blacktopped. However, the investigation and testing methods suggested herein are equally applicable to existing blacktop pavements needing reconstruction. The test methods focus on two quick field tests that have been developed through research to measure equivalent CBR values. CBR is a measure of the load-carrying capacity of base or subgrade materials.

The methods and procedures set forth in this bulletin should go far …

Comparison Of Fast Direct Methods For Elliptic Problems, Elias N. Houstis, T. S. Papatheordorou

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Weather Displays Containing Gridding On A Minicomputer System, Andre Van Gysegem, Ronald H. Irlbeck

LARS Symposia

The United States Government has launched several meteorological satellites which are intended to provide extensive weather information to earth based receiving stations. In order for meteorologists and weathermen to utilize this information, it has become necessary for the construction of low-cost minicomputer controlled data acquisition and display systems, This paper discusses the research which went into such a system prior to its actual development. It is intended to show the feasibility of developing similar systems for other completely different applications utilizing existing "on the open market" minicomputers and peripherals.

A Practical Method For Correcting Bidirectional Reflectance Variations, Dwight D. Egbert

LARS Symposia

The purpose of the investigation described here was to analyze angular bidirectional reflectance variations and test the hypothesis that first order variations could be described from a consideration of shadows created by surface perturbations. The results reported here demonstrate the validity of this approach, and while it is not suitable for calculating absolute spectral reflectance characteristics, the development of such a model was not the objective of the investigation since other models already exist for these calculations. Instead, a model was needed which can make relative angular corrections to bidirectional reflectance measurements independent of the details of surface geometry. The …

A Technique For Real-Time Data Preprocessing, Mario R. Schaffner

LARS Symposia

A processing system is presented that implements simultaneously the efficiency of the special-purpose processor and the total applicability of the general-purpose computer - characteristics commonly though of as being mutually exclusive. The solution adopted is that of specializing the machine by programming the hardware structure, rather than by adding software systems to it. Data are organized in circulating pages which form a plurality of local dynamic memories for each process. Programs are made up of modules, each describing a transient special-purpose machine. Applications to real-time processing of radar signals are referred to.

Echo User's Guide, J. L. Kast, P. H. Swain, B. J. Davis, P. W. Spencer

LARS Technical Reports

Over the past several years, the ECHO classifiers have been developed to incorporate spatial as well as spectral information into the classifier decision criteria. This document contains a comprehensive description of the functional organization of the supervised and the nonsupervised ECHO processes, the manner in for individuals who intend to make use of the ECHO classifiers, although it is also of value to those wanting to understand of implement the ECHO algorithms.

The Use Of Negative Spectral Bands In Photointerpretation And Classification, Mario Hernandez

LARS Symposia

The negative of each spectral band of some satellite images was found with a general purpose computer, assigning to each pixel value its corresponding complement value. The new negative bands were added to the original ones and the resulting compound image was classified using an interactive processing system. For this study four Landsat images of some Mexican states were used. The resulting classifications were evaluated and found to be better than those using only the original bands. In the preclassification stage an algorithm was used to find the optimum divergence channel set and some of the negative bands were chosen …

Temporal Correlatability Of Digital Thermal Infrared Scanner Data, Edmund H. Conrow, Bennett Basore

LARS Symposia

A southeast California test area was scanned on four day and three night passes between January and June to obtain NOAA-3 satellite VHRR thermal IR digital data. The data was temperature converted, atmospheric corrected and geometrically registered to a UTM standard projection for use in day/day, day/ night and night/night comparisons. Point-by- point differencing and cross-correlation algorithms were utilized to determine the effect of diurnal, seasonal and meteorological factors on the site's thermal signature.

From the correlation coefficients determined by differencing (presumably perfectly registered) the data sets were neither highly correlated nor statistically independent of each other. A lower degree …

Effect Of The Size Of Training Samples On Classification Accuracy, R. Kumar, M. Niero, M. S. S. Barros, L. A. M. Lucht, A. P. Manso

LARS Symposia

Cloud free multispectral scanner (MSS) data of LANDSAT were analysed for studying the effect of the size of training samples on classification accuracy over the following test sites: Sao Jose dos Campos (23° 10' S, 45° 50' W) , Cachoeira Paulista (22° 40' S, 45° W) Jardinopolis (21° S, 47° 50' W).

With the help of ground observations and aerial photography, Sao Jose dos Campos and Cachoeira Paulista were divided into their respective land use classes whereas Jardinopolis was divided into its agricultural classes. LANDSAT MSS data were used to divide each of these classes into two independent data sets …

A Model For Oxygen And Biomass Production In A Mass Algal Culture, F. P. Incropera, J. F. Thomas

IWRRC Technical Reports Archive

No abstract provided.

Data Base Concepts For System Analysis, Thomas I. M. Ho

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Search - An Efficient, Automatic Training Sample Selection Algorithm, Ronnie W. Pearson

LARS Symposia

Program SEARCH is an unsupervised trainer for any maximum likelihood classifier. The need for such a program was recognized because of the cost involved in acquiring sufficient, reliable training information over very large areas. The use of existing known clustering algorithms was ruled out for two reasons: 1) insufficient speed, and 2) most importantly, the inability to derive and use the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix in data with known high correlation of successive channels.

The general approach selected to F satisfy the need and avoid the two listed i hazards is as follows: 1) divide the survey area …

A Multiband Remote Sensing Study Of Melting Shorefast Sea Ice, Richard E. Moritz, Luis A. Bartolucci

LARS Symposia

Near-shore waters along Alaska's Beaufort sea coast are covered by shorefast sea ice 9 to 10 months each year, and by April the fast ice extends 10 to 50 km seaward along the coast. Recent scientific interest in sea ice dynamics (Maykut et al., 1972) and the prospects for offshore petroleum development in the region (Clark, 1976) highlight the need for a better understanding of the behavior and characteristics of shorefast sea ice.

The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate computer-aided analysis techniques as applied to LANDSAT MSS digital data from melting shorefast sea ice, and 2) to …

The Maximum Likelihood Estimation Of Signature Transformation (Mlest) Algorithm, S. G. Thadani

LARS Symposia

The original concept of the Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE) called for the extensive use of signature extension (i.e., the ability to use statistics "learned" from a given LACIE training segment to classify data from one or more LACIE recognition segments located in the same general crop growing region). The signature extension effort was generally unsuccessful because of the existence of significant differences between the training and recognition segment wheat/nonwheat signatures. These differences are caused primarily by atmospheric factors such as differences in Sun elevation and haze levels over the training and recognition segments and by target-related factors such …

Machine Processing Of Aerial Data For Agricultural Resources Inventory And Survey Experiment, D. S. Kamat, K. K. Majumder, T. J. Majumdar, I. C. Matieda, C. V. S. Prakash, V. L. Swaminathan

LARS Symposia

The multiband aerial data for one flight line, stretching over 38 Kms covers an area of 6528 hectares, of the Agricultural Resources Inventory and Survey Experiment, Patiala has been analysed by an unsupervised automatic processing technique. The results are presented in form of tables and thematic maps. They are verified with the results obtained independently by visual photointerpretation techniques.

A Method For The Determination Of Surface Emissivities Of Multispectral Data In The 8 Μm - 13 Μm Region, W. H. Carnahan, S. N. Goward

LARS Symposia

The authors have developed a method to determine emissivities and kinetic temperatures of land cover materials through analysis of multispectral remote sensor measurements in the 8 - 13 µm spectral regions. Simultaneous measurements from two spectral regions of the 8 - 13 µm thermal infrared spectral region are ratioed to determine surface emissivities following the method proposed by Vincent and Thomson. Assuming that emissivity is constant in the 8 - 13 µm region, surface emissivities and kinetic temperatures may be computed. A zero band width approximation of the integrated gray-body radiance is evaluated to facilitate computer processing. The authors discuss …

A Remote Sensing System For A Nationwide Data-Bank, H. Dell Foster, Jacob Bos, William C. Richie

LARS Symposia

Our present-day society is rapidly changing and these changes are directly impacting the map-making industry. Present-day maps became obsolete as soon as they are completed because of population increases, agricultural trends, energy production, and general land-use changes which alter the appearance & the land.

It is clear that maps of today will, in a not too distant future, have only historical and pictorial value just like the medieval maps of the 16th and 17th centuries.

In the present-day design of resource development schemes, the essential problem for each country is the skillful management and utilization of all available assets---human and …

A Landsat Agricultural Monitoring Program, A. C. Aaronson, P. E. Buchman, T. Wescott, R. E. Fries

LARS Symposia

A Landsat Agricultural Monitoring Program (LAMP) was established to monitor Iowa's corn crop in near real-time. The Program utilized Landsat data in conjunction with collateral data sources to monitor crop development and identify/assess anomalies and crop stress. Throughout the growing season, data were screened manually and by computer for indications of crop condition. Alarms were generated by weather related events and/or by changes in the satellite imagery. These alarms were then assessed as to their nature, extent, severity and projected impact on crop production. Landsat digital data, coupled with specially gathered collateral data, were used to update this initial alarm …

A Measure Of Relative Normality For Landsat Data Multivariate Distributions, Robert M. Ray

LARS Symposia

Often within computer classification of LANDSAT multispectral scanner data into terrain classes, we assume multivariate normality for distributions of data samples within each class to bring to bear on our problem the extensive body of statistical methods applicable for analysis of normally distributed multivariate data. Thus, it would seem desirable to have some means of evaluating, at least relatively, the legitimacy of our assumption of the multivariate normal or Gaussian model.

Ship Detection From Landsat, M. J. Mcdonnell, A. J. Lewis

LARS Symposia

Recent inspection of LANDSAT CCT printouts of New Zealand's Wellington Harbour and Cook Strait revealed that the detection of ships and the identification of related ship parameters are possible. Experience has shown that MSS band 7, because of low radiance values from water and the resultant high S/N ratio, is the best MSS band for a "quick look" inspection of CCT printouts for possible ships. Following verification of the target on the other MSS bands the ship's size, orientation, state of motion, and direction of movement, can be determined from the total number of pixels occupied by the target for …

Landsat Image Analysis For Terrain Investigations, B. E. Ruth, R. L. Ferguson, H. K. Brooks

LARS Symposia

A study was conducted to evaluate terrain conditions in the vicinity of Daytona Beach, Florida to facilitate selection of suitable landfill sites. LANDSAT computer compatible tapes (CCT's) were analyzed using various techniques available on the General Electric IMAGE 100 system. Atmospheric haze correction was performed by normalizing the hazy images to a standard spectral reflectance which was obtained for the Atlantic Ocean in the winter season scenes. Histogram analyses and the Image 100 (non-parametric) cellular, or parallelipiped, classification techniques were used to develop the bias necessary for atmospheric haze correction and also to establish the water signatures.

Various preprocessing techniques …

Use Of Landsat Multispectral Imagery In Estimating Snow Areal Extent And Snow Water Content Cost-Effectively, Siamak Khorram

LARS Symposia

The objective of this investigation is to design a general rate sensing-aided information system to provide the estimates of two important inputs to water yield forecast models. These input parameters are snow areal extent, snow water content, and cost-effectiveness analysis applied to snow water content-estimation. The techniques under development in this investigation are being tested on the water source basin for the California Water Project. This area is known as the Feather River Watershed. With the cooperation of the California Department of Water Resources and the University of California at Davis.

The general approach involves a stepwise sequence of identification …

A Versatile Classifier Model For Multiobservational Analysis, Philip H. Swain

LARS Symposia

The maximum likelihood decision rule, widely applied to the analysis of multispectral remote sensing data, can be generalized to handle a broad class of problems involving multiple observations. Such problems arise, for example, when it is desired to classify a location on the ground based on multiple passes over the site (temporal context); or to incorporate data from adjacent locations in the decision process (spatial context).

The generalization is accomplished by redefining the classification objective and applying statistical decision-theoretic methods. As a simple example, if observations X1=X(t ) and X2=X(t2) are available from two satellite passes, then under appropriate assumptions …

Feature Space Transformation For Improved Interpretability Of Color Images, H. K. Ramapriyan

LARS Symposia

Several mappings of the feature space are in vogue for generating user-oriented products from remotely sensed data. A classification map with different colors assigned to each of the say, n, classes of interest may be looked upon as a result of a nonlinear transformation of the feature space into n points in the "color" space. This is a useful mapping in areas such as land use or water resources studies. However, in areas such as interpretation of geological images, the analyst is generally interested in preserving the texture of the image and analyzing the information manually. Therefore, other methods of …