Digital Commons Network^™

Random Weighting Approach In Nonlinear And Hierarchical Regression Models, Yue Zhang

Open Access Dissertations

Nonlinear regression models with random and fixed effects are commonly used to analyze repeated measures data. Such data, consisting of repeated measurements taken on several individuals, typically arise in biological and biomedical applications amongst many other applications. The standard two-stage estimation (STS) method is intuitive and simple to implement in such circumstance, but the main difficulty is that not much is available on the sampling distribution of the resulting parameters estimates. In this work, we develop re-sampled versions of the least squares estimators (LSE) of the parameters in nonlinear regression as well as hierarchical nonlinear regression models. The approach we …

Adaptive Communication For Wireless Massive Mimo Systems, Ahmed A. Ibrahim

Open Access Dissertations

The demand for high data rates in wireless communications is increasing rapidly. One way to provide reliable communication with increased rates is massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems where a large number of antennas is deployed. We analyze three systems utilizing a large number of antennas to provide enhancement in the performance of wireless communications. First, we consider a general form of spatial modulation (SM) systems where the number of transmitted data streams is allowed to vary and we refer to it as generalized spatial modulation with multiplexing (GSMM). A Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is shown to accurately model the transmitted …

Laboratory Safety Training Design And Evaluation For Aeronautical Engineering Technology Students In Part 147 Program, Xun Zhao

Open Access Dissertations

The FAA Part 147 program at Purdue University requires students in Aeronautical Engineering Technology (AET) major to take 1125 hours of laboratory works. Students are required to work in several different laboratory environments including airframe, powerplant, aircraft sheet metal processing, composite materials processing, electricity and electronics, non-destructive testing, aircraft system, maintenance practices and advanced manufacturing. Although course instructors emphasize laboratory safety, there is currently no pre-laboratory training for all students before they log any laboratory hours. Starting from 2004, occupational injuries and illness rates in the air transportation industry were shown to be much higher than the average for private …

Early Turn-Taking Prediction For Human Robot Collaboration, Tian Zhou

Open Access Dissertations

To enable natural and fluent human robot collaboration, it is critical for a robot to comprehend their human partners’ on-going actions, predict their behaviors in the near future, and plan its actions accordingly. Specifically, the capability of making early predictions can allow robots to determine the precise timing of turn-taking events and start planning and executing preparative tasks to take the turn. Such proactive behavior would save waiting time and increase efficiency and naturalness in collaborative tasks.

To that end, this dissertation presents the design and implementation of an early turn-taking prediction framework, centered around physical human robot collaboration tasks. …

Websites For Physics Demonstrations And Computer Simulations: A Non-Educational Quality Evaluation, Zheng Zhou

Open Access Dissertations

Scientific disciplines including mathematics, physics, and chemistry tend to adopt online resources, including websites and web applications, to demonstrate physical experiments and simulate scientific phenomena that are hard to observe and investigate in real world. The present study examined the existing collections of the websites and web applications created in academics for physics demonstrations and computer simulations. The present study discovered the existing collections of websites lack update and more recent resources. The present study conducted a state-of-the-art literature review to amend, update, and supplement the existing collection of the websites for physics demonstrations and computer simulations to a comprehensive …

Throughput And Efficiency Analysis Of Network-Coded Harq For Two-Way Wireless Systems, Hongyi Zhu

Open Access Dissertations

Due to the explosive increase of wireless subscribers, it becomes more crucial to efficiently use the limited spectrum resources. To improve spectral efficiency, this study explores network-coded (NCed) automatic repeat request (ARQ) in two-way wireless systems. NCed-ARQ has been proved effective in multi-cast and broadcast channels by utilizing the side-information overheard during retransmissions. However, most wireless networks are two-way where each node transmits and receives. In two-way wireless systems, more side-information can be used to enhance the throughput performance with network coding, which has not received much attention. In this study, we propose a new NCed-ARQ scheme with reverse-link assistance …

Modeling The Behavioral Landscape Ecology Of A Reintroduced Carnivore, Casey C. Day

Open Access Dissertations

The American marten (Martes Americana) is an endangered forest carnivore native to the Upper Midwestern United States and culturally significant to local Ojibwe tribes. In this region, the marten faces a number of potential threats to its persistence, including competition, predation, lack of prey availability, lack of recruitment, and lack of population connectivity. To evaluate how marten behavior affects the conservation and management of this species, I developed an individual-based model to simulate marten dispersal and home range establishment. In Chapter 2, I describe the model and the process of calibrating it to perform comparably to real-world martens. I also …

Mortar Board: A Century Of Scholars, Chosen For Leadership, United To Serve, Susan R. Komives, Virginia N. Gordon, Jane A. Hamblin

Purdue University Press Book Previews

Mortar Board National College Senior Honor Society has a unique place in the history of higher education and indeed in the history of the United States. Founded in 1918, with inaugural chapters at Cornell University, University of Michigan, The Ohio State University, and Swarthmore College, Mortar Board was the first national organization to honor senior college women. Before women had the right to vote in the United States, Mortar Board members were leading their society to prominence across the country. In a real sense, Mortar Board grew up with the US higher education system and grew in step with women’s …

The Impact Of Colostrum Versus Formula Feeding And Fat Supplementation On Vaginal Lipidome And Uterine Development In Gilts On Postnatal Day 2, Kalynn Harlow

Open Access Theses

Genetic selection for larger litters negatively affected the swine industry by reducing piglet birthweights and survival. Moreover, sow colostrum production did not increase with increased litter size. Colostrum is essential for postnatal piglet growth and development because it provides nutrition, energy and bioactive factors. Milk replacers are available to supplement piglets with limited colostrum intake. However, replacer formulas lack bioactive factors in milk, and have plant-based fats substantially different from maternally derived lipids. Suckled and milk replacer-fed gilts show different patterns of uterine gene expression, and colostrum deprivation results in impaired uterine adenogenesis. Many lipids function as bioactive factors, thus …

Hyperspectral Imaging Of Chemical Composition, Jerald C. Martin

Open Access Theses

In this work, two different types of imaging are explored, one using fluorescence and another using X-rays. Hyperspectral imaging is a method of imaging materials that typically has three dimensions of information: x, y, and λ (wavelength). These measurements are useful for broad classes of imaging applications, including astronomy, geology, and medicine. However, the current methods used for hyperspectral imaging have significant drawbacks, including 1/f noise and complexity. Therefore, new methods have been recently developed to address these issues, such as new snapshot imaging systems. These systems, however, still often have high complexity, are expensive, and have limited applicability outside …

Improving Precision For X86 Binary Analysis Techniques, Lovepreet Singh

Open Access Theses

Static binary analysis is being used extensively for detecting security flaws in binary programs. Multiple solutions have been proposed to tackle challenges presented by static binary analysis. We propose two methods to improve these solutions for better precision on x86-64 binaries. First, we propose a machine learning based approach to detect compiler and optimization level for a binary program with the aim of augmenting existing heuristic based solutions to fine tune those heuristics. We are able to detect the aforementioned information with 83% precision on coreutils, binutils and SPECCPU2006 binaries. Second, we propose an analysis to detect memory layout from …

Scaling Seed Production In East Africa, Syngenta Foundation For Sustainable Agriculture

Scale Up Conference

Poor-quality seed considerably limits potato yields in Kenya. Smallholders there find it difficult to access clean certified seed. The Syngenta Foundation helped the large Kisima Farm Company to grow high-quality seed for neighboring farmers. Such partnerships take several years to produce results. Kisima now runs a profitable potato seed business. Other farms are beginning to follow.

Conditioning Of Human Salivary Flow Using A Visual Cue For Sour Candy, Jonathan C. Kershaw, Cordelia Running

Department of Food Science Faculty Publications

Objective

Although the “mouthwatering” to sight, smell, or thought of food is commonly accepted in food and nutrition research, the concept of mouthwatering and human salivary flow conditioning is not well accepted in salivary research. The objective of this study was to revisit whether human salivary flow could be classically conditioned to a previously neutral stimulus.

Design

Sour candy or a non-food control in opaque containers were presented to healthy participants (n = 8). Simple images were consistently paired with container contents. Participants viewed the images for 15 s, then opened the containers and ate (candy) or did not eat …

Potential For Participatory Big Data Ethics And Algorithm Design: A Scoping Mapping Review, Madisson Whitman, Chien-Yi Hsiang, Kendall Roark

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Ubiquitous networked data collection and algorithm-based information systems have the potential to disparately impact lives around the planet and pose a host of emerging ethical challenges. One response has been a call for more transparency and democratic control over the design and implementation of such systems. This scoping mapping review focuses on participatory approaches to the design, governance, and future of these systems across a wide variety of contexts and domains.

Changing Seasons: A Language Arts Curriculum For Healthy Aging, Denise Calhoun

Purdue University Press Book Previews

Effective communication enhances quality of life. In Changing Seasons: A Language Arts Curriculum for Healthy Aging,Denise Calhoun provides a language-based, interdisciplinary program to help older adults improve their communication skills. Each activity reveals new, creative, and fun ways to get individuals to speak, think, write, engage with others, and use their imagination. As the activities promote meaningful interactions and the creation of a stimulating environment, Changing Seasons underscores the importance of sustaining quality of life as we and those we love age.

Borders, Territories, And Ethics: Hebrew Literature In The Shadow Of The Intifada, Adia Mendelson-Maoz

Purdue University Press Book Previews

Borders, Territories, and Ethics: Hebrew Literature in the Shadow of the Intifada by Adia Mendelson-Maoz presents a new perspective on the multifaceted relations between ideologies, space, and ethics manifested in contemporary Hebrew literature dealing with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the occupation. In this volume, Mendelson-Maoz analyzes Israeli prose written between 1987 and 2007, relating mainly to the first and second intifadas, written by well-known authors such as Yehoshua, Grossman, Matalon, Castel-Bloom, Govrin, Kravitz, and Levy. Mendelson-Maoz raises critical questions regarding militarism, humanism, the nature of the State of Israel as a democracy, national identity and its borders, soldiers as moral …

Intellectual Philanthropy: The Seduction Of The Masses, Aurélie Vialette

Purdue University Press Book Previews

Intellectual Philanthropy: The Seduction of the Masses by Aurélie Vialette examines the practice of philanthropy in modern Spain. Through detailed studies of popular music, collective readings, dramas, working-class manuals, and fiction, Vialette reveals how depictions of urban philanthropic activities can inform our understanding of interactions in the economic, cultural, religious, and educational spheres, class power dynamics, and gender roles in urban Spanish society.

Indiana’S Agriculture In A Changing Climate: A Report From The Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment, Laura C. Bowling, Melissa Widhalm, Keith A. Cherkauer, Janna Beckerman, Sylvie Brouder, Jonathan Buzan, Otto Doering, Jeffrey Dukes, Paul Ebner, Jane Frankenburger, Benjamin Gramig, Eileen J. Kladivko, Charlotte Lee, Jeffrey Volenec, Cliff Weil

Agriculture Reports

Indiana has long been one of the nation’s leaders in agricultural productivity. Favorable temperatures and precipitation help Indiana farmers generate over $31 billion worth of sales per year, making the state 11th in total agricultural products sold.

Changes to the state’s climate over the coming decades, including increasing temperatures, changes in precipitation amounts and patterns, and rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air will result in several direct and indirect impacts to the state’s agricultural industry.

This report from the Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment (IN CCIA) describes how projected changes in the state’s climate will affect the …

Misconceptions And The Notional Machine In Very Young Programming Learners, Tony A. Lowe

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

This study looks at very young learners make mistakes and possibly form misunderstanding when learning to programming. A variety of national efforts are extending programming education to younger learners who are materials many adults struggle to learn. For decades literature has captured common misconceptions in using programming constructs (e.g. conditionals, loops, and recursion) in older learners, but early learners may wait years before they tackle these complex concepts. Many model misconceptions as a missing or inaccurate notional machine. The notional machine is an individual’s mental model, representing how a programming language executes on a real device. The notional machine aligns …

Impact Of Tropical Climate On Selective Attention And Affect, Guillaume R. Coudevylle, Maria Popa-Roch, Stéphane Sinnapah, Olivier Hue, Nicolas Robin

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

Heat has an impact on several aspects of human cognition but the effects of the tropical climate (i.e., hot and wet) have rarely been explored. The purpose of this study was to determine whether selective attention and affect are negatively impacted by the tropical climate. The study followed a within-participants design: participants responded to an affective scale (PANAS) and performed an attention task (d2 Test) in two experimental climate conditions (tropical vs. neutral) with a one-week interval between sessions. The results indicated that they had lower positive affect and selective attention in the tropical climate than in the neutral climate. …

Blue Light Induces A Neuroprotective Open Access Gene Expression Program In Drosophila Photoreceptors, Hana Hall, Jingqun Ma, Sudhanshu Shekhar, Walter D. Leon-Salas, Vikki M. Weake

Department of Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Background: Light exposure induces oxidative stress, which contributes to ocular diseases of aging. Blue light provides a model for light‑induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and retinal degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. In contrast to mature adults, which undergo retinal degeneration when exposed to prolonged blue light, newly‑eclosed fies are resistant to blue light‑induced retinal degeneration. Here, we sought to characterize the gene expression programs induced by blue light in fies of diferent ages to identify neuroprotective pathways utilized by photoreceptors to cope with light‑induced oxidative stress.

Results: To identify gene expression changes induced by blue light exposure, we profled the nuclear …

A Rheometry Method To Assess The Evaporation-Induced Mechanical Strength Development Of Polymer Solutions Used For Membrane Applications, Eduard Caicedo Casso, Jessica L Sargent, Rachel M. Dorin, Ulrich B. Wiesner, William A. Phillip, Bryan M. Boudouris, Kendra Erk

School of Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Rotational and oscillatory shear rheometry were used to quantify the flow behavior under minimal and significant solvent evaporation conditions for polymer solutions used to fabricate isoporous asymmetric membranes by the self-assembly and non-solvent induced phase separation (SNIPS) method. Three different A-B-C triblock terpolymer chemistries of similar molar mass were evaluated: polyisoprene-^-polystyrene-6-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (ISV); polyisoprene-6- polystyrene-6-poly(V,A-dimethylacrylamide) (ISD); and polyisoprene-Z>-polystyrene-h-poly(fer/- butyl methacrylate) (ISB). Solvent evaporation resulted in the formation of a viscoelastic film typical of asymmetric membranes. Solution viscosity and film viscoelasticity were strongly dependent on the chemical structure of the triblock terpolymer molecules. A hierarchical magnitude (ISV>ISB>ISD) was observed …

U.S. Government Aviation Safety Information Resources, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Presentation covering U.S. Government aviation safety information resources. Topics addressed include U.S. laws,legislation, regulations, court cases, information resources from agencies such as the Federal Aviation Administration, Transportation Security Administration, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, congressional aviation oversight committees and congressional support agencies including the Congressional Budget Office, Congressional Research Service, and Government Accountability Office.

They Choose To Attend Academic Summer Camps? A Mixed Methods Study Exploring The Impact Of A Nasa Academic Summer Pre-Engineering Camp On Middle School Students In A Latino Community, Araceli Martinez Ortiz, Laura Rodriguez Amaya, Hiroko Kawaguchi Warshauer, Sara Garcia Torres, Erin Scanlon, Michelle Pruett

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Early exposure to engineering and mathematics career opportunities has been indicated to influence students’ decisions regarding their academic majors and career goals. This study utilized mixed methods to analyze how changes in middle school students’ affective characteristics might be linked to their future career decision-making, following participation in an integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics summer camp. As part of the summer camp, rising sixth- through eighth-grade students attended a weeklong learning experience based on a specific engineering context. Each grade level cohort participated with their same grade peers in a 36-hour, 6-day event focused on sparking their interest in …

Domestic Dishwasher Simulated Energy Efficiency Evaluation Using Thermoelectric Heat Pump For Water Heating And Dish Drying, Ahmad Abu-Heiba, Mini Malhotra, Kyle R Gluesenkamp, Viral Patel

International High Performance Buildings Conference

A quasi-steady state, coupled thermoelectric and heat transfer model heat and mass transfer lumped model was developed to predict the energy consumption and drying performance of domestic dishwashers. A numerical finite element solution was applied, assuming that the following components could each be treated as a lumped thermal capacitance: dish load, tub, wash water, and air in tub. The model was used to predict the energy consumption savings of heating water using a thermoelectric heat pump that extracts heat from the surrounding air, and the drying performance of circulating tub air through the cold and then hot side of TE …

Intelligent Wall For An Energy Efficient Building By Embedding Thermoelectrics, Kazuaki Yazawa, Ming Qu, Ali Shakouri

International High Performance Buildings Conference

We investigated the energy efficiency of controlling steady-state temperature of the building by actively changing the heat flow using thermoelectric device embedded in the building walls. Heat flow is unlikely preferable especially at an extreme climate condition either hot or cold in considering the electrical power economy or primary energy concern. Heat flow through the thermoelectric is controllable in a certain range by simply switching the polarity of the driving current. Although its moderate coefficient-of-performance (COP) due to the limitation of material properties, thermoelectric is low-profile and the plate-like structure helps a lot to be built-in a wall. Based on …

Formulation And Application Of An Economic Model Predictive Control Scheme For Thermostats, Matthew J Ellis, Anas Alanqar

International High Performance Buildings Conference

Within the last ten years, growing pressure to reduce energy consumption of buildings has led to an increased focus on the development and deployment of advanced control strategies. Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) constitutes the majority of the energy consumption of buildings. Model predictive control (MPC) has gained significant attention in HVAC control as it computes the control inputs for a given system by iteratively solving an optimal control problem on-line. The problem formulation accounts for the system operating objective and constraints. Several application studies of MPC applied to buildings have been reported in the literature. These studies have demonstrated …

Design Of A System For The Production Of Domestic Hot Water From Wastewater Heat Recovery Based On A Heat Pump Optimized To Work At High Water Temperature Lift, Estefania Hervas, Javier Marchante, Emilio Navarro-Peris, Jose Miguel Corberan

International High Performance Buildings Conference

Although many efforts towards more energy-efficient houses have been done, the domestic hot water (DHW) production represents still 18% of the energy consumption in the US domestic sector and will remain roughly similar in the future. Water from the sewage in the domestic sector or from condensing loops in tertiary sector is a potential heat source usually wasted to the ambient. The main potential of this source -apart from energy recuperation- is its temperature, which is slightly higher than the ambient (20-40ºC) and that it does not have significant variability neither through the year nor through the day and its …

"Comparison Between The Performance Of Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices And A Liquid Desiccant Twin-Tower System", Stefanie Tafelmeier, Giovanni Antonio Longo, Andrea Gasparella

International High Performance Buildings Conference

A significant share of the energy demand in high performance buildings is related to mechanical ventilation. Aside traditional heat recovery devices, liquid desiccant system can play a role. The performance of liquid desiccant devices and consequently their potential in energy savings is complex to estimate due to the influence of process parameters as well as the physical parameters of the fluids. A simple twin-tower configuration has been proposed as a reference system for assessing the control strategy and the potential of this technology to reduce the ventilation load. It consists of one absorption tower that treats the outside air and …

Machine-Learning Model Of Electric Water Heater For Electricity Consumption Prediction, Jin Dong, Jeffrey Munk, Borui Cui, Philip R. Boudreaus, Teja Kuruganti

International High Performance Buildings Conference

The recent increase of smart meters in the residential sector has led to large available datasets. The electricity consumption of individual households/devices can be accessed in close to real time, and allows both the demand and supply side to extract valuable information for efficient energy management. Predicting electricity consumption should help utilities improve planning generation and demand side management, however this is not a trivial task as consumption at the individual household level varies with occupant behavior. In residential buildings, many loads have some power flexibility. One of them is water heater, which accounts for up to 20% of home …