Digital Commons Network^™

Trajectories Of Hiv-Related Internalized Stigma And Disclosure Concerns Among Art Initiators And Non-Initiators In South Africa, Brian T. Chan, Brendan G. Maughan-Brown, Laura M. Bogart, Valerie A. Earnshaw, Gugulethu Tshabalala, Ingrid Courtney, Janan J. Dietrich, Catherine Orrell, Glenda Gray, David R. Bangsberg, Alexander C. Tsai, Ingrid T. Katz

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is associated with worse health outcomes. We used longitudinal data from a multisite cohort in South Africa to assess changes over time in stigma after HIV diagnosis and determine whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is associated with stigma reduction. We administered the Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale (IARSS, a six-item dichotomous scale questionnaire) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months to newly diagnosed ART-eligible participants between 2014 and 2015. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the IARSS contained a four-item internalized stigma factor (α = .80) and a two-item disclosure concerns factor (α …

Mobile Health Technologies May Be Acceptable Tools For Providing Social Support To Tuberculosis Patients In Rural Uganda: A Parallel Mixed-Method Study, Angella Musiimenta, Wilson Tumuhimbise, Esther Atukunda, Aaron T. Mugaba, Conrad Muzoora, Mari Armstrong-Hough, David Bangsberg, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background. Social support has been shown to mitigate social barriers to medication adherence and improve tuberculosis (TB) treatment success rates. The use of mobile technology to activate social support systems among TB patients, however, has not been well explored. Moreover, studies that tie supportive SMS (Short Message Service) texts to electronic monitoring of TB medication adherence are lacking.

Objective. To explore TB patients’ current access to social support and perceptions of utilizing real-time adherence monitoring interventions to support medication adherence. Methods. We purposively selected TB patients who owned phones, had been taking TB medications for ≥1 month, were receiving their …

Hiv Care Continuum Characteristics Among People With Opioid Use Disorder And Hiv In Vietnam: Baseline Results From The Bravo Study, Caroline King, Le Minh Giang, Gavin Bart, Lynn Elizabeth Kunkel, P. Todd Korthuis

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

Little is known about patient characteristics that contribute to initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) and achieving viral suppression among HIV people with opioid use disorder in Vietnam. The primary objective of this analysis was to evaluate associations between participant characteristics and the critical steps in the HIV care continuum of ART initiation and HIV viral suppression among people with opioid use disorder and HIV in Vietnam.

Methods

We assessed baseline participant characteristics, ART status, and HIV viral suppression (HIV RNA PCR < 200 copies/mL) enrolled in a clinical trial of HIV clinic-based buprenorphine versus referral for methadone among people with opioid use disorder in Vietnam. We developed logistic regression models to identify characteristics associated with ART status and HIV viral suppression.

Results

Among 283 study participants, 191 (67.5%) were prescribed ART at baseline, and 168 of those on ART (90%) …

Tracking Multimorbidity Changes In Diverse Racial/Ethnic Populations Over Time: Issues And Considerations, Ana R. Quiñones, Heather G. Allore, Anda Botoseneanu, Jason T. Newsom, Corey L. Nagel, David A. Dorr

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Multimorbidity is widely recognized as having adverse effects on health and wellbeing and may threaten the ability of older adults to live independently. Much of what is known about multimorbidity rests on research that has largely focused on one point in time, or from a static perspective. Given that there remains a lack of agreement in the field on how to standardize multimorbidity definitions and measurement, it is not surprising that analyzing and predicting multimorbidity development, progression over time, and its impact are still largely unaddressed. As a result, there are important gaps and challenges to measuring and studying multimorbidity …

Association Of A Multisite Interprofessional Education Initiative With Quality Of Primary Care, Samuel T. Edwards, Elizabeth Hooker, Rebecca Brienza, Bridget O’Brien, Hyunjee Kim, Stuart Gilman, Nancy Harada, Lillian Gelberg, Sarah Shull, Meike Niederhausen, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Importance Studies have shown that interprofessional education (IPE) improves learner proficiencies, but few have measured the association of IPE with patient outcomes, such as clinical quality.

Objective To estimate the association of a multisite IPE initiative with quality of care.

Design, Setting, and Participants This study used difference-in-differences analysis of US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic health record data from July 1, 2008, to June 30, 2015. Patients cared for by resident clinicians in 5 VA academic primary care clinics that participated in the Centers of Excellence in Primary Care Education (CoEPCE), an initiative designed to promote IPE among …

Associations Of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Conditions With Self-Rated Health, Mental Distress, And Health Behaviors: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study In Japan, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Tomoki Nakaya

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

Although associations between neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and health have been well established, their geographical scope is mostly limited to Western societies, while multilevel studies in the non-Western context (e.g., Japan) are limited to specific cities/regions within countries. This consequently limits the external validity of the findings. To fill the gap, this study examined the associations between neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and health-related indicators by using nationwide cross-sectional data in Japan. Individual data was collected from a nationwide online survey conducted in 2015 (n = 4593). Self-rated health, mental distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale: K6), smoking, and physical activity were analyzed in …

A Study Of The Impact Of Covid-19 On Home Delivery Purchases And Expenditures, Avinash Unnikrishnan, Miguel A. Figliozzi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Lockdowns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly affected shopping behavior. This study surveys people living in Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro Metropolitan area on household and demographic characteristics, e-commerce and home delivery service and product preferences, number of deliveries made before and during the COVID-19 lockdown, and household expenditures on home deliveries. Ordered choice models are developed to understand factors that affect the number of online deliveries made before COVID-19, and the number and household expenditures on online deliveries during the COVID-19 lockdown. Results indicate that higher-income households are more likely to make more online deliveries and spend more money on home deliveries …

Women Or Witches? Why Women Were The Target Of The Malleus Maleficarum, Remington Mederos

Malleus Maleficarum

The fifteenth century saw advancements in a variety of fields, including the discovery and development of the printing press. Despite developments in many aspects of society, women lived under a cloud of misogyny. The inquisition and the witch hunts that became prevalent during this period made many women targets of mass hysteria and violence.

Witches became the focal point of clerical demonologists who sought to study the manner in which the devil worked through women to interfere with God’s creation and sacraments. One such demonologist was Heinrich Kramer, who wrote a manual for the discovery, interrogation, prosecution, and eventual execution …

Curriculum Change 2020-2021, Portland State University

Bulletin & Curriculum Change Documents

No abstract provided.

Claude V. Palisca As Music Educator: The Yale Seminar On Music Education And The Norton Anthology Of Western Music, Jelena Dj. Simonović Schiff, Jere T. Humphreys

School of Music + Theater Faculty Publications and Presentations

Claude V. Palisca (1921–2001) was a prominent American musicologist and music educator. He authored books and articles about Renaissance and Baroque music theory and developments in musicology, but is most widely known as the founder and first editor of the Norton Anthology of Western Music (NAWM) and coauthor of A History of Western Music, the two music history textbooks that are still in use in classrooms worldwide. In this article, we trace Palisca’s first idea of the NAWM’s structure, content, and purpose through his writings and activities between the 1950s and late 1970s. The central part …

Interview With Karin Waller, Karin A. Waller, Patricia A. Schechter

Conflict Resolution Oral Histories

Karin Waller was interviewed by history professor Patricia Schechter on May 27, 2020, in Portland, Oregon. Also participating in the interview are graduate students Cleophas Chambliss and Liza Schade.

In this interview, Waller describes the personal, social, and intellectual intersections that brought her to graduate study, her mentors in the graduate program, and her thesis project.

Interview With Barbara Tint, Barbara Tint, Patricia A. Schechter

Conflict Resolution Oral Histories

Barbara Tint was interviewed by Patricia Schechter on May 29, 2020, in Portland, Oregon. Also participating in the interview are Alex Berg, Cleophas Chambliss, Oona Fisher Campbell, Jake Hutchins, Alex Ibarra, Lady J, Liza Schade, and Stephanie Vallance.

In this interview, Tint describes her path to academia through working as a counselor and with conflict resolution in a number of international settings. The discussion takes a theoretical turn when students inquired about the philosophical underpinnings of Tint's work.

Interview With Marvin Kaiser, Marvin Kaiser, Oona Fisher Campbell

Conflict Resolution Oral Histories

Marvin Kaiser was interviewed by Oona Fisher Campbell on May 15, 2020, in Portland, Oregon. Also participating in the interview are Patricia Schechter and Cleophas Chambliss.

In this interview, Kaiser, who has a background in social work, discusses the structural obstacles in our society that create conflict and emphasizes the role that the university and higher education in general can play as a community public service.

Ethnodance And Identity: Black Students Representing Science Identities In The Making, Mindy J. Chappell, Maria Varelas

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

We explored how arts-based practices, specifically what we define as ethnodance informs the study of science identity. We present a theoretical argument supported by an empirical illustration of how ethnodance offers Black youth with dance identities a medium to narrate evolving science identities, communicating meanings, interactions, and emotions, and to construct identities further as reified artifacts of participating in science classroom communities. The theoretical argument frames dance as an embodied narrative, identity construction as an ongoing process with interactional and affective commitments, and Black Dances as venues of Black bodies’ expressivity of the brilliance, competence, and creativity of Black people. …

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps-Based Switched-Mode Power Supply Design Assistant System, Yi Kuang, Zhiyong Johnny Zhang, Bin Duan, Pei Zhang

Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Traditional engineering design approaches primarily solve technical problems and often ignore the importance of human factors. To reduce human errors and workload in power electronics, this paper proposes a switched-mode power supply design (SMPS) assistant system based on Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs). This system incorporates both technical requirements and human factors that involve designers' knowledge and skills in the SMPS design domain. First, we identify the critical concepts from power management lab kits and power electronics books, and extract latent sub-skills of SMPS design using exploratory factor analysis to build the starting concept list of FCM. Second, we use factor …

Economic Analysis Of Green Marketing: The Correlation Between Consumers And Firms Through Environmental Incentives, Naomi Joyce

University Honors Theses

This thesis will seek to explore and analyze incentives in the market with relation to consumers and firms interacting in the current economic and environmental situation of the United States. These incentives are crucial to understanding the relationship between green consumerism and firm positions in the market. By analyzing the characteristics of green consumers and their reactions of firms, a better understanding of the economic relationship of firms and consumers for the future will become more apparent. The green consumer exhibits personal patterns in their purchasing habits which firms can utilize to attract the green consumer while increasing profits. When …

Towards An Ecocentric Movement?, David Johns

Political Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

An ecocentric movement is one which mobilizes and organizes people to transform, or abolish and replace, existing anthropocentric societies, which seek to dominate the other-than-human world. The instrumentalities of anthropocentric domination will not simply wither away. They must be forcefully dismantled. That dismantling will be neither quick nor easy, and will be met with enormous resistance from those that benefit from domination, and from those that fear change. Only by keeping one’s eyes on the prize – the recovery of biodiversity and the Earth – and not being diverted by other goals, can the prize be attained.

Iterative Thematic Inquiry: A New Method For Analyzing Qualitative Data, David L. Morgan, Andreea Alexandra Nica

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Because themes play such a central role in the presentation of qualitative research results, we propose a new method, Iterative Thematic Inquiry (ITI), that is guided by the development of themes. We begin by describing how ITI uses pragmatism as a theoretical basis for linking beliefs, in the form of preconceptions, to actions, in the form of data collection and analysis. Next, we present the four basic phases that ITI relies on: assessing beliefs; building new beliefs through encounters with data; listing tentative themes; and, evaluating themes through coding. We also review several notable differences between ITI and existing methods …

The Importance Of “Being There”: A Qualitative Study Of What Veterans With Depression Want In Social Support, Alan R. Teo, Heather E. Marsh, S. Ono, Christina Nicolaidis, Somnath Saha, Steven K. Dobscha

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Social connectedness exerts strong influences on health, including major depression and suicide. A major component of social connectedness is having individual relationships with close supports, romantic partners and other trusted members of one’s social network. Objective: The objective of this study was to understand how individuals’ relationships with close supports might be leveraged to improve outcomes for primary care patients with depression and at risk for suicide. Design: In this qualitative study, a semi-structured interview guide was used to probe patient experiences, views, and preferences related to social support. Participants: We conducted interviews with 30 primary care patients at …

Parent Health Beliefs, Social Determinants Of Health, And Child Health Services Utilization Among Us School-Age Children With Autism, Katharine Zuckerman, Olivia J. Lindly, Brianna Sinche, Christina Nicolaidis

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective—Substantial variation exists in ASD care by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status; however, the role of parent health beliefs in this variation is poorly understood. Study goals were to (1) examine variation in parent beliefs about ASD prognosis and treatment according to social determinants of health (SDH) and (2) assess whether this variation was associated with variable health services utilization, among 1420 children with special health care needs (CSHCN) having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods—We used linked data from the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Treatment and the 2009/10 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. …

The Next Step: A Guide To Framing And Designing Permanent Supportive Housing For Caritas Housing, Julianne Reno, Ryan Dyar, N. Janine Gates, Joshua Ollinger, Hugo Hamblin-Agosto

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

Caritas Housing of Oregon develops affordable housing for persons experiencing homelessness across the state. In January 2020, staff reached out to students in the Master of Urban and Regional Planning Program seeking planning assistance. Caritas wanted help planning for the needs of future residents and navigating what is frequently an emotionally-fraught and politically-charged development process. Upstream Planning worked with Caritas Housing to create resident-informed development criteria and design a framework for public communication. The Upstream Planning team created two documents, Development Criteria Guide and Public Communication Guide, that work towards the singular goal of helping Caritas develop permanent supportive housing …

Repairing Historicity, Bennett Gilbert

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper advances a fresh theorization of historicity. The word and concept of historicity has become so widespread and popular that they have ceased to have definite meaning and are used to stand for unsupported notions of the values inherent in human experience. This paper attempts to repair the concept by re-defining it as the temporal aspect of the interdependence of life; having history is to have a life intertwined with the lives of all others and with the universe. After separating out the looser uses, surveying some of the literature, and defining what needs to be done, the paper …

An Expert Discussion On Structural Racism In Autism Research And Practice, Desiree R. Jones, Christina Nicolaidis, Lisa J. Ellwood, Arianne Garcia, Khalilah R. Johnson, Kristina Lopez, T. C. Waisman

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Autism research has a race problem. Despite improvements in screening and diagnosis, autism continues to be underdiagnosed in Black and Hispanic children , and those who obtain a diagnosis often have limited access to support services. Racial disparities persist during the transition to adulthood, with autistic adults from racial and ethnic minority groups experiencing a number of challenges, including lower rates of employment, social participation, and postsecondary education compared to White autistic adults. While these studies highlight the important intersection between race, ethnicity and autism, people of color remain consistently under-represented in autism research , and dialogues regarding the impact …

Student Perspectives On Peer Supports In An Inclusive Postsecondary Education Context, Courtney Lane Wilt, Mary E. Morningstar

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This qualitative study investigates the experiences of students with intellectual disability with peer mentors at a large Midwestern inclusive postsecondary education program (IPSE). Participants were students with intellectual disability and peer mentors associated with the IPSE. Students with intellectual disability are valued as partners in developing and sustaining peer mentor supports and their perspectives are emphasized in this study. Data analysis reveals similarities and differences between the students with intellectual disability and peer mentors in their perceptions of friendship, college life, and support needs. Amount of time spent in the program also emerged as a factor in student and peer …

Exploring The Use Of An Occupational Interests Card Sort With Young Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Preliminary Stud, Sarah R. Carlson, Mary E. Morningstar, Arpita Ghosh, Vidya D. Munandar

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Transition planning is the foundation for addressing post-secondary goals leading to improved outcomes. Transition assessments guide the transition planning process. Given the importance of transition assessment results, practitioners need access to measures supporting the active involvement of youth with intellectual disability. One such method is the occupational interests card sort. This study investigated the use of an occupational interests card sort with youth with intellectual disability, assessing its impact on their career decision self-efficacy. Results indicated that the occupational interests card sort influenced young adults’ ability to select career goals, as well as identify career themes beyond occupational interests.

Using Facebook For Qualitative Research: A Brief Primer, Daschel Franz, Heather Elizabeth Marsh, Jason Chen, Alan R. Teo

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

As Facebook continues to grow its number of active users, the potential to harness data generated by Facebook users also grows. As much of Facebook users’ activity consists of creating (and commenting on) written posts, the potential use of text data for research is enormous. However, conducting a content analysis of text from Facebook users requires adaptation of research methods used for more traditional sources of qualitative data. Furthermore, best practice guidelines to assist researchers interested in conducting qualitative studies using data derived from Facebook are lacking. The purpose of this primer was to identify opportunities, as well as potential …

Challenging Aggressive Behaviors Experienced By Personal Support Workers In Comparison To Home Care Workers: Relationships Between Caregiver Experiences And Psychological Health, Kelsey N. Womack, Teala W. Alvord, Caitlyn F. Trullinger-Dwyer, Sean P.M. Rice, Ryan Olson

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Personal support workers (PSW) are caregivers for children and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) or adults experiencing mental illness or other behavioral health conditions. The work can be very meaningful, but many PSWs must prepare for, monitor, and manage challenging behaviors, including aggression. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of aggression experienced by PSWs in Oregon, and compare it to a previous sample of Oregon home care workers (HCWs). This comparison included an analysis of relationships between exposures to aggression and psychological health factors. PSWs in Oregon (N = 240) were surveyed electronically at a single …

There’S More To The Story: Both Individual And Collective Policy Narratives Can Increase Support For Community-Level Action, Chris Skurka, Jeff Niederdeppe, Liana Winett

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Narratives can convey the need or community-level action to address social problems. Yet narratives often tell stories about specific individuals rather than the broader collectives these problems affect. Some theorists argue that individualizing collective problems inhibits audiences from recognizing upstream causes and solutions. This study tested how narrative individualization (whether a story focuses on an individual case or a larger collective) might produce trade-offs when mobilizing support for community-level policies to address childhood obesity. We also investigated whether narratives using language congruent with political partisans’ morals (equity or loyalty) might minimize polarized responses to such narratives. A large, Web-based experiment …

Responding To Student Teachers' Fears: How We're Adjusting During The Covid-19 Shutdowns, Jeremy Delamarter, Mary Ewart

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

The COVID-19 epidemic has wrought havoc on both K-12 education and teacher preparation, to say nothing of society in general. For many of our candidates, the normal fears and anxieties that surround student teaching have been magnified to the point of that even our most promising student teachers feel overwhelmed and panicked. In this article, we reflect on the need for teacher educators to acknowledge and respond to their candidates' fears. We outline some of the individual, pedagogical, and programmatic adjustments that we have made in wake of the COVID shutdowns. We conclude by acknowledging that these adjustments are part …

Image And Storytelling New Approaches To Hispanic Cinema And Literature, Gina Herrmann, Isabel Jaén Portillo

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

This special issue of Periphērica, Image and Storytelling: New Approaches to Hispanic Cinema and Literature, features leading research by scholars of Hispanic cultures at the crossroads of literature, film, mind, and society. The collection showcases cutting-edge fields and themes including cognitive studies, affect studies, embodiment, and empathy, as well as new perspectives on adaptation, film typology, film teaching, gender, and genre. The research presented in this special issue underscores the excitement produced by crossing disciplinary boundaries in the study of verbal and visual narratives, moving beyond prevalent transnational approaches that do not sufficiently address key factors in the creation and …