Digital Commons Network^™

A Literature Review Of Understanding And Supporting Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In The Classroom, Kerilyn Creelman

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

The effects of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has on academic performance are evident. This mini-literature review aims to gain insight into which parts of ADHD affects a student’s academic achievement and to provide suggestions to use to assist closing the academic gap between students with ADHD and neurotypical students. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is increasing in diagnosis within children. ADHD affects a child’s academic performance, creating a deficit measured in years, and grows as children continue into their high school careers. ADHD-Inattentive affects academic performance the most out of the three subtypes of ADHD. Medication has shown …

Supporting Biomedical Research Training For Historically Underrepresented Undergraduates Using Interprofessional, Nonformal Education Structures, Lisa K. Marriott, Aaron Raz Link, Roberto P. Anitori, Ernest A. Blackwell, Andrea Blas, Jennifer Brock, Tracey K. Burke, Julia A. Burrows, Alexis P. Cabrera, Derek Helsham, Lorna B. Liban, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Mika Maruyama, Kathryn C.A. Milligan-Myhre, Perry J.C. Panelinan, Margaret Hattori-Uchima, Russell Reed, Ben E. Simon, Beylul Solomon, Alma M.O. Trinidad, Letisha R. Wyatt, Alonso Delgado Covarrubias, Adrienne Zell, Thomas E. Keller, Cynthia Morris, Carlos J. Crespo

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Research experience provides critical training for new biomedical research scientists. Students from underrepresented populations studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are increasingly recruited into research pathways to diversify STEM fields. However, support structures outside of research settings designed to help these students navigate biomedical research pathways are not always available; nor are program support components outside the context of laboratory technical skills training and formal mentorship well understood. This study leveraged a multi-institutional research training program, Enhancing Cross-Disciplinary Infrastructure and Training at Oregon (EXITO), to explore how nine institutions designed a new curricular structure (Enrichment) to meet a common …

Faculty Senate Monthly Packet May 2021, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Monthly Packets

The May 3, 2021 Monthly packet includes the May agenda and appendices and the Faculty Senate minutes and attachments from the meeting held April 5, 2021.

Storing Intermediate Results In Space And Time: Sql Graphs And Block Referencing, Basem Ibrahim Elazzabi

Dissertations and Theses

With the advancement of data-collection technology and with more data being available for data analysts for data-intensive decision making, many data analysts use client-based data-analysis environments to analyze that data. Client-based environments where only a personal computer or a laptop is used to perform data analysis tasks are common. In such client-based environments, multiple tools and systems are typically needed to accomplish data-analysis tasks. Stand-alone systems such as spreadsheets, R, Matlab, and Tableau are usually easy to use, and they are designed for the typical, non-technical data analyst. However, these systems are limited in their data-analysis capabilities. More complex data …

Anti-Inflammatory And Immunomodulatory Properties Of Fermsented Plant Food, Roghayeh Shahbazi, Farzaneh Sharifzad, Rana Bagheri, Nawal Alsadi, Hamed Yasavoli-Sharahi, Chantal Matar

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Fermented plant foods are gaining wide interest worldwide as healthy foods due to their unique sensory features and their health-promoting potentials, such as antiobesity, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and anticarcinogenic activities. Many fermented foods are a rich source of nutrients, phytochemicals, bioactive compounds, and probiotic microbes. The excellent biological activities of these functional foods, such as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions, are widely attributable to their high antioxidant content and lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB). LAB contribute to the maintenance of a healthy gut microbiota composition and improvement of local and systemic immunity. Besides, antioxidant compounds are involved in several functional properties of fermented …

A Golden Age For Computing Frontiers, A Dark Age For Computing Education?, Christof Teuscher

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

There is no doubt that the body of knowledge spanned by the computing disciplines has gone through an unprecedented expansion, both in depth and breadth, over the last century. In this position paper, we argue that this expansion has led to a crisis in computing education: quite literally the vast majority of the topics of interest of this conference are not taught at the undergraduate level and most graduate courses will only scratch the surface of a few selected topics. But alas, industry is increasingly expecting students to be familiar with emerging topics, such as neuromorphic, probabilistic, and quantum computing, …

Exploring A Possible New Mechanism Of The Predictive Coding Theory Of Consciousness With A Binocular Rivalry Experiment, Sai Kiersarsky, Madison Cho-Richmond

Student Research Symposium

Predictive Coding is a theory of brain function in which consciousness is a predictive model generated by higher brain regions that constantly updates its predictions about the cause of upwards flowing data – often sensory perception data. Binocular Rivalry is a phenomenon where, when each eye is presented with a completely different image, consciousness alternates between the images rather than attempting to fuse both images into one.

Here we present the same image to both eyes, but with each image partially blurred in differing areas to test if consciousness weaves together the clear areas to synthesize a single crisp image. …

Clinical Swallowing Evaluations Via Telehealth: A Scoping Review & Ideas For Implementation, Stephanie J. Merrill

Student Research Symposium

Previous research has been conducted on telehealth clinical swallowing evaluations in a number of populations (Burns et al., 2017; Morell et al., 2017; Sharma et al., 2011; Ward et al., 2012), however, to our knowledge, no research has examined this topic for people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (pALS). Given the impact of the novel coronavirus disease 2019, the need for virtual access to healthcare, particularly for people with chronic medical conditions, has become paramount. The goal of this project is to review the literature examining techniques used for virtual clinical assessment of swallowing and to outline approaches that could be …

The Role Of The School Slp In Treatment Of Tbi: Implications For Bipoc Students, Simone Speer, Susan Wiggins

Student Research Symposium

Historically, BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) students are disciplined more frequently, and more severely than their white counterparts in educational settings. This often includes suspension, expulsion, arrest, entry into the juvenile justice system, and incarceration. Within this group of students, there is a disproportionately large number of students experiencing executive functioning and communication deficits as a result of TBI. Research tells us that these impairments often present as a wide variety of behaviors which in BIPOC students are often misdiagnosed by school administration as defiant or disruptive and are disciplined more heavily than their white peers. Speech language pathologists …

A Feature Matching Protocol For Telepractice Augmentative And Alternative Communication (Aac) Evaluation, Jessi Ryann Gallagher

Student Research Symposium

Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) support individuals with communication disabilities who experience barriers to meeting all of their communication needs through spoken language. SLPs assess clients who may benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) which includes tools and strategies to support communication.

There are many barriers to effective AAC service delivery. Clinicians often receive limited training in AAC assessment or treatment, and external evidence regarding AAC assessment techniques and strategies is needed. Further, increased health risks associated with face-to-face interactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic forced many clinicians to transfer services to telepractice. This likely resulted in additional barriers to effective …

Links Between Sound-Category Learning & Memory Skills In Neurotypical & Language-Learning-Disabled Adults, Katharine Ross, Mario Rene Jimenez-Cruz

Student Research Symposium

This study will examine how memory systems are intertwined with language learning by assessing participants’ different memory systems and relating memory skills to the ability to learn and categorize unfamiliar sounds.

Based upon similar work (Maddox, Ing, & Lauritzen, 2006), we hypothesize that the data will show a link between procedural memory and implicit sound categorization, and between declarative memory and explicit sound categorization. Additionally, based on the predictions of the Procedural Deficit Hypothesis (Lum, Conti-Ramsden, Page, & Ullman, 2012), we believe adults with LI will (1) show a weak connection between procedural memory and implicit sound categorization accuracy; (2) …

Teaching Children Emotional Intelligence: A Closer Look At The Barbie Vlogs, Jillian C. Britton

Student Research Symposium

In 2015, toy company Mattel began a YouTube vlog starring a 3D animated Barbie that featured many vlogs seemingly geared at increasing children’s emotional intelligence. One concern about this promising resource is that previous research suggests that cultural relevance has a notable role in the receptivity of children's media content, and Barbie may not be the most versatile role model for children of all demographics. Using a quasi-experimental matched-groups design, this proposed research aims to evaluate the impacts of the Barbie vlogs on children’s levels of emotional intelligence, and determine whether the children's ethnicity (Black or White, within the scope …

Comparing Heavy Metal Content Found In Spinach Grown On The Roof And Ground Sites At Portland State University, Tyler A. Robin

Student Research Symposium

The world is changing quickly and with the increase of urban populations fresh, healthy food can be expensive and space for local farming limited. Roofs can be underutilized in these densely populated cities and can offer a space for local fresh farming but there is a lack of understanding about air pollutants' effects on vegetables grown on roofs. This study is to find if growing leafy vegetables on the roof can limit heavy metal exposure from air pollutants. By growing Spinacia oleracea in four roofs, and five ground locations around the Portland State University campus we can extract the heavy …

The Impact Of Professors’ Heterosexual Identity In Higher Education Classrooms, Sam Barr

Student Research Symposium

This proposed study is concerned with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) student’s perceptions of classroom climate, and the potential negative impacts of these perceptions. A poor classroom climate can decrease student participation and contribute to minority stress, which can be a barrier to successful higher education. In this study, we plan to inspect the impact of professors’ heterosexual identities on their scores of Classroom Diversity Climate (CDC). We hope to recruit heterosexual Portland State University professors and their students for our study. After randomly assigning professors to either an intervention on integrative heterosexuality or to a waitlist (control) group, we …

Quantifying The Motility Of Vibrio Alginolyticus After Simulated Microgravity Using Digital Holographic Analysis, Jacqueline Acres

Student Research Symposium

Astronauts, along with bacteria, experience the weightless environment on the International Space Station. This weightless environment has become known as microgravity. Because it is difficult to conduct experiments in space, simulated microgravity devices were developed for use on Earth. These devices replicate specific characteristics of the microgravity environment including low fluid shear, lack of sedimentation and low turbulence. Understanding how microbes might change when exposed to this environment is important as astronauts experience depressed immune functions and, in some cases, virulence in microbes has been shown to increase after exposure to microgravity. Changes in microbial motility are important as these …

Implicit Learning In Preschoolers With And Without Developmental Language Disorder, Abigail Tolomei, Josie Johnson, Katharine Ross, Genesis Ocegueda Enciso, Carolyn Quam, Aminah Kariye, Molly Franz, Rachel Atkinson

Student Research Symposium

The purpose of this study was to compare implicit learning of sound categories across preschoolers with and without developmental language disorder (DLD), in order to test the Procedural Deficit Hypothesis (Lum, Conti-Ramsden, Page, & Ullman, 2012), which argues that procedural memory, the basis for implicit learning, is the core deficit in DLD. We tested 52 preschoolers in total, 26 with typical language development (TLD), and 26 with DLD. Preschoolers participated in a computer-based task assessing implicit mapping of sounds to meanings. We predicted that children with DLD would show deficits in implicit learning relative to children with TLD. Results were …

From Molecules To Mountains: A Multi-Proxy Investigation Into Ancient Climate And Topography Of The Pacific Northwest, Usa, Alex Mclean

Dissertations and Theses

The modern Cascades are a north-south striking mountain range that intercepts Pacific Ocean-derived moisture resulting in orographic precipitation on the western flank and a relatively arid rain shadow in the lee. Because of the strong coupling between topography and climate and consistent moisture source (Pacific Ocean) throughout the year, the region is ideally situated for paleoclimate studies that utilize the isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O and δD) of meteoric water to determine when uplifts occurred. Here, I synthesize the spatial and temporal evolution of stable isotopes in paleowater proxies across the Pacific Northwest during the Cenozoic. New volcanic glass (δD) …

The Use Of Mayflies, Stoneflies And Caddisflies As Indicators Of Fine Sediment Pollution In Salmon-Bearing Streams Of The Pacific Northwest, Cory Michael Mccaffrey

Dissertations and Theses

Fine sediment (particles < 2 mm in diameter) deposition is a natural component of streams but in excess amounts it is harmful to aquatic biota. Fine sediment is the main cause of impairment in streams and rivers of the Pacific Northwest and it can lead to unsuitable spawning and rearing habitat for Endangered Species Act (ESA) listed Salmon and steelhead. From a regulatory perspective, fine sediment presents a challenge because it is difficult to measure in situ and to establish criteria that would indicate stream impairment. Consequently, there is considerable effort to develop biocriteria using stream macroinvertebrates that would help regulators determine if a stream is impaired by excessive fine sediment.

Stream macroinvertebrates are widely used to monitor and assess stream degradation because they are affected by the physical, chemical and biological conditions in a stream. In particular, the stream insects known as mayflies (Ephemeroptera, E), stoneflies (Plecoptera, P) and caddisflies (Trichoptera, T) are commonly used as a metric referred to as EPT richness. EPT taxa are well known as pollutant intolerant …

Using Information Theory To Extract Patterns From Categorical Raster Data, David Percy

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Information theory -- Reconstructability Analysis (RA) implemented in the Occam software -- was used to extract patterns from National Land Cover Data. The aim was to predict temporal change in evergreen forests from time-lagged and spatially adjacent states. The NLCD satellite data were preprocessed with Python and submitted to Occam for analysis, and Occam output was also explored with R-studio. The effectiveness of RA methodology for the analysis of this type of categorical space-time grid data was demonstrated.

Climatic Controls On The Kinematics Of The Hooskanaden Landslide, Curry County, Oregon, Kara Kingen

Dissertations and Theses

Slow-moving earthflows represent major sources of sediment transport and erosion and are problematic for the management of critical infrastructure. The Hooskanaden Landslide -- a slow-moving earthflow on the southwest coast of Oregon -- crosses US Highway 101 and has been a site of continued interest to the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) due to the weak lithology, erosive environment, and recurrent surge behavior (every ~15 years). Past surges, including the most recent (2019), have occurred during the winter, suggesting that velocity changes are predominantly controlled by climatic inputs. To examine the response of the Hooskanaden Landslide to seasonal and other …

Sources Of Individual Differences In Adults’ Ict Skills: A Large-Scale Empirical Test Of A New Guiding Framework, Alexandra Wicht, Stephen Reder, Clemens M. Lechner

Applied Linguistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We develop an integrative conceptual framework that seeks to explain individual differences in the ability to use information and communication technologies (ICT skills). Building on practice engagement theory, this framework views the continued usage of digital technologies at work and in everyday life (ICT use) as the key prerequisite for the acquisition of ICT skills. At the same time, the framework highlights that ICT use is itself contingent upon individual and contextual preconditions. We apply this framework to data from two recent German large-scale studies (N = 2,495 and N = 2,786, respectively) that offer objective measures of adults’ ICT …

Fluorogenic Probes For Thioredoxin Reductase Activity, Tendai J. Mafireyi, Jorge O. Escobedo, Robert Strongin

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The thioredoxin system is vital in maintaining the cellular redox state and is implicated in various cancers and other diseases. It comprises of thioredoxin reductase, thioredoxin and NADPH. Various methods have been developed for the detection and quantification of the thioredoxin reductase enzyme. Most of these methods suffer the shortfall of poor specificity, hence there is need to develop more robust and specific techniques. Recently, there has been an increased interest in fluorescent probes that can target thioredoxin reductase. This review highlights the progress in the synthesis and application of the different fluorescent probes that have been employed for this …

The Amungme And The Environment: Environmental Justice History And Consumerism, Kole A. Dawson

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Amungme are one of hundreds of Papuan people groups who lived in the Indonesian province in New Guinea for thousands of years. This group subsisted in their environment by hunting, cultivation of small crops, and practicing pig husbandry. In the late 1960s, seeking foreign capital to boost the nation’s economy, the president of Indonesia signed a contract with Freeport McMoRan Copper and Gold. Freeport began mining in the early 1970s, eventually opening one of the world’s largest gold mines. Excavating sacred Amungme sites, Freeport’s massive pollution to the land and water destroyed the indigenous people’s environment both spiritually and …

Practical Anarchism: The Makhnovist Movement In The Ukraine, 1917–1921, Zion G. Flores

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Anarchism was one of the most prominent revolutionary left-wing movements in 19th and 20th century Europe, even contending as a philosophy with Marxism in many socialist circles. However, anarchism is generally believed today to be unrealistic and impractical as a political ideology. When looking at the modern historical record though, this does not always seem to be the case. I plan to explore whether the Makhnovist movement in the Ukraine from 1917-1921 provides an exception to the idea that anarchist movements are never viable. This movement, guided in large part by anarcho-communist Nestor Makhno, was one of the first to …

Glaciers Of The Olympic Mountains, Washington - The Past And Future 100 Years, Andrew G. Fountain, Christina Gray, Bryce Allen Glenn, Brian Menounos, Justin Pflug, Jon L. Riedel

Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations

In 2015, the Olympic Mountains contain 255 glaciers and perennial snowfields totaling 25.34 ± 0.27 km², half of the area in 1900, and about 0.75 ± 0.19 km³ of ice. Since 1980, glaciers shrank at a rate of -0.59 km² yr^-1 during which 35 glaciers and 16 perennial snowfields disappeared. Area changes of Blue Glacier, the largest glacier in the study region, was a good proxy for glacier change of the entire region. A simple mass balance model of the glacier, based on monthly air temperature and precipitation, correlates with glacier area change. The mass …

Networking Frameworks: A Method For Analyzing The Complexities Of Classroom Cultures Focusing On Justifying, Eva Thanheiser, Kathleen Melhuish, Amanda Sugimoto, Brenda Rosencrans, Ruth Heaton

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, we network five frameworks (cognitive demand, lesson cohesion, cognitive engagement, collective argumentation, and student contribution) for an analytic approach that allows us to present a more holistic picture of classrooms which engage students in justifying. We network these frameworks around the edges of the instructional triangle as a means to coordinate them to illustrate the observable relationships among teacher, students(s), and content. We illustrate the potential of integrating these frameworks via analysis of two lessons that, while sharing surface level similarities, are profoundly different when considering the complexities of a classroom focused on justifying. We found that …

Posterior Predictive Critique Of A Psychometric Bayesian Model For Assessing Aphasia, Ashlynn Crisp

Mathematics and Statistics Dissertations, Theses, and Final Project Papers

For persons with aphasia, naming tests are useful for assessing the severity of the disease and observing progress toward recovery. The Philadelphia Naming Test (PNT) is a leading naming test composed of 175 items. The items are common nouns which are one to four syllables in length and with low, medium, and high frequency. Since the target word is known to the administrator, the response from the patient can be classified as correct or an error. If the patient commits an error, the PNT provides procedures for classifying the type of error in the response. Item response theory can be …

Distributionally Robust Optimization Utilizing Facility Location Problems, Elijah Kling

Civil and Environmental Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Facility location problems are used in widespread application in transportation, freight, supply chain, and logistics problems. Models can be developed as deterministic, where all parameters are known, or robust, where a parameter has uncertainty. This thesis explores a new method for developing robust formulation and compares the implications of assuming values for this uncertain parameter. Two models are solved, and both are compared against their deterministic counterparts using numerical analysis. By manipulating the input parameters and considering real world implications of the solutions, either the robust or deterministic can show better performance.

Cei Hub Failure Following A Cascadia Earthquake Event: Preliminary Modeling Of A Liquid Fuel Spill In The Lower Willamette And Columbia Rivers, Mike Du Bose

Civil and Environmental Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The Critical Energy Infrastructure (CEI) Hub in Northwest Portland, OR spans a six-mile stretch of the Lower Willamette River and stores 90% of Oregon’s liquid fuel supply and 100% of the jet fuel for PDX. The CEI Hub is also built entirely on liquefiable soils which are likely to fail during a Cascadia earthquake event. The purpose of this project was to model a liquid fuel spill in the Lower Willamette and Columbia Rivers using the CE-QUAL-W2 model. Several scenarios were developed to account for different environmental conditions, (e.g., high and low discharge years) and varying spill durations (e.g., rapid …

The Influence Of Channel Deepening On Tides, River Discharge Effects, And Storm Surge, Stefan A. Talke, Ramin Familkhalili, David A. Jay

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

We combine archival research, semi-analytical models, and numerical simulations to address the following question: how do changes to channel geometry alter tidal properties and flood dynamics in a hyposynchronous, strongly frictional estuary with a landward decay in tidal amplitudes? Records in the Saint Johns River Estuary since the 1890s show that tidal range has doubled in Jacksonville, Florida. Near the estuary inlet, tidal discharge approximately doubled but tidal amplitudes increased only ~6%. Modeling shows that increased shipping channel depths from 5-6 to ~13m drove the observed changes, with other factors like channel shortening and width reduction producing comparatively minor effects. …