Digital Commons Network^™

Second Language Use In The Workplace: A Case Study Of A Dental Hygienist, Gina L. Crocetti

Dissertations and Theses

This paper describes a case study of a non-native speaking (NNS) dental hygienist in her work environment. The subject learned English by learning to become a dental hygienist rather than through formal language education. Participant observation and discourse, event/network, and componential analyses were the methods used to analyze the subject's communication in her work setting.

The philosophical question as to how ESP differs from ESL is raised and elements of the work setting and the NNS workers' communication with interlocutors in that setting are identified to aid educators in teaching ESP courses. Questions ESP educators might address in designing and …

On Matching Ann Structure To Problem Domain Structure, George G. Lendaris, Martin Zwick, Karl Mathia

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

To achieve reduced training time and improved generalization with artificial neural networks (ANN, or NN), it is important to use a reduced complexity NN structure. A "problem" is defined by constraints among the variables describing it. If knowledge about these constraints could be obtained a priori, this could be used to reduce the complexity of the ANN before training it. Systems theory literature contains methods for determining and representing structural aspects of constrained data (these methods are herein called GSM, general systems method). The suggestion here is to use the GSM model of the given data as a pattern for …

The Urban West And The Twenty-First Century, Carl Abbott

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

In 1964 Oregon novelist Ken Kesey published Sometimes a Great Notion, the impassioned story of a fiercely (even pathologically) independent family of loggers on the southern Oregon coast. The novel is much admired by Oregonians, who read it as a tribute to the vanishing American pioneer. The urban West appears only by implication in the form of a fumbling labor organizer who longs to return to the civilized cities of California. My argument is that what we see is what we're going to get. That is, the coming decades are likely to see the American West continue to work through …

Object Parallel Spatio-Temporal Analysis And Modeling System, David Bruce Rex

Dissertations and Theses

The dissertation will outline an object-oriented model from which a next-generation GIS can be derived. The requirements for a spatial information analysis and modeling system can be broken into three primary functional classes: data management (data classification and access), analysis (modeling, optimization, and simulation) and visualization (display of data). These three functional classes can be considered as the primary colors of the spectrum from which the different shades of spatial analysis are composed. Object classes will be developed which will be designed to manipulate the three primary functions as required by the user and the data.

State Policy And Public Administration Impacts On An Emerging Industry: The Wine Industry In Oregon And Washington, Anthony Gene White

Dissertations and Theses

Oregon and Washington state administrative agencies’ impacts on economic development within the winery industry are examined. Policy cluster development appears to impact economic development programs differently in each state. The wine industry has flourished in both states since 1970, yet Oregon with 60% of Washington's population supports 10% more wineries. Oregon winery numbers continue to grow while Washington’s seem to have leveled out. From the literature and industry interviews, three variables were selected to be tested for their industry impacts:

1. domestic consumption (state population times wine industry per-capita consumption);
2. market domination (estimated from interviews and proportional market share); and
3. net …

The Design Of High-Frequency Continuous-Time Integrated Analog Signal Processing Circuits, Pan Wu

Dissertations and Theses

High-performance, high-frequency operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) are very important elements in the design of high-frequency continuous-time integrated analog signal processing circuits, because resistors, inductors, integrators, mutators, buffers, multipliers, and filters can be built by OTAs and capacitors. The critical considerations for OTA design are linearity, tuning, frequency response, output impedance, power supply rejection (PSR) and common-mode rejection (CMR). For linearity considerations, two different methods are proposed. One uses cross-coupled pairs (CMOS or NMOS), producing OTAs with very high linearity but either the input range is relatively small or the CMR to asymmetrical inputs is poor. Another employs multiple differential pairs …

Vision, Interpersonal Orientation And Personal Values In Elementary School Principals, Allan Leslie Weston

Dissertations and Theses

This study looked at possible relationships which exist between three personal characteristics variables believed to be associated with effective leadership in elementary schools. The three variables were (1) Principal Vision, (2) Principal Interpersonal Orientation and, (3) Principal Personal Values. The relationship between selected teacher, principal and school demographic variables and teacher's perceptions of their principal's vision was also explored.

Data were collected from 51 principals and 841 teachers in elementary schools from 10 school districts in the Portland, Salem and Vancouver metropolitan areas. Teachers were asked to score their perceptions of their principal's vision on the School Vision Inventory. The …

A Validation Study Of Components Necessary For The Professional Development Of School Business Officials, William Henry Dierdorff Iii

Dissertations and Theses

A key element of a profession is a formalized training program. School business officials in the United States and Canada face dynamic and complex issues without a standardized training program. This study surveyed a representative group to validate a curriculum model developed by a 1988 task force funded by the Danforth Foundation. Another objective was to increase awareness of the need for an effective training program for school business officials and the most appropriate sources to implement that. As indicated in the analysis, all components of the ASBO/Danforth model were considered important to the parties surveyed. There was no single …

Perceived Administrative Support For Teachers Of Urban At-Risk Students, Betsy Bennet-Costi

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate effective administrative support for successful teachers of urban at-risk students. The main difficulty in studying administrative support is that it comes in so many ways. Johnson’s (1990) theory of workplace variables and Butterworth's (1981) social exchange theory were the basis for this study. Failures of at-risk students threaten the well being of public schools and have become a generally recognized social problem of national priority. This study explores how principals act to influence the success of teachers as they work with at-risk students. It is grounded in the following four assumptions: 1. …

Mechanism Of Calcium Release From Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Edmond Buck

Dissertations and Theses

The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is an intracellular membrane system dedicated to the active regulation of cytosolic calcium in muscle. The opening of Ca²⁺ channels in the SR results in a rapid increase in the myoplasmic Ca²⁺ concentration and the initiation of contraction. Closure of these channels allows the SR to re-accumulate the released Ca²⁺ which results in muscle relaxation. While it is known that a muscle fiber is stimulated to contract by the depolarization of the sarcolemma, it is not understood how this signal is communicated to the SR. The focus of this dissertation is twofold. The first objective is …

A Case Study Of The Acceptance Of The Tacoma-Pierce County Needle Exchange Program By Three Diverse Groups: Law Enforcement Personnel, Health Department Officials, And Program Clients (I.E., Intravenous Drug Users), Lauren Sue Ibrahim

Dissertations and Theses

Legitimate and underground needle exchange programs, specifically targeted for intravenous drug users (IVDUs) (i.e., currently the second largest risk group in the AIDS epidemic), have emerged in various locales in a desperate attempt to change their drug use practices and behaviors associated with the transmission of HIV-1/AIDS. This study focuses on one such program, the Tacoma-Pierce County Needle Exchange Program, in which the pioneering efforts of a private individual are provided, the manifestations of public entrepreneurism are examined, and in which various attributes of program acceptance are identified and explored. An introductory and exploratory case study approach is the research …

The Theory And Practice Of Community Policing: An Evaluation Of The Iris Court Demonstration Project, Charles Moose

Dissertations and Theses

This dissertation deals both with the theory and practice of community policing in the United States and elsewhere while focusing on a specific community policing project in Portland, Oregon. It discusses the history of police work in America, as well as that of the Portland Police Bureau. It also explicates the various meanings of "community policing," along with the problems and issues that have surfaced as the community policing movement has evolved. The research reported here was based on a project conducted by the Portland Police Bureau and numerous supporting agencies. The project was inaugurated in May 1990 with the …

Urbanization In A Peripheral Capitalist State: A Guyana Case Study, Wazir Ahmad Ishmael

Dissertations and Theses

This research proposes to examine the process of urbanization in Guyana, South America. In particular, the objectives of this research are threefold. The first is to identify, describe, and evaluate some of the historic and current causes of urban growth and urbanization which have taken place in a peripheral capitalist state that was under the plantation mode and that illustrates a legacy of "uneven development." The second objective is to attempt to assess planning responses, through attempts by the state to formulate policies to deal more effectively with urbanization. And the third objective is to contribute to a dialogue between …

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation Of The Interaction Of Heme Binding Proteins With Snivprotoporphyrin Ix And Heme: Structure And Conformational Changes Of Myoglobin And Hemopexin, Ruba Saba Deeb

Dissertations and Theses

Tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP) is currently under investigation for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. The study of the complex between SnPP and equine myoglobin (EqMb) by ¹H and ¹¹⁹Sn nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) can be viewed as a general model for SnPP interaction with hemoproteins. The complex formed from the equilibrium mixture of SnPP and EqMb, SnPP•EqMb, was found to have essentially the same porphyrin-binding pocket as EqMbCO and SwMbCO, including the same porphyrin orientation in the major form of the two species. ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectroscopy was used to demonstrate that the proximal His(93)F8-metal coordination is likely to be intact …

Portland State Magazine, Portland State University. Office Of University Communications

Portland State Magazine

PSU’s alumni magazine, published 2-3 times a year. In this issue: The Pacific Northwest is ripe for a major quake in the not-so-distant future; layoffs and job cutbacks will persist in the new administration, but this may not be the best way for companies to go; does the Metropolitan Service District represent a loss of local control or a boon for delivery of regional services?; a PSU alumna has helped organize diaries from the Oregon Trail as a volunteer for the Oregon Historical Society; and more.

Lents: A Neighborhood Issues Analysis, Portland State University

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

This document was prepared by graduate students at Portland State University in partial fulfillment of the Master of Urban and Regional Planning Degree. A comprehensive planning workshop was held during the Fall and Winter quarters of the 1992-1993 academic year. Workshop topics included an issues analysis during fall quarter and alternatives analysis during winter quarter. The alternatives analysis is still in progress and only this draft of the issues analysis is available at this time.

The purpose of this document is to assist in defining critical issues for the Lents neighborhood. In November of 1992, local citizens participated in a …

Annual Faculty Senate Minutes October 1993 - June 1994, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Annual Compilations of the Faculty Senate Minutes (Minutes Only)

Minutes of the Faculty Senate for October 1993 to June 1994.

Space, Consciousness, And Gender In Colette, William A. Parnell

Dissertations and Theses

Colette's desire, to reveal the different levels of difficulties in relationships, results in the creation of three masterpieces, L e Ble en Herbe, La Chatte, and La Vagabonde. Through her characters in these novels, the author exposes the spatial boundaries set by each couple. Also, she concentrates on the maturation of the protagonists. The woman's function in society transforms as she gains personal power, and she becomes self-reliant. Finally, Colette evades sexual stereotyping by introducing the reader to the issues of gender and androgyny. She helps to dispel the sexual myths around the. idea of normal stereotyping. Themes such as …

When Will A Genetic Algorithm Outperform Hill-Climbing?, Melanie Mitchell, John H. Holland

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper we review some previously published experimental results in which a simple hillclimbing algorithm-Random Mutation Hill-Climbing (RMHC)-significantly outperforms a genetic algorithm on a simple "Royal Road" function. vVe present an analysis of RMHC followed by an analysis of an "idealized" genetic algorithm (IGA) that is in turn significantly faster than RMHC. We isolate the features of the IGA that allow for this speedup, and discuss how these features can be incorporated into a real GA and a fitness landscape, making the GA better approximate the IGA. We use these features to design a modified version of the previously …

Pump And Signal Cross Saturation In Cw Dye Lasers, Lee W. Casperson, A. C. Wilson, W. J. Sandle

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

It is well known that the signal output intensity from a dye laser oscillator depends directly on the pump intensity. The opposite effect, the dependence of the transmitted pump intensity on the signal intensity, is studied in detail. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data obtained using an argon‐laser‐pumped rhodamine 6G dye laser.

When Mathematicians And Mathematics Teachers Come Together, Ronald B. Narode

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

In accordance with recommendations from educators and educational researchers [Wilcox, et a!, 1991; Schwab, 1976], recent attempts to integrate the communities of professional mathematicians and high school mathematics teachers in the U.S A. have resulted in several summer institutes which bring these groups together for up to four weeks. Through living, working, and studying together, the two normally disparate groups are expected to develop a dialogue for the mutual benefit of the participants and for their students. The present study of one such institute was conducted with the use of interviews of the participants, examination of some of the teachers' …

A Study Of Dynamic Optimization Techniques: Lessons And Directions In Kernel Design, Calton Pu, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Synthesis kernel [21,22,23,27,28] showed that dynamic code generation, software feedback, and fine-grain modular kernel organization are useful implementation techniques for improving the performance of operating system kernels. In addition, and perhaps more importantly, we discovered that there are strong interactions between the techniques. Hence, a careful and systematic combination of the techniques can be very powerful even though each one by itself may have serious limitations. By identifying these interactions we illustrate the problems of applying each technique in isolation to existing kernels. We also highlight the important common under-pinnings of the Synthesis experience and present our ideas on …

Revisiting The Edge Of Chaos: Evolving Cellular Automata To Perform Computations, Melanie Mitchell, Peter T. Hraber, James P. Crutchfield

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

An Implementation Analysis Of The Water Resources Development Act Of 1986, James Joseph Rich

Dissertations and Theses

Implementation research, an area once largely ignored in favor of policy design and impact assessment, now constitutes a significant portion of the policy analysis literature. One of the key issues addressed by the theory building portion of that literature is the necessity of precisely identifying implementation variables, conditions, or actions that measurably contribute to the success or failure of implementation efforts over a broad range of policies and programs, and to then suggest some order of significance. In order to test the validity of a variable set proposed by the literature, a multivariate implementation model was employed as the basis …

Speaker Preferences Of Listening Behaviors That Lead To Perceived Listening : A Pre-Condition Of Perceived Understanding, Christine M. Carpenter

Dissertations and Theses

When attempting to communicate with another person, the success or failure that a communicator perceives, he or she interprets as understanding or misunderstanding. Research has shown that "perceived understanding" or the "feeling of being understood" is important in self-concept development. However, for some time researchers have focused on the listener's needs and the speaker's needs have been given less attention. Yet, the listener's role in meeting the speaker's needs, particularly in providing feedback to the speaker, is of utmost importance if the speaker is to have the "feeling of being understood." This research examined the concept of the "feeling of …

Faculty Senate Monthly Packet December 1992, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Monthly Packets

The December 1992 Monthly packet includes the December agenda and appendices and the Faculty Senate minutes and attachments from the meeting held November 1992.

A Comparison Of Developmental Sentence Score Patterns In Three Groups Of Preschool Children, Michelle Lynn Riback

Dissertations and Theses

Researchers have successfully labeled specific patterns of expressive language development as it appears in children developing language normally. Little research has identified particular patterns of expressive language in children who display expressive language disorders or delays. Longitudinal studies of expressively language impaired children indicate that linguistic, educational and social impairments exist long after the language impairment was first identified (Aram, Eckelman and Nation, 1984; Aram and Nation, 1980; Fundudis, Kolvin and Garside, 1979; Stark, Berstein, Condino, Bender, Tallal and Catts, 1984). If patterns of delayed or disordered language development are researched and possibly labeled in the early stages of language …

Perceptions Of China And The Chinese People In The British Periodical And Newspaper Press, 1860-1900, William M. Stegemeyer

Dissertations and Theses

Few historians have examined the portrayals of China by British writers during the nineteenth century. Although Britain lead all other western powers in the penetration, exploration and exploitation of the Chinese Empire during the nineteenth century, British perceptions of China, particularly during the critical final decades of the century, have only been presented as small parts of larger comprehensive surveys of western images of China. Historians agree that as a result of Britain's active role in China, British writers were the leading transmitters of information about China to the West, especially after the formal 'opening' of China by treaty after …

A Comparative Media Study Of How Aids-Related News Is Reported In Mainstream And Alternative Presses, Robert Eugene Schlick

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis examines the reporting of AIDS-related news in both mainstream and alternative newspapers. This research suggests that mainstream newspapers, such as the New York Times, frame news stories in certain ways. Specifically, this study suggests that news about AIDS will be framed in ways which trivialize and/or marginalize those most affected by AIDS. The thesis also posits that the mainstream press will frame AIDS-related news in ways which support their own interests. Additionally, this research suggests that alternative presses, such as the Advocate, will frame their reporting of AIDS-related news in ways which support their interests.

The mainstream newspaper …

Compiling Ace For Distributed-Memory Machines, Jun Song

Dissertations and Theses

Distributed-memory machines offer a very high level of performance, flexibility and scalability. But the memory organization of this kind of machine determines that processes on different processors must communicate explicitly by sending and receiving messages. As a result, the programmer faces the enormously difficult task of detailed planning of algorithm-irrelevant, low-level communication issues. This level of programming resembles writing assembly programs for a sequential machine.

ACE is a message-passing language with abstract communication statements. It was defined by Dr. Jingke Li at Portland State University. The communication in ACE is still explicit, but it is abstracted to a higher level. …