Digital Commons Network^™

Joint Force Quarterly 60 (1st Quarter, January 2011), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Assessing Military Benefits Of S&T Investments In Micro Autonomous Systems Utilizing A Gedanken Experiment, Albert Sciarretta, Joseph N. Mait, Richard Chait, Elizabeth Redden, Jordan Willcox

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper address The Army Research Laboratory’s Micro-Autonomous Systems and Technology Collaborative Technology Alliance program which was chosen to demonstrate the utility of the methodology in the evaluation of an actual Army S&T effort. It was chosen because it offers significant future capabilities for our Army, provides a set of very robust present-day technical challenges, and offers a significant assessment challenge since it is focused on basic research.

New Directions In U.S. National Security Strategy, Defense Plans, And Diplomacy: A Review Of Official Strategic Documents, Richard L. Kugler

Books and Book Chapters

Where are U.S. national security strategy, defense plans, and diplomacy headed in the coming years? An answer to this important question comes from seven official studies that have been issued during 2010.

Policing And Coin Operations: Lessons Learned, Strategies And Future Directions, Samuel Musa, John Morgan, Matt Keegan, Arif Alikhan, Brian Berrey, James Keagle, Drew Lomax, Robert Perito, James Schear

Books and Book Chapters

A monograph that grasped the need to expand the focus of the role of policing in counterinsurgency, and considering the framework for the desired outcome to influence policymakers on the future directions of the role of policing.

Getting Beyond Taiwan? Chinese Foreign Policy And Pla Modernization, Michael A. Glosny

Strategic Forums

Since the mid-1990s, China’s military modernization has focused on deterring Taiwan independence and preparing for a military response if deterrence fails. Given China’s assumption of U.S. intervention in a Taiwan conflict, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has been developing military capabilities to deter, delay, and disrupt U.S. military support operations. The 2008 election of Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou, however, has contributed to improved cross-strait economic and political cooperation and dramatically reduced the threat of Taiwan independence and war across the Taiwan Strait. Cooperation has included full restoration of direct shipping, flights, and mail across the strait, Taiwan’s participation in the …

The Surge: General Petraeus And The Turnaround In Iraq, William A. Knowlton , Jr.

NDU Case Studies

When General David H. Petraeus, USA, took command of Multi-National Force–Iraq (MNF–I) on February 10, 2007, beginning his 3d tour and 28th month in Iraq, the situation was grim. Increasing sectarian violence had led to an escalation of killings of civilians in Iraq, with up to 150 corpses being found daily in Baghdad.1 The government of Prime Minister Nouri alMaliki was viewed by almost everyone as ineffective at best, and the U.S. military strategy was not well defined and clearly not working. Iraq appeared to be sliding out of control toward civil war or disintegration, and the United States appeared …

China’S Out Of Area Naval Operations: Case Studies, Trajectories, Obstacles, And Potential Solutions, Christopher D. Yung, Ross Rustici, Isaac Kardon, Joshua Wiseman

China Strategic Perspectives

This study seeks to understand the future direction of the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) with regard to out of area deployments and power projection. The assessment is based on the history of past PLAN out of area deployments and an analysis of out of area operations of other military forces. Both short- and long-term lenses are employed to understand the scope and direction of China’s defense planning and strategic decisions.

The study’s assessment of the PLAN’s short-term (1- to 5-year) trajectory is based on:

• operational patterns of behavior observed in China’s out of area deployments
• analysis of information about …

Global Commons And Domain Interrelationships: Time For A New Conceptual Framework?, Mark E. Redden, Michael P. Hughes

Strategic Forums

This Strategic Forum argues that U.S. national security strategy must evolve to address challenges across the global commons — including the sea, air, space, and cyber domains — which are increasingly contested by state and non-state actors. The authors propose a new conceptual framework for understanding domain interrelationships and how operations in one domain can affect access and security in others. By emphasizing assured access and cross-domain integration, the paper outlines strategic and policy implications for defense planning, operational readiness, and long-term deterrence in an interconnected global threat environment.

Joint Force Quarterly 59 (4th Quarter, October 2010), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Future Foreign Perceptions Of Chemical Weapons Utility, John P. Caves , Jr.

WMD Proceedings

It is inherently speculative to address future foreign perceptions of chemical weapons (CW) utility. This is not only because it concerns things that may be, rather than things that already are, but also because those who might be considering or already pursuing CW capabilities for the future will not be openly sharing their views. Classified sources and assessments also cannot be addressed in this unclassified forum. This paper, therefore, offers some educated guesses about how rational actors might view the future utility of CW on the basis of open source information about relevant technological trends and assumptions about pertinent aspects …

Hours Of Boredom, Moments Of Terror: Temporal Desynchrony In Military And Security Force Operations, Peter A. Hancock, Gerald P. Krueger

Defense and Technology Papers

The authors examine resultant psychological and behavioral implications for combatant and security personnel performance as viewed through application of a traditional human psychological stress model. Inadequate recognition of the implications resulting from long lull periods, combat pulses, and the need to recover from stress can lead to dysfunctional soldiering as well as poor individual and small unit performance.

Bio-Inspired Innovation And National Security, Robert E. Armstrong, Mark D. Drapeau, Cheryl A. Loeb, James J. Valdes

Books

Despite various treaties and protocols, offensive biological weapons use has continued to this day, with the anthrax attacks of 2001 being the most recent incident. Such activity has led to a strong defensive program, with medical science developing numerous countermeasures that have benefited both civilian and military populations.

Private Contractors In Conflict Zones: The Good, The Bad, And The Strategic Impact, T.X. Hammes

Strategic Forums

In Iraq and Afghanistan, the use of contractors reached a level unprecedented in U.S. military operations. As of March 31, 2010, the United States deployed 175,000 troops and 207,000 contractors in the war zones. Contractors represented 50 percent of the Department of Defense (DOD) workforce in Iraq and 59 percent in Afghanistan. These numbers include both armed and unarmed contractors. Thus, for the purposes of this paper, the term contractor includes both armed and unarmed personnel unless otherwise specified. The presence of contractors on the battlefield is obviously not a new phenomenon but has dramatically increased from the ratio of …

Prism Vol. 1, No. 4, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

PRISM is published by the National Defense University Press for the Center for Complex Operations. PRISM is a security studies journal chartered to inform members of U.S. Federal Agencies, allies, and other partners on complex and integrated national security operations; reconstruction and nationbuilding; relevant policy and strategy; lessons learned; and developments in training and education to transform America’s security and development apparatus to meet tomorrow’s challenges better while promoting freedom today.

Islamic Radicalization In The United States: New Trends And A Proposed Methodology For Disruption, Samuel Musa, Samuel Bendett

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper addresses the growing and evolving threat of domestic terrorism that is advocated and perpetrated by radical Islamic ideologues. Specifically it will review terrorist attempts on American soil and against the American population in order to offer recommendations.

Improving The Army’S Next Effort In Technology Forecasting, John W. Lyons, Richard Chait, Simone Erchov

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper makes the case for approaches to be pursued when the Army conducts its next comprehensive S&T forecasting effort.

The 71f Advantage: Applying Army Research Psychology For Health And Performance Gains, Paul T. Bartone, Ross H. Pastel, Mark A. Vaitkus

Books

This book grew out of paper presentations and discussions at the Army Research Psychology Biennial Conference held April 24–25, 2008, in Bethesda, Maryland. It provides a snapshot of groundbreaking research currently being done by Army research psychologists around the globe. The book illuminates the many contributions of Army research psychologists to supporting Soldiers and their families, as well as enhancing their performance and wellbeing.

Joint Force Quarterly 58 (3rd Quarter, July 2010), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Prism Vol. 1, No. 3, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

PRISM is published by the National Defense University Press for the Center for Complex Operations. PRISM is a security studies journal chartered to inform members of U.S. Federal Agencies, allies, and other partners on complex and intewated national security operations; reconstruction and nationbuilding; relevant policy and strategy; lessons learned; and developments in training and education to transform America's security and development apparatus to meet tomorrow's challenges better while promoting freedom today.

Prioritizing Strategic Interests In South Asia, Robert B. Oakley, T.X. Hammes

Strategic Forums

The focus on the war in Afghanistan has prevented the United States from developing a South Asia strategy rooted in the relative strategic importance of the nations in the region. India, a stable democracy enjoying rapid growth, clearly has the most potential as a strategic partner. Pakistan, as the home of al Qaeda leadership and over 60 nuclear weapons, is the greatest threat to regional stability and growth. Yet Afghanistan absorbs the vast majority of U.S. effort in the region. The United States needs to develop a genuine regional strategy. This paper argues that making the economic growth and so- …

Africa’S Irregular Security Threats: Challenges For U.S. Engagement, Andre Le Sage

Strategic Forums

This paper provides an overview of Africa’s irregular, nonstate threats, followed by an analysis of their strategic implications for regional peace and stability, as well as the national security interests of the United States. After reviewing the elements of the emerging international consensus on how best to address these threats, the conclusion highlights a number of new and innovative tools that can be used to build political will on the continent to confront these security challenges. This paper is intended as a background analysis for those who are new to the African continent, as well as a source of detailed …

Joint Force Quarterly 57 (2nd Quarter, April 2010), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Prism Vol. 1, No. 2, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

PRISM is published by the National Defense University Press for the Center for Complex Operations. PRISM is a security studies journal chartered to inform members of U.S. Federal Agencies, allies, and other partners on complex and integrated national security operations; reconstruction and nationbuilding; relevant policy and strategy; lessons learned; and developments in training and education to transform America’s security and development apparatus to meet tomorrow’s challenges better while promoting freedom today.

Joint Force Quarterly 56 (1st Quarter, January 2010), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

U.S. Withdrawal From The Antiballistic Missile Treaty, Lynn F. Rusten

WMD Case Studies

As President George W. Bush made these remarks in a speech at the National Defense University (NDU) on May 1, 2001, National Security Council (NSC) Senior Director for Proliferation Strategy, Counterproliferation, and Homeland Defense Robert Joseph listened attentively. Within just 4 months of taking office, President Bush was articulating one of his key national security priorities: setting the conditions for the United States to move full steam ahead on developing, testing, and eventually deploying a wide range of missile defense technologies and systems—a priority that in all likelihood would mean U.S. withdrawal from the 1972 Antiballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty.

Forecasting Science And Technology For The Department Of Defense, John W. Lyons, Richard Chait, James J. Valdes

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper discusses recent trends in S&T, particularly how various disciplines have converged to produce new capabilities, and considers how a new series of studies might be conducted taking into account such convergences.

Star–Tides And Starfish Networks: Supporting Stressed Populations With Distributed Talent, Linton Wells Ii, Walker Hardy, Vinay Gupta, Daniel Noon

Defense Horizons

The Department of Defense increasingly is involved in postwar stabilization and reconstruction, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief missions, capacity-building of partner nations at home and abroad, and other such complex operations. To provide sustainable support to stressed populations in these environments, an international, networked, knowledge-sharing research project called Sustainable Technologies, Accelerated Research–Transformative Innovation for Development and Emergency Support (STAR–TIDES)¹ encourages innovative approaches to public-private collaboration, whole-of-government solutions, and transnational engagement. It leverages a distributed network of people and organizations to conduct research, support real world contingencies, and bridge gaps among disparate communities.

Prism Vol. 1, No. 1, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

Welcome to PRISM, a national security journal tailored to serve policymakers, scholars, and practitioners working to enhance U.S. Government competency in complex operations. PRISM explores the analysis, planning, and implementation of community-wide approaches to the three Ds—Defense, Diplomacy, and Development—and provides a forum for U.S. Government agencies, academic institutions, foreign governments, allied militaries, nongovernmental organizations, and other participants in the complex operations arena. PRISM is chartered to study, promote, and reinforce emerging thought and best practices as civilian capacity increases in stability, reconstruction, security, counterinsurgency, and irregular warfare operations. PRISM complements Joint Force Quarterly, chartered by General Colin …

Crosscutting Issues In International Transformation: Interactions And Innovations Among People, Organizations, Processes, And Technology, Derrick J. Neal, Henrik Friman, Ralph Doughty, Linton Wells Ii

Books

This book is a compilation of papers presented at the International Transformation Conference in Stockholm, Sweden on June 2-3, 2009. The conference was hosted by the Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI. The papers are organized according to the categories of culture, interagency, transformation initiatives, leadership, and adaptive organizations.

The complexities of the task make definitions of transformation a challenge and often open to debate. The unpredictable nature of the future international security environment defies a tightly bounded definition so the International Transformation Chairs have adopted an inclusive description: “Transformation is a process that shapes the changing nature of competition and …

Joint Force Quarterly 55 (4th Quarter, October 2009), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.