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Joint Force Quarterly 43 (4th Quarter, October 2006), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Overcoming The S&T Assessment Uncertainty Principle: An Approach To Enterprise-Wide Assessment Of The Dod S&T Program, Timothy Coffey, Elihu Zimet, Fred E. Saalfeld, Timothy Lo

Defense and Technology Papers

This study examines why the sum of all the reviews of the relevance, viability, and productivity of the S&T program of the DoD does not constitute an assessment of the entire DoD S&T enterprise and examines the prospects for rectifying this situation.

Solutions For Northern Kosovo: Lessons Learned In Mostar, Eastern Slavonia, And Brcko, Hans Binnendijk, Charles L. Barry, Gina Cordero, Laura Peterson Nussbaum, Melissa Sinclair

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper examines three similar cases to the issues in Kososvo that were managed by the international community. By looking at the results of these three cases a decade or more after they began, this paper attempts to shed light on the options for Mitrovica, Kosovo. In order to do this, members of the CTNSP staff traveled to these areas to gather firsthand information relating to this problem.

An Ict Primer: Information And Communication Technologies For Civil-Military Coordination In Disaster Relief And Stabilization And Reconstruction, Larry Wentz

Defense and Technology Papers

This primer presents current knowledge and best practices in creating a collaborative, civil-military, information environment to support data collection, communications, collaboration, and information-sharing needs in disaster situations and complex emergencies.

Joint Force Quarterly 42 (3rd Quarter, July 2006), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Countering Terrorism Across The Atlantic?, Kimberley L. Thachuk

Defense Horizons

Differences in strategic vision and concepts of security are central to the U.S. and European Union (EU) approaches to counterterrorism. While the United States conceives of a war against terrorism, Europe does not. As a result of different perceptions of the threat, both sides of the Atlantic take divergent approaches to homeland security. Europeans tend to favor the use of a law enforcement strategy over a warfighting approach. Meanwhile, the U.S. administration believes that a quasi-militaristic, overtly proactive, and highly vigilant stance will serve as the best deterrent to future attacks. By their own standards, Europeans are doing more to …

Battle Wise: Seeking Time-Information Superiority In Networked Warfare, David C. Gompert, Irving Lachow, Justin Perkins

Books

This book is an inquiry into the possibility of improving the operational thinking and decisionmaking of U.S. military individuals, teams, and forces who fight for their nation. The unstoppable spread of information networking and know-how gives rise to the need for a new edge—one that utilizes but transcends networks—by developing people, teams, and decisionmaking methods that convert information into better choices and outcomes. We call this new edge battle-wisdom and form a view of the need for and nature of battle-wise people, forces, and decisionmaking.

Joint Force Quarterly 41 (2nd Quarter, April 2006), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Creating A Nato Special Operations Force, David C. Gompert, Raymond C. Smith

Defense Horizons

In the post-9/11 security environment, special operations forces (SOF) have proven indispensable. SOF units are light, lethal, mobile, and easily networked with other forces. While the United States and its North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies have extensive SOF capabilities, these forces are not formally organized to collaborate with one another. There would be much to gain if U.S. and allied SOF trained to work together: national SOF assets would be improved, obstacles to effective combined operations would be removed, and a coherent Alliance capability would be readily available for NATO.

The Alliance can focus and grow its SOF capabilities …

Issues In Air Force Science And Technology Funding, Donald C. Daniel

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper looks at several issues surrounding future Air Force S&T and offers some suggestions for the future. It also looks at the framework of Air Force science and technology and a long-term history of Air Force S&T funding.

Implementing Dod’S International Science And Technology Strategy, Donald C. Daniel, Cheryl Loeb

Defense and Technology Papers

As can be seen from the recently released “International Science and Technology Strategy for the United States Department of Defense,” the network for worldwide sharing of defense S&T information is vast, and the new strategy provides an excellent framework to maximize this potential. This paper provides some specific thoughts on implementation and how certain steps might benefit all involved.

Joint Force Quarterly 40 (1st Quarter, January 2006), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Constabulary Forces And Postconflict Transition: The Euro-Atlantic Dimension, David T. Armitage Jr., Anne M. Moisan

Strategic Forums

Since the early 1990s, multinational stabilization efforts in the wake of conflicts or major natural disasters have repeatedly encountered problems in filling the so-called security gap. In places such as Bosnia, Kosovo, Haiti, Afghanistan, Iraq, and elsewhere, outside interveners have faced a compelling need to use specialized capabilities that can fill the gap between the point where military operations—whether for combat, peacekeeping, or counterinsurgency—leave off and community-based policing activities pick up. In particular, ensuring a capacity to manage and defuse civil disturbances and other threats to public order has become a sine qua non for overall mission success.¹

Sweden’S Use Of Commercial Information Technology For Military Applications, Franklin D. Kramer, John C. Cittadino

Defense Horizons

Sweden, a nation of only 9 million people with a political climate that has fostered a posture of nonalignment for over half a century, has nevertheless maintained highly credible, modern, and high-technology military forces. Sweden has expanded the mission of forces originally designed for the Cold War to include international peacekeeping. The focus of this study is the Swedish formula for achieving the high-technology military capabilities that successfully compensate for a small standing force. What policies and processes enabled the Swedish military to take advantage of leading-edge producers of commercial information technology (CIT)? What lessons does the Swedish model hold …

Russia And Nato: Increased Interaction In Defense Research And Technology, Donald C. Daniel, Michael I. Yarymovych

Defense Horizons

As a member of both the Partnership for Peace and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)–Russia Council (NRC), Russia enjoys remarkable status in an alliance formed principally to counter Soviet aggression. Active participation in one additional element of NATO—the Research and Technology Organization (RTO)—would offer unique opportunities to enhance relationships and mutual security. The RTO is the largest organization of its type in the world, has an extremely active program of work, and is eager to work with Russia.

Enhanced cooperation between NATO and Russia in defense-related research and technology would not be easy. Mistrust is an obstacle, as is …

The Nato Response Force: Facilitating Coalition Warfare Through Technology Transfer And Information Sharing, Jeffrey P. Bialos, Stuart L. Koehl

Defense and Technology Papers

This study is an examination of the issues associated with transferring U.S. technology and information needed for standing up such an advanced force for early entry into high-intensity conflicts. It also makes a number of additional observations about the nature of 21st century coalition warfighting, the centrality of network-centric warfare to coalition operations, and the importance and complexity of improving force interoperability in an increasingly network-centric environment.

Sustaining U.S.-European Global Security Cooperation, Stephen J. Flanagan

Strategic Forums

Many on both sides of the Atlantic hope that European-American relations will resume a more civil and cooperative course in the aftermath of differences over Iraq. President George W. Bush’s visit to Europe in February 2005 and subsequent initiatives suggest that restoring transatlantic security cooperation will be a priority of the administration. Given the acrimony in official exchanges and the vilification in popular media over the past 2 years, not to mention lingering differences over strategy and policy, the wounds will not heal quickly. If both sides take steps to enhance consultations and are willing to make policy adjustments, however, …

Making It Happen: Transforming Military Information Technology, Joseph N. Mait

Defense and Technology Papers

This report is a primer for commercial providers to gain some understanding of the military’s thinking about military information technology and some of the programs it foresees for the future. The intent is to introduce those not presently involved in the development of military information technology to some of the things and programs being developed by the DoD for deployment in the next five to ten years.

Harnessing The Interagency For Complex Operations, Neyla Arnas, Charles L. Barry, Robert B. Oakley

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper attempts to catalogue and describe the known models for interagency cooperation for stabilization and reconstruction (S&R) operations. The models in existence and under discussion can be grouped in terms of their focus on different aspects of the interagency process, as well as on different aspects of S&R.

U.S.-Australia Alliance Relations: An Australian View, Paul Dibb

Strategic Forums

Australia is America’s oldest friend and ally in the Asia-Pacific region. The two countries fought alongside each other in World War I, World War II, Korea, Vietnam, the 1991 Gulf War, and most recently in Afghanistan and Iraq. The closeness of the two nations today is without precedent in the history of the relationship. Australia is now America’s second closest ally in the world, after the United Kingdom.

Joint Force Quarterly 38 (3rd Quarter, July 2005), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Learning From Darfur: Building A Net-Capable African Force To Stop Mass Killing, David C. Gompert, Courtney Richardson, Clifford H. Bernath, Richard L. Kugler

Defense and Technology Papers

The purpose of this report is to explore one particularly promising model of combat force to intervene in Africa to stop mass killings and other atrocities. Its conclusion is that networking concepts and technologies that were effective in Afghanistan and Iraq can be used by Africans with intensive external help to field a capability for forcible humanitarian intervention.

A New Military Framework For Nato, Hans Binnendijk, David C. Gompert, Richard L. Kugler

Defense Horizons

Although Americans and Europeans do not always agree on political strategies in the Middle East, they have a compelling reason to reach an accord on the need to strengthen North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military forces for future operations in that region and elsewhere. If adequate military capabilities are lacking, the Alliance will not be able to act even when its political leaders agree on the need to do so. But if it creates such capabilities, it will be able to act either ad hoc or across the board if a common political strategy eventually were to emerge.

This article …

Insurgency: Modern Warfare Evolves Into A Fourth Generation, T.X. Hammes

Strategic Forums

On May 1, 2003, President George W. Bush declared the end of major combat in Iraq. While most Americans rejoiced at this announcement, students of history understood that it simply meant the easy part was over. In the following months, peace did not break out, and the troops did not come home. In fact, Iraqi insurgents have struck back hard. Instead of peace, each day Americans read about the death of another soldier, the detonation of deadly car bombs, the assassination of civilians, and Iraqi unrest.

Military Transformation And Joint Experimentation: Two Views From Above, Harold W. Gehman Jr., James M. Dubik

Defense Horizons

Military transformation— “a process that shapes the changing nature of military competition and cooperation through new combinations of concepts, capabilities, people and organizations”— is on the minds and agendas of everyone dealing with the military. Many people talk about transformation; the two authors of this Defense Horizons have done something about it. In fact, they are among the few who have been responsible for shaping and implementing the concept. To get a better idea of what goes into this process, particularly the element of joint experimentation that is helping to identify and define the nature of change, Defense Horizons presents …

Apocalyptic Terrorism: The Case For Preventive Action, Joseph Mcmillan

Strategic Forums

This policy brief examines the growing threat posed by apocalyptic, religiously motivated terrorist movements, particularly al Qaeda, and argues that their ideology, intent, and capabilities require a reassessment of international norms governing the use of force. Unlike earlier terrorist groups constrained by political objectives, apocalyptic terrorists seek mass casualties and reject traditional limits on violence, making purely reactive or law-enforcement approaches inadequate. The brief contends that under certain circumstances states must retain the ability to take preventive action, including military operations on foreign territory, when governments are unwilling or unable to suppress terrorist threats within their borders. Drawing on principles …

Needed—A Nato Stabilization And Reconstruction Force, Hans Binnendijk, Richard L. Kugler

Defense Horizons

At the Istanbul Summit in June 2004 , NATO endorsed the further transformation of military capabilities to make them “more modern, more usable, and more deployable to carry out the full range of Alliance missions.” The Istanbul Communiqué especially called for continuing progress on the NATO Response Force and the Prague Capabilities Commitments.

To accomplish this, NATO needs a new initiative for its defense agenda: creation of better forces and capabilities for stabilization and reconstruction (S&R) operations outside Europe, including the greater Middle East. The real challenge is to reorganize, refocus, and rebalance current assets so that NATO can respond …

Shaping U.S. Policy On Africa: Pillars Of A New Strategy, Johnnie Carson

Strategic Forums

In the four decades since most African states achieved independence, the continent has never been a foreign policy priority for the United States. During the early years of American engagement with Africa, Washington focused its attention on preventing communist countries from gaining major military bases or monopolistic concessions over any of the continent’s important strategic minerals. Although the United States provided large amounts of development assistance and food aid to a number of African states, most American interest and support was directed toward African countries and leaders who were regarded as Cold War allies. In those countries still struggling for …

Nato Technology: From Gap To Divergence?, Donald C. Daniel

Defense Horizons

A widening technology gap between the United States and other NATO members will challenge the ability of NATO to function as a cohesive, multinational force. Over several decades, great disparities in the funding of defense research and technology by NATO members has produced a widening technological gap that threatens to become a divergence—a condition from which the Alliance may not be able to recover. The technology gap, in turn, is creating a capabilities gap that undercuts the operational effectiveness of NATO forces, including the new NATO Response Force.

With only slight modifications (not additions) to current total defense expenditures, and …

At The Crossroads: Counterproliferation And National Security Strategy, Center For Counterproliferation Research

Books and Book Chapters

The continued proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) represents the most serious threat to U.S. national security and an enormous challenge for the entire international community. In the hands of rogue states, failing states, or substate terrorist groups, these weapons threaten not only U.S. forces, friends, and allies abroad, but also the U.S. homeland. Rogue states armed with WMD threaten the security of regions that are vital to the United States and raise the costs and risks of U.S. military operations intended to protect those interests. Forming international coalitions to defend shared interests is also more difficult in the …