Digital Commons Network^™

Measurements Of Dermal Uptake Of Nicotine Directly From Air And Clothing, G. Bekö, Glenn Morrison, C. J. Weschler, H. M. Koch, C. Pälmke, T. Salthammer, T. Schripp, J. Toftum, G. Clausen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this preliminary study, we have investigated whether dermal uptake of nicotine directly from air or indirectly from clothing can be a meaningful exposure pathway. Two participants wearing only shorts and a third participant wearing clean cotton clothes were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), generated by mechanically "smoking" cigarettes, for three hours in a chamber while breathing clean air from head-enveloping hoods. The average nicotine concentration (420 μg/m3) was comparable to the highest levels reported for smoking sections of pubs. Urine samples were collected immediately before exposure and 60-hour post-exposure for bare-skinned participants. For the clothed participant, post-exposure urine …

Virtual Resonant Emission And Oscillatory Long-Range Tails In Van Der Waals Interactions Of Excited States: Qedtreatment And Applications, Ulrich D. Jentschura, Chandra Mani Adhikari, Vincent Debierre

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report on a quantum electrodynamic (QED) investigation of the interaction between a ground state atom with another atom in an excited state. General expressions, applicable to any atom, are indicated for the long-range tails that are due to virtual resonant emission and absorption into and from vacuum modes whose frequency equals the transition frequency to available lower-lying atomic states. For identical atoms, one of which is in an excited state, we also discuss the mixing term that depends on the symmetry of the two-atom wave function (these evolve into either the gerade or the ungerade state for close approach), …

Calibration Of The Advanced Ligo Detectors For The Discovery Of The Binary Black-Hole Merger Gw150914, Benjamin P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In Advanced LIGO, detection and astrophysical source parameter estimation of the binary black hole merger GW150914 requires a calibrated estimate of the gravitational-wave strain sensed by the detectors. Producing an estimate from each detector's differential arm length control loop readout signals requires applying time domain filters, which are designed from a frequency domain model of the detector's gravitational-wave response. The gravitational-wave response model is determined by the detector's opto-mechanical response and the properties of its feedback control system. The measurements used to validate the model and characterize its uncertainty are derived primarily from a dedicated photon radiation pressure actuator, with …

Directional Limits On Persistent Gravitational Waves From Advanced Ligos First Observing Run, Benjamin P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We employ gravitational-wave radiometry to map the stochastic gravitational wave background expected from a variety of contributing mechanisms and test the assumption of isotropy using data from the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory's (aLIGO) first observing run. We also search for persistent gravitational waves from point sources with only minimal assumptions over the 20-1726 Hz frequency band. Finding no evidence of gravitational waves from either point sources or a stochastic background, we set limits at 90% confidence. For broadband point sources, we report upper limits on the gravitational wave energy flux per unit frequency in the range F_{αΘ …}

Sure: A Novel Approach For Self Healing Battery Starved Users Using Energy Harvesting, Mohamed Y. Selim, Ahmad Alsharoa, Ahmed E. Kamal, Mohammed Alnuem

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting holds a promising future for energizing low power mobile devices in next generation wireless networks. Harvesting from a dedicated RF energy source acquires much more energy than simply harvesting from ambient RF sources. In this paper, novel Self-healing of Users equipment by RF Energy transfer scheme is introduced between the network operator and battery starved users to heal and extend their battery life time by sending dedicated energy from different sources in order to be aggregated and harvested by starved users. This approach depends on the concept of Energy as a Service where the network …

Evaluation Of Procedures To Quantify Solvent Retention In Electrospun Fibers And Facilitate Solvent Removal, Anthony R. D'Amato, Nicholas J. Schaub, Jesus M. Cardenas, Erich Franz, Deniz Rende, Alexis M. Ziemba, Ryan J. Gilbert

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electro spun fiber scaffolds crafted from polyesters are studied extensively for potential tissue engineering applications. For translation of electro spun fibers into the clinic, the FDA requires analysis and quantification of any organic solvent that may be retained in the fibers since many organic solvents can negatively affect cells and tissues. If a significant amount of solvent is retained, then developing procedures for efficient solvent removal may enhance the clinical potential of these materials. In this study we use fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to analyze solvent retention. A correlative analysis …

Salt Dissolution And Surface Subsidence In Central Kansas: A Seismic Investigation Of The Anthropogenic And Natural Origin Models, Neil Lennart Anderson, Alex A. Martinez, John F. Hopkins, Timothy R. Carr

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Gradual subsidence in the Punkin Center study area, northeast Reno County, Kansas, has resulted in ponding of surface waters, abandonment of at least one oil well, and damage to county roads. Because the Punkin Center area is within the Burrton oil field and is underlain by the Hutchinson Salt Member, surface subsidence historically has been attributed to salt dissolution of anthropogenic origin. Subsidence that occurred significant distances from any known well sites has been attributed to unrecorded abandoned wells or complex asymmetric patterns of salt dissolution that originated at a drillhole.

To ascertain the validity of the widely accepted anthropogenic …

Upper Limits On The Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background From Advanced Ligo's First Observing Run, Benjamin P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A wide variety of astrophysical and cosmological sources are expected to contribute to a stochastic gravitational-wave background. Following the observations of GW150914 and GW151226, the rate and mass of coalescing binary black holes appear to be greater than many previous expectations. As a result, the stochastic background from unresolved compact binary coalescences is expected to be particularly loud. We perform a search for the isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background using data from Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory's (aLIGO) first observing run. The data display no evidence of a stochastic gravitational-wave signal. We constrain the dimensionless energy density of gravitational waves …

Hypothetical Cases In Engineering Ethics, Steve Eugene Watkins

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An important educational subject for engineering students is engineering ethics. Common instructional objectives are to develop knowledge of ethical principles, e.g. professional codes, and to apply these principles to specific situations. Case studies are useful instructional examples and exercises and cases are central to student ethics competitions. Historical case studies emphasize the relevance of ethics in engineering work. Hypothetical case studies can address specific ethical principles and provide great design flexibility. This paper discusses hypothetical cases in engineering ethics in the context of instructional exercises or student competitions. Recommendations are given for the development of versatile cases and for approaching …

Retrieval Of Target Structure Information From Laser-Induced Photoelectrons By Few-Cycle Bicircular Laser Fields, Van-Hung Hoang, Van-Hoang Le, C. D. Lin, Anh-Thu Le

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

By analyzing theoretical results from a numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for atoms in few-cycle bicircular laser pulses, we show that high-energy photoelectron momentum spectra can be used to extract accurate elastic scattering differential cross sections of the target ion with free electrons. We find that the retrieval range for a scattering angle with bicircular pulses is wider than with linearly polarized pulses, although the retrieval method has to be modified to account for different returning directions of the electron in the continuum. This result can be used to extend the range of applicability of ultrafast imaging techniques …

Estimating The Permanent Loss Of Groundwater Storage In The Southern San Joaquin Valley, California, Ryan G. Smith, Rosemary Knight, J. Chen, J. A. Reeves, H. A. Zebker, T. Farr, Z. Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the San Joaquin Valley, California, recent droughts starting in 2007 have increased the pumping of groundwater, leading to widespread subsidence. In the southern portion of the San Joaquin Valley, vertical subsidence as high as 85 cm has been observed between June 2007 and December 2010 using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). This study seeks to map regions where inelastic (not recoverable) deformation occurred during the study period, resulting in permanent compaction and loss of groundwater storage. We estimated the amount of permanent compaction by incorporating multiple data sets: the total deformation derived from InSAR, estimated skeletal-specific storage and hydraulic …

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons With Aliphatic Sidegroups: Intensity Scaling For The C-H Stretching Modes And Astrophysical Implications, Xuejuan Yang, Aigen Li, Rainer Glaser, Jianxin Zhong

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The so-called unidentified infrared emission (UIE) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 μm ubiquitously seen in a wide variety of astrophysical regions are generally attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. Astronomical PAHs may have an aliphatic component, as revealed by the detection in many UIE sources of the aliphatic C-H stretching feature at 3.4 mm. The ratio of the observed intensity of the 3.4 mm feature to that of the 3.3 μm aromatic C-H feature allows one to estimate the aliphatic fraction of the UIE carriers. This requires knowledge of the intrinsic oscillator strengths of the 3.3 …

A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part I. Structure And Solubility, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Bio glasses are employed for surgical augmentation in a range of hard tissue applications. Tantalum is a bioactive and biocompatible transition metal that has been used as an orthopedic medical device. It has a range of biological and physical properties that make its incorporation into ionic form into bioactive glass systems promising for various clinical applications. The work herein reports the characterization and properties of novel tantalum-containing glasses. A series of glasses based on the system 48SiO₂-(36-X)ZnO-6CaO-8SrO-2P₂O₅-XTa₂O₅ with X varying from 0 mol% (TA0) to 0.5 mol% (TA2) were synthesized. The …

Seismic Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath The Eastern United States And Its Geodynamic Implications, Bin B. Yang, Yunhua Liu, Haider Dahm, Kelly H. Liu, Stephen S. Gao

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Systematic spatial variations of anisotropic characteristics are revealed beneath the eastern U.S. using seismic data recorded between 1988 and 2016 by 785 stations. The resulting fast polarization orientations of the 5613 measurements are generally subparallel to the absolute plate motion (APM) and are inconsistent with the strike of major tectonic features. This inconsistency, together with the results of depth estimation using the spatial coherency of the splitting parameters, suggests a mostly asthenospheric origin of the observed azimuthal anisotropy. The observations can be explained by a combined effect of APM-induced mantle fabric and a flow system deflected horizontally around the edges …

Using Mobile Sensing To Test Clinical Models Of Depression, Social Anxiety, State Affect, And Social Isolation Among College Students, Philip I. Chow, Karl Fua, Yu Huang, Wesley Bonelli, Haoyi Xiong, Laura E. Barnes, Bethany A. Teachman

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Research in psychology demonstrates a strong link between state affect (moment-to-moment experiences of positive or negative emotionality) and trait affect (e.g., relatively enduring depression and social anxiety symptoms), and a tendency to withdraw (e.g., spending time at home). However, existing work is based almost exclusively on static, self-reported descriptions of emotions and behavior that limit generalizability. Despite adoption of increasingly sophisticated research designs and technology (e.g., mobile sensing using a global positioning system [GPS]), little research has integrated these seemingly disparate forms of data to improve understanding of how emotional experiences in everyday life are associated with time spent …

Real-Time Flood Forecasting And Information System For The State Of Iowa, Witoldld F. Krajewski, Daniel Ceynar, Ibrahim Demir, Radoslaw Goska, Anton Kruger, Carmen Langel, Ricardo Mantilllla, James Niemeier, Felipe Quintero, Bong Chul Seo, Scott J. Smallll, Larry J. Weber, Nathan C. Young

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Iowa Flood Center's automated real-time flood forecasting and information system serves as a complement to the National Water Center's proposed national system.

Hadoop-Based Replica Exchange Over Heterogeneous Distributed Cyberinfrastructures, Richard Platania, Shayan Shams, Chui Hui Chiu, Nayong Kim, Joohyun Kim, Seung Jong Park

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present Hadoop-based replica exchange (HaRE), a Hadoop-based implementation of the replica exchange scheme developed primarily for replica exchange statistical temperature molecular dynamics, an example of a large-scale, advanced sampling molecular dynamics simulation. By using Hadoop as a framework and the MapReduce model for driving replica exchange, an efficient task-level parallelism is introduced to replica exchange statistical temperature molecular dynamics simulations. In order to demonstrate this, we investigate the performance of our application over various distributed cyberinfrastructures (DCI), including several high-performance computing systems, our cyberinfrastructure for reconfigurable optical networks testbed, the global environment for network innovations testbed, and the CloudLab …

Faculty Senate Minutes Feb. 23, 2017, Missouri University Of Science And Technology Faculty Senate

Minutes & Agendas

No abstract provided.

The Missouri Miner, February 23, 2017

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

Phonon Interference In Crystalline And Amorphous Confined Nanoscopic Films, Zhi Liang, Thomas E. Wilson, Pawel Keblinski

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Using Molecular Dynamics Phonon Wave Packet Simulations, We Study Phonon Transmission Across Hexagonal (H)-BN and Amorphous Silica (A-SiO₂) Nanoscopic Thin Films Sandwiched by Two Crystalline Leads. Due to the Phonon Interference Effect, the Frequency-Dependent Phonon Transmission Coefficient in the Case of the Crystalline Film (Si|h-BN|Al Heterostructure) Exhibits a Strongly Oscillatory Behavior. in the Case of the Amorphous Film (Si|a-SiO₂|Al and Si|a-SiO₂|Si Heterostructures), in Spite of Structural Disorder, the Phonon Transmission Coefficient Also Exhibits Oscillatory Behavior at Low Frequencies (Up to ∼1.2 THz), with a Period of Oscillation Consistent with the Prediction from the Two-Beam …

The Missouri Miner, February 16, 2017

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

Surrogate Modeling Of Ultrasonic Simulations Using Data-Driven Methods, Xiaosong Du, Robert Grandin, Leifur Leifsson

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ultrasonic testing (UT) is used to detect internal flaws in materials and to characterize material properties. In many applications, computational simulations are an important part of the inspection-design and analysis processes. Having fast surrogate models for UT simulations is key for enabling efficient inverse analysis and model-assisted probability of detection (MAPOD). In many cases, it is impractical to perform the aforementioned tasks in a timely manner using current simulation models directly. Fast surrogate models can make these processes computationally tractable. This paper presents investigations of using surrogate modeling techniques to create fast approximate models of UT simulator responses. In particular, …

Characterization And Fracture Property Of Different Strontium-Containing Borate-Based Glass Coatings For Ti6al4v Substrates, Yiming Li, Ali Matinmanesh, Declan J. Curran, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Marcello Papini, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This work considered the effect of increasing Strontium ion (Sr²⁺) content on the structure of a series of glasses based on the B₂O₃-P₂O₅-CaCO₃-Na₂CO₃-TiO₂-SrCO₃ series and their resultant fracture toughness when coated onto a surgical metal substrate. Six glasses with increasing Sr²⁺ content (0 to 25 mol%) were synthesized and subsequently characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and both Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR) and Raman Spectroscopy. These techniques confirmed that increased Sr²⁺ content induced …

Controlling Calcium Compound Formation In Biocompatible Materials For Tissue Regeneration And Repair In Mammals, Steven B. Jung, D. E. Day

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A biocompatible composition for tissue repair or regeneration in mammals comprising one or more glass former compounds selected from the group consisting of B₂O₃, P₂O₅, and SiO₂ and director elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Sr, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Nb, Mo, W, Ba, Co, S, Al, Ti, Y, Mg, Si and/or Ni to promote in vivo calcium compound formation of calcium carbonate or other calcium compounds other than hydroxyapatite. Upon direct application of the biocompatible composition to a mammalian host, calcium carbonate or other calcium compounds other …

Scaffold For Tissue Regeneration In Mammals, D. E. Day, Steven B. Jung, Roger F. Brown

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A three-dimensional scaffold with interconnected pores for repair of tissue comprising a scaffold body for structural support of the tissue scaffold, where the scaffold body comprises scaffold body components bonded to each other and made from component materials comprising about 40 to about 90 wt % B₂O₃, and two or more other oxides, wherein the scaffold body has a porosity between about 15 and about 90 vol %.

Scholars' Mine Quick Facts February 2017, James Roger Weaver

Scholars’ Mine Statistics

Scholars' Mine statistical quick facts for February 2017.

Daehr: A Discriminant Analysis Framework For Electronic Health Record Data And An Application To Early Detection Of Mental Health Disorders, Haoyi Xiong, Jinghe Zhang, Yu Huang, Kevin Leach, Laura E. Barnes

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electronic health records (EHR) provide a rich source of temporal data that present a unique opportunity to characterize disease patterns and risk of imminent disease. While many data-mining tools have been adopted for EHR-based disease early detection, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is one of the most commonly used statistical methods. However, it is difficult to train an accurate LDA model for early disease diagnosis when too few patients are known to have the target disease. Furthermore, EHR data are heterogeneous with significant noise. In such cases, the covariance matrices used in LDA are usually singular and estimated with a large …

Long-Range Interactions Of Hydrogen Atoms In Excited States. I. 2s-1s Interactions And Dirac-Δ Perturbations, Chandra Mani Adhikari, Vincent Debierre, Arthur N. Matveev, Nikolai N. Kolachevsky, Ulrich D. Jentschura

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The theory of the long-range interaction of metastable excited atomic states with ground-state atoms is analyzed. We show that the long-range interaction is essentially modified when quasidegenerate states are available for virtual transitions. A discrepancy in the literature regarding the van der Waals coefficient C₆ (2S ;1 S ) describing the interaction of metastable atomic hydrogen ( 2 S state) with a ground-state hydrogen atom is resolved. In the the van der Waals range a₀ ≪ R ≪ a₀ / α , where a₀ = ℏ / α m c is the Bohr radius and α …

Monte Carlo Simulations Of The Disordered Three-Color Quantum Ashkin-Teller Chain, Ahmed K. Ibrahim, Thomas Vojta

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We investigate the zero-temperature quantum phase transitions of the disordered three-color quantum Ashkin-Teller spin chain by means of large-scale Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the first-order phase transitions of the clean system are rounded by the quenched disorder. For weak intercolor coupling, the resulting emergent quantum critical point between the paramagnetic phase and the magnetically ordered Baxter phase is of infinite-randomness type and belongs to the universality class of the random transverse-field Ising model, as predicted by recent strong-disorder renormalization group calculations. We also find evidence for unconventional critical behavior in the case of strong intercolor coupling, even though …

Influence Of Permanent Dipole And Dynamic Core-Electron Polarization On Tunneling Ionization Of Polar Molecules, Van-Hung Hoang, Song-Feng Zhao, Van-Hoang Le, Anh-Thu Le

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present a detailed theoretical investigation on strong-field ionization of polar (CO and NO) as well as nonpolar molecules (N₂, O₂, and CO₂). Our results indicate that accounting for the Stark correction in the molecular tunneling ionization theory leads to overall fairly good agreements with numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Furthermore, we show that the effect of dynamic core-electron polarization, in general, has a weak influence on the angle-dependent ionization probability. However, in the case of CO we confirm the recent finding by B. Zhang, J. Yuan, and Z. Zhao [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 163001 (2013)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.111.163001] that accounting …