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Orbit Perturbations To Habitable Zone Planets From Massive Planets At The Snowline Around M Stars And G Stars, Samuel Cope, Bishwash Devkota

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Massive planets may preferentially form just outside the water ice snowline in protoplanetary disks. How these massive planets which form at this location would influence the orbits of Earth mass planets located in the habitable zone of Solar type (G) stars and M dwarfs is investigated. Dynamical simulations that tracked the orbit evolution of an Earth mass planet in the habitable zone and an outer massive planet placed at the system’s primordial water ice snowline were performed. Cases with the Earth mass planet placed at different locations in the habitable zone and a Jupiter mass planet at the snowline around …

From Land Grant To Space Grant, Mohammad Dehghani

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of An Outer Jupiter-Like Planet On The In Situ Formation Of Near Resonant Inner Super Earths, Mateo Emiliano Guerra Toro

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

We investigated the formation of planets near resonances in the context of histories in which systems contain an outer giant planet that forms early, and inner planets form via oligarchic growth in situ. We conducted N-body dynamical simulations with a Jupiter-like planet and initial inner planet planetesimal conditions that led to the establishment of chains of resonant and near-resonant planets in situ if the giant planet were not present. Systems with the giant planet tended to produce lower mass and more numerous planets than systems without the giant planet. The systems with the giant planet tended to be more compact …

Comparison Of Injection Molded Abs Using Conventional Steel And Novel Composite-Based Additively Manufactured Mold Plates, John Mitchell

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Polymer injection molding processes have been used for over 100 years to create high-volume parts quickly and efficiently. Injection molding uses mold plates that are traditionally made of very hard tool steels, such as P20 steel, which is extremely heavy and has very long lead times to build new molds. In this study, composite-based additive manufacturing (CBAM) was used to create mold plates using long-fiber carbon fiber and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). These mold plates were installed in an injection molding machine, and rectangular flat plates were produced using Lustran 348 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Tensile testing was performed on …

Exploratory Growths Of The Ternary 14-1-11 Family Of Thermoelectric Zintl Phases Using A Self-Flux Method, Jared Shortt

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Thermoelectric Zintl phases have the ability to convert waste heat into useful electrical energy, making them valuable in various energy harvesting applications. In these Zintl phases, a high zT (thermoelectric Figure of Merit) indicates more efficient thermoelectric properties. The technique used, a self-flux method, is implemented as a relatively simple way of synthesizing Zintl phases with a higher thermoelectric Figure of Merit. This method uses an excess of reactive flux element, which acts as both a component of the Zintl phase and a reaction medium, and two other elements that are incorporated into the material. The materials with higher melting …

Computational Analysis Of The Hifire-1 Hypersonic Test Model In Ansys Fluent, Aidan Robert Murphy

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

The Hypersonic International Flight Research Experimentation (HIFiRE) program explores and advances hypersonic aerospace systems by developing a multitude of test flight geometries and conducting experimental test flights to obtain data for use in validation of computational models and results. This study focuses on computational validation of heat flux, and calculation of static pressure profiles, skin friction coefficient profiles, and flow contours. The flow field studied is for Mach number 7.18 and an angle of attack (α) of 2°. The flow field include many compressible flow features such as an expansion wave at the intersection of the cone and flat cylindrical …

Multi-Disciplinary Analysis Surrogate Based On Twin-Generator Generative Adversarial Networks For Electric Drone, Samuel Sisk

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Multi-Disciplinary Analysis and Optimization (MDAO) plays an important role in the future of aviation, especially relating to Urban Air Mobility (UAM). MDAO for UAM effectively quantifies and maximizes system performance and safety while minimizing cost or consumption. Electric drone takeoff trajectory design aims to minimize energy consumption while fulfilling acceleration and other constraints to keep passengers comfortable. Conventional simulation-based MDAO is computationally expensive due to repeatedly evaluating physics-based models while naïvely constructing machine learning predictive models, also known as surrogate models, do not scale well with large-scale problems due to the “curse of dimensionality”. A twin-generator generative adversarial networks (Twin-GAN) …

Compact Steam Generator Numerical Analysis And Mechanics Design, Parker Rockholm, Congshan Mao

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer heat between two fluids that are at different temperatures and are separated by a solid wall. This system is used in many engineering applications such as air conditions, power production, waste heat recovery and chemical processing. Heat exchangers are commonly classified by their flow arrangement and type of construction. A special and important class of heat exchanger is termed compact heat exchangers, but ‘compact’ does not refer to its size. These heat exchangers are used to achieve higher performance by using very large surface densities (heat transfer surface area …

Progress In Optimization Of Electrostatic Sieve Concept For Transport Of Lunar Regolith Using A Genetic Algorithm, Easton Ingram

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

A method for optimizing electrostatic dust transport systems using a genetic algorithm is in development. Applications to electrostatic sieving are discussed for use on the lunar surface. This simulation will allow for rapid development, testing, and optimization of electrostatic particle transport designs with large search spaces. Current progress and ongoing work for the simulation is reviewed.

Million-Year Melt-Presence In Mogollon Datil Volcanic Field Rhyolites: Constraining The Histories Of The Bursum Caldera Resurgent Domes, Ethan Wagner, Gary Michelfelder, Shannon Porter Rentz

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

The Mogollon-Datil volcanic field is located in southwestern New Mexico is the result of punctuated volcanism and the transition between arc and rift magmatism. The resurgent domes that are the result of the 28 Ma Bursum caldera records the transition from rhyolitic to basaltic andesite volcanism that occurred between 27-26 Ma. Our goal is to determine if the resurgent domes of the Bursum caldera are related in space and time but sourced from different pockets of melt extracted as the result of remobilization of cold storage mushes by injection of intermediate composition magmas. To accomplish this, we will use a …

Can Jwst Reveal The Hubble Sequence In The Early Universe?, Vicki Kuhn

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

No abstract provided.

Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production Through Molten Salt Electrolysis (Lisap-Mse), Jacob Ortega, Jeffrey D. Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William P. Schonberg, Daniel S. Stutts, Daoru Frank Han

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

The goal of Artemis is to establish a sustained presence on the Moon. To achieve so, numerous resources are necessary. The Moon contains several essential elements needed to sustain human presence. Most of those elements are trapped in the form of minerals. To refine those minerals into useful materials, reduction methods are needed. Most reduction methods on Earth require large amounts of mass and power which is unrealistic for early stages of building a lunar base. To solve this problem, we are developing a concept of Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production through Molten Salt Electrolysis (LISAP-MSE).

The LISAP-MSE project, if successful, …

Structural And Electrical Properties Of 2-D Transition Metal Oxides, Jessica Fink, Jacob Berry, Gabriel Fedynich, Kartik Ghosh

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

2-dimensional materials have gained much popularity after the rise of graphene with its unique physical properties such as high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, and high elasticity. There is an active search for 2D materials beyond graphene to improve performance in energy applications, sensors, and optoelectronic devices. Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) are on the rise. However, MoS₂ is well researched whereas molybdenum oxide (MoO_x) has been studied less. Molybdenum oxide can be in various forms such as MoO, MoO₂, and MoO₃. MoO₂ and MoO_{3 …}

Application Of Wray-Agarwal Turbulence Model To Axisymmetric Subsonic And Transonic Flows, Mike Kiely

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

This paper describes the problem setup, implementation, and numerical results obtained with the commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent to test the accuracy of the one equation Wray-Agarwal (WA) turbulence model in comparison to the commonly used one-equation Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model by computing two axisymmetric benchmark problems, namely the subsonic flow past an axisymmetric after-body and the transonic flow past Sandia axisymmetric bump. The axisymmetric after-body case features low speed flow in near separation conditions where it was found that the Wray- Agarwal model and the Spalart-Allmaras model produced nearly identical results. The Sandia transonic axisymmetric bump case features a …

Investigating The Presence Of Volatile Molecules On Comet 67p, Keith Reece

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

67P/Churyumov—Gerasimenko is a Jupiter Family comet that originated in the Kuiper Belt. We observed six volatile compounds using IRTF on Mauna Kea. We report the volatile compound abundances of OH, H₂O, NH₂, C₂H₂, HCN, and NH₃ in orders 170, 171, and 172 of the comet’s spectrum.

Precise, Scalable, And Low-Cost Manufacturing Of Microperforated Cylindrical Tube As A Broadband Acoustic Ventilation Barrier, Ian Greene

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Broadband acoustic ventilation barrier, which can simultaneously block acoustic transmission and maintain ventilation of air flow, promotes potential air-permeable yet sound-proofing applications in green buildings. Emerging microperforated cylindrical tube has demonstrated broadband acoustic attenuation, especially in the low frequency range, as well as sufficient ventilation, which is enabled by micron-scale perforations over the entire surface of cylindrical shell. Therefore, precise manufacturing technology is desirably demanded to fabricate microperforated cylindrical tubes at large scale and economically. In this project, we develop a synchronization assistant control (SAC) system that is integrated with a computer numerical control (CNC) drilling system for continuous fabrication …

The Impact Of Hyper-Gravity On C. Elegans Populations In A Laboratory Ecosystem, Greta Adams

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Despite the large amount of effort going into biological hypo gravity studies, there is little of the opposite. In past studies hyper-gravity has been shown to have a huge impact on both the cellular and organismal level of functionality. In this study hyper-gravity was simulated with centrifugation and inflicted on populations of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The generations that follow were monitored for growth in comparison with populations with the same genetics. Centrifugation of the parental generation varied with intensity. Other factors, including lineage and developmental stage at treatment, were tested. There was no significant divergence in population growth …

Microfabrication Of Metal “Grass” For Enhanced Heatsink Performance, Cooper Ressel

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

Heatsinks work by dissipating heat to the surrounding air through convection. A limit that they face is the trapping of heat in the layer of air nearest the surface, which greatly lowers performance. Previous studies have investigated various ways of mitigating this effect by disturbing the trapped layer, with one method being the use of passive devices that naturally flap in air flow. This study investigates methods of microfabrication to make arrays of small metal tabs that can be attached to the surface of a heatsink to enhance its thermal performance. Metal 3D printing, laser cutting, die cutting, and wet …

Novel Semiconducting Materials Synthesis And Metallic Flux Crystal Growth, August Schwoebel

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

This investigation is focused on attempts to synthesize novel polyatomic or doped semiconducting materials by employment of p-block metal flux crystal growth. First discovered in 1874, semiconductors remain at the forefront of materials and condensed matter research for their unique magnetic properties and expanding technological applications. Utilizing the metal flux crystal growth technique on approximately 38 devised samples, most reactions yielded previously discovered binary or ternary intermetallic compounds, but further analysis would be required to confirm this conclusion. This paper discusses methods for devising sample mixtures to be placed under vacuum and heated to high temperatures for crystal growth, as …

Simulating Mass Extinctions In An Agent-Based Evolutionary Model, Emily Vastola

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

In the face of an extinction-level event, under what conditions are populations more likely to recover? When recovery happens, how do populations diversify to fill empty ecological niches? These questions in evolutionary biology are especially important in the current age of humanity-driven mass extinction. Our study uses a computational model of evolutionary dynamics to examine these questions. Simulated organisms on a two-dimensional phenotype space reproduce through assortative mating and an extinction event is triggered for a set number of generations halfway through the simulation. This model has been shown to exhibit nonequilibrium phase transition behavior when mutability or death rate …

Supersonic Wind Tunnel Improvement For Advanced Laser-Based Non-Intrusive Diagnostics, Joshua Gary

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

This work presents an approach to the design, and theoretical application, of a new test section for the Missouri S&T Supersonic Wind Tunnel to be used with advanced laserbased non-intrusive diagnostics. Supersonic wind tunnel test sections present multiple challenges. They need to ensure proper flow by avoiding jet-flow interactions and ensuring started conditions; they need to withstand large pressure loads in the case of tunnel unstart; they need to provide easy optical access for advanced diagnostics; they need to be modular and adaptable for different experiments. This work presents detailed analytical and numerical analyses of the mechanical loads. Based on …

Development Of Deep Learning Potentials For Ultra-High Temperature High-Entropy Driven Diborides, Gregory Vatrano

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

In this study, we developed deep learning potentials for ultra-high temperature high entropy driven diborides of MB2 where M is the transition metal made of Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta. The materials are being considered as the heat shield for hypersonic vehicles due to their high thermal conductivity and thermal stability. We used quantum mechanical data as our input for training and validation. Specifically, we use the energy, force and stress data from molecular dynamics simulations at elevated temperatures using quantum mechanics calculations. We used the DeePMD neural network code and varied the hyper-parameters such as cut-off radius, batch size, …

In Situ Confocal Raman Microscopy Of Redox Polymer Films On Bulk Electrode Supports, Jiahe Xu, Miharu Koh, Shelley D. Minteer, Carol Korzeniewski

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Spectro electrochemical cell is described that enables confocal Raman microscopy studies of electrode-supported films. the confocal probe volume (∼1 μm3) was treated as a fixed-volume reservoir for the observation of potential-induced changes in chemical composition at microscopic locations within an ∼20 μm thickness layer of a redox polymer cast onto a 3 mm diameter carbon disk electrode. using a Raman system with high collection efficiency and wavelength reproducibility, spectral subtraction achieved excellent rejection of background interferences, opening opportunities for measuring within micrometer-scale thickness redox films on widely available, low-cost, and conventional carbon disk electrodes. the cell performance and spectral …

New Guidelines For Presenting Electrochemical Data In All Acs Journals, Shelley Minteer, Jingguang Chen, Song Lin, Cathleen Crudden, Stefanie Dehnen, Prashant V. Kamat, Marisa Kozlowski, Géraldine Masson, Scott J. Miller

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Conformational Comparison Of Urea And Thiourea Near The Ccsd(T) Complete Basis Set Limit, Kayleigh R. Barlow, Gregory S. Tschumper

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The global minima of urea and thiourea were characterized along with other low-lying stationary points. Each structure was optimized with the CCSD(T) method, and triple-ζ correlation consistent basis sets followed by harmonic vibrational frequency computations. Relative energies evaluated near the complete basis set limit with both canonical and explicitly correlated CCSD(T) techniques reveal several subtle but important details about both systems. These computations resolve a discrepancy by demonstrating that the electronic energy of the C2v second-order saddle point of urea lies at least 1.5 kcal mol−1 above the C2 global minimum regardless of whether the structures were optimized with MP2, …

Experimental And Numerical Studies Of Slurry-Based Coextrusion Deposition Of Continuous Carbon Fiber Micro-Batteries To Additively Manufacture 3d Structural Battery Composites, Aditya R. Thakur, Xiangyang Dong

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Carbon Fiber Structural Battery Composites Have Recently Attracted Growing Interests Due to their Potentials of Simultaneously Carrying Mechanical Loads and Storing Electrical Energy for Lightweight Application. in This Study, We Present a Slurry-Based Coextrusion Deposition Method to Additively Manufacture 3D Structural Battery Composites from Carbon Fiber Micro-Batteries. Cathode Slurry is Coextruded Together with Solid Polymer Electrolyte-Coated Carbon Fibers in a Single Deposition. a Network of Carbon Fiber Micro-Batteries is Achieved within the Fabricated Structural Battery Composites. Electrochemical Tests Show a Stable Charge-Discharge Performance Up to 100 Cycles. the Rheological Behavior of the Cathode Slurry is Found to Govern the Coextrusion …

Effects Of Autoionizing Resonances On Wave-Packet Dynamics Studied By Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Pengju Zhang, Van Hung Hoang, Chuncheng Wang, Tran Trung Luu, Vít Svoboda, Anh-Thu Le, Hans Jakob Wörner

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Report a Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Effect of Autoionizing Resonances in Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy. the Coherent Excitation of N₂ by ∼14.15 EV Extreme-Ultraviolet Photons Prepares a Superposition of Three Dominant Adjacent Vibrational Levels (V′=14-16) in the Valence B′ ςu+1 State, Which Are Probed by the Absorption of Two or Three Near-Infrared Photons (800 Nm). the Superposition Manifests itself as Coherent Oscillations in the Measured Photoelectron Spectra. a Quantum-Mechanical Simulation Confirms that Two Autoionizing Rydberg States Converging to the Excited a Π2u and B ςu+2 N₂+ Cores Are Accessed by the Resonant Absorption of …

Dynamical Formation Of Two-Fold Fragmented Many-Body State Induced By An Impurity In A Double-Well, Jie Chen, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Peter Schmelcher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Unravel The Correlated Quantum Quench Dynamics Of A Single Impurity Immersed In A Bosonic Environment Confined In An One-Dimensional Double-Well Potential. A Particular Emphasis Is Placed On The Structure Of The Time-Evolved Many-Body (MB) Wave Function By Relying On A Schmidt Decomposition Whose Coefficients Directly Quantify The Number Of Configurations That Are Macroscopically Populated. For A Non-Interacting Bosonic Bath And Weak Postquench Impurity-Bath Interactions, We Observe The Dynamical Formation Of A Two-Fold Fragmented MB State Which Is Related To Intra-Band Excitation Processes Of The Impurity And Manifests As A Two-Body Phase Separation (Clustering) Between The Two Species For Repulsive …

A High-Strength Precipitation Hardened Cobalt-Free High-Entropy Alloy, Matthew Luebbe, Jiaqi Duan, Fan Zhang, Jonathan Poplawsky, Hans Pommeranke, Maalavan Arivu, Andrew Hoffman, Mario Buchely, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent studies on precipitation-hardened high-entropy alloys (HEAs) demonstrate their high strength and thermal stability, making them promising materials for high-temperature structural applications such as nuclear reactors. However, many existing HEAs contain cobalt (Co), which is unsuitable for nuclear applications because of the long-term activation issue of Co. Co is also expensive and considered a critical material for other applications. Therefore, it is desired to exclude Co from the composition. a Co-free (Fe0.3Ni0.3Mn0.3Cr0.1)88Ti4Al8 HEA was developed and studied in this work. in contrast to previous Co-free HEAs, this alloy is close to Equi atomic in its composition and promises a more …

Epitaxial Single-Domain Cu-Btc Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films And Foils By Electrochemical Conversion Of Cuprous Oxide, Xiaoting Zhang, Bin Luo, Avishek Banik, John Z. Tubbesing, Jay A. Switzer

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Are an Important Class of Crystalline Porous Materials with Extensive Chemical and Structural Merits. However, the Fabrication of MOF Thin Films Oriented Along All Crystallographic Axes to Achieve Well-Aligned Nanopores and Nanochannels with Uniform Apertures Remains a Challenge. Here, We Achieved Highly Crystalline Single-Domain MOF Thin Films with the [111] Out-Of-Plane Orientation by Electrochemical Conversion of Cuprous Oxide. Copper(II)-Benzene-1,3,5-Tricarboxylate, Cu₃(BTC)₂ (Referred to as Cu-BTC), is a Well-Known Metal-Organic Open Framework Material with a Cubic Crystal System. Epitaxial Cu-BTC(111) Thin Films Were Manufactured by Electrochemical Oxidation of Cu₂O(111) Films Electrodeposited on Single-Crystal Au(111). …