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Performance Of Fill Soils During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, J. D. Frost, F. A. Reyna, J. L. Chameau, P. Karanikolas Jun 1993

Performance Of Fill Soils During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, J. D. Frost, F. A. Reyna, J. L. Chameau, P. Karanikolas

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The results of high quality in situ test results obtained at Hunter's Point Naval Station both before and after the Lorna Prieta earthquake are presented. The interpretation of these tests and the results of subsequent numerical ground motion analyses are validated by the observed response at that site during the event. Data show that densification of the loose fill soils occurred as a result of the seismic activity and corroborate the observed surface deformations.


Prediction Of Drilled Shafts Axial Capacities Using Cpt Results, O. M. Alsamman, J. H. Long Jun 1993

Prediction Of Drilled Shafts Axial Capacities Using Cpt Results, O. M. Alsamman, J. H. Long

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Results from nineteen full-scale axial load tests are reviewed to compare methods for predicting axial capacities of drilled shafts using results of Cone Penetration Tests (CPT). The three methods to estimate failure loads are: (1) Nottingham method, (2) Laboratoire des Ponts et Chaussees method (LPC), and (3) the Poulos and Davis method. Comparisons are made to assess the accuracy and dependability of each predictive method. Analyses of results indicate that the LPC method provides the most reliable predictions for axial capacities of drilled shafts in clay.


Reanalysis Of A Vacuum Distillation Unit Foundation, M. N. Viladkar, Swami Saran Jun 1993

Reanalysis Of A Vacuum Distillation Unit Foundation, M. N. Viladkar, Swami Saran

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper deals with the reanalysis of the foundation of an already existing Vaccum Distillation Unit in an oil refinery. The reanalysis is required to suggest if the existing foundation of the unit would be capable enough to withstand an additional pressure intensity to which it would be subjected due to proposed expansion of the unit. The paper therefore discusses the geotechnical investigation program undertaken for evaluating the relevant design parameters and the methodology adopted to compute the sustainable pressure of the foundation.


Researches In The Testing Method Of Dynamic Interaction Of Pile-Soil System Model And Its Calculation Of Dynamic Characteristics, Zu Ming Jiang, Wei Feng Zhao Jun 1993

Researches In The Testing Method Of Dynamic Interaction Of Pile-Soil System Model And Its Calculation Of Dynamic Characteristics, Zu Ming Jiang, Wei Feng Zhao

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper provides the theoretical base and a reasonable testing method for pile foundation, the top of piles are free and the bottom of piles are fixed, dynamic characteristics test of continuous beam bridge, considering the dynamic interaction of pile-soil for doing pile foundation dynamic test in site. The model analysis method and CAT( Computer Aided Test ) are used for model parameters identification from the dynamic of pile foundation mode, several low cured modes and natural frequencies are got. Furthermore, the theoretical computation compared with result of the mode test. Both are most alike. The dynamic characteristics of the …


Rigid Vs. Flexible Pile Caps: Case Study For 235 M. Delhi T.V. Tower, H. R. Viswanath Jun 1993

Rigid Vs. Flexible Pile Caps: Case Study For 235 M. Delhi T.V. Tower, H. R. Viswanath

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Foundation for the prestigious 235m. Delhi television tower commissioned in 1988 in New Delhi consists of 279 reinforced concrete piles of 500 mm diameter with 1250 KN load carrying capacity. The tower is resting on a circular pile cap 32 m. diameter with an average thickness of 2.5 m. Pile cap was designed assuming full rigid conditions at site. When it was noticed that the pile reinforcement was predominantly anchored to the layers of the pile cap reinforcement, it was apprehended that this arrangement does not ensure complete rigidity as assumed, but it makes it only partially flexible. This paper …


Taj Mahal – An Appraisal Of Foundation Performance, A. S. R. Rao, Swami Saran, S. C. Handa, G. Ramasamy, M. N. Viladkar Jun 1993

Taj Mahal – An Appraisal Of Foundation Performance, A. S. R. Rao, Swami Saran, S. C. Handa, G. Ramasamy, M. N. Viladkar

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Because of severe restrictions placed by the National Authority, no authentic data on subsoil details below Taj Mahal - a protected monument - is available. For the first time, an attempt has been made to fill in gaps that exist in our knowledge of subsoil profile below the structure and present a plausible appraisal of foundation performance during the existence of the structure. Since details of foundations cited in literature on Taj Mahal really fall into the realms of architectural conjecture, in the present analysis, engineering intuition and judgement have gone into making certain premises regarding the probable type, dimensions …


Testing Of Drilled Shafts Socketed Into Limestone, G. L. Panozzo, F. H. Kulhawy, F. C. Bauhof, A. J. O'Brien Jun 1993

Testing Of Drilled Shafts Socketed Into Limestone, G. L. Panozzo, F. H. Kulhawy, F. C. Bauhof, A. J. O'Brien

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Construction of the first phase of the South Parking Garage at the Tampa International Airport in Florida was completed in December 1991. A full-scale field load testing program was used in design of the drilled shaft foundations, with specific goals of determining the bond strength and characterizing the load-displacement behavior of the rock sockets. The displacement behavior and bond strength of the test shafts were predicted from elastic solutions and semiempirical methods. Input parameters included the rock uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus. The load test results are compared to the predictions herein, and the practical application of these comparisons …


The Analysis Of Local Subsoil Failure, Igor Soric, Željko Sokolić, Darko Zvornik Jun 1993

The Analysis Of Local Subsoil Failure, Igor Soric, Željko Sokolić, Darko Zvornik

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper deals with a case history of a local foundation failure caused by removing the neighbouring building. Displacement measurements after removing the neighbouring all the working stages at the site. The shape of the deformation curve points to failure after removing the neighbouring old building. The foundation soil is a Moscow sand typical for the large part of the urban Moscow area. It is a poorly graded fine sand of a medium density. Using back analysis for all working stages the peak and residual parameters caused by foundation failure were defined. The ratio of residual to peak value of …


The Performance Of Structures After Imposed Rotations, T. Amirsoleymani Jun 1993

The Performance Of Structures After Imposed Rotations, T. Amirsoleymani

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

After the initial full loading of two similar grain silos, which were built on silty sand, the Export-Import Building tilted toward the Working Tower and the joints between the two structures closed. The lateral force caused cracks in the columns of E-I Buildings. Two different methods were used to rotate the structure. The first method was based on the uneven loading of structures. The second method vas to remove thin layers of soil by chains under the foundations. The B-I Buildings were successfully rotated at both sites in 1989. The measurements for settlement and tilt were made to compare the …


Tribeca Tower Foundation System, Jacek K. Leznicki, Robert G. Gaibrois, Melvin L. Esrig Jun 1993

Tribeca Tower Foundation System, Jacek K. Leznicki, Robert G. Gaibrois, Melvin L. Esrig

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the construction of the foundation system for a 52-story apartment building between Duane Street and Thomas Street (the Tribeca Tower) in the City of New York and the design and implementation of a protection program for a 130-year old designated landmark building founded on a stone "rubble" wall foundation adjacent to the Tribeca Tower.


Uplift Load Tests On Driven Piles, J. R. Davie, M. R. Lewis, L. W. Young Jun 1993

Uplift Load Tests On Driven Piles, J. R. Davie, M. R. Lewis, L. W. Young

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Details and results of uplift load tests on 25 piles at 15 sites are presented. The allowable uplift load on each pile determined from the BOCA code criterion is compared with an allowable capacity based on small movements at design load. In the majority of cases, the BOCA capacities are significantly lower.


Variation In Capacities Of Different Pile Types Under Similar Soil Conditions, H. Senapathy, J. R. Davie, M. R. Lewis Jun 1993

Variation In Capacities Of Different Pile Types Under Similar Soil Conditions, H. Senapathy, J. R. Davie, M. R. Lewis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The interaction between soil and various pile types is of interest because it depends not only on the shear strength characteristics of the soil, but also on the pile dimensions, shape, and installation method, and on time after pile installation. This paper presents load test results from three types of displacement piles installed at the same site. The results obtained from the tests are compared with theoretical estimates. The computed values of soil-pile adhesion, back-calculated from the load tests, are discussed and compared with values found in the literature. Estimated pile capacities during driving and retap are also compared and …


Case History Of An Uplift Problem, J. R. Deutekom, R. J. Termaat Jun 1993

Case History Of An Uplift Problem, J. R. Deutekom, R. J. Termaat

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Deformation and related stability problems of dikes in the western parts of Holland were for many years ascribed to creep and excess pore water pressures only. However in the spring of 1988 during a high water period in the river Rhine the so called uplift mechanism was for the first time measured in practice. It was then recognised that in some cases the problems have been caused by the uplift phenomenon. For a few years the pore water pressures and the deformations were observed in a test site. With the results of the observations a procedure was formulated for design …


Distress In Hirakud Dam, Orissa, India – Possible Causes And Remedial Measures, B. Ramachandran Jun 1993

Distress In Hirakud Dam, Orissa, India – Possible Causes And Remedial Measures, B. Ramachandran

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Distress has been observed in the above dam, on its right spillway immediately after its completion in 1957. The distress has been intensified in the eighties with development of thin horizontal cracks in the undersluice barrels, gate gallery and adjoining areas at a level 18m above bed. These have all been chiselled, opened up and epoxy grouted; besides with water proof cement. But parallel cracks opened up soon after. Studies in detail carried out by various government organisations point out that rapid placement of concrete in ’55 - ‘56 leading to thermal stress is the main cause. Though some attribute …


Foundations For Large Embankments, F. Colleselli, G. Cortellazzo Jun 1993

Foundations For Large Embankments, F. Colleselli, G. Cortellazzo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This report deals with problems connected with the design and construction of two levees built on thick soft compressible soils in the Po Delta. Settlement and pore pressure measurements in foundation soils, taken for about four years during and after construction by means of complete geotechnical instrumentation, were compared with results obtained through various methods during both design and back-analysis phases. Back-analysis was carried out using numerical simulations with finite-element programs. Considerations of the problems of the global stability of the embankments during the various construction phases are also presented.


Geotechnical Problems Of Dam Sites And Their Solution With Reference To The Projects Of Eastern India, S. Gangopadhyay Jun 1993

Geotechnical Problems Of Dam Sites And Their Solution With Reference To The Projects Of Eastern India, S. Gangopadhyay

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical problems of dam construction are associated with adverse geological conditions of the dam site like soft rock, fault, shear zone, joints, weathering, permeable bouldery deposit, soluble rocks, ancient slide etc. In many of the dam sites of eastern India where one or more of such adverse conditions exist, the dam could be safely constructed by treatment of foundation defects. In some cases, however, a new site with less geologic problem was chosen with consequent modification in the project scheme.


Ground Anchors Stabilize Highway Bridge Abutments, N. H. Wade, G. W. Davies Jun 1993

Ground Anchors Stabilize Highway Bridge Abutments, N. H. Wade, G. W. Davies

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Calgary's Glenmore Causeway, constructed in 1962 across the Elbow River, consists of an earthfill embankment with a waterway spanned by a 43 m long bridge, the abutments of which are supported on spread footings founded in the embankment fill. Between the 25 m deep sand and gravel embankment fill and the sub-horizontal bedrock surface is a compressible clay layer up to 5 m thick. To improve abutment stability during peak river flows, 126 post-tensioned Dywidag ground anchors up to 60 m long were installed through the concrete slabs armouring the abutment slopes. Twenty-two anchors were terminated in the embankment fill …


Landslide Management And Control In Himalayas, P. Jagannatha Rao Jun 1993

Landslide Management And Control In Himalayas, P. Jagannatha Rao

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Himalayan ranges experience intense mass movements, culminating in a large number of landsl1des every year. The road system in Himalayas is especially vulnerable to the landslide hazard. A number of techniques have been used in practice to manage and control landslides in these areas. The present paper deals with experiences gained in this regard. A few case histories are presented in the paper, wherein landslides have been successfully managed by appropriate techniques. These concern mainly (i) the use of hazard zonation techniques for solving chronic landslide problems by rationally identifying a stable alternate route and (ii) effective and economical …


Pile Embankment On Soft Clay: Comparison Between Model And Field Performance, Bujang B. K. Huat, Faisal Hj. Ali Jun 1993

Pile Embankment On Soft Clay: Comparison Between Model And Field Performance, Bujang B. K. Huat, Faisal Hj. Ali

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper describes the performance of a full scale pile embankment on soft clay foundation which has been built and instrumented in Malaysia. Reference is made to a parallel design study carried out using centrifuge modelling technique.


Seepage Through Mine Tailings Dams, D. C. Cowherd, K. C. Miller, V. G. Perlea Jun 1993

Seepage Through Mine Tailings Dams, D. C. Cowherd, K. C. Miller, V. G. Perlea

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A determination of the phreatic surface in dams constructed of coal refuse, under the criteria set forth in the National Dam Safety Act was made. All of these dams were over 20 years old. Most of the embankments studied were not constructed with any compaction specification and no effort was made to compact the coal refuse. A comparison of actual phreatic surface to the theoretically predicted surface is made using the classical seepage theory and the computer program SEEP. The embankments are old enough to present the steady slope phreatic surface, and thus, provide a good check of the ability …


Smw Wall For Seepage Control In Levee Reconstruction, D. S. Yang, U. Luscher, I. Kimoto, S. Takeshima Jun 1993

Smw Wall For Seepage Control In Levee Reconstruction, D. S. Yang, U. Luscher, I. Kimoto, S. Takeshima

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An SMW wall was installed as a cutoff wall for seepage control during high floods in a narrow levee constructed in the early 1900's using sandy soils. After part of the wall was installed, difficulties were encountered in evaluating the permeability of the as-built cutoff wall according to the project specifications. Methods used to evaluate the permeability of the cutoff wall included laboratory tests on bulk samples and core samples and in-situ permeability tests. Significant differences in test results were caused by various sample preparation and handling procedures, sampling disturbance, and different testing methods. The difficulties were resolved by performing …


Stabilization Of A Tailings Dam By De-Watering, A. B. Fourie, G. I. Mcphail Jun 1993

Stabilization Of A Tailings Dam By De-Watering, A. B. Fourie, G. I. Mcphail

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The failure of the outer slope of one of the paddocks of a tailings dam, resulted in a significant decrease in the area available for tailings deposition. Overloading of the remaining five paddocks resulted. To maintain the stability of the existing dam whilst construction of new disposal facilities was in progress, three techniques were investigated; horizontal, push-in drains at the dam toe, a rock buttress around the operational paddocks, and vertical de-watering wells installed on the first terrace, or ‘step-back’ of the dam. De-watering wells proved most effective, and 165 wells were installed. A monitoring programme included regular determination of …


Moisture And Mineralogy Aspect Of Clayey Materials, Sanga Tangchawal Jun 1993

Moisture And Mineralogy Aspect Of Clayey Materials, Sanga Tangchawal

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Problems of clayey mass stability are mainly due to swelling behavior and strength reduction of clayey soils and rocks. Laboratory measurements were carried out on various clayey materials to obtain their engineering properties related with the performance of clays in nature. The author demonstrated statistical relationships among material index and material properties. Review of geotechnical mechanisms concerning moisture and mineralogy effects was also given.


Session 2 Concluding Remarks, Pedro S. Sêco E Pinto Jun 1993

Session 2 Concluding Remarks, Pedro S. Sêco E Pinto

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.


General Report Session No. 3: Case Histories Of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Steven L. Kramer, Peter K. Robertson Jun 1993

General Report Session No. 3: Case Histories Of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Steven L. Kramer, Peter K. Robertson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.


Comparison Between Finite Element Predictions And Results From Dynamic Centrifuge Tests On Tilting Gravity Wall Retaining Dry Sand, A. S. Al-Homoud, R. V. Whitman Jun 1993

Comparison Between Finite Element Predictions And Results From Dynamic Centrifuge Tests On Tilting Gravity Wall Retaining Dry Sand, A. S. Al-Homoud, R. V. Whitman

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An analytical model is developed to analyze the seismic response of gravity walls retaining and founded on dry sand, with special emphasis on tilting behavior. A well verified two-dimensional finite element code is used for this purpose. The analytical model is verified comparing predictions to results from three dynamic centrifuge tests, with satisfactory agreement. Moreover, sensitivity analyses are carried out for one of the centrifuge test conditions to understand how the results would change if the boundary conditions and rotational stiffness of the wall were changed.


Earthquake Response Of 30-Story Building During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, T. Kagawa, M. A. Al-Khatib Jun 1993

Earthquake Response Of 30-Story Building During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, T. Kagawa, M. A. Al-Khatib

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A 30 story building supported by 828 piles had been subjected to the Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989. The building was heavily instrumented by strong-motion devices. This study analyzed and compared computed and recorded responses of the building by using the state-of-the-art techniques for dynamic pile-group interaction. Computed results were in good agreement with recorded ones.


Earthquake-Induced Parameter Automation, Gregory L. Hempen, James L. Keim, James L. Mayo Jun 1993

Earthquake-Induced Parameter Automation, Gregory L. Hempen, James L. Keim, James L. Mayo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An operating automated system has been developed for Wappapello Dam. The system allows periodic reading of foundation pore pressure sensors. Upon sensing strong ground shaking the system reads rock and foundation triaxial acceleration. The acceleration readings cause the system to collect pore pressure rise in a loose, saturated sand. The data is available over telephone lines in real time. In addition to reducing maintenance piezometer reading labor, the automation performs earthquake triggering notification and remote data evaluation. The engineering use for dam safety review is considered invaluable.


Evaluation Of Liquefaction Potential Of Coal Slurry, D. C. Cowherd, K. C. Miller, V. G. Perlea, Shamsher Prakash Jun 1993

Evaluation Of Liquefaction Potential Of Coal Slurry, D. C. Cowherd, K. C. Miller, V. G. Perlea, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Hundreds of coal refuse impoundments are constructed each year to dispose of coarse and fine coal refuse. As the need for more sites develops, the suitability of available sites decreases. This creates the need for alternative construction practices such as upstream tailings dam construction methods. These methods raise the question of how to analyze the seismic and liquefaction stability of these structures. The use of down hole nuclear density and moisture probes provides a reliable method for assessing the potential stability issues for these types of structures.


Ground Waving And Its Damaging Effect, John G. Z. Q. Wang Jun 1993

Ground Waving And Its Damaging Effect, John G. Z. Q. Wang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Some unusual patterns of earthquake damages due to ground waving have been described in order to draw attention to further research towards these problems. A brief introduction of relevant theoretical approach to torsional components of ground motion and amplification of seismic surface waves due to local topographic irregularities have been given in this paper to provide a contrast between theoretical approach and practical cases in order to reflect the gap to be filled.