Digital Commons Network^™

Indexing And Distributing A General Patterned Spare Array, Daria Dooling, Lenore Mullin

Computer Science Technical Reports

High performance computing and communication (HPCC) requires that space and time usage are kept to a minimum when solving very large scientific problems. These problems often are represented by sparse systems, and in particular banded systems. In this paper, a new banded array index algorithm is presented that uses substantially less memory than the BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines) representation. The algorithm presented here works for multi-dimensional arrays and on all bandwidths. It is visualized as a layer between the applications and the data, thus shielding the caller from the complexities of the sparse representation. Information is returned to the …

Ccsp - A Formal System For Distributed Program Debugging, Beth Arrowsmith, Bruce Mcmillin

Computer Science Technical Reports

One of the major problems with programming in a parallel/distributed environment is the difficulty in debugging the programs due to their complex interactions. One can have results that appear random, but when given a complete knowledge of the specific run-time behavior, the results are foregone. Unfortunately, this complete knowledge is not generally attainable in a distributed system. In order to develop a system for debugging distributed program and, for the more general case, ensuring their correctness at run-time, we built a distributed execution enviromnent based on Hoare's CSP [5] which allows for the execution and evaluation of embedded assertions within …

Parallel Adaptive Mesh Refinement Algorithms, Mustafa Keskin, Fikret Ercal

Computer Science Technical Reports

This study is aimed at developing 2D parallel adaptive mesh refinement algorithms for engineering applications such as penetration mechanics, manufacturing and combustion which use the finite element method for simulation. A new algorithmic approach, called piecewise adaptive mesh refinement for parallelization, is developed and implemented to run on a sequential machine. Performance of the new method is compared against a conventional advancing front technique proposed earlier. A parallel implementation model to run on a massively parallel computer is proposed and its expected efficiency is analyzed theoretically. Furthermore, some issues concerning parallelization and task partitioning are also discussed. In addition, a …

A Deterministic Membership Algorithm In Asynchronous Distributed Systems, P. Su, B. Mcmillin, A. Dekock

Computer Science Technical Reports

This work presents a deterministic asynchronous membership protocol (AMP). Conceptually a membership algorithm provides a means of recruiting members (machines) in a distributed system. Currently most of the research in membership recruiting emphasizes how to obtain the members after a machine fail-stop has occurred during the system operation, and the membership algorithms proposed arc non-deterministic. This work extends the research to develop a deterministic membership algorithm to recruit machines dynamically at the system cold-start. Once it is possible to recruit machines at system cold-start, then it is trivial to recruit members after a machine fail-stop has occurred during the system …

Using Temporal Subsumption To Generate Efficient Error-Detecting Distributed Algorithms, Martina Schollmeyer, Bruce Mcmillin

Computer Science Technical Reports

Distributed algorithms can use executable assertions, which can be derived from program verificatioll or specified in an ad hoc manner, to detect. errors at run-time. However, there may be more assertions available than are really unecessary, and embedding all of them into the program to be checked at run-time would make error-detection very inefficient. For safety-critical systems we often need to make decisions very quickly and cannot allow too much time to be spent on error detection.

The new technique of temporal submission, which is introduced in this dissertation, examines the dependencies between the individual assertions along program execution paths. …

The Formal Description Of Resource Deadlock In Distributed Systems, P. Lu, B. Mcmillin

Computer Science Technical Reports

Deadlock detection is a fundamental problem in a distributed system and has been extensively studied in the past few years. Many distributed deadlock detection/resolution alg·orithms have been proposed, but most of them either have not given a correctness proof or have given an informal proof by using intuitive operational arguments. Informal arguments are prone to errors and many of the published algorithms have been fouud to be incorrect. In trying to avoid this situation, the development of a formal approach to the algorithm correctness proof is required.

In this work, a formal resource deadlock model with global and local clocks …

An Fpga Based Reconfigurable Coprocessor Board Utilizing A Mathematics Of Arrays, H. Pottinger, W. Eatherton, T. Schiefelbein, L. Mullin, R. Ziegler

Computer Science Technical Reports

Work in progress at the University of Missouri-Rolla on hardware assists for high performance computing is presented. This research consists of a novel field programmable gate array (FPGA) based reconfigurable coprocessor board (the Chameleon Coprocessor) being used to evaluate hardware architectures for speedup of array computation algorithms. These algorithms have been developed using a Mathematics of Arrays (MOA) and are optimal in the sense that they reduce normal array cartesian indexing operations to a series of primitive additions and offsets based on array shape. The method is simple yet powerful, produces algorithms which are provably correct, and are independent of …

A Recursive Least Squares Training Algorithm For Multilayer Recurrent Neural Networks, Q. Xu, K. Krishnamurthy, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Wen Feng Lu

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recurrent neural networks have the potential to perform significantly better than the commonly used feedforward neural networks due to their dynamical nature. However, they have received less attention because training algorithms/architectures have not been well developed. In this study, a recursive least squares algorithm to train recurrent neural networks with an arbitrary number of hidden layers is developed. The training algorithm is developed as an extension of the standard recursive estimation problem. Simulated results obtained for identification of the dynamics of a nonlinear dynamical system show promising results.

Identification Of Cutting Force In End Milling Operations Using Recurrent Neural Networks, Q. Xu, K. Krishnamurthy, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Wen Feng Lu

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The problem of identifying the cutting force in end milling operations is considered in this study. Recurrent neural networks are used here and are trained using a recursive least squares training algorithm. Training results for data obtained from a SAJO 3-axis vertical milling machine for steady slot cuts are presented. The results show that a recurrent neural network can learn the functional relationship between the feed rate and steady-state average resultant cutting force very well. Furthermore, results for the Mackey-Glass time series prediction problem are presented to illustrate the faster learning capability of the neural network scheme presented here

Anisotropic Wormhole: Tunneling In Time And Space, Marco Cavaglia, Vittorio De Alfaro, Fernado De Felice

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We discuss the structure of a gravitational Euclidean instanton obtained through coupling of gravity to electromagnetism. This Euclidean solution can be interpreted as a tunneling to a hyperbolic space (baby universe) or alternatively as a static wormhole that joins two asymptotically flat spaces of a Reissner-Nordström type solution.

Work Measurement Decision Diagram Development And Application At Nasa's Kennedy Space Center, Susan L. Murray, Amanda M. Mitskevich, Joseph J. Pignatiello Jr., Timothy S. Barth, William W. Swart

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a decision flow diagram developed at NASA's Kennedy Space Center for the selection of the appropriate work measurement methodologies for Space Shuttle processing.

The Missouri Miner, May 04, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

Fabrication Of Composite Laminates With Embedded Pizo-Ceramic Sensors And Actuators, Todd Nelson Kelsheimer

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The purpose of the research project is to investigate the methods for embedding pizo-ceramic sensors and actuators in a composite ( a fiber reinforced epoxy matrix). The importance of these sensors and actuators is vital in controlling the vibration and excessive strain on a structure causing fatigue or failure. With the control of these instabilities by the actuator, proper performance of the structure is achieved. Most sensors and actuators are surface mounted because (1) The sensor can pick up the greatest strain on the surface of a structure. (2) The actuator can create a stronger moment to counter balance the …

Use Of A Macrocyclic Antibiotic, Rifamycin B, And Indirect Detection For The Resolution Of Racemic Amino Alcohols By Ce, Daniel W. Armstrong, Kumber Rundlett, George L. Reid

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ansamycins are a very specific class of macrocyclic antibiotics of which the rifamycins are among the better-known members. Rifamycins bind to and inhibit DNA polymerase. Rifamycin B (the most easily obtained ansamycin) is negatively charged and is shown to associate with and enantioselectively resolve several chiral amino alcohols including terbutaline, isoproterenol, bamethan, metaproterenoi, synephrine, metanephrine, salbutamol, epinephrine, norphenylephrine, ephedrine, ψ-ephedrine, octopamine, norepinephrine, normetanephrine, metoprolol, alprenolol, atenolol, and oxprenolol. A description of the structure and properties of rifamycins, in general, and rifamycin B, in particular, is given. The complexation and chiral recognition of the aforementioned racemic compounds by rifamycin B is …

Comparative Mössbauer Effect Study Of Several R₂Fe₁₇ And R₂Fe₁₇Nₓ Compounds, Gary J. Long, Sanjay R. Mishra, Oran Allan Pringle, Fernande Grandjean, K. H. Buschow

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Mössbauer spectra of Sm₂Fe₁₇ and Ho ₂Fe₁₇ and their nitrides have been measured between 295 and 85 K and analyzed with a model which is consistent with our earlier work on R₂Fe₁₇ and R₂Fe₁₇N_x compounds, where R is Pr, Nd, and Th. This model is completely consistent throughout these rare-earth compounds and is in agreement with the crystallographic changes occurring upon nitrogenation and with the prediction of band structure calculations. The dramatic increase in Curie temperature in the nitrides results from the expansion of the crystallographic …

Load Balancing The Heat Equation In A Heterogeneous Environment With Pvm, N. Nemer-Preece, L. Mullin

Computer Science Technical Reports

Parallel processing is maturing with the ability to program heterogeneous environments and the help of networking systems such as PVM. Heterogeneous multiprocessing has been revolutionized due to tools such as PVM which allows the user to develop code independent of the machine arthitecture. This thesis develops a load balancing algorithm to handle the time march problem, heat conduction. It is based on the speeds of the machines in the current environment.

The heat equation algorithm is enhanced by the Psi Calculus of a Mathematics of Arrays. \l' Calculus allows the indexing of the heat matrix in terms of starts, stops …

Providing Assurance For Reponsive Computing Systems, G. Tsai, B. Mcmillin

Computer Science Technical Reports

A responsive computing system is a hybrid of real-time, distributed and fault-tolerant systems. In such a system, severe consequences will occur if the logical and physical specifications of the system are not met. In this dissertation, an approach to ensure satisfaction of specifications in the operational environment is presented as follows. First, we specify properties of the system using ITL formulas. Next, we collect, at runtime, events and maintain equivalent event histories to represent system execution. Finally, we apply a decision procedure to determine satisfaction of the formulas. A run-time evaluation system was built according to this approach and we …

Skin Cancer Diagnosis Using Hierarchal Neural Networks And Fuzzy Logic, H. C. Lee, F. Ercal

Computer Science Technical Reports

Skin cancer, the most common cancer in the United States that affects about 600,000 Americans every year, accounts for 1% of all cancer deaths. Among all, Malignant Melanoma is the most virulent form of skin cancer that is responsible for 75% of all deaths from skin cancer. In 1992, approximately 32,000 people are expected to develop melanoma and about 6,700 will die. However, even malignant melanoma can be treated successfully if detected in the early phase. Therefore, our research goal is to diagnose skin cancer, especially malignant melanoma.

In this study, only the digitized images obtained from color tumor slides …

Classification Characteristics Of Som And Art2, J. Aleshunas, D. St. Clair, W. Bond

Computer Science Technical Reports

Artificial neural network algorithms were originally designed to model human neural activities. They attempt to recreate the processes involved in such activities as learning, short term memory, and long term memory. Two widely used artificial neural network algorithms are the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART2). Each was designed to simulate a particular biological neural activity. Both can be used as unsupervised data classifiers.

This paper compares performance characteristics of two unsupervised artificial neural network architectures; the SOM and the ART2 networks. The primary factors analyzed were classification accuracy, sensitivity to data noise, and sensitivity to the …

The Reduction Of Dielectric Constant By Shaped Porosity, Weiping Cai

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

In multi-layer circuits, the reduction of the dielectric constant in substrate materials is becoming increasingly important, as the heat emission of the circuits increases with an increasing number of layers. One way to achieve a lower dielectric constant is to create porosity in the material. In this project, two types of substrate samples were made with coin-shaped porosity. One had holes of 8.0mm in diameter, and the other had holes of 2.5mm in diameter. The total vacuum area was 250mm², or 7.7% of the total area, in either case. It was hoped to discover a relationship between aspect …

Designing A New Programming Methodology For Optimizing Array Accesses In Complex Scientific Problems, Larry Coffin

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

Many problems of interest to scientists and engineers, such as fluid flow and stress analysis, require the solution of complex PDEs. Often the solution requires discretizing the physical domain into a mesh or grid then stepping from a given initial state towards some final state using small incremental time steps. Grid sizes can reach several thousand to hundreds of thousands of elements and the number of time steps required to solve the problem can vary from several thousand to tens of thousands or more. Traditional programming techniques are unable to take advantage of the non-random grid access patterns and generally …

Fixed Site Facilitated Transport Of Oxygen And Nitrogen Through Plasma Polymer Films, Chad Dunnegan

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

A method of preparing plasma polymer films, in which metal chelate molecules are incorporated, is briefly outlined. The chemical reactivity of metal chelate molecules is preserved so that they may ”facilitate” the transport of oxygen molecules through the membrane. The method for testing permeability of the films is presented and results are analyzed with respect to the dual mode sorption model, applied to fixed site facilitated transport.

Image Processing Techniques And Implementations In Software For Use With A Ccd Camera, Clarence Franklin Jr.

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The concept of image processing is used whenever there is a reference to digital images. By random and natural errors introduced into the image during collection and transmission, the images are distorted. Image processing techniques are used to eliminate these error before viewing of the images. For this experiment, the images provided by the ST-6 CCD Camera System will be used in the development and implementation of image processing techniques into a software package.

Skin Effects Due To Perforations -- A Study Of Analysis Techniques, Jon Michael Gibbs

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

Until 1991, two methods could be used to evaluate the skin effect due to perforations, the Brons and Marting Method and the Harris Method. Due to the simplicity of the technique, the Brons and Marting Method has been the preferred method of use in the petroleum industry. However, with the recent development of a third technique to evaluate the skin effect due to perforations, the need has arisen to evaluate each of these techniques to determine which method is the most accurate under given conditions. This paper reviews and compares each of the three methods for evaluating the perforations skin. …

Solubility Of Red Phosphorous In Lead, Sean E. Walker

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The determination of the solubility of red phosphorus in lead can be used to produce a plot of the solubility with respect to temperature and pressure. The plot is produced with experimental data, activity determination from present thermodynamic data, and compilation of the two sets of data into the semi-regular solution format. A lead-phosphorus solubility diagram is necessary to determine the amount phosphorus that will be absorbed by lead and will remain unreacted in a given process.

The Development Of Equipment Specification Form From The Pdxi Data Models, Justin M. Juengel

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The project has culminated in the development of a simplistic working model, based upon the existing data model created by the Process Data Exchange Institute (PDXI). This data model is depicted in Volume 1 of the deliverables for the PDXI Data File Interchange Format Project. The working model, based in part on the Planning Level Model and the Heat Transfer Model [1] of the overall data model, was then used to create an equipment specification form (Fig 1) for a heat exchanger, partially utilizing the standards set forth by the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA).

Solvent Recovery For An Extraction Process, Denise C. Ratcliff

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The solvent recovery project involves the recovery of a valuable solute, acetic acid, from a spend solvent stream generated in a laboratory extraction experiment. The majority of this project’s efforts center on the simulation of a ten-stage distillation column that will recover the acid. These simulation results will then be used to specify the ancillary process equipment needed for this distillation process.

Channel Closing In Multiphoton Ionization Of Mg, J. Greg Story, D. I. Duncan, Thomas F. Gallagher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experimental data are presented showing the channel closing of four-photon ionization of Mg. It is shown that, for circularly polarized light, the ionization versus intensity spectra exhibit sharp breaks from the normal I⁴ intensity dependence at the critical intensity where the channel closing occurs. Above the critical intensity, the population of Rydberg states which survives the laser pulse is observed. The residual Rydberg population is found to be greatly reduced for linearly polarized light due to the relatively large probability of ionization of the low-angular-momentum Rydberg states. The data are in good agreement with a model which includes averaging …

Evaluation Of The Edge Strength Of Architectural Glass, Kevin L. Alexander

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

A mechanical device to test the edge strength of glass was developed in a previous study and was to be modified for more accurate results in this study. The mechanical apparatus allows for a load to be applied and directed along one diagonal of a glass beam making the other diagonal the neutral axis. This allows only one edge to be in tension where the failure is desired.

This study evaluated the scored edge lines and the other edge lines of annealed glass which was cut by an experienced glass cutter with a steel scoring wheel, and a carbide scoring …

Automation Of Process Data Management, Stephen C. Chadwick

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The project goal is to create an automated system for managing data that describes a chemical process. The data is both graphical, such as piping and instrumentation diagrams, and numerical, such as pipe schedule and diameter. AutoLisp and C++ programs were developed and tested to simplify the creation of the automated system.