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Bending And Shear Behavior Of Web Elements With Openings, Roger A. Laboube, Ming-Yang Shan, Wei-Wen Yu Oct 1994

Bending And Shear Behavior Of Web Elements With Openings, Roger A. Laboube, Ming-Yang Shan, Wei-Wen Yu

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Cold-formed steel C-sections are frequently used as wall studs and floor joists in both commercial and residential construction. To facilitate installation of ancillary systems such as electrical wiring and plumbing, the C-section is manufactured with a web opening. Although the opening offers construction advantages, it may degrade the structural integrity of the member. To quantify the degrading effect of a web opening, a study has been conducted at the University of Missouri-Rolla (UMR). The UMR study included the loading conditions of bending, shear, web crippling and the combinations thereof. This paper summarizes the results of an experimental study of the …

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Multiple Stiffened Deck Profiles, M. Sommerstein, R. P. Papazian, R. M. Schuster Oct 1994

Multiple Stiffened Deck Profiles, M. Sommerstein, R. P. Papazian, R. M. Schuster

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

CAN/CSA-S136-M89 and the AISI Specification on Cold Formed Steel Design use different methods to determine the effective width of multiple stiffened compressive elements when no local buckling in the sub-elements occurs. Both methods replace the multiple stiffened element with a flat plate element centered at the neutral axis of the multiple stiffened element. The methods differ in assigning an equivalent thickness to the straight line element. The AISI method provides sufficient thickness to match the moment of inertia of the multiple stiffened element, while the S136 method makes use of orthotropic plate theory, however, dealing only with the elastic buckling …

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Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Shs Beam-Columns, Raef M. Sully, Gregory J. Hancock Oct 1994

Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Shs Beam-Columns, Raef M. Sully, Gregory J. Hancock

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper describes a test programme conducted into the behaviour of cold-formed, compact square hollow section beam columns. The tests were conducted in a purpose built test rig capable of applying load and moment in a constant ratio. The test specimens were pin-ended specimens loaded, with varying load/moment ratios, at two different ratios of end moment. The results of the tests were simulated using a finite element programme. This finite element programme was used to find maximum second order elastic moments, for the section tested, at varying ratios of end moment. The results of this numerical investigation are compared with …

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Buckling Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Members By Spline Finite Strip Analysis, Joachim Lindner, Y. L. Guo Oct 1994

Buckling Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Members By Spline Finite Strip Analysis, Joachim Lindner, Y. L. Guo

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Local,distortional and overall buckling (including overall flexural buckling and overall flexural-torsional buckling) behaviour of cold-formed thin-walled columns is presented which is based on an inelastic spline finite strip analysis. The columns are loaded centrally at the ends. The increment of yield stresses in the corner area due to cold-forming work, together with a more real stress-strain curve of material, that exhibits continuous strain hardening for the stress above the proportional limit of material, are involved in the analysis. The cold-formed section is divided into two different types of strips, one is a flat plate strip on the central part of …

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Elastoplastic Large Deflection Analysis Of Cold-Formed Members Using Spline Finite Strip Method, Shi-Lin Chen, Shao-Fu Li, Shan-Feng Fang Oct 1994

Elastoplastic Large Deflection Analysis Of Cold-Formed Members Using Spline Finite Strip Method, Shi-Lin Chen, Shao-Fu Li, Shan-Feng Fang

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The elastoplastic large deflection behaviour of cold-formed members is analysed by a nonlinear spline finite strip method. The method is developed using the principle of virtual work, based on the total Lagrangian description. It is used to deal with problems of geometric and material nonlinearity. The displacement function of a strip is expressed as the product of transverse interpolation polynomials and longitudinal B3-splines. The effect of arbitrary initial imperfections is taken into consideration. The influence of cold-bending residual stress on the local and overall behaviour of cold-formed lipped angle columns is investigated especially. The numeric examples show that the method …

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Behavior And Failure Mechanism Of Composite Slabs, J. J. Roger Cheng, Michael C. H. Yam, E. B. Davison Oct 1994

Behavior And Failure Mechanism Of Composite Slabs, J. J. Roger Cheng, Michael C. H. Yam, E. B. Davison

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The behavior of a composite slab using a 636 deck profIle was investigated experimentally. Twenty-three one-way slab tests and twenty-four pull-out tests were performed. It was found that the behavior and shear bond load of the composite slab were significantly affected by the depth of the embossment shear key. The average shear stress from the pull-out tests was generally lower than that of the one-way slab tests due to a lack of the transverse load effects which influenced the frictional resistance between the concrete slab and the steel deck.

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Further Studies Of Composite Slab Strength, Angela S. Terry, Samuel W. Easterling Oct 1994

Further Studies Of Composite Slab Strength, Angela S. Terry, Samuel W. Easterling

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The results to date of a research program focusing on the strength of composite slabs are described. Full-scale experimental slab tests are compared to strengths calculated using the Steel Deck Institute Composite Deck Design Handbook. Based on the comparisons, recommendations are made for modifications to the calculation procedures.

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Review Of Concepts Concerning Bond Of Steel Decking, Mark Patrick, Russell Q. Bridge Oct 1994

Review Of Concepts Concerning Bond Of Steel Decking, Mark Patrick, Russell Q. Bridge

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

It is well established that bond between deformed reinforcing bars and concrete is produced by three distinct actions: chemical adhesion; friction; and mechanical interlock. However, researchers of composite slab behaviour do not generally agree on the actions which produce bond between steel decking and concrete, and the concepts they have developed in this regard are reviewed.

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Local Buckling Of Filled Sections, Howard D. Wright Oct 1994

Local Buckling Of Filled Sections, Howard D. Wright

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The buckling capacity of plates in contact with a rigid medium is greater than that for free plates. Such plates occur in sections filled with a suitably stiff material. Classical analysis is used to compare restrained and free plates.

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Tests Of Thin-Walled Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes, Martin D. O'Shea, Russell Q. Bridge Oct 1994

Tests Of Thin-Walled Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes, Martin D. O'Shea, Russell Q. Bridge

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Concrete filled tubes are likely to be economical with the use of very high strength concretes and thin-walled steel tubes. The strength of the steel tube is affected by local buckling effects which may also influence the confinement to the concrete infill. Very high strength concretes exhibit rapid unloading in the post-ultimate region. The strength of the composite column is not a simple superposition of strengths of the individual steel and concrete components. This paper describes the initial tests of an experimental program to determine the effects of local buckling on concrete filled tubes. Tubes with a diameter to wall …

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Design Of A Purlin System, C. Jiang, D. St. Quinton Oct 1994

Design Of A Purlin System, C. Jiang, D. St. Quinton

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper is concerned with the design of cold-formed steel structural members which span between the frames of a building and carry cladding which is usually either single- or double-skin profiled metal sheeting or a sandwich panel. The cladding is fIxed to these purlins or sheeting rails at regular intervals and the performance in service, and therefore the design, is strongly influenced by interaction with the sheeting. The connection between the purlins and the supporting structure also has a significant influence on performance so that, historically, the emphasis has tended to be on empirical methods of design rather than detailed …

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Light-Gauge Engineering In Today's Marketplace - The Challenges, Gene Farach, Robert C. Grupe Jr. Oct 1994

Light-Gauge Engineering In Today's Marketplace - The Challenges, Gene Farach, Robert C. Grupe Jr.

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Light-gauge has tremendous potential in the construction industry. It is a material which affords more carrying capacity per less weight. Thus less material needs to be used which leads to a reduction in labor and subsequent reduction in cost, light-gauge is a durable, recyclable product, environmentally friendly in keeping with today's concern for the world around us. It is resistant to insects such as termites, mold mildew, rotting, drying out, warping and non combustible. However the reality remains that if research and development is not undertaken soon, the window of current demand may be short lived. We must accept that …

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Comparison Of A Non-Linear Purlin Model With Tests, Catherine J. Rousch, Gregory J. Hancock Oct 1994

Comparison Of A Non-Linear Purlin Model With Tests, Catherine J. Rousch, Gregory J. Hancock

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

A non-linear elastic analysis has been developed for determining the lateral deflections of, and stresses in, the unconnected flanges of simply-supported and continuous channel and Z-section purlins screw-fastened to sheeting and subject to either wind uplift or gravity loading. The analysis incorporates a model, based on a combination of those developed by Pekoz and Soroushian, and Thomasson, which depicts the unconnected purlin flange as a beam-column. The restraint against lateral deflection is provided primarily by the sheeting, and is represented by a linear extensional spring of stiffness k located at the level of the unconnected purlin flange. To verify the …

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Reference Section Method For Local Web Buckling, T. K. Sooi, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz Oct 1994

Reference Section Method For Local Web Buckling, T. K. Sooi, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The present AISI effective width approach for determining flexural section capacities of sections with slender webs requires an iterative approach. A simplified method, called the Reference Section Method or RSM, which eliminates the need for iteration is presented and discussed. The reference section is defined as one that is similar to the actual section except for the web height. This simplified method is based on the premise that the flexural capacity of a section with slender webs is proportional to that of a reference section with compact web. The ratio of the web height of the actual section to that …

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Flexural Capacity Of Continuous Span Standing Seam Panels: Gravity Load, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz Oct 1994

Flexural Capacity Of Continuous Span Standing Seam Panels: Gravity Load, Reynaud Serrette, Teoman Pekoz

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The standing seam panel is one of the most practical and economical roofing systems developed in recent years. Construction of the roof system requires that the panel legs be overlapped and crimped. Under gravity load, the crimped outstanding leg of the connected panels may be subject to distortional buckling. A design method was previously suggested for estimating the distortional buckling strength of the outstanding leg of a single simply supported standing seam panel. In this paper, an approximate method is present for estimating the capacity of a system of interconnected continuous span standing seam panels. Experimental results for three full-scale …

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Cold-Formed Steel Sections For Transmission Towers, David Odaisky, Dimos Polyzios, Glenn Morris Oct 1994

Cold-Formed Steel Sections For Transmission Towers, David Odaisky, Dimos Polyzios, Glenn Morris

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Hydro-electric transmission towers are traditionally built using hot-rolled angles. However cold formed angles are becoming more popular as replacements for hot-rolled angles, especially in the smaller angle sizes. In addition to conventional 90° angles, a wide range of shapes can be produced, in sizes to suit individual project requirements. In particular, cold-forming can be used to provide stiffening lips to prevent local buckling of thin wide elements, to optimize shapes so that longer unbraced lengths can be used, and to create shapes such as 60° angles for triangular towers. A research project was carried out at the University of Manitoba …

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Stub Column Study Using Welded, Cold-Reduced Steel, L. Randy Daudet, K. H. Klippstein Oct 1994

Stub Column Study Using Welded, Cold-Reduced Steel, L. Randy Daudet, K. H. Klippstein

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The primary goal of the subject study was to investigate the behavior and load capacity of stub columns using cold-reduced, low-ductility steel versus un-reduced, normal-ductility steel. Specimens that were cold-reduced were also welded transversely across the entire stud cross section. Therefore, this study also yielded data with regard to the axial performance of welded studs. In addition, since stub columns were punched and un-punched, further conclusions can be drawn about the effect of a weld located at a web perforation. A total of 133 stub column tests were performed at the Dietrich Material Testing Laboratory in Hammond, Indiana, between December …

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Missouri S&T Magazine, Winter 1994, Miner Alumni Association Oct 1994

Missouri S&T Magazine, Winter 1994, Miner Alumni Association

Missouri S&T Magazine

No abstract provided.

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The Missouri Miner, October 12, 1994 Oct 1994

The Missouri Miner, October 12, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

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The Missouri Miner, October 05, 1994 Oct 1994

The Missouri Miner, October 05, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

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A Novel Microwave Method For Detection Of Long Surface Cracks In Metals, Chin-Yung Yeh, R. Zoughi Oct 1994

A Novel Microwave Method For Detection Of Long Surface Cracks In Metals, Chin-Yung Yeh, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel microwave technique for detecting long surface cracks in metals is described. This technique utilizes an open-ended waveguide to probe the surface of a metal. In the absence of a crack the metal surface is seen as a relatively good short-circuit load. However, in the presence of a crack higher order modes are generated which in turn change the reflection properties at the waveguide aperture. This change brings about a perturbation in the standing wave characteristics which is then probed by a diode detector. The experimental and theoretical foundations of this technique are given, along with several examples. It …

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Quantum Electromagnetic Wormholes And Geometrical Description Of The Electric Charge, Marco Cavaglia Oct 1994

Quantum Electromagnetic Wormholes And Geometrical Description Of The Electric Charge, Marco Cavaglia

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

I present and discuss a class of solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation describing wormholes generated by coupling of gravity to the electromagnetic field for Kantowski-Sachs and Bianchi type-I spacetimes. Since the electronic charge can be viewed as electric lines of force trapped in a finite region of spacetime, these solutions can be interpreted as the quantum corresponding to the Einstein-Rosen-Misner-Wheeler electromagnetic geon.

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The Missouri Miner, September 28, 1994 Sep 1994

The Missouri Miner, September 28, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

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The Missouri Miner, September 21, 1994 Sep 1994

The Missouri Miner, September 21, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

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The Missouri Miner, September 14, 1994 Sep 1994

The Missouri Miner, September 14, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

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The Missouri Miner, September 07, 1994 Sep 1994

The Missouri Miner, September 07, 1994

The Missouri Miner Newspaper

No abstract provided.

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Eighth-Order Explicit Symplecticrunge-Kutta-Nyström Integrators, Daniel I. Okunbor, Eric J. Lu Sep 1994

Eighth-Order Explicit Symplecticrunge-Kutta-Nyström Integrators, Daniel I. Okunbor, Eric J. Lu

Computer Science Technical Reports

We consider the solution of Hamiltonian dynamical systems by constructing eighth-order explicit symplectic Runge-Kutta-Nyström integrators. The application of highorder integrators may be important in areas such as in astronomy. They require large number of function evaluations, which make them computationally expensive and easily susceptible to errors. The integrators developed in this paper require 17 function evaluations as opposed to the 26-stage (effectively 24) eighth-order explicit symplectic Runge-Kutta-Nyström method derived by Calvo and Sanz-Serna. Numerical tests using the 2-Body and the sine-Gordon problems indicate that our methods are comparable to that of Calvo and Sanz-Serna and Yoshida.

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Effect Of Additives On Anomalous Deposition In Zinc-Cobalt Alloy Electrogalvanizing, H. M. Wang, Thomas J. O'Keefe Sep 1994

Effect Of Additives On Anomalous Deposition In Zinc-Cobalt Alloy Electrogalvanizing, H. M. Wang, Thomas J. O'Keefe

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Alloys of Zn-Co were deposited from sulphate electrolytes containing various additives to study their influence on the anomalous behavior of the reactions. The effects of antimony, germanium and arsenic on the Zn-Co alloy composition and structure were examined. The results showed that the composition and structure of Zn-Co alloys deposited could be dramatically changed by antimony, and to a lesser extent by germanium and arsenic. A concentration of Sb(III) as low as 5 mg dm-3 increased the cobalt content by a factor of approximately 3; however, the deposit morphology was very dendritic. Germanium additions nearly doubled the cobalt content and …

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Neutron-Diffraction And Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Tb₂Fe₁₇₋ₓalₓ Solid Solutions, Gaya Kanishka Marasinghe, Sanjay R. Mishra, Oran Allan Pringle, Gary J. Long, Zhong Bo Hu, William B. Yelon, Fernande Grandjean, D. P. Middleton, K. H. J. Buschow Sep 1994

Neutron-Diffraction And Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Tb₂Fe₁₇₋ₓalₓ Solid Solutions, Gaya Kanishka Marasinghe, Sanjay R. Mishra, Oran Allan Pringle, Gary J. Long, Zhong Bo Hu, William B. Yelon, Fernande Grandjean, D. P. Middleton, K. H. J. Buschow

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The magnetic properties of a series of Tb2Fe17-xAlx solid solutions, with nominal x compositions of 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, have been studied by neutron diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Neutron-diffraction data indicate that the compounds all crystallize with the Th2Zn17 structure and that the aluminum atoms are excluded from the 9d site and show a distinct preference for the 6c site only for an aluminum content greater than 6. The unit-cell volume increases by approximately 1% per aluminum atom substituted in the formula unit. The magnetic moment per …

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Differential Double Excitation Cross Sections In Proton-Helium Collisions Studied By Energy-Loss Spectroscopy, W. T. Htwe, Tibor Vajnai, M. Barnhart, A. D. Gaus, Michael Schulz Sep 1994

Differential Double Excitation Cross Sections In Proton-Helium Collisions Studied By Energy-Loss Spectroscopy, W. T. Htwe, Tibor Vajnai, M. Barnhart, A. D. Gaus, Michael Schulz

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have measured ion energy-loss spectra for 150 keV proton-helium collisions as a function of the projectile scattering angle. From the data we obtained double excitation cross sections differential in the proton scattering angle as well as the ratios of both double excitation and single ionization to single excitation. In these ratios pronounced peak structures are observed at about 0.7 mrad. Two alternative interpretations of these peak structures are offered: They may be due to binary collisions between the projectile and the target electrons, or they could be a manifestation of an interference between different transition amplitudes leading to the …

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