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Nonlinear Dynamic Impedance Of Pile Group Foundation, K. Miura, K. Masuda, T. Maeda, T. Kobori Apr 1995

Nonlinear Dynamic Impedance Of Pile Group Foundation, K. Miura, K. Masuda, T. Maeda, T. Kobori

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The dynamic impedance of a pile group must be determined to perform a dynamic response analysis of the structure it supports. This problem has attracted continued research interest, but most research to date has been on linear soil media. When the excitation level becomes large during an earthquake or a machine type excitation, stress concentration occurs in the soil surrounding the pile, causing the soil to behave nonlinearly. Calculation of pile group impedance necessitates analysis of pile-soil-pile interaction. Any soil nonlinearity around the piles must be taken into account in this analysis. However, the effect of nonlinearity on dynamic impedance …

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A Study Of Lateral Bearing Capacity Of Pile By Dynamic Test, Guang-Yun Gao, Xian-Jian Yang, Yi-Dai Liu Apr 1995

A Study Of Lateral Bearing Capacity Of Pile By Dynamic Test, Guang-Yun Gao, Xian-Jian Yang, Yi-Dai Liu

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In order to improve the knowledge of the Lateral Loading behavior of artificially drilled cast-in-place concrete piles, the full-scale lateral static and dynamic loading tests of eleven piles had been carried out by the authors in Louyang, China. In this paper, the principle of laterally dynamic pile test is discussed. The results of the static and dynamic tests performed in the light of different diameter piles are analyzed comparatively. It is found that the critical loads defined by the dynamic testing are almost identical with results of the static testing ones. Thus we come to a conclusion that the lateral …

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Large Amplitude Settlements Of Oil Storage Tanks, Medhat A. Haroun, Yunxia Wang, Wajdi Abou-Lzzeddine, Nicolino Mode Apr 1995

Large Amplitude Settlements Of Oil Storage Tanks, Medhat A. Haroun, Yunxia Wang, Wajdi Abou-Lzzeddine, Nicolino Mode

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The measured profile of large-amplitude settlements of an oil storage tank was analyzed by the finite element method. Both geometric and material nonlinearities were included in the finite element analysis. Stresses and deformations, based on available qualification criteria, were examined. The results showed that most criteria in use today for the tank shell and the bottom plate are overly conservative. The calculated response of the existing operational tank under the measured large-amplitude settlements confirmed such an observation.

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Effect Of Soil Properties On Foundation Settlements Under Earthquake Loading, M. Tehranizadeh Apr 1995

Effect Of Soil Properties On Foundation Settlements Under Earthquake Loading, M. Tehranizadeh

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An analytical study is carried out to predict the immediate settlement of the structures during earthquake loadings. In this analysis a three dimensions mathematical model is used to investigate the behavior of the whole system consisting of soil -foundation and structure. The deformation of different points of the foundation as well as the other parts of the structure are calculated. The time acceleration record of Tabas earthquake was used as an earthquake type of loading. The effect of the main factors on the elastic settlement of the structure such as soil elastic modulus, foundation thickness, weight of the structure and …

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Discussions And Replies — Session V, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Discussions And Replies — Session V, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Mine Tailings Deposition Practices, Liquefaction Potential And Stability Implications, D. S. Hallman, R. Dorey Apr 1995

Mine Tailings Deposition Practices, Liquefaction Potential And Stability Implications, D. S. Hallman, R. Dorey

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Typical mine tailings characteristics resulting from different deposition practices are discussed. The potential for liquefaction of the tailings during seismic events is presented. A discussion of how the tailings deposition method can affect the liquefaction potential is included. Tailings dam construction techniques are reviewed and evaluated with respect to the tailings deposition method and liquefaction potential. A case history is presented to illustrate how the tailings dam construction method must be coordinated with the method of tailings deposition.

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Karameh Earth Dam, A Challenging Project, Abdallah I. Husein, Robert Y. Liang, Jamal H. Nusairat Apr 1995

Karameh Earth Dam, A Challenging Project, Abdallah I. Husein, Robert Y. Liang, Jamal H. Nusairat

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The under construction Karameh dam is situated in the Dead Sea Rift (32.00°N, 35.50°E), the boundary between the Arabian and African-Sinai plates. The primary seismic source contributing to the hazard at the Karameh dam site is the active Jordan Valley fault which extends from the Dead Sea to the Sea of Galilee (from 30.90°N to 32.93°N at a longitude of 35.50°E), with an expected maximum earthquake magnitude of 7.8, and passes under the right abutment of the dam body. This paper presents the analysis of the dam under the earthquake loading. This includes the stability analysis of dam embankment under …

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Backanalysis Of Deformations For Case Histories Involving Flow-Type Failures, John P. Sully, Américo Fernández, Sara Zalzman Apr 1995

Backanalysis Of Deformations For Case Histories Involving Flow-Type Failures, John P. Sully, Américo Fernández, Sara Zalzman

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The results obtained from back analyses of two case histories of failures of small earth dams resulting from liquefaction of foundation soils are presented. The analyses have been performed in order to evaluate the deformation parameters used in a finite difference model (developed by Woodward-Clyde Associates), specifically those relevant to the liquefied soil layer. For both case histories, the final deformed shape of the earth dam is known and serves as a basis for comparing the results from the numerical study, in terms of the deformation moduli employed.

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Response Of Earth Dams Subjected To Obliquely Incident P And Sv Waves, Hassan M. Abouseeda, Panos Dakoulas Apr 1995

Response Of Earth Dams Subjected To Obliquely Incident P And Sv Waves, Hassan M. Abouseeda, Panos Dakoulas

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A study of the effects of dam-foundation interaction on the response of earth dams to obliquely incident P and SV waves is presented. The numerical formulation combines the Finite Element Method and the Boundary Equation Method in a powerful hybrid technique. The FEM has been proven very efficient for finite size elastodynamics problems, but several previously suggested modifications for handling infinite domain dynamic problems seem to be either computationally expensive or have serious limitations on the geometry and excitation. The BEM is employed to solve the half space problem using exact Green's functions to compute the half space stiffness, which …

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Transient Seismic Response Of Irregular Sites, Hirokazu Takemiya, Maher Adam, Shingo Yasui Apr 1995

Transient Seismic Response Of Irregular Sites, Hirokazu Takemiya, Maher Adam, Shingo Yasui

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Presented is the transient seismic response of alluviums with due account for the configuration and the size in view of incident wave type and the length, besides the stiffness contrast to the underlain far extending base. The BEM-FEM hybrid computation is taken in order to give a clear interpretation to the seismic wave scattering and propagation. Parametric studies are performed aiming at acquiring the relevant soil amplification which is useful information for the structural design on irregular site.

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Effect Of Built Environment On "Free-Field" Motion For Very Soft, Urbanized Sites, Pierre-Yves Bard, Armand Wirgin Apr 1995

Effect Of Built Environment On "Free-Field" Motion For Very Soft, Urbanized Sites, Pierre-Yves Bard, Armand Wirgin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A preliminary numerical investigation is presented on the long distance effects of soil-structure interaction for important buildings located on soft soils. A simple 20 model is considered, with homogeneous rectangular buildings resting on a single, horizontal, soft layer overlying a much stiffer half-space, impinged by SH waves. Computations are made for different parameter sets, in order to analyze the respective effects of the main parameters: clay layer thickness and frequency, building size, and spacing between buildings. For realistic building properties, wave diffraction related with soil- structure interaction is shown to alter the "free-field" surface motion up to distances of at …

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Site Specific Seismic/Geologic Hazards Risk Zoning, F. R. Bickner, D. N. Lindberg, R. C. Chaney Apr 1995

Site Specific Seismic/Geologic Hazards Risk Zoning, F. R. Bickner, D. N. Lindberg, R. C. Chaney

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A site specific risk zoning study was conducted on a Junior College Campus near Eureka, California, USA to evaluate the potential seismic/geologic hazards due to the presence of a 1 km wide low angle thrust fault system. Issues addressed to determine the level of risk at any location on the campus include: land sliding, earthquake ground shaking, ground surface rupture and deformation, lateral spreading, liquefaction, differential settlement, and tsunamis. Based on these potential hazards, a micro-zonation model was developed based on 13 different zones and 5 levels of risk. Information for use in this model was collected using a combination …

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The Amplification Of Seismic Waves In Tehran, S. M. Mir Mohammad Hosseini Apr 1995

The Amplification Of Seismic Waves In Tehran, S. M. Mir Mohammad Hosseini

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Vibrations of the bedrock due to earthquakes are transferred to the ground level via different soil layers. The arrived waves in the ground surface which affect the superstructures are usually stronger than those induced in the bedrock, depending on the geological and geotechnical characteristics of the soil layers. In this paper the influence of different geotechnical parameters of a site on the amplification of earthquake waves are investigated using the mathematical equations of wave’s propagation in a visco-elastic half-space medium. A special computer software was used to analyze the geotechnical data of a site in the western part of Tehran. …

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Damage To Agricultural Facilities Caused By The 1993 Kushiro-Oki And Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquakes, S. Tani Apr 1995

Damage To Agricultural Facilities Caused By The 1993 Kushiro-Oki And Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquakes, S. Tani

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Two large earthquakes struck Japan during only a 6 month period in 1993: Kushiro-oki on January 15 and Hokkaido Nansei-oki on July 12. Both caused a lot of damage to facilities, including installations such as farm roads, reclaimed farmland, channels, head works, drainage pump stations, pipelines and fill dams. In this paper, we present an outline of the damage to agricultural facilities and its features.

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Soil-Response Analyses For The 1990 South-East Sicily Earthquake, M. Maugeri, S. M. Frenna Apr 1995

Soil-Response Analyses For The 1990 South-East Sicily Earthquake, M. Maugeri, S. M. Frenna

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In spite of relative low, magnitude comparing with the historical destructive earthquake of the region, South-East Sicily was damaged by the 13/12/1990 earthquake, with estimated magnitude of 5.4; in the town of Augusta and Lentini even concrete buildings had severely damaged. The present paper deals with results from analytical soil amplification studies using actual soil profiles from Augusta site. To investigate dynamic soil behavior, field test as cross-hole and down hole were performed, and laboratory test as resonant column and cyclic triaxal tests were executed. Results indicate that, when using proper laboratory and field measurements of soil properties, one-dimensional soil …

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Scattering Of Sh-Waves By Arbitrary Surface Topography, M. E. Manoogian, V. W. Lee Apr 1995

Scattering Of Sh-Waves By Arbitrary Surface Topography, M. E. Manoogian, V. W. Lee

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The weighted residual method was applied to the problem of scattering and diffraction of plane SH-waves by a shallow alluvial valley of arbitrary shape on the surface of a two-dimensional half-space. The formulation was also applied to the case of a shallow canyon. In order to demonstrate the versatility of the method, it was applied to shallow circular, shallow elliptical, and shallow rectangular canyons and alluvial valleys. Results obtained for the cases of a semi-cylindrical and a shallow semi-elliptical valleys and canyons match those obtained using closed form solutions. It was shown that significant ground motion amplifications, with respect to …

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Stress Wave Propagation In Unsaturated Sands, G. E. Veyera, C. A. Ross Apr 1995

Stress Wave Propagation In Unsaturated Sands, G. E. Veyera, C. A. Ross

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Wave transmission tests were conducted on specimens of Eglin and Ottawa 20-30 sands at saturations varying from dry to near 100% using a Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar. Specimens were compacted to a constant dry density in a thick-walled stainless steel container using a standard Proctor hammer. Compacted specimens were loaded in undrained, dynamic uniaxial confined compression at strain rates of approximately 13/s to 19/s. Tests were conducted on dry specimens; specimens compacted moist and tested moist; specimens compacted moist and dried before testing. For a constant input stress, transmitted stress and compressional wave propagation velocity were seen to vary with saturation. …

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Response Of Alluvial Valleys To Incident Sh, Sv And P Waves, S. Ahmad, K. L. Fishman, H. Xue Apr 1995

Response Of Alluvial Valleys To Incident Sh, Sv And P Waves, S. Ahmad, K. L. Fishman, H. Xue

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Results of an extensive numerical study on two dimensional wave scattering by valleys of semi-elliptical cross section due to incident SH, SV and P waves are presented. The investigation has been conducted using a rigorous Boundary element algorithm. The influence of key parameters, such as, valley depth, impedance ratio, frequency, and angle of incidence on surface ground motion are studied in detail. Furthermore, the case of a valley within a layered half space is analyzed and results compared with those obtained for a valley within a homogeneous half space.

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Assessment Of Ground Vibration From Passing Train, Ján Benčat Apr 1995

Assessment Of Ground Vibration From Passing Train, Ján Benčat

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Increasing demands on speed increase, higher axle on transportation over dimensional and heavy loads cause simultaneous increase of unfavorable traffic effect on the structures of railways and on the train-induced ground vibration, respectively. This paper examines the residual problems of ground-borne vibration, the vehicle and track features which might be responsible for generation, how it is propagated, and how it might affect. A few of experimental results which have been obtained during studies made on Slovak Railways (ZSR) are presented in the paper, too.

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Response Of Embedded Circular Flexible Foundations, N. Gucunski Apr 1995

Response Of Embedded Circular Flexible Foundations, N. Gucunski

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The stiffness matrix approach to the solution of vertical vibrations of a circular flexible foundation embedded in a viscoelastic layered half-space have been described. Results of a parametric study, represented by displacement and soil reaction distributions and impedances, indicate a significantly different responses of flexible and rigid foundations. Important parameters are identified and include: the stiffness ratio, depth of embedment, soil stratification and loading distribution. Influence of each of the parameters is discussed.

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Vibrations Of Impact Machine Foundations And Footing Settlements, M. R. Svinkin Apr 1995

Vibrations Of Impact Machine Foundations And Footing Settlements, M. R. Svinkin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Foundations under machinery that produce impact loads, such as in forge shops, are major industrial sources of wave propagation in soil. The resulting vertical soil vibrations may cause dynamic settlements of column footings. Analyzing of a number of case histories shows that dynamic settlements of footings under columns and connected with them exterior walls at forge shops occur relatively slowly when the soil conditions are different from saturated sands. There are other causes of extensive damage of shop exterior walls. For predicting the dynamic settlements from new machine foundations, it is necessary to know expected footing vibrations. These vibrations can …

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Non-Linear Response Of Foundation Systems Subjected To Vertical Machine Type Loading, Hatem Eibastawisy, Shamsher Prakash Apr 1995

Non-Linear Response Of Foundation Systems Subjected To Vertical Machine Type Loading, Hatem Eibastawisy, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Vertical vibration tests on surface and embedded footings of different dimensions were performed by Fry (1963) and Beredugo (1971). Analytical predictions were reported by Manyando (1991) based on nonlinear, frequency independent stiffness and damping coefficients for surface foundations. The authors present, in this paper, a mathematical model for predicting the response, in terms of amplitude versus frequency, for surface or embedded, irregular shaped foundations system under vertical vibration considering soil non-linearity and frequency dependent stiffness and geometrical damping parameters. The frequency dependent stiffness and geometrical damping parameters are based on Gazetas's work (1991). The predicted and measured natural frequency and …

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Ground Motions From The Northridge Earthquake, Susan W. Chang, Jonathan D. Bray, Raymond B. Seed Apr 1995

Ground Motions From The Northridge Earthquake, Susan W. Chang, Jonathan D. Bray, Raymond B. Seed

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The magnitude, duration and frequency content of ground motions from the Northridge Earthquake are analyzed and compared to predictive relationships typically used in engineering design and to the 1994 Uniform Building Code. The effect of geologic conditions on localized damage patterns is shown to be important for this earthquake, even though many of the sites within the affected region are stiff soil sites classified as UBC sites S1 or S2.

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Table Of Contents, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Table Of Contents, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Conference Schedule, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Conference Schedule, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Three-Dimensional Cyclic Behaviour Of Interfaces, E. Evgin, K. Fakharian Apr 1995

Three-Dimensional Cyclic Behaviour Of Interfaces, E. Evgin, K. Fakharian

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A new apparatus is used to study the behavior of an interface between dry sand and a rough surface under three dimensional cyclic loading conditions. A simple shear type of soil container is utilized in the experiments to investigate the coupling effects of two orthogonal shear stresses acting on the interface. The significance of the results are discussed with reference to the behavior of axially-laterally loaded piles.

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Simple Shear Versus Direct Shear Tests On Interfaces During Cyclic Loading, K. Fakharian, E. Evgin Apr 1995

Simple Shear Versus Direct Shear Tests On Interfaces During Cyclic Loading, K. Fakharian, E. Evgin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An apparatus capable of direct shear type and simple shear type testing of interfaces between soil and structural materials is developed. A series of monotonic and cyclic tests are conducted at the interfaces between dry sand and a rough surface under constant normal stress conditions with both methods. The test results indicate that the peak and residual shear strengths obtained from direct shear and simple shear are approximately the same. However, the simple shear box permits separate measurements of shear deformation of the sand mass and also sliding at the contact surface.

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Cyclic Testing Of Aggregates For Pavement Design, M. M. Zaman, Dar-Hao Chen, J. G. Laguros Apr 1995

Cyclic Testing Of Aggregates For Pavement Design, M. M. Zaman, Dar-Hao Chen, J. G. Laguros

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Two most commonly encountered aggregates that are used as subbases/bases of roadways in Oklahoma were selected and tested under cyclic loading to evaluate their Resilient Modulus (RM). Following the repeated triaxial RM testing, the specimens were subjected to the triaxial compression tests from which the parameters of cohesion (C), and friction angle (Φ) were obtained. A good statistical correlation was established between RM and C and Φ. The repeated triaxial RM testing procedure serves as a “conditioning” prior to the static triaxial compression and it simulates the loads imposed by the moving vehicle. The effects of conditioning on C and …

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Nonlinear Cyclic Stress-Strain Relations Of Soils, K. Nakagawa, K. Soga Apr 1995

Nonlinear Cyclic Stress-Strain Relations Of Soils, K. Nakagawa, K. Soga

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A cyclic torsional shear testing system was developed to measure the dynamic properties of soils at a wide range of strain levels (10-4 ~ 1%). Use of proximity transducer and pneumatic actuator in a closed loop system enabled us to measure the deformation at very small strains. A new simple nonlinear model of G/Gmax = 1/(α+γβ) agreed well with the test results of various geologic materials. In this model, parameter a represents the strain at which the stiffness starts to decrease, and parameter α controls the rate of the stiffness degradation. Loose sands had larger α …

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Random Displacement Modulus And Damping Determination, R. C. Chaney Apr 1995

Random Displacement Modulus And Damping Determination, R. C. Chaney

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Modulus and damping values were determined for both undisturbed and remolded silty sand specimens by cyclic triaxial methods utilizing both sinusoidal and random displacement stroke control. Remolded specimens were prepared at 3 different dry unit weights using a preparation technique that gave the same formation factor as the undisturbed specimen. Results indicated that the random displacement method tends to produce results which are similar to those obtained by the sinusoidal procedure at shearing strain levels less than 10-1 %. At shearing strain levels greater than 10-1 % the random displacement method gives lower modulus and higher damping ratio …

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