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Seismic Retrofit Of Crane Valley Dam, David Ritzman, Faiz Makdisi, Joseph De Larios, Joseph Sun, Charles Ahlgren Apr 2013

Seismic Retrofit Of Crane Valley Dam, David Ritzman, Faiz Makdisi, Joseph De Larios, Joseph Sun, Charles Ahlgren

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Crane Valley Dam is located on the North Fork of Willow Creek in Madera County, California, and is owned by Pacific Gas & Electric Company (PG&E). The results of seismic stability analyses performed in 2005 and 2006 showed that the dam’s hydraulic fill embankments would experience large deformations during and after the earthquake shaking postulated for the site. To improve the seismic stability and performance of the dam, PG&E initiated the Crane Valley Dam Seismic Retrofit Project (Project), which includes placing new rockfill buttresses on the upstream and downstream slopes of the dam, constructing internal drainage improvements, reinforcing portions of …


Selection Of Most Appropriate Procedures For Seismic Evaluation Of Levees Based On Case Histories, Vlad Perlea, Khaled Chowdhury, Mary Perlea, George Hu Apr 2013

Selection Of Most Appropriate Procedures For Seismic Evaluation Of Levees Based On Case Histories, Vlad Perlea, Khaled Chowdhury, Mary Perlea, George Hu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The current methodology for embankment dams evaluation is not appropriate for levees of low heights, which have little effect on the stress state of the foundation soil and, therefore, on its response to the seismic action. In many cases the liquefaction potential of the alluvial deposits is not affected by the levee presence, although is the main factor in levee degradation. Lateral spreading of liquefiable foundation is the main cause of small levee cracking and settlement induced by earthquakes. On the other part, the procedures recommended for evaluation of lateral spreading are not directly applicable to the analysis of levees. …


Influenced Factor Of Site Information On The Environmental Ground, Katsuya Tanaka, Kiyoshi Hayakawa, Shuuji Honda Apr 2013

Influenced Factor Of Site Information On The Environmental Ground, Katsuya Tanaka, Kiyoshi Hayakawa, Shuuji Honda

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The relationship between “Landform Geology Classification” factor of site information and environmental ground vibration caused by the public transportation in metropolitan was related, and considered.


L'Aquila Seismic Event On 6th April 2009: Site Effects And Critical Points In Microzonation Activity Within The Aterno Valley Municipalities, Mario Luigi Rainone, Patrizio Signanini, Giovanna Vessia, Pasquale Greco, Sara Di Benedetto Apr 2013

L'Aquila Seismic Event On 6th April 2009: Site Effects And Critical Points In Microzonation Activity Within The Aterno Valley Municipalities, Mario Luigi Rainone, Patrizio Signanini, Giovanna Vessia, Pasquale Greco, Sara Di Benedetto

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

L’Aquila earthquake was a complex seismic event characterized by its main shock on 6th April 2009 with magnitude Mw=6.3 and many foreshocks and aftershocks that stroke the whole Aterno River Valley from November 2008 up to September 2009. The huge amount of strong-motion records collected by permanent and temporary stations placed in the valley show a heterogeneous seismic hazard scenario related to different damage levels. With respect to the seismological features of the records within the “crater” (that is the portion of the Aterno Valley which suffered the strongest struck), they show “near field” and “near source” characters although the …


Banda Aceh-Indonesia Ground Response Analysis During The 2004 Indian Ocean Mega Earthquake, Bambang Setiawan, Wahyu Budi Kusuma Apr 2013

Banda Aceh-Indonesia Ground Response Analysis During The 2004 Indian Ocean Mega Earthquake, Bambang Setiawan, Wahyu Budi Kusuma

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The site response effect i.e. soil amplification has caused major structure damages founded on thick soft soils. Banda Aceh, Indonesia is underlain by approximately 70m to 206m thick alluvium. Thus, site-specific ground response analysis of Banda Aceh is necessary to be warranted. Due to the absence of strong motion records during the 2004 Indian Ocean mega earthquake duplication of synthetic strong motions are used in this study. Subsequently, ground response analysis was carried out by using computer programs of NERA. The results of the site-specific ground response studies expose the real Banda Aceh’s soil response during the 2004 Sumatran mega …


Geotechnical Problems In The 2011 Tohoku Pacific Earthquakes, Kohji Tokimatsu, Hiroko Suzuki, Kota Katsumata, Shuji Tamura Apr 2013

Geotechnical Problems In The 2011 Tohoku Pacific Earthquakes, Kohji Tokimatsu, Hiroko Suzuki, Kota Katsumata, Shuji Tamura

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An overview of the geotechnical aspects of the building damage in the 2011 Tohoku Pacific earthquake is presented, based on field reconnaissance made after the quake. It is shown that: (1) Extensive soil liquefaction occurred along the coast of Tokyo Bay and around the Tonegawa River floodplain. Liquefaction primarily occurred within relatively new reclaimed area, with large ground settlement up to 60 cm, accompanied by settlement/tilting of wooden and reinforced concrete buildings supported on spread foundations; (2) Numerous houses in Sendai’s hilly residential areas constructed with cut-and-fill methods were badly damaged not only by simple collapse of retaining walls, but …


Performance Appraisal Of Ballasted Rail Track Stabilised By Geosynthetic Reinforcement And Shock Mats, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay Nimbalkar, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn Apr 2013

Performance Appraisal Of Ballasted Rail Track Stabilised By Geosynthetic Reinforcement And Shock Mats, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay Nimbalkar, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Rail tracks serve the principal mode of transportation for bulk freight and passengers in Australia. Ballast is an essential constituent governing the overall stability and performance of rail tracks. However, large repetitive loads from heavy haul and passenger trains often lead to excessive deformation and degradation of the ballast layer, which necessitate frequent and expensive track maintenance works. In Australia, the high cost of track maintenance is often associated with ballast degradation, fouling (e.g. coal and subgrade soil) and associated poor drainage, differential settlement of track, pumping of subgrade soils, and track misalignment due to excessive lateral movements. With increased …


General Report - Session 5, Dimitrios Zekkos, Neven Matasovic, Daniel A. Vellone Apr 2013

General Report - Session 5, Dimitrios Zekkos, Neven Matasovic, Daniel A. Vellone

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This General Report summarizes the papers submitted to Session 5 titled “Case Histories and Failure of Geological, Rock and Mining Engineering, including Underground Structures and Excavations, and Subsidence of Deltas, Anticipation, Characterization, Design and Construction in the Geological Complexity of Mélanges, Fault Rocks, Weathered Rocks, Boulder Colluvium, Lahars, and Similar Bimrocks (Block-in-Matrix Rocks) and Rock/Soil Mixtures.” A total of eleven papers covering the broad session themes described above were submitted. The geographic distribution of the case histories is listed in Table 1. Overall, five papers were submitted from Asia, two from Africa, two from North America, and two from Europe.


Paper Review Committee, Multiple Members Apr 2013

Paper Review Committee, Multiple Members

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.


Case Study: Application Of The Observational Method Using High Strain Dynamic Tests, Adolfo C. Caicedo-Aspiazu, Nelson Caicedo Apr 2013

Case Study: Application Of The Observational Method Using High Strain Dynamic Tests, Adolfo C. Caicedo-Aspiazu, Nelson Caicedo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In-situ High Strain Dynamic Testing (HSDT) was developed more than 40 years ago. When a hammer or drop weight strikes the top of a pile, a compressive stress wave travels down its shaft at a speed that is a function of the elastic modulus and mass density. The impact induces a force and particle velocity at the top of the pile that can be measured using accelerometers and strain gauges. This paper discusses the theory behind using HSDT instruments and the procedures to calculate the capacity of the pile. The role of selecting the proper instrument to record them is …


Experiences In Large Slope Stability Problems Under Complex Geology, Camilo Marulanda, Alberto Marulanda, Camilo Phillips Apr 2013

Experiences In Large Slope Stability Problems Under Complex Geology, Camilo Marulanda, Alberto Marulanda, Camilo Phillips

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This article presents a brief summary of the origin of metamorphic rocks, specially schist and the presence of shear or gouge zones in metamorphic rocks, as defects that induce weakness characteristics to the rock mass and that depart substantially from the traditionally evaluation of joints and discontinuities, turning eventually into failure surfaces that govern the stability conditions of surface works. The effect these weak zones inflict into the metamorphic rock mass, especially to schist, causing significant slope stability problems, is illustrated through three case histories. The presence of such defects in the rock mass, detected and analyzed by means of …


"Extreme Foundations" For Peat Deposits: Conceptual Model, Creative Thinking And Learning Process, Chee-Ming Chan Apr 2013

"Extreme Foundations" For Peat Deposits: Conceptual Model, Creative Thinking And Learning Process, Chee-Ming Chan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

As engineering is essentially an application of science and mathematics to resolve real-life, practical problems, incorporation of actual field encounters or case histories in the teaching process can facilitate better understanding among students by providing a link between the theories and the applied solutions. It is the same for geo-engineering courses, like Advanced Foundation Engineering. By introducing the study of a relevant existing case in the course, the gap between theories and field applications can be effectively bridged. It is therefore no wonder that recent years have seen increased emphasis on problem-based learning in the delivery of engineering courses. In …


Analysis Of Piled-Raft Foundation For Cai Mep Container Port, Vietnam, Nguyen Minh Hai, Bengt H. Fellenius Apr 2013

Analysis Of Piled-Raft Foundation For Cai Mep Container Port, Vietnam, Nguyen Minh Hai, Bengt H. Fellenius

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

During the last decade, a series of ports are being built along the Thi Vai River in the Mekong delta approximately 80 km southeast of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The ports are built on reclaimed ground over an about 30 to 40 m thick deposit of soft, normally consolidated, compressible clay deposited on dense to compact sand The deep foundation system typically used for buildings in this region consists of pretensioned spun high strength concrete piles driven to significant toe bearing in dense soils. Because of the anticipated significant costs of this solution, a more economical alternative foundation system …


Historical Application Of Screw-Piles And Screw-Cylinder Foundations For 19th Century Ocean Piers, Alan J. Lutenegger Apr 2013

Historical Application Of Screw-Piles And Screw-Cylinder Foundations For 19th Century Ocean Piers, Alan J. Lutenegger

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Iron Screw-Pile foundations were first introduced by Alexander Mitchell in the middle of the 19th Century for support of offshore lighthouses in shallow water ocean environments. Large diameter Screw-Piles with helical blades ranging from 2.5 ft. to 4 ft. in diameter were routinely used during this period and were constructed with either a solid iron central shaft (Screw-Pile) or a large diameter hollow cylindrical pipe shaft (Screw-Cylinder). Soon after their introduction, Screw-Piles and Screw-Cylinders were being used in pier construction, to allow ocean front piers to be constructed quickly and economically in many parts of the world, while at the …


Response Of Piled Raft Foundation On Soft Clay Under Seismic Load, Alireza Saeedi Azizkandi, Tara Maali, Mohammad Hassan Baziar Apr 2013

Response Of Piled Raft Foundation On Soft Clay Under Seismic Load, Alireza Saeedi Azizkandi, Tara Maali, Mohammad Hassan Baziar

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A number of researchers has extensively investigated the vertical load bearing mechanism of piled raft foundation, by applying elasticity theory and finite element method. The study on the load bearing mechanism under horizontal loading or during earthquakes, however, is very limited. This is partially because piled raft foundations are considered as raft foundations in the current design practice. Since the behavior of a piled raft foundation during earthquakes is considered fairly complex due to dynamic interaction among a raft, piles and a soil, the design procedure should include the effect of this mechanism in an appropriate manner. In other hands, …


Calculation Of Natural Frequency Of Earth Dams By Means Of Analytical Solution, Maryam Mahdizadeh, Ali Ghanbari Apr 2013

Calculation Of Natural Frequency Of Earth Dams By Means Of Analytical Solution, Maryam Mahdizadeh, Ali Ghanbari

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Earth dams are 3-Dimensional, huge and inhomogeneous structures that interact with water and soil. They are the most common type of dams used in the world and developing countries like Iran. Seismic analysis of earth dam is very important in regions which have been subjected with earthquake impaction several times. Calculating the natural frequency of dams is the essential part for its seismic behavior analysis. So it is very important to present an appropriate solution for calculation of natural frequency. Natural frequency of earth dams is usually calculated by means of experimental correlations, shear beam analysis (base on the height …


Design Details To Accommodate Fault Movement In A Dam Foundation, Peter A. Dickson, Joseph R. Kovacich, Georgios Raptis Apr 2013

Design Details To Accommodate Fault Movement In A Dam Foundation, Peter A. Dickson, Joseph R. Kovacich, Georgios Raptis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

During planning for dam projects, good practice usually calls for appropriate investigations to help assure the development is not located on or immediately adjacent to active faults. There are examples of projects, however, where an active fault has been discovered in or close to a dam foundation and engineering solutions have been incorporated into design to enable satisfactory performance of the dam should fault displacement occur during project operation. In some cases, the existence of such hazards only becomes evident late in the design cycle when the dam site is considered fixed and hazard avoidance is not an easy option. …


The Simplified Kzp6 Method For Tieback Wall Design In Granular And Cohesive Soils, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa Apr 2013

The Simplified Kzp6 Method For Tieback Wall Design In Granular And Cohesive Soils, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Tieback retaining walls are using as temporary shoring systems for bridge footings or other structures that need deep excavations. Design and design review process are time consuming, and the possibility of making mistakes encourages us to find a simplified method for designing the tieback walls. Tieback walls with maximum 20m height and with 1 to 4 rows of anchors is considered in this paper. Whole length of the drilled holes will be filled with grout after setting the rods or stressing cables. Sometimes for temporary shoring the rod will be anchored to a concrete block supported by dirt, so there …


Finding F.O.S For Flow Type Landslide With Static Liquefaction At Karshingsa – A Case Study, Gokul K. Bayan Apr 2013

Finding F.O.S For Flow Type Landslide With Static Liquefaction At Karshingsa – A Case Study, Gokul K. Bayan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Karshingsa is a hilly terrain situated in lower Himalayan region under Arunachal Pradesh in India. It expresses occurrence of severe landslides of debris flow nature almost every year as and when consecutive 3-month rainfall precipitation during peak monsoon period exceeds about 2,300 mm, all along the lower Himalayan region of Eurasian plateau most particularly in Karshingsa area. Study carried out in the lower belt of Arunachal Himalaya for about more than one decade proclaims that 45%-55% landslides are flow type origin, the debris of which are flowing like liquid. Mechanism of such flow failure is static liquefaction developed in a …


Case Study On The Rehabilitation Of A Distressed Retaining Wall, G. L. Sivakumar Babu, Pawan Kumar, Raja Jaladurgam Apr 2013

Case Study On The Rehabilitation Of A Distressed Retaining Wall, G. L. Sivakumar Babu, Pawan Kumar, Raja Jaladurgam

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Earth retaining structures usually need careful monitoring after construction in order to detect any signs of distress. In cases where failure is likely to occur, appropriate remedial techniques need to adopted, backed by a detailed analysis. This paper presents a case study on the rehabilitation of a retaining wall that was constructed for a bypass road project. The structure showed clear signs of distress immediately after completion and hence could not be opened for traffic. Preliminary finite element analysis of the wall showed values of factor of safety that are lesser than permissible values. The values of factor of safety …


Bridge Foundation Pile Driving Vibration Monitoring, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa Apr 2013

Bridge Foundation Pile Driving Vibration Monitoring, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In southern California a big bridge was under construction in urban area. Based on the size and depth of the steel and concrete piles some of the residential buildings within the 200ft distance from the center of the different footings (there were six footings sitting on steel pipe piles) were selected and vibration monitoring devices installed in their back yard. Some of the owners complained during the excavation process for a big channel behind their back yard before starting any pile driving operations. Three of those residential owners informed the authorities during the bottom of that big channel compaction operation …


Amirkabir Natm Tunnel — A Case Study Of Design Challenges In A Mega Project Of Tunnel In Soft Ground, Aliakbar Golshani, Ehsan Moradabadi Apr 2013

Amirkabir Natm Tunnel — A Case Study Of Design Challenges In A Mega Project Of Tunnel In Soft Ground, Aliakbar Golshani, Ehsan Moradabadi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In spite of enhancement in modeling techniques as well as site investigation methods, uncertainty exists seriously in the process of construction of underground structure in soft soils. These uncertainties arise from limited data of geological data, measurement errors, interpolation of spatially geological properties, and extrapolation of results of experiments and natural analogue studies over times and conditions relevant to the project. Robust and optimize design of tunnel support pattern consists of many important parameters including advance rate and excavation method. However, quantitative definition of these parameters is difficult because of restricting in site investigation data and uncertainties related to them. …


A Case History Of Super-Large Scale Bridge Pile Foundation In Soft Soil, Chao Yang, Guoliang Dai, Weiming Gong Apr 2013

A Case History Of Super-Large Scale Bridge Pile Foundation In Soft Soil, Chao Yang, Guoliang Dai, Weiming Gong

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Sutong Yangtze River Bridge is the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world with main span of 1088 m. The pile cap is 113.8 m by 48.1 m by 13.3 m under each pylon and the foundation is super-long large-diameter drilled pile groups consisting of 131 piles with the length of 114/117 m and the diameter of 2.8/2.5m. This paper presents the static loading tests on single piles, centrifugal model tests on pile groups, finite element analysis, cap model tests and field monitoring for the super-large scale pile foundation. The results show that: the super-long large-diameter bored pile of Sutong …


Ellis Island: Vibration Effects On Historic Buildings Caused By Pile Driving, Sixto Fernandez Apr 2013

Ellis Island: Vibration Effects On Historic Buildings Caused By Pile Driving, Sixto Fernandez

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The seawalls that surround Ellis Island were constructed in the early 1900s and now show varying degrees of deterioration. The approach to the structural repair of the seawalls consisted of installing H-piles and ground anchors for stabilization of vertical and horizontal seawall movements. The H-piles were driven through the retained soils along the seawalls to top of rock. This paper presents ground vibration data collected simultaneously by four seismographs during driving of 40 piles (up to 100 ft depth) at various distances from the historical buildings. A correlation between the recorded PPV values and the distance to pile driving is …


Geotechnical Opportunities On A Fast-Track Bridge Project, Joel W. Rinkel, Christopher G. Naida Apr 2013

Geotechnical Opportunities On A Fast-Track Bridge Project, Joel W. Rinkel, Christopher G. Naida

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The bridge for Nine Mile Road over Interstate 75 in Hazel Park, Michigan was destroyed by a tanker fire. The loss of the bridge was considered an emergency situation. Therefore, the bridge replacement was put on a fast-track schedule. Geotechnical engineering challenges included the design of shallow and deep foundations, design of light-weight backfill behind abutments, design of temporary earth retention systems to minimize traffic disruption during construction, and coordinating design changes during construction based on variable subsurface conditions. The design was based on the Bridge Design Specifications from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load …


Pressuremeter Testing In Stiff To Hard Cohesive Soils, Robert G. Lukas Apr 2013

Pressuremeter Testing In Stiff To Hard Cohesive Soils, Robert G. Lukas

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The pressuremeter which was introduced into the U.S. in about 1970 provides the geotechnical engineer with a new tool for measuring soil properties. It is conducted in-situ thereby minimizing sample disturbance. It also tests the soil under the prevailing stress conditions in the soil mass. Measurements of the failure pressure and modulus of the soil are used to predict bearing capacity and settlement. This paper discusses a few commercial projects plus sites where load tests were performed and settlement measurements were obtained for comparison to predictions based upon pressuremeter parameters.


Sally Prakash: Program Director, Spouse Program, Sally Prakash Apr 2013

Sally Prakash: Program Director, Spouse Program, Sally Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.


Ahmed Elgamal: Short Curriculum Vitae, Ahmed Elgamal Apr 2013

Ahmed Elgamal: Short Curriculum Vitae, Ahmed Elgamal

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.


Eq-1: Misco Cubrinovski, Misco Cubrinovski Apr 2013

Eq-1: Misco Cubrinovski, Misco Cubrinovski

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.


Braced Sheet Pile Shoring Wall In Sensitive Clay, Yadav Pathak, Marc Sabourin, Brian Hall, Jake Brucker Apr 2013

Braced Sheet Pile Shoring Wall In Sensitive Clay, Yadav Pathak, Marc Sabourin, Brian Hall, Jake Brucker

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This case history describes the design and performance of a temporary braced sheet pile shoring wall constructed within the median between heavily-trafficked lanes of the Trans Canada Highway in Langley near Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The excavation extended to 9.7 m depth below the existing road grade into soft, high plasticity, sensitive glaciomarine clay. Glaciomarine clay is locally notorious for excavation and embankment stability and foundation settlement problems. The shored excavation was required to provide an access pit to allow the installation of a 3 m diameter steel pipe culvert by Horizontal Pile Driving (HPD). The braced sheet pile wall …