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High-Severity Wildfires Alter Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Foraging Assemblage Structure In Montane Coniferous Forests And Grasslands In The Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, Usa, Jonathan Knudsen, Robert Parmenter, Theodore Sumnicht, Robin M. Verble Dec 2024

High-Severity Wildfires Alter Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Foraging Assemblage Structure In Montane Coniferous Forests And Grasslands In The Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, Usa, Jonathan Knudsen, Robert Parmenter, Theodore Sumnicht, Robin M. Verble

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

High-severity wildfires create heterogeneous patterns of vegetation across burned landscapes. While these spatial patterns are well-documented, less is known about the short- and long-term effects of large-scale high-severity wildfires on insect community assemblages and dynamics. Ants are bottom-up indicators of ecosystem health and function that are sensitive to disturbance and fill a variety of roles in their ecosystems, including altering soil chemistry, dispersing seeds, and serving as a key food resource for many species, including the federally endangered Jemez Mountain salamander (Plethodon neomexicanus). We examined the post-fire effects of the 2011 Las Conchas Wildfire on ant communities in the Valles …

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Unravelling Large-Scale Patterns And Drivers Of Biodiversity In Dry Rivers, Arnaud Foulquier, Thibault Datry, Roland Corti, Daniel Von Schiller, Klement Tockner, Rachel Stubbington, Mark O. Gessner, Frederic Boyer, Marc Ohlmann, Wilfried Thuiller, Delphine Rioux, Christian Miquel, Ricardo Albarino, Daniel C. Allen, Florian Altermatt, Maria Isabel Arce, Shai Arnon, Damien Banas, Andy Banegas-Medina, Erin Beller, Melanie L. Blanchette, Joanna Blessing, Iola Goncalves Boechat, Kate Boersma, Michael Bogan, Nuria Bonada, Nick Bond, Katherine Brintrup, Andreas Bruder, Ryan Burrows, Tommaso Cancellario, Cristina Canhoto, Stephanie Carlson, Nuria Cid, Julien Cornut, Michael Danger, Bianca De Freitas Terra, Anna Maria De Girolamo, Ruben Del Campo, Veronica Diaz Villanueva, Fiona Dyer, Arturo Elosegi, Catherine Febria, Ricardo Figueroa Jara, Brian Four, Sarig Gafny, Rosa Gomez, Lluis Gomez-Gener, Simone Guareschi, Bjorn Gucker, Jason Hwan, J. Iwan Jones, Patrick S. Kubheka, Alex Laini, Simone Daniela Langhans, Bertrand Launay, Guillaume Le Goff, Catherine Leigh, Chelsea Little, Stefan Lorenz, Jonathan Marshall, Eduardo J. Martin Sanz, Angus Mcintosh, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Marko Milisa, Musa C. Mlambo, Manuela Morias, Nabor Moya, Peter Negus, Dev Niyogi, Iluminada Pagan, Athina Papatheodoulou, Giuseppe Pappagallo, Isabel Pardo, Petr Paril, Steffen U. Pauls, Marek Polasek, Pablo Rodriguez-Lozano, Robert J. Rolls, Maria Mar Sanchez-Montoya, Ana Savic, Oleksandra Shumilova, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Alisha Steward, Amina Taleb, Avi Uzan, Yefrin Valladares, Ross Vander Vorste, Nathan J. Waltham, Dominik H. Zak, Annamaria Zoppini Dec 2024

Unravelling Large-Scale Patterns And Drivers Of Biodiversity In Dry Rivers, Arnaud Foulquier, Thibault Datry, Roland Corti, Daniel Von Schiller, Klement Tockner, Rachel Stubbington, Mark O. Gessner, Frederic Boyer, Marc Ohlmann, Wilfried Thuiller, Delphine Rioux, Christian Miquel, Ricardo Albarino, Daniel C. Allen, Florian Altermatt, Maria Isabel Arce, Shai Arnon, Damien Banas, Andy Banegas-Medina, Erin Beller, Melanie L. Blanchette, Joanna Blessing, Iola Goncalves Boechat, Kate Boersma, Michael Bogan, Nuria Bonada, Nick Bond, Katherine Brintrup, Andreas Bruder, Ryan Burrows, Tommaso Cancellario, Cristina Canhoto, Stephanie Carlson, Nuria Cid, Julien Cornut, Michael Danger, Bianca De Freitas Terra, Anna Maria De Girolamo, Ruben Del Campo, Veronica Diaz Villanueva, Fiona Dyer, Arturo Elosegi, Catherine Febria, Ricardo Figueroa Jara, Brian Four, Sarig Gafny, Rosa Gomez, Lluis Gomez-Gener, Simone Guareschi, Bjorn Gucker, Jason Hwan, J. Iwan Jones, Patrick S. Kubheka, Alex Laini, Simone Daniela Langhans, Bertrand Launay, Guillaume Le Goff, Catherine Leigh, Chelsea Little, Stefan Lorenz, Jonathan Marshall, Eduardo J. Martin Sanz, Angus Mcintosh, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Elisabeth I. Meyer, Marko Milisa, Musa C. Mlambo, Manuela Morias, Nabor Moya, Peter Negus, Dev Niyogi, Iluminada Pagan, Athina Papatheodoulou, Giuseppe Pappagallo, Isabel Pardo, Petr Paril, Steffen U. Pauls, Marek Polasek, Pablo Rodriguez-Lozano, Robert J. Rolls, Maria Mar Sanchez-Montoya, Ana Savic, Oleksandra Shumilova, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Alisha Steward, Amina Taleb, Avi Uzan, Yefrin Valladares, Ross Vander Vorste, Nathan J. Waltham, Dominik H. Zak, Annamaria Zoppini

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

More than half of the world’s rivers dry up periodically, but our understanding of the biological communities in dry riverbeds remains limited. Specifically, the roles of dispersal, environmental filtering and biotic interactions in driving biodiversity in dry rivers are poorly understood. Here, we conduct a large-scale coordinated survey of patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry riverbeds. We focus on eight major taxa, including microorganisms, invertebrates and plants: Algae, Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, Arthropods, Nematodes and Streptophyta. We use environmental DNA metabarcoding to assess biodiversity in dry sediments collected over a 1-year period from 84 non-perennial rivers across 19 countries …

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Publisher Correction: Observation Of Dense Collisional Soliton Complexes In A Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensate (Communications Physics, (2024), 7, 1, (163), 10.1038/S42005-024-01659-W), Sean M. Mossman, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Alejandro Romero-Ros, Thomas M. Bersano, Peter Schmelcher, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Peter Engels Dec 2024

Publisher Correction: Observation Of Dense Collisional Soliton Complexes In A Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensate (Communications Physics, (2024), 7, 1, (163), 10.1038/S42005-024-01659-W), Sean M. Mossman, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Alejandro Romero-Ros, Thomas M. Bersano, Peter Schmelcher, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Peter Engels

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the first paragraph of the Methods section, the sentence "We begin with an elongated BEC of approximately 9 x 10587Rb atoms…," has erroneously been written without a space between the two superscripts "5" and "87". This has now been corrected in both the HTML and PDF of the article, and the same expression reads: We begin with an elongated BEC of approximately 9 x 105 87Rb atoms…"

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Assessing The Critical Factors Influencing Worker Safety In Roadway Work Zones, Bahaa Chammout, Muaz O. Ahmed, Islam El-Adaway Dec 2024

Assessing The Critical Factors Influencing Worker Safety In Roadway Work Zones, Bahaa Chammout, Muaz O. Ahmed, Islam El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ongoing roadway construction and maintenance activities are essential for sustaining and improving infrastructure. Nonetheless, work zones in the United States continue to experience concerning frequencies of occupational and traffic accidents. Previous research highlighted multiple factors influencing work zone safety, yet their relative impact and importance remain unclear. This study addresses this gap following a multistep methodology. First, 32 safety factors were identified through an extensive literature review in a previous study. Second, a survey was administered among 298 professionals from diverse backgrounds, with an average of 17.75 years of construction experience and 13.78 years of work zone experience, to assess …

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A General Model For The Ductility Of Intermetallics Applied To Fe-Co Alloys, Wesley Everhart, Joseph Newkirk Dec 2024

A General Model For The Ductility Of Intermetallics Applied To Fe-Co Alloys, Wesley Everhart, Joseph Newkirk

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The mechanical properties, specifically ductility, of high performing soft magnets such as Fe-Co alloys are a limiting factor to their broader use in a number of systems. The understanding of the mechanical robustness in these materials is currently insufficient to be able to support the growing interest in applications such as magnetic shielding or electric motors. Fe-Co alloys provide the highest commercially available magnetic saturation and high magnetic permeability but have very poor ductility. The addition of vanadium to these alloys has allowed for significant commercialization and some ductility improvements, but the fundamental reasons for the observed improvements are not …

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Author Correction: Dual Nature Of Magnetism Driven By Momentum Dependent F-D Kondo Hybridization (Communications Physics, (2024), 7, 1, (186), 10.1038/S42005-024-01631-8), Byungkyun Kang, Yongbin Lee, Liqin Ke, Hyunsoo Kim, Myoung Hwan Kim, Chul Hong Park Dec 2024

Author Correction: Dual Nature Of Magnetism Driven By Momentum Dependent F-D Kondo Hybridization (Communications Physics, (2024), 7, 1, (186), 10.1038/S42005-024-01631-8), Byungkyun Kang, Yongbin Lee, Liqin Ke, Hyunsoo Kim, Myoung Hwan Kim, Chul Hong Park

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Correction to: Communications Physicshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-024-01631-8, published online 12 June 2024 In this article the grant number DE-AC02-07CH11358 relating to Ames National Laboratory was omitted. The original article has been corrected.

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Fpga-Based Sensors For Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-Of-The-Art Review, Laraib Khan, Sriram Praneeth Isanaka, Frank Liou Dec 2024

Fpga-Based Sensors For Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-Of-The-Art Review, Laraib Khan, Sriram Praneeth Isanaka, Frank Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The combination of distributed digital factories (D2Fs) with sustainable practices has been proposed as a revolutionary technique in modern manufacturing. This review paper explores the convergence of D2F with innovative sensor technology, concentrating on the role of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) in promoting this paradigm. A D2F is defined as an integrated framework where digital twins (DTs), sensors, laser additive manufacturing (laser-AM), and subtractive manufacturing (SM) work in synchronization. Here, DTs serve as a virtual replica of physical machines, allowing accurate monitoring and control of a given manufacturing process. These DTs are supplemented by sensors, providing near-real-time data to …

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Publisher Correction: Observation Of Dense Collisional Soliton Complexes In A Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensate (Communications Physics, (2024), 7, 1, (163), 10.1038/S42005-024-01659-W), Sean M. Mossman, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Alejandro Romero-Ros, Thomas M. Bersano, Peter Schmelcher, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Peter Engels Dec 2024

Publisher Correction: Observation Of Dense Collisional Soliton Complexes In A Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensate (Communications Physics, (2024), 7, 1, (163), 10.1038/S42005-024-01659-W), Sean M. Mossman, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Alejandro Romero-Ros, Thomas M. Bersano, Peter Schmelcher, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Peter Engels

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the first paragraph of the Methods section, the sentence "We begin with an elongated BEC of approximately 9 x 10587Rb atoms…," has erroneously been written without a space between the two superscripts "5" and "87". This has now been corrected in both the HTML and PDF of the article, and the same expression reads: We begin with an elongated BEC of approximately 9 x 105 87Rb atoms…"

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Reflections On Linear B, (Part 6): Possible Origin Of The Shape And Pronunciation /Ko/ Of Sign 70, Gerald Leonard Cohen Dec 2024

Reflections On Linear B, (Part 6): Possible Origin Of The Shape And Pronunciation /Ko/ Of Sign 70, Gerald Leonard Cohen

Arts, Languages and Philosophy Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article suggests that the shape of Linear B sign 70 may derive from the Egyptian hieroglyph uatch ‘young plant, green’ and that its pronunciation /ko/ is explainable by the Greek word for green (χλωρός).


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Decoding Emotions: Unveiling Facial Expressions Through Acoustic Sensing With Contrastive Attention, Guangjing Wang, Juexing Wang, Ce Zhou, Weikang Ding, Huacheng Zeng, Tianxing Li, Qiben Yan Dec 2024

Decoding Emotions: Unveiling Facial Expressions Through Acoustic Sensing With Contrastive Attention, Guangjing Wang, Juexing Wang, Ce Zhou, Weikang Ding, Huacheng Zeng, Tianxing Li, Qiben Yan

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Expression recognition holds great promise for applications such as content recommendation and mental healthcare by accurately detecting users’ emotional states. Traditional methods often rely on cameras or wearable sensors, which raise privacy concerns and add extra device burdens. In addition, existing acoustic-based methods struggle to maintain satisfactory performance when there is a distribution shift between the training dataset and the inference dataset. In this paper, we introduce FacER+, an active acoustic facial expression recognition system, which eliminates the requirement for external microphone arrays. FacER+ extracts facial expression features by analyzing the echoes of near-ultrasound signals emitted between the 3D facial …

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Final Report - Qa/Qc Guidelines On Drone-Based Remote Sensing For Bridge Element Inspection, Genda Chen, Woubishet Z. Taffese, Ritesh Sharma, Zhenhua Shi Nov 2024

Final Report - Qa/Qc Guidelines On Drone-Based Remote Sensing For Bridge Element Inspection, Genda Chen, Woubishet Z. Taffese, Ritesh Sharma, Zhenhua Shi

Project IM-4

Remote sensing of elevated infrastructure via robotic platforms has recently gained increasing interest in bridge inspection. Such automated bridge inspection can not only overcome accessibility and safety challenges but also improve objectivity and consistency of the measured data compared to current visual inspection practices. With the advent of advanced technologies, quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) for robot-based bridge inspection become imperative. This study aims (1) to understand actionable inspection activities and procedures in route planning, sensor preparation and measurement, ground truth selection, and statistical analysis; (2) to outline assessment matrices and best practices for drone-based images to achieve …

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Multiphase Electrochemical Li-Ion Intercalation In Iron Selenite: Evidence Of Fe³⁺/⁴⁺ Redox And Single-Crystal-To-Single-Crystal Topochemical Transformation During Chemical Lithiation, Sutapa Bhattacharya, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Amitava Choudhury Nov 2024

Multiphase Electrochemical Li-Ion Intercalation In Iron Selenite: Evidence Of Fe³⁺/⁴⁺ Redox And Single-Crystal-To-Single-Crystal Topochemical Transformation During Chemical Lithiation, Sutapa Bhattacharya, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Amitava Choudhury

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

An iron selenite-based cathode compound, LiFe(SeO3)2, is synthesized via a simple hydrothermal route. The bulk purity of the compound is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The crystal structure determined from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement of synchrotron PXRD data perfectly matches the previously reported structure in the I4̅2d space group. The crystal structure is built up of edge-sharing of FeO6 octahedra and LiO4 tetrahedra interconnected by SeO3 trigonal pyramidal units, forming a three-dimensional open framework network with channels through all three axes. …

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Enhancing Frp-Concrete Interface Bearing Capacity Prediction With Explainable Machine Learning: A Feature Engineering Approach And Shap Analysis, Yanping Zhu, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Genda Chen Nov 2024

Enhancing Frp-Concrete Interface Bearing Capacity Prediction With Explainable Machine Learning: A Feature Engineering Approach And Shap Analysis, Yanping Zhu, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study introduces a novel approach to predict the shear bearing capacity of FRP-concrete interfaces using explainable machine learning. Eight algorithms are employed: three standalone models (Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Regression, and Decision Tree) and five ensemble learning models (Bagging, Random Forest, Adaptive Boosting, Gradient Boosting, and Extreme Gradient Boosting). Four scenarios with varying input features, including engineered features inspired by mechanics-based bearing capacity equations, are examined. Notably, the inclusion of engineered features such as the stiffness of the FRP strip (Kf) significantly enhanced prediction accuracy and efficiency, although the width correction coefficient (bf/bc) did not yield significant benefits, …

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Temperature Effect On The Properties And Response Of Composite Materials And Plates, Victor Birman Nov 2024

Temperature Effect On The Properties And Response Of Composite Materials And Plates, Victor Birman

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The paper illustrates the effect of temperature on composite material properties and its influence on the response of composite plates. Two composites considered include laminae with uniaxially oriented and with in-plane randomly oriented fibers. Analytical solutions are presented for a uniformly heated large-aspect-ratio plate deforming into a cylindrical surface. The solutions are demonstrated for thermal buckling and natural frequencies for the cases of controlled loading and controlled displacements. Micromechanical residual and lifetime thermally induced stresses at the interface of fibers and matrix are assessed to predict a possible onset of local damage after the curing and during lifetime. The material …

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Using Convolutional Neural Network To Determine Time Window For Analyzing Local Shear-Wave Splitting Measurements, Yanwei Zhang, Stephen S. Gao Nov 2024

Using Convolutional Neural Network To Determine Time Window For Analyzing Local Shear-Wave Splitting Measurements, Yanwei Zhang, Stephen S. Gao

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The time window for analyzing local shear-wave splitting (SWS) phases significantly affects the quality of measurements, revealing a noteworthy domain influence. In this study, an approach using convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to determine the end of time window (e), which has a similar idea of the phase-picking CNNs. The start of time window is 0.5 s before e. Our data set contains 803 human-labeled measurements, recorded from three stations located in Ridgecrest, California. These measurements are foreshocks and aftershocks of an M 7.1 earthquake on 6 July 2019. After 21 times shifting on each measurement, 90% of the …

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Tackling Selfish Clients In Federated Learning, Andrea Augello, Ashish Gupta, Giuseppe Lo Re, Sajal K. Das Oct 2024

Tackling Selfish Clients In Federated Learning, Andrea Augello, Ashish Gupta, Giuseppe Lo Re, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm facilitating participants to collaboratively train a model without revealing their local data. However, when FL is deployed into the wild, some intelligent clients can deliberately deviate from the standard training process to make the global model inclined toward their local model, thereby prioritizing their local data distribution. We refer to this novel category of misbehaving clients as selfish. in this paper, we propose a Robust aggregation strategy for the FL server to mitigate the effect of Selfishness (in short RFL-Self). RFL-Self incorporates an innovative method to recover (or estimate) the true …

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Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Photocatalytic Truncated-Bipyramidal Tio2/Ti3cn Heterostructures Derived From Ti3cn Mxene, Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi Purbayanto, Madhurya Chandel, Dominika Bury, Anna Wójcik, Dorota Moszczyńska, Anika Tabassum, Vadym Mochalin, Michael Naguib, Agnieszka Maria Jastrzębska Oct 2024

Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Photocatalytic Truncated-Bipyramidal Tio2/Ti3cn Heterostructures Derived From Ti3cn Mxene, Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi Purbayanto, Madhurya Chandel, Dominika Bury, Anna Wójcik, Dorota Moszczyńska, Anika Tabassum, Vadym Mochalin, Michael Naguib, Agnieszka Maria Jastrzębska

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

TiO2/MXene heterostructure has garnered significant interest as a photocatalyst due to its large surface area and efficient charge carrier separation at the interface. However, current synthesis methods produce TiO2 without clear crystal faceting and often require complicated postprocessing step, limiting its practical applications. We demonstrate a facile and controlled microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis for transforming multilayered Ti3CN MXene to a truncated-bipyramidal TiO2/Ti3CN heterostructure. The resulting TiO2 nanocrystals at the Ti3CN surface exhibited crystalline anatase truncated bipyramids, exposing {001} and {101} facets. We further tailored an indirect optical band gap …

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Topography Of The 410 And 660 Km Discontinuities Beneath The Tibetan Plateau And Adjacent Areas, Zexin Miao, Stephen S. Gao, Muchen Sun, Kelly H. Liu Oct 2024

Topography Of The 410 And 660 Km Discontinuities Beneath The Tibetan Plateau And Adjacent Areas, Zexin Miao, Stephen S. Gao, Muchen Sun, Kelly H. Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To investigate the three-dimensional spatial distribution of subducted oceanic slab segments and their consequential effect on the thermal and hydrous composition of the mantle transition zone (MTZ) beneath the entire Tibetan Plateau, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of approximately 655,000 P-to-s receiver functions (RFs), obtained from 735 broadband seismic stations. These RFs were utilized to delineate the 410 km (d410) and 660 km (d660) seismic discontinuities, which represent the upper and lower boundaries of the MTZ, respectively. The RFs were grouped within circular bins with a radius of 1 degree and stacked to image the discontinuities. The mean apparent depths …

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A Deep Autoencoder For Electric Double Layer Capacitance Prediction In Electrochemical Sensors, Mason Mcgarrity, Feng Zhao Oct 2024

A Deep Autoencoder For Electric Double Layer Capacitance Prediction In Electrochemical Sensors, Mason Mcgarrity, Feng Zhao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study explores the application of a deep autoencoder neural network to accurately predict the electric double layer capacitance from real-world parameters in binary, asymmetric electrolytes under low concentration conditions. By utilizing a modest simulation-based dataset of just 250 samples, the deep autoencoder neural network model developed in this study effectively predicted the capacitance by learning the critical features and relationships of the electric double layer model and encoding this learned representation into a low-dimensional latent space. From the latent variables, the decoder block of the neural network learned to effectively recreate the high-dimensional input. To enhance the model's robustness, …

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On The Turbulent Viscosity Parameter Cμ In The K–Ε Model, Harshit Mishra, Subhas Karan Venayagamoorthy Oct 2024

On The Turbulent Viscosity Parameter Cμ In The K–Ε Model, Harshit Mishra, Subhas Karan Venayagamoorthy

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models depend on empirical constants to close the Reynolds stress terms. The empirical constants were obtained using experiments conducted at low Reynolds numbers several decades ago. In this paper, we revisit the turbulent viscosity parameter Cμ, based on the stress–intensity ratio c2 = |uw|/k. Here, |uw| and k are the absolute values of the Reynolds stress and turbulent kinetic energy, respectively. Through a priori comparisons, we find that the currently accepted value of Cμ = 0.09 does not agree with the latest direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experimental datasets of wall-bounded turbulent planar flows. Therefore, …

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Protocol For Evaluating Anion Exchange Membranes For Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries, Jessica L. Tami, Md Motiur R. Mazumder, Grace E. Cook, Shelley D. Minteer, Anne J. Mcneil Oct 2024

Protocol For Evaluating Anion Exchange Membranes For Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries, Jessica L. Tami, Md Motiur R. Mazumder, Grace E. Cook, Shelley D. Minteer, Anne J. Mcneil

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nonaqueous redox flow batteries often suffer from reduced battery lifetime and decreased coulombic efficiency due to crossover of the redox-active species through the membrane. One method to mitigate this undesired crossover is to judiciously choose a membrane based on several criteria: swelling and structural integrity, size and charge of redox active species, and ionic conductivity. Most research to date has focused on reducing crossover by synthesizing modified redox-active molecules and/or new membranes. However, no standard protocol exists to compare membranes and a comprehensive study comparing membranes has yet to be done. To address both these limitations, we evaluate herein 26 …

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Life, Death And Energy: What Does Nature Select?, James H. Brown, Chen Hou, Charles A.S. Hall, Joseph R. Burger Oct 2024

Life, Death And Energy: What Does Nature Select?, James H. Brown, Chen Hou, Charles A.S. Hall, Joseph R. Burger

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Evolutionary biology is poised for a third major synthesis. The first presented Darwin's evidence from natural history. The second incorporated genetic mechanisms. The third will be based on energy and biophysical processes. It should include the equal fitness paradigm (EFP), which quantifies how organisms convert biomass into surviving offspring. Natural selection tends to maximize energetic fitness, formula presented, where formula presented is mass-specific rate of cohort biomass production, formula presented is generation time, formula presented is fraction of cohort production that is passed to surviving offspring, and formula presented is energy density of biomas. At steady state, parents replace themselves …

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Impact Of Tib2 Source On The Microstructure And Properties Of Tib2–Sic–B4c Ceramics, Steven M. Smith, Suzana Filipovic, William G. Fahrenholtz, Gregory E. Hilmas, Carlo Baldisserri, Laura Silvestroni Oct 2024

Impact Of Tib2 Source On The Microstructure And Properties Of Tib2–Sic–B4c Ceramics, Steven M. Smith, Suzana Filipovic, William G. Fahrenholtz, Gregory E. Hilmas, Carlo Baldisserri, Laura Silvestroni

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To date, the thermal and electrical properties of three-phase ceramics containing a boride phase, silicon carbide, and boron carbide have not been studied in detail. Further, the effect of the source of the boride powder has also not been investigated. This study produced three-phase ceramics containing titanium diboride, silicon carbide, and boron carbide using three different TiB2 sources: commercial powder, TiB2 synthesized by boro/carbothermal reduction, or (Ti,Cr)B2 synthesized by boro/carbothermal reduction to address the effect of the TiB2 source. Ceramics containing synthesized TiB2 or (Ti,Cr)B2 reached >99% relative density, while the ceramic produced from …

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Promoting Synergies To Improve Manufacturing Efficiency In Industrial Material Processing: A Systematic Review Of Industry 4.0 And Ai, Md Sazol Ahmmed, Sriram Praneeth Isanaka, Frank Liou Oct 2024

Promoting Synergies To Improve Manufacturing Efficiency In Industrial Material Processing: A Systematic Review Of Industry 4.0 And Ai, Md Sazol Ahmmed, Sriram Praneeth Isanaka, Frank Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The manufacturing industry continues to suffer from inefficiency, excessively high prices, and uncertainty over product quality. This statement remains accurate despite the increasing use of automation and the significant influence of Industry 4.0 and AI on industrial operations. This review details an extensive analysis of a substantial body of literature on artificial intelligence (AI) and Industry 4.0 to improve the efficiency of material processing in manufacturing. This document includes a summary of key information (i.e., various input tools, contributions, and application domains) on the current production system, as well as an in-depth study of relevant achievements made thus far. The …

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Interlaboratory Study Of The Operational Stability Of Automated Sorption Balances, Samuel L. Zelinka, Samuel V. Glass, Eleanor Q. D. Lazarcik, Emil E. Thybring, Michael Altgen, Lauri Rautkari, Simon Curling, Jinzhen Cao, Yujiao Wang, Tina Kunniger, Gustav Nystrom, Christopher Hubert Dreimol, Ingo Burgert, Mohd Khairun Anwar Uyup, Tumirah Khadiran, Mark G. Roper, Darren P. Broom, Matthew Schwarzkopf, Arief Yudhanto, Mohammad Subah, Gilles Lubineau, Maria Fredriksson, Marcin Strojecki, Wieslaw Olek, Jerzy Majka, Nanna Bjerregaard Pedersen, Daniel J. Burnett, Armando R. Garcia, Els Verdonck, Frieder Dreisbach, Louis Waguespack, Jennifer Schott, Luis G. Esteban, Alberto Garcia-Iruela, Thibaut Colinart, Romain Remond, Brahim Mazian, Patrick Perre, Lukas Emmerich, Ling Li Oct 2024

Interlaboratory Study Of The Operational Stability Of Automated Sorption Balances, Samuel L. Zelinka, Samuel V. Glass, Eleanor Q. D. Lazarcik, Emil E. Thybring, Michael Altgen, Lauri Rautkari, Simon Curling, Jinzhen Cao, Yujiao Wang, Tina Kunniger, Gustav Nystrom, Christopher Hubert Dreimol, Ingo Burgert, Mohd Khairun Anwar Uyup, Tumirah Khadiran, Mark G. Roper, Darren P. Broom, Matthew Schwarzkopf, Arief Yudhanto, Mohammad Subah, Gilles Lubineau, Maria Fredriksson, Marcin Strojecki, Wieslaw Olek, Jerzy Majka, Nanna Bjerregaard Pedersen, Daniel J. Burnett, Armando R. Garcia, Els Verdonck, Frieder Dreisbach, Louis Waguespack, Jennifer Schott, Luis G. Esteban, Alberto Garcia-Iruela, Thibaut Colinart, Romain Remond, Brahim Mazian, Patrick Perre, Lukas Emmerich, Ling Li

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Automated sorption balances are widely used for characterizing the interaction of water vapor with hygroscopic materials. These instruments provide an efficient way to collect sorption isotherm data and kinetic data. A typical method for defining equilibrium after a step change in relative humidity (RH) is using a particular threshold value for the rate of change in mass with time. Recent studies indicate that commonly used threshold values yield substantial errors and that further measurements are needed at extended hold times as a basis to assess the accuracy of abbreviated equilibration criteria. However, the mass measurement accuracy at extended times depends …

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A Review On Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Techniques For Gas Sensing, Dakshith Ruvin Wijesinghe, Md Abu Zobair, Mina Esmaeelpour Oct 2024

A Review On Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Techniques For Gas Sensing, Dakshith Ruvin Wijesinghe, Md Abu Zobair, Mina Esmaeelpour

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The rapid growth of industry and the global drive for modernization have led to an increase in gas emissions, which present significant environmental and health risks. As a result, there is a growing need for precise and sensitive gas-monitoring technologies. This review delves into the progress made regarding photoacoustic gas sensors, with a specific focus on the vital components of acoustic cells and acoustic detectors. This review highlights photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) as an optical detection technique, lauding its high sensitivity, selectivity, and capability to detect a wide range of gaseous species. The principles of photoacoustic gas sensors are outlined, emphasizing …

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Multiwavelength Investigation Of Γ-Ray Source Mgro J1908+06 Emission Using Fermi-Lat, Veritas And Hawc, A. Acharyya, C. B. Adams, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, W. Benbow, J. H. Buckley, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr, M. Errando, A. Falcone, Q. Feng, G. M. Foote, L. Fortson, A. Furniss, W. Hanlon, D. Hanna, O. Hervet, C. E. Hinrichs, J. Holder, T. B. Humensky, W. Jin, P. Kaaret, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, T. K. Kleiner, N. Korzoun, S. Kumar, M. J. Lang, M. Lundy, G. Maier, C. E. Mcgrath, M. J. Millard, J. Millis, C. L. Mooney, P. Moriarty, R. Mukherjee, W. Ning, R. A. Ong, N. Park, M. Pohl, E. Pueschel, J. Quinn, P. L. Rabinowitz, K. Ragan, D. Ribeiro, E. Roache, J. L. Ryan, I. Sadeh, L. Saha, G. H. Sembroski, R. Shang, M. Splettstoesser, A. K. Talluri, J. V. Tucci, J. Valverde, V. V. Vassiliev, A. Weinstein, D. A. Williams, S. L. Wong, J. Woo, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velazquez, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Bernal, K. S. Caallero-Mora, T. Capistran, A. Carraminana, S. Casanova, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutino De Leon, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, N. Di Lalla, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. Duvernois, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, S. Hernandez-Cadena, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, A. Iriarte, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, J. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K Malone, J. Martines-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, H. Salazar, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, Xiaojie Wang, H. Zhou, J. Eagle, S. Kumar Oct 2024

Multiwavelength Investigation Of Γ-Ray Source Mgro J1908+06 Emission Using Fermi-Lat, Veritas And Hawc, A. Acharyya, C. B. Adams, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, W. Benbow, J. H. Buckley, J. L. Christiansen, A. J. Chromey, A. Duerr, M. Errando, A. Falcone, Q. Feng, G. M. Foote, L. Fortson, A. Furniss, W. Hanlon, D. Hanna, O. Hervet, C. E. Hinrichs, J. Holder, T. B. Humensky, W. Jin, P. Kaaret, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, T. K. Kleiner, N. Korzoun, S. Kumar, M. J. Lang, M. Lundy, G. Maier, C. E. Mcgrath, M. J. Millard, J. Millis, C. L. Mooney, P. Moriarty, R. Mukherjee, W. Ning, R. A. Ong, N. Park, M. Pohl, E. Pueschel, J. Quinn, P. L. Rabinowitz, K. Ragan, D. Ribeiro, E. Roache, J. L. Ryan, I. Sadeh, L. Saha, G. H. Sembroski, R. Shang, M. Splettstoesser, A. K. Talluri, J. V. Tucci, J. Valverde, V. V. Vassiliev, A. Weinstein, D. A. Williams, S. L. Wong, J. Woo, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velazquez, D. Avila Rojas, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Bernal, K. S. Caallero-Mora, T. Capistran, A. Carraminana, S. Casanova, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutino De Leon, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, N. Di Lalla, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. Duvernois, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, S. Hernandez-Cadena, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, A. Iriarte, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, J. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K Malone, J. Martines-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, L. Nellen, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, H. Salazar, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, Xiaojie Wang, H. Zhou, J. Eagle, S. Kumar

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper investigates the origin of the γ-ray emission from MGRO J1908+06 in the GeV-TeV energy band. By analyzing the data collected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System, and High-Altitude Water Cherenkov, with the addition of spectral data previously reported by LHAASO, a multiwavelength study of the morphological and spectral features of MGRO J1908+06 provides insight into the origin of the γ-ray emission. The mechanism behind the bright TeV emission is studied by constraining the magnetic field strength, the source age, and the distance through detailed broadband modeling. Both spectral shape and …

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Delivery Of Tgfβ3 From Magnetically Responsive Coaxial Fibers Reduces Spinal Cord Astrocyte Reactivity In Vitro, Jessica L. Funnell, Jasper Fougere, Diana Zahn, Silvio Dutz, Ryan J. Gilbert Oct 2024

Delivery Of Tgfβ3 From Magnetically Responsive Coaxial Fibers Reduces Spinal Cord Astrocyte Reactivity In Vitro, Jessica L. Funnell, Jasper Fougere, Diana Zahn, Silvio Dutz, Ryan J. Gilbert

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A spinal cord injury (SCI) compresses the spinal cord, killing neurons and glia at the injury site and resulting in prolonged inflammation and scarring that prevents regeneration. Astrocytes, the main glia in the spinal cord, become reactive following SCI and contribute to adverse outcomes. The anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) has been shown to mitigate astrocyte reactivity; however, the effects of prolonged TGFβ3 exposure on reactive astrocyte phenotype have not yet been explored. This study investigates whether magnetic core-shell electro spun fibers can be used to alter the release rate of TGFβ3 using externally applied magnetic fields, …

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Iterative Correction Of Robotic Grinding Using Spatial Feedback For Precision Applications, Philip A. Olubodun, Joseph D. Fischer, Douglas A. Bristow Oct 2024

Iterative Correction Of Robotic Grinding Using Spatial Feedback For Precision Applications, Philip A. Olubodun, Joseph D. Fischer, Douglas A. Bristow

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Since the advent of robots, many tasks that were originally performed by humans have now been tasked to industrial robots. From a manufacturing standpoint, robots have primarily been used in pick-and-place or other non-machining operations that require high repeatability. However, with the increasing availability of CAD/CAM software and the development of high-precision metrology, comes the opportunity to integrate robots into a wider variety of manufacturing processes through the use of feedback control. One such machining operation that is being explored is precision grinding of metal parts. Most other work in this area has focused on force regulation to improve grind …

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Development Of Malate Biosensor-Containing Hydrogels And Living Cell-Based Sensors, Nathan J. Ricks, Monica Brachi, Kevin Mcfadden, Rohit G. Jadhav, Shelley D. Minteer, Ming C. Hammond Oct 2024

Development Of Malate Biosensor-Containing Hydrogels And Living Cell-Based Sensors, Nathan J. Ricks, Monica Brachi, Kevin Mcfadden, Rohit G. Jadhav, Shelley D. Minteer, Ming C. Hammond

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Malate is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle, an enzymatic cascade that is central to cellular energy metabolism and that has been applied to make biofuel cells. To enable real-time sensing of malate levels, we have engineered a genetically encoded, protein-based fluorescent biosensor called Malon specifically responsive to malate by performing structure-based mutagenesis of the Cache-binding domain of the Citron GFP-based biosensor. Malon demonstrates high specificity and fluorescence activation in response to malate and has been applied to monitor enzymatic reactions in vitro. Furthermore, we successfully incorporated Malon into redox polymer hydrogels and bacterial cells, enabling analysis of …

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