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Framework For Algorithmically Optimizing Longitudinal Health Outcomes: Examples In Cancer Radiotherapy And Occupational Radiation Protection, Lydia Joyce Wilson May 2019

Framework For Algorithmically Optimizing Longitudinal Health Outcomes: Examples In Cancer Radiotherapy And Occupational Radiation Protection, Lydia Joyce Wilson

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Background: Advancements in the treatment of non-infectious disease have enabled survival rates to steadily increase in recent decades (e.g., diabetes, heart disease, and cancer). Epidemiological studies have revealed that the treatments for these diseases can have life-threatening and/or life–altering effects. Thus, realizing the full beneficial potential of advanced treatments necessitates new tools to algorithmically consider all major components of the health outcome, including benefit and detriment. The goal of this dissertation was to develop a framework for improving projected health outcomes following planned radiation exposures in consideration of all beneficial and detrimental, early and late, and fatal and non-fatal …

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If We're "Over," Is It Really Over?: How Past Romantic Relationships Impact Subsequent Relationships, Cassie Elizabeth Shimek May 2019

If We're "Over," Is It Really Over?: How Past Romantic Relationships Impact Subsequent Relationships, Cassie Elizabeth Shimek

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This project focused on understanding how past romantic relationships influence subsequent romantic relationships. Participants (n = 147) completed a survey containing repeated measures focusing on a previous romantic relationship and a current romantic relationship. Through the application of Relational Turbulence Model (RTM; Solomon & Knobloch, 2004) as a framework, the evaluation of relational uncertainty and interference in previous romantic relationships and subsequent romantic relationships was determined. The usage of RTM highlights how past experiences of relational uncertainty and interference influence the following romantic relationship and partner. Additionally, an evaluation of how relational uncertainty influences different types of talk in …

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An Objective Procedure For Delineating The Circumpolar Vortex, Nazla Bushra, Robert V. Rohli May 2019

An Objective Procedure For Delineating The Circumpolar Vortex, Nazla Bushra, Robert V. Rohli

Faculty Publications

The broad-scale, steering atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere, represented by the tropospheric circumpolar vortex (CPV), is an important driver of environmental processes. The area and circularity of the CPV are analyzed hereby delineating the leading edge of the CPV at the steepest 500-hPa geopotential height gradient globally. The daily CPV area and circularity were aggregated to monthly averages for contrast with measurements identified in previous research for the overlapping period of record (1979-2001). Accuracy of representation of the CPV is assessed through correlations to air-sea teleconnections known to be associated with broad-scale, extratropical steering circulation. Correlation to monthly teleconnection …

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Spatial Variations In Chlorophyll A, C, N, And P In A Louisiana Estuary From 1994 To 2016, R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson, Charles S. Milan, James M. Lee May 2019

Spatial Variations In Chlorophyll A, C, N, And P In A Louisiana Estuary From 1994 To 2016, R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson, Charles S. Milan, James M. Lee

Faculty Publications

Intense sampling of an estuary can reveal relative spatial changes that are significant irrespective of whether or not the estuary is eutrophic, micro- or meso-tidal, disturbed, or restored. This waterscape' perspective is analogous to a landscape perspective. We collected monthly water samples in the Barataria Basin watershed from 1994 to 2016 at 37 stations along a 129km transect from 1km offshore to a freshwater stream. The average Chlorophyll a (Chl) concentration from 267 trips was supported from both nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in a freshwater lake and partially from nutrients in seaward sources. Estuarine salinity was correlated with the discharge of the …

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Do Aquatic Macrophytes Limit The Invasion Potential Of Exotic Species In Pantanal Grasslands?, Francielli Bao, Tracy Elsey-Quirk, Marco Antonio De Assis, Evaldo Benedito De Souza, Arnildo Pott May 2019

Do Aquatic Macrophytes Limit The Invasion Potential Of Exotic Species In Pantanal Grasslands?, Francielli Bao, Tracy Elsey-Quirk, Marco Antonio De Assis, Evaldo Benedito De Souza, Arnildo Pott

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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An Ensemble Of Lipoxygenase Structures Reveals Novel Conformations Of The Fe Coordination Sphere, Svetlana Pakhomova, William E. Boeglin, David B. Neau, Sue G. Bartlett, Alan R. Brash, Marcia E. Newcomer May 2019

An Ensemble Of Lipoxygenase Structures Reveals Novel Conformations Of The Fe Coordination Sphere, Svetlana Pakhomova, William E. Boeglin, David B. Neau, Sue G. Bartlett, Alan R. Brash, Marcia E. Newcomer

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Protein Society The regio- and stereo-specific oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is catalyzed by lipoxygenases (LOX); both Fe and Mn forms of the enzyme have been described. Structural elements of the Fe and Mn coordination spheres and the helical catalytic domain in which the metal center resides are highly conserved. However, animal, plant, and microbial LOX each have distinct features. We report five crystal structures of a LOX from the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum. This LOX displays a novel amino terminal extension that provides a wrapping domain for dimerization. Moreover, this extension appears to interfere with …

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Patchy Fires Promote Regeneration Of Longleaf Pine (Pinus Palustris Mill.) In Pine Savannas, Kevin M. Robertson, William J. Platt, Charles E. Faires May 2019

Patchy Fires Promote Regeneration Of Longleaf Pine (Pinus Palustris Mill.) In Pine Savannas, Kevin M. Robertson, William J. Platt, Charles E. Faires

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Research Highlights: Spatial patterns of fire spread and severity influence survival of juvenile pines in longleaf pine savannas. Small areas that do not burn during frequent fires facilitate formation of patches of even-aged longleaf pine juveniles. These regeneration patches are especially associated with inner portions of openings (gaps) and where canopy trees have died in recent decades. Patterns of prescribed fire can thus have an important influence on stand dynamics of the dominant tree in pine savannas. Background and Objectives: Savannas are characterized by bottlenecks to tree regeneration. In pine savannas, longleaf pine is noted …

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The Effect Of Acrylate Functionality On Frontal Polymerization Velocity And Temperature, Samuel Bynum, Michael Tullier, Catherine Morejon-Garcia, Jesse Guidry, Emma Runnoe, John A. Pojman May 2019

The Effect Of Acrylate Functionality On Frontal Polymerization Velocity And Temperature, Samuel Bynum, Michael Tullier, Catherine Morejon-Garcia, Jesse Guidry, Emma Runnoe, John A. Pojman

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Frontal polymerization is a method of converting monomer(s) to polymer via a localized reaction zone that propagates from the coupling of thermal diffusion with the Arrhenius kinetics of an exothermic reaction. Several factors affect front velocity and temperature with the role of monomer functionality being of particular interest in this study. Polymerizing a di and triacrylate of equal molecular weight per acrylate revealed that as the proportion of triacrylate was increased the velocity and temperature increased. This is attributed to increased crosslinking and autoacceleration. Comparing several different acrylate monomers, both neat and diluted with dimethyl …

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Comparative Efficacies Of Next-Generation Insecticides Against Yellow Stem Borer And Their Effects On Natural Enemies In Rice Ecosystem, Muhammad Matiar Rahaman, Michael Joseph Stout May 2019

Comparative Efficacies Of Next-Generation Insecticides Against Yellow Stem Borer And Their Effects On Natural Enemies In Rice Ecosystem, Muhammad Matiar Rahaman, Michael Joseph Stout

Faculty Publications

© 2019 China National Rice Research Institute The efficacies of some next-generation insecticides against the rice yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas (Walk.), and their compatibilities with natural enemies were investigated during 2014 and 2015. Three newer insecticides, chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G, dinotefuran 20% SG, and methoxyfenozide 24% SC, and two commonly used insecticides, carbufuran 5 G and quinalphos 25 EC, were evaluated in the field for their efficacies against YSB and their non-target effects on natural enemies. Application of chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G at 10.96 kg/hm2 resulted in the greatest reduction in YSB infestation (deadhearts and whiteheads)and greatest increase of yield …

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Fermi-Gbm Grbs With Characteristics Similar To Grb 170817a, A. Von Kienlin, P. Veres, O. J. Roberts, R. Hamburg, E. Bissaldi, M. S. Briggs, E. Burns, A. Goldstein, D. Kocevski, R. D. Preece, C. A. Wilson-Hodge, C. M. Hui, B. Mailyan, C. Malacaria May 2019

Fermi-Gbm Grbs With Characteristics Similar To Grb 170817a, A. Von Kienlin, P. Veres, O. J. Roberts, R. Hamburg, E. Bissaldi, M. S. Briggs, E. Burns, A. Goldstein, D. Kocevski, R. D. Preece, C. A. Wilson-Hodge, C. M. Hui, B. Mailyan, C. Malacaria

Faculty Publications

We present a search for gamma-ray bursts in the Fermi-GBM 10 yr catalog that show similar characteristics to GRB 170817A, the first electromagnetic counterpart to a GRB identified as a binary neutron star (BNS) merger via gravitational wave observations. Our search is focused on a nonthermal pulse, followed by a thermal component, as observed for GRB 170817A. We employ search methods based on the measured catalog parameters and Bayesian Block analysis. Our multipronged approach, which includes examination of the localization and spectral properties of the thermal component, yields a total of 13 candidates, including GRB 170817A and the previously reported …

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First Measurement Of The Hubble Constant From A Dark Standard Siren Using The Dark Energy Survey Galaxies And The Ligo/Virgo Binary-Black-Hole Merger Gw170814, M. Soares-Santos, A. Palmese, W. Hartley, J. Annis, J. Garcia-Bellido, O. Lahav, Z. Doctor, M. Fishbach, D. E. Holz, H. Lin, M. E.S. Pereira, A. Garcia, K. Herner, R. Kessler, H. V. Peiris, M. Sako, S. Allam, D. Brout, A. Carnero Rosell, H. Y. Chen, C. Conselice, J. Derose, J. Devicente, H. T. Diehl, M. S.S. Gill, J. Gschwend, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, D. L. Tucker, R. Wechsler, E. Berger, P. S. Cowperthwaite, B. D. Metzger, P. K.G. Williams May 2019

First Measurement Of The Hubble Constant From A Dark Standard Siren Using The Dark Energy Survey Galaxies And The Ligo/Virgo Binary-Black-Hole Merger Gw170814, M. Soares-Santos, A. Palmese, W. Hartley, J. Annis, J. Garcia-Bellido, O. Lahav, Z. Doctor, M. Fishbach, D. E. Holz, H. Lin, M. E.S. Pereira, A. Garcia, K. Herner, R. Kessler, H. V. Peiris, M. Sako, S. Allam, D. Brout, A. Carnero Rosell, H. Y. Chen, C. Conselice, J. Derose, J. Devicente, H. T. Diehl, M. S.S. Gill, J. Gschwend, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, D. L. Tucker, R. Wechsler, E. Berger, P. S. Cowperthwaite, B. D. Metzger, P. K.G. Williams

Faculty Publications

We present a multi-messenger measurement of the Hubble constant H 0 using the binary-black-hole merger GW170814 as a standard siren, combined with a photometric redshift catalog from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The luminosity distance is obtained from the gravitational wave signal detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) on 2017 August 14, and the redshift information is provided by the DES Year 3 data. Black hole mergers such as GW170814 are expected to lack bright electromagnetic emission to uniquely identify their host galaxies and build an object-by-object Hubble diagram. However, they are suitable for a statistical …

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Arabinosyl Deacetylase Modulates The Arabinoxylan Acetylation Profile And Secondary Wall Formation, Lanjun Zhang, Chengxu Gao, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, Lu Tang, Dongmei Zhang, Shaogan Wang, Shaoxue Cao, Zuopeng Xu, Xiangling Liu, Tuo Wang, Yihua Zhou, Baocai Zhang May 2019

Arabinosyl Deacetylase Modulates The Arabinoxylan Acetylation Profile And Secondary Wall Formation, Lanjun Zhang, Chengxu Gao, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, Lu Tang, Dongmei Zhang, Shaogan Wang, Shaoxue Cao, Zuopeng Xu, Xiangling Liu, Tuo Wang, Yihua Zhou, Baocai Zhang

Faculty Publications

© 2019 ASPB. Acetylation, a prevalent modification of cell-wall polymers, is a tightly controlled regulatory process that orchestrates plant growth and environmental adaptation. However, due to limited characterization of the enzymes involved, it is unclear how plants establish and dynamically regulate the acetylation pattern in response to growth requirements. In this study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) GDSL esterase that deacetylates the side chain of the major rice hemicellulose, arabinoxylan. Acetyl esterases involved in arabinoxylan modification were screened using enzymatic assays combined with mass spectrometry analysis. One candidate, DEACETYLASE ON ARABINOSYL SIDECHAIN OF XYLAN1 (DARX1), is specific for arabinosyl …

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Expression Of Tachykinin3 And Related Reproductive Markers In The Brain Of The African Cichlid Fish Astatotilapia Burtoni, Julie M. Butler, Karen P. Maruska May 2019

Expression Of Tachykinin3 And Related Reproductive Markers In The Brain Of The African Cichlid Fish Astatotilapia Burtoni, Julie M. Butler, Karen P. Maruska

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Neurokinin B, encoded by the tachykinin3 gene, plays a crucial role in regulating reproduction in mammals via KNDy neurons and interaction with GnRH. Previous work in teleost fishes has focused on hypothalamic tac3 expression for its role in reproduction, but detailed studies on extra-hypothalamic tac3 expression are limited. Here, we identified two tac3 genes in the social African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni, only one of which produces a functional protein containing the signature tachykinin motif. In situ hybridization for tac3a mRNA identified cell populations throughout the brain. Numerous tac3a cells lie in several thalamic and …

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A Gradient Of Pollination Specialization In Three Species Of Bolivian Centropogon, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Nathan Muchhala May 2019

A Gradient Of Pollination Specialization In Three Species Of Bolivian Centropogon, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Nathan Muchhala

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Botanical Society of America Premise: Closely related plant species with overlapping ranges often experience competition for pollination services. Such competition can select for divergence in floral traits that attract pollinators or determine pollen placement. While most species in Centropogon (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae) have flowers that suggest adaptation to bat or hummingbird pollination, actual pollinators are rarely documented, and a few species have a mix of traits from both pollination syndromes. We studied the pollination biology of a “mixed-syndrome” species and its co-occurring congeners to examine the relationship between floral traits and visitation patterns for Centropogon. Methods: Fieldwork at two …

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Longleaf Pine Patch Dynamics Influence Ground-Layer Vegetation In Old-Growth Pine Savanna, Maria Paula Mugnani, Kevin M. Robertson, Deborah L. Miller, William J. Platt May 2019

Longleaf Pine Patch Dynamics Influence Ground-Layer Vegetation In Old-Growth Pine Savanna, Maria Paula Mugnani, Kevin M. Robertson, Deborah L. Miller, William J. Platt

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Old-growth longleaf pine savannas are characterized by diverse ground-layer plant communities comprised of graminoids, forbs, and woody plants. These communities co-exist with variable-aged patches containing similar-aged trees of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.). We tested the conceptual model that physical conditions related to the cycle of longleaf pine regeneration (stand structure, soil attributes, fire effects, and light) influence plant species' composition and spatial heterogeneity of ground-layer vegetation. We used a chrono-sequence approach in which local patches represented six stages of the regeneration cycle, from open areas without trees (gaps) to trees several centuries old, based …

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Genetics Of Variable Disease Expression Conferred By Inverse Gene-For-Gene Interactions In The Wheat-Parastagonospora Nodorum Pathosystem, Amanda R. Peters Haugrud, Zengcui Zhang, Jonathan K. Richards, Timothy L. Friesen, Justin D. Faris May 2019

Genetics Of Variable Disease Expression Conferred By Inverse Gene-For-Gene Interactions In The Wheat-Parastagonospora Nodorum Pathosystem, Amanda R. Peters Haugrud, Zengcui Zhang, Jonathan K. Richards, Timothy L. Friesen, Justin D. Faris

Faculty Publications

The wheat-Parastagonospora nodorum pathosystem involves the recognition of pathogen-secreted necrotrophic effectors (NEs) by corresponding wheat NE sensitivity genes. This inverse gene-for-gene recognition leads to necrotrophic effector-triggered susceptibility and ultimately septoria nodorum blotch disease. Here, we used multiple pathogen isolates to individually evaluate the effects of the host gene-NE interactions Tan spot necrosis1-Stagonospora nodorum ToxinA (Tsn1-SnToxA), Stagonospora nodorum necrosis1-Stagonospora nodorum Toxin1 (Snn1-SnTox1), and Stagonospora nodorum necrosis3-B genome homeolog1-Stagonospora nodorum Toxin3 (Snn3-B1-SnTox3), alone and in various combinations, to determine the relative importance of these interactions in causing disease. Genetic analysis of a recombinant inbred wheat population inoculated separately with three P. nodorum …

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Effect Of Alkali-Enhanced Biochar On Silicon Uptake And Suppression Of Gray Leaf Spot Development In Perennial Ryegrass, Meng Wang, Jim J. Wang, Negar D. Tafti, Clayton A. Hollier, Gerald Myers, Xudong Wang May 2019

Effect Of Alkali-Enhanced Biochar On Silicon Uptake And Suppression Of Gray Leaf Spot Development In Perennial Ryegrass, Meng Wang, Jim J. Wang, Negar D. Tafti, Clayton A. Hollier, Gerald Myers, Xudong Wang

Faculty Publications

Silicon (Si) is known to alleviate biotic and abiotic stress, and to reduce the development of fungal diseases in a number of different pathosystems. Biochar-based Si fertilizers, especially highly efficient alkali-enhanced biochar for recycling phytolith, has been recently proposed as a stress-alleviating amendment but its evaluation on plant disease development has not been investigated. In this study, several biochar–based Si fertilizers including raw biochar without alkaline enhancement (0 KB), alkali-enhanced biochars with KOH (10 KB), CaO (10CB), and K 2 CO 3 (10K2B) along with commonly-used mineral Si fertilizer wollastonite (WO) and calcium silicate slag (SL) were evaluated in a …

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Field-Evolved Resistance Of Helicoverpa Zea (Boddie) To Transgenic Maize Expressing Pyramided Cry1a.105/Cry2ab2 Proteins In Northeast Louisiana, The United States, Gagandeep Kaur, Jianguo Guo, Sebe Brown, Graham P. Head, Paula A. Price, Silvana Paula-Moraes, Xinzhi Ni, Marcelo Dimase, Fangneng Huang May 2019

Field-Evolved Resistance Of Helicoverpa Zea (Boddie) To Transgenic Maize Expressing Pyramided Cry1a.105/Cry2ab2 Proteins In Northeast Louisiana, The United States, Gagandeep Kaur, Jianguo Guo, Sebe Brown, Graham P. Head, Paula A. Price, Silvana Paula-Moraes, Xinzhi Ni, Marcelo Dimase, Fangneng Huang

Faculty Publications

The corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major target pest of pyramided Bt maize and cotton in the U.S. In 2017 and 2018, notable ear damage and larval survival of H. zea were observed on pyramided Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 maize in some fields in northeast Louisiana, U.S. The objective of this study was to determine if the field control problem was due to resistance development to the Bt proteins in plants. A total of 15 H. zea populations were collected from Bt and non-Bt maize plants in 2017 and 2018 in multiple locations in Louisiana, Florida, and Georgia. Diet-overlay …

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Identification Of Blood Biomarkers Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Collegiate Football Players, Amy Turner May 2019

Identification Of Blood Biomarkers Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury In Collegiate Football Players, Amy Turner

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Zinc Toxicity And Iron-Sulfur Cluster Biogenesis In Escherichia Coli, Huangen Ding May 2019

Zinc Toxicity And Iron-Sulfur Cluster Biogenesis In Escherichia Coli, Huangen Ding

Faculty Publications

While zinc is an essential trace metal in biology, excess zinc is toxic to organisms. Previous studies have shown that zinc toxicity is associated with disruption of the (4Fe-4S] clusters in various dehydratases in Escherichia coli. Here, we report that the intracellular zinc overload in E. coli cells inhibits iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis without affecting the preassembled iron-sulfur clusters in proteins. Among the housekeeping iron-sulfur cluster assembly proteins encoded by the gene cluster iscSUA-hscBA-fdx-iscX in E. coli cells, the scaffold IscU, the iron chaperone IscA, and ferredoxin have strong zinc binding activity in cells, suggesting that intracellular zinc overload inhibits iron-sulfur …

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Three-Dimensional Basin And Fault Structure From A Detailed Seismic Velocity Model Of Coachella Valley, Southern California, Rasheed Ajala, Patricia Persaud, Joann M. Stock, Gary S. Fuis, John A. Hole, Mark Goldman, Daniel Scheirer May 2019

Three-Dimensional Basin And Fault Structure From A Detailed Seismic Velocity Model Of Coachella Valley, Southern California, Rasheed Ajala, Patricia Persaud, Joann M. Stock, Gary S. Fuis, John A. Hole, Mark Goldman, Daniel Scheirer

Faculty Publications

The Coachella Valley in the northern Salton Trough is known to produce destructive earthquakes, making it a high seismic hazard area. Knowledge of the seismic velocity structure and geometry of the sedimentary basins and fault zones is required to improve earthquake hazard estimates in this region. We simultaneously inverted first P wave travel times from the Southern California Seismic Network (39,998 local earthquakes) and explosions (251 land/sea shots) from the 2011 Salton Seismic Imaging Project to obtain a 3-D seismic velocity model. Earthquakes with focal depths ≤10 km were selected to focus on the upper crustal structure. Strong lateral velocity …

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Review Of The History Of Living Forever, Michael F. Russo May 2019

Review Of The History Of Living Forever, Michael F. Russo

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Accelerating Many-Nucleon Basis Generation For High Performance Computing Enabled Ab Initio Nuclear Structure Studies, Daniel Langr, Tomáš Dytrych, Kristina D. Launey, Jerry P. Draayer May 2019

Accelerating Many-Nucleon Basis Generation For High Performance Computing Enabled Ab Initio Nuclear Structure Studies, Daniel Langr, Tomáš Dytrych, Kristina D. Launey, Jerry P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

We present the problem of generating a many-nucleon basis in SU(3) -scheme for ab initio nuclear structure calculations in a symmetry-adapted no-core shell model framework. We first discuss and analyze the basis construction algorithm whose baseline implementation quickly becomes a significant bottleneck for large model spaces and heavier nuclei. The outcomes of this analysis are utilized to propose a new scalable version of the algorithm. Its performance is consequently studied empirically using the Blue Waters supercomputer. The measurements show significant acceleration achieved with over two orders of magnitude speedups realized for larger model spaces.

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Homoeostatic Maintenance Of Nonstructural Carbohydrates During The 2015–2016 El Niño Drought Across A Tropical Forest Precipitation Gradient, Lee Turin Dickman, Nate G. Mcdowell, Charlotte Grossiord, Adam D. Collins, Brett T. Wolfe, Matteo Detto, S. Joseph Wright, José A. Medina-Vega, Devin Goodsman, Alistair Rogers, Shawn P. Serbin, Jin Wu, Kim S. Ely, Sean T. Michaletz, Chonggang Xu, Lara Kueppers, Jeffrey Q. Chambers May 2019

Homoeostatic Maintenance Of Nonstructural Carbohydrates During The 2015–2016 El Niño Drought Across A Tropical Forest Precipitation Gradient, Lee Turin Dickman, Nate G. Mcdowell, Charlotte Grossiord, Adam D. Collins, Brett T. Wolfe, Matteo Detto, S. Joseph Wright, José A. Medina-Vega, Devin Goodsman, Alistair Rogers, Shawn P. Serbin, Jin Wu, Kim S. Ely, Sean T. Michaletz, Chonggang Xu, Lara Kueppers, Jeffrey Q. Chambers

Faculty Publications

Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) are essential for maintenance of plant metabolism and may be sensitive to short- and long-term climatic variation. NSC variation in moist tropical forests has rarely been studied, so regulation of NSCs in these systems is poorly understood. We measured foliar and branch NSC content in 23 tree species at three sites located across a large precipitation gradient in Panama during the 2015–2016 El Niño to examine how short- and long-term climatic variation impact carbohydrate dynamics. There was no significant difference in total NSCs as the drought progressed (leaf P = 0.32, branch P = 0.30) nor across …

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Rural-Urban Variation In Informal Work Activities In The United States, Leif Jensen, Ann R. Tickamyer, Tim Slack May 2019

Rural-Urban Variation In Informal Work Activities In The United States, Leif Jensen, Ann R. Tickamyer, Tim Slack

Faculty Publications

Using a unique national-level household survey of informal labor in the United States, this paper examines the extent that rural versus urban residence influences the types and forms of participation in informal work activities. The informal economy consists of work activities that generate income or reduce expenditures outside the scope of state regulation in contexts where these activities otherwise would be regulated. Often associated with developing and transition economies, past research using both qualitative and quantitative methods demonstrate its prevalence in industrial and postindustrial economies. In the U.S., most of this research is geographically constrained or limited to specific subpopulations …

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Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (Pbdes) In Ambient Air Samples At The Electronic Waste (E-Waste) Reclamation Site, Ajit Ghimire, Albert Leo N. Dela Cruz, Roberto Wong, Panida Navasumrit, Stephania Cormier, Slawomir M. Lomnicki May 2019

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (Pbdes) In Ambient Air Samples At The Electronic Waste (E-Waste) Reclamation Site, Ajit Ghimire, Albert Leo N. Dela Cruz, Roberto Wong, Panida Navasumrit, Stephania Cormier, Slawomir M. Lomnicki

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as flame retardants in various building materials, plastic and other polymers, airplanes, electronics, etc. All or some of their congeners have been already banned in many countries, due to their persistency and adverse health effects. In this study, we are focusing on e-wastes as a source of emission of PBDEs in ambient air during reclamation processes. The ambient air particulate matter (PM) samples were collected at and near an e-waste reclamation site in Bangkok, Thailand. Results showed the presence of various homologues, viz: tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and hepta-PBDEs in both PM2.5 and …

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Effect Of Hot Water Treatment Of In-Shell Pecans On Physicochemical Properties And Consumer Acceptability Of Roasted Pecan Kernels, Karuna Kharel, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy, Charles J. Graham, Achyut Adhikari May 2019

Effect Of Hot Water Treatment Of In-Shell Pecans On Physicochemical Properties And Consumer Acceptability Of Roasted Pecan Kernels, Karuna Kharel, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy, Charles J. Graham, Achyut Adhikari

Faculty Publications

The effect of hot water pre-treatment of in-shell pecans on physicochemical properties, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of dehulled and roasted kernels was evaluated. In-shell pecans were first subjected to hot water at 70, 80 and 90 °C for 8.6, 6.6 and 4.6 min respectively and kernels were later dry roasted at 160 °C for 10 min. The physicochemical properties of hot water treated and untreated nuts, before and after roasting were determined. Furthermore, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of the roasted kernels were determined. Hot water treatment, alone and subsequent roasting had minimal effect on pecans’ physicochemical properties. Consumers …

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Effect Of Residual Chlorine And Organic Acids On Survival And Attachment Of Escherichia Coli O157: H7 And Listeria Monocytogenes On Spinach Leaves During Storage, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Marlene E. Janes, Joan M. King, William Doerrler, Achyut Adhikari May 2019

Effect Of Residual Chlorine And Organic Acids On Survival And Attachment Of Escherichia Coli O157: H7 And Listeria Monocytogenes On Spinach Leaves During Storage, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Marlene E. Janes, Joan M. King, William Doerrler, Achyut Adhikari

Faculty Publications

The use of sanitizers during produce wash operation is a common practice, but little is known about the effect of residual sanitizers on minimizing food safety risks associated with post-sanitizing cross-contaminations. This study investigated the effect of residual chlorine and organic acids on the survival and the attachment of E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes on spinach leaves during refrigerated storage. The pathogens were spot inoculated on chlorine (100 ppm), lactic acid (0.5%) and acetic acid (0.5%) treated leaves, and their survival during refrigerated storage (4 °C) was examined. A significant reduction (P < 0.05) in E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes populations was observed within 15 min of exposure on chlorine-treated leaves, with total reductions of 2.64 and 3.15 log CFU/cm2 respectively after 48 h. On 0.5% lactic acid treated leaves, the reduction in E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes population was 3.07 log CFU/cm2 (24 h) and 1.40 log CFU/cm2 (48 h), respectively. The effect of residual sanitizers was significantly greater on loosely attached populations compared to strongly attached populations. These results indicate that the residual sanitizers present on vegetable leaves after sanitizers wash may have a role in reducing the risks associated with post-sanitizing cross-contamination.

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Functional Screening Of Genes From A Halophyte Wild Rice Relative Porteresia Coarctata In Arabidopsis Model Identifies Candidate Genes Involved In Salt Tolerance, Venkata R. Mangu, Disna Ratnasekera, Jonalyn C. Yabes, Rod A. Wing, Niranjan Baisakh May 2019

Functional Screening Of Genes From A Halophyte Wild Rice Relative Porteresia Coarctata In Arabidopsis Model Identifies Candidate Genes Involved In Salt Tolerance, Venkata R. Mangu, Disna Ratnasekera, Jonalyn C. Yabes, Rod A. Wing, Niranjan Baisakh

Faculty Publications

High soil salinity is one of the most important environmental stressors, and is an increasing concern under the alarmingly global climate uncertainties. Salinity affects the growth and productivity of food crops, including rice, and ultimately threatens global food security and sustainability. Conventional breeding efforts to develop salt tolerant rice varieties utilizing its primary gene pool have resulted in limited success due to the mutligenic inheritance of salt tolerance traits. On the other hand, Porteresia coarctata, the only halophyte wild rice, offers tremendous opportunities to improve salt tolerance in rice. However, reports on the characterization of its rich genetic resources are …

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Registration Of ‘Clj01’ Rice, Adam N. Famoso, Dustin L. Harrell, Donald E. Groth, Manoch Kongchum, Ida Wenefrida, James H. Oard, Richard E. Zaunbrecher, Karen F. Bearb, Corey A. Conner, Gavin J. Guidry, Brijesh Angira, Xueyen Sha, Steven D. Linscombe May 2019

Registration Of ‘Clj01’ Rice, Adam N. Famoso, Dustin L. Harrell, Donald E. Groth, Manoch Kongchum, Ida Wenefrida, James H. Oard, Richard E. Zaunbrecher, Karen F. Bearb, Corey A. Conner, Gavin J. Guidry, Brijesh Angira, Xueyen Sha, Steven D. Linscombe

Faculty Publications

‘CLJ01’ (Reg. No. CV-152, PI 687326), a Clearfield (BASF) long-grain aromatic (Jazzman) rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar, was developed by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station near Crowley, LA, and approved for release by the director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station in 2018. CLJ01 is the first aromatic rice cultivar to be released for use with the Clearfield rice production systems. CLJ01 was derived from the cross ‘Jazzman’/08CLR004//RU0802146/3/RU1002146, made 2010 and advanced in 2014 as an F 4 row selection. Preliminary testing in 2015 indicated high yield potential and favorable agronomic …

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