Digital Commons Network^™

Fgf21 And The Physiological Regulation Of Macronutrient Preference, Cristal M. Hill, Emily Qualls-Creekmore, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Paul Soto, Sangho Yu, David H. Mcdougal, Heike Münzberg, Christopher D. Morrison

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The ability to respond to variations in nutritional status depends on regulatory systems that monitor nutrient intake and adaptively alter metabolism and feeding behavior during nutrient restriction. There is ample evidence that the restriction of water, sodium, or energy intake triggers adaptive responses that conserve existing nutrient stores and promote the ingestion of the missing nutrient, and that these homeostatic responses are mediated, at least in part, by nutritionally regulated hormones acting within the brain. This review highlights recent research that suggests that the metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) acts on the brain to homeostatically alter macronutrient preference. …

The Effect Of Aspartate And Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation On Muscle Contractile Properties Among Trained Men, Tyler M. Farney, Michael J. Maclellan, Christopher M. Hearon, Neil M. Johannsen, Arnold G. Nelson

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

The focus of this investigation was to examine the effects of aspartate and NaHCO3 supplementation on muscle contractile properties within trained men. Eleven men (21.9 ± 1.5 years) ingested supplementation as 4 conditions all separated by 1 week and included the following: placebo (PLA), l-aspartate (12.5 mg) (ASP), NaHCO3 (0.3 g·kg-1) (SBC), or combination of ASP and SBC (CBO). For each day of testing, participants performed 1 high-intensity exercise session along with a pre- and postexercise (pre- or postex) isometric mid thigh pull test to measure peak force (PF) production and rate of force development (RFD). Blood was collected for …

Dynamics Of Corn Dry Matter Content And Grain Quality After Physiological Maturity, Md Rasel Parvej, Charles R. Hurburgh, H. Mark Hanna, Mark A. Licht

Faculty Publications

Delayed corn (Zea mays L.) harvest after physiological maturity (PM) is a universal practice in the U.S. Corn Belt to reduce grain drying cost. However, corn yield is speculated to be lost due to kernel dry matter loss from seed respiration. We evaluated the impact of in-field dry down on corn dry matter content and grain quality after PM at two locations in Iowa during 2016 and 2017. Each site-year consisted of two planting dates and three hybrids where ears were collected six to eight times from PM to harvest. Regardless of site-year and hybrid, grain moisture decreased and test …

Body Mass Index And Movement Behaviors Among Schoolchildren From 13 Countries Across A Continuum Of Human Development Indices: A Multinational Cross-Sectional Study, Taru Manyanga, Joel D. Barnes, Jean Philippe Chaput, Michelle Guerrero, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Emily F. Mire, Antonio Prista, Mark S. Tremblay

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: This study describes the distributions of body mass index (BMI) and movement behaviors among schoolchildren from 13 countries across a continuum of human development. Methods: Data were from a cross-sectional study of 9-11-year-old children (n = 8055) recruited from 269 urban schools in 13 countries, and an additional 7 rural schools in one of these countries (Mozambique). BMI was derived from objectively measured heights and weights. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (SED), and sleep duration were assessed by waist-worn Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Linear models were used to describe the distributions of BMI z-scores, MVPA, SED, and …

Why Are Children Different In Their Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity Levels? A Multilevel Analysis, Sara Pereira, Ana Reyes, Marcos A. Moura-Dos-Santos, Carla Santos, Thayse N. Gomes, Go Tani, Olga Vasconcelos, Tiago V. Barreira, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: Children's differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels are not at random. This study investigates the relevance of individual- and school-level characteristics in explaining these differences. Methods: In total, 307 children (154 girls) aged 5–10 years, from 19 Portuguese schools, were sampled. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index was calculated. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Gross motor coordination was assessed with the KörperkoordinationsTest für Kinder battery and socio-economic status was obtained via the school social support system. School characteristics were obtained with an objective school audit. A multilevel analysis was used as …

Scaling Anomaly In The Mechanical Response In Microscale Reverse Extrusion Of Copper, Bin Zhang, W. J. Meng

Faculty Publications

The continuing trend of device miniaturization brings increasing demand for small metal parts and, consequently, significant interest in microscale metal forming technologies. In this work, the influence of grain size on mechanical response in microscale axisymmetric reverse extrusion of Cu 110 alloy was investigated in detail. A characteristic plastic strain associated with material deformation in the extrusion process was, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, defined, measured, and used to evaluate the material's bulk flow stress at this corresponding strain. This flow stress was then used to scale measured mechanical response in reverse extrusion and help …

Spatial And Pregnancy-Related Changes In The Protein, Amino Acid, And Carbohydrate Composition Of Bovine Oviduct Fluid, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Veronica Maillo, Omar Salvador Acuña, Rebeca López-Úbeda, Alejandro Torrecillas, Constantine A. Simintiras, Roger Sturmey, Manuel Avilés, Patrick Lonergan, Dimitrios Rizos

Faculty Publications

Knowledge of how the biochemical composition of the bovine oviduct is altered due to the oviduct anatomy or the presence of an embryo is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of (І) oviduct anatomy and (ІІ) embryo presence on oviductal fluid (OF) protein, amino acid, and carbohydrate composition. Cross-bred beef heifers (n = 19) were synchronized and those in standing estrus were randomly allocated to a cyclic (non-bred) or pregnant (artificially inseminated) group. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 3 after estrus. The oviducts ipsilateral to the corpus luteum from each animal were isolated, …

The 21st Century Agriculture: When Rice Research Draws Attention To Climate Variability And How Weedy Rice And Underutilized Grains Come In Handy, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Phaik Eem Lim, Niranjan Baisakh, Acga Cheng

Faculty Publications

Rice, the first crop to be fully sequenced and annotated in the mid-2000s, is an excellent model species for crop research due mainly to its relatively small genome and rich genetic diversity. The 130-million-year-old cereal came into the limelight in the 1960s when the semi-dwarfing gene sd-1, better known as the “green revolution” gene, resulted in the establishment of a high-yielding semi-dwarf variety IR8. Deemed as the miracle rice, IR8 saved millions of lives and revolutionized irrigated rice farming particularly in the tropics. The technology, however, spurred some unintended negative consequences, especially in prompting ubiquitous monoculture systems that increase agricultural …

Correction: Cultivation And Genomics Of The First Freshwater Sar11 (Ld12) Isolate (The Isme Journal, (2018), 12, 7, (1846-1860), 10.1038/S41396-018-0092-2), Michael W. Henson, V. Celeste Lanclos, Brant C. Faircloth, J. Cameron Thrash

Faculty Publications

Since publication of the original article the authors noticed, regrettably, that the production of the article introduced errors into the nomenclature format for the organism, which were identified by the authors during proofing, but nevertheless remained uncorrected prior to publication of the article. In the Abstract section “For strain LSUCC0530, we propose the provisional nomenclature Candidatus fonsibacter ubiquis” should read “For strain LSUCC0530, we propose the provisional nomenclature Candidatus Fonsibacter ubiquis”. In the Discussion section For the first cultured representative of the LD12 clade, we propose the provisional taxonomic assignment for strain LSUCC0530 as “Candidatus fonsibacter ubiquis” should read For …

Seasonal Population Patterns Of A New Scale Pest, Acanthococcus Lagerstroemiae Kuwana (Hemiptera: Sternorrhynca: Eriococcidae), Of Crapemyrtles Intexas, Louisiana, And Arkansas, Erfan Vafaie, Michael Merchant, Cai Xiaoya, John D. Hopkins, James A. Robbins, Yan Chen, Mengmeng Gu

Faculty Publications

The crapemyrtle bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae, is an invasive scale insect pest of crapemyrtles. Crawler populations were monitored using double-sided sticky tape on established crapemyrtle trees in Tyler (TX), Huntsville (TX), Dallas (TX), College Station (TX), Shreveport (LA), and Little Rock (AR) from 2015-2017 to determine crawler activity and determine if degree-day models could predict the first peak in crawler activity. Difference in crawler densities on upper and lower branches of trees was also determined by using double-sided sticky tapes. The first peak in crapemyrtle bark scale crawler activity was between March 26th and May 22nd across all locations and …

Deep Density Estimation Via Invertible Block-Triangular Mapping, Keju Tang, Xiaoliang Wan, Qifeng Liao

Faculty Publications

In this work, we develop an invertible transport map, called KRnet, for density estimation by coupling the Knothe–Rosenblatt (KR) rearrangement and the flow-based generative model, which generalizes the real-valued non-volume preserving (real NVP) model (arX-iv:1605.08803v3). The triangular structure of the KR rearrangement breaks the symmetry of the real NVP in terms of the exchange of information between dimensions, which not only accelerates the training process but also improves the accuracy significantly. We have also introduced several new layers into the generative model to improve both robustness and effectiveness, including a reformulated affine coupling layer, a rotation layer and a component-wise …

Erratum: Detection Of Antibiotic Resistance Toxigenic Clostridium Difficile In Processed Retail Lettuce (Food Quality And Safety Doi: 10.1093/Fqsafe/Fyx032), Yi Han, Joan King, Marlene E. Janes

Faculty Publications

In the originally published version of this article the term 'Anonymous' was used incorrectly in a citation and in the associated reference. This has now been corrected to 'The Swedish CDAD Study Group' in the second paragraph and in the following reference: Anonymous.(1994). Treatment of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea and colitis with an oral preparation of teicoplanin; a dose finding study. The Swedish CDAD Study Group. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 26: 309-316. has been changed to The Swedish CDAD Study Group.(1994). Treatment of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea and colitis with an oral preparation of teicoplanin; a dose finding study. …

Reflection Positivity On Spheres, Karl Hermann Neeb, Gestur Ólafsson

Faculty Publications

In this article we specialize a construction of a reflection positive Hilbert space due to Dimock and Jaffe–Ritter to the sphere Sn. We determine the resulting Osterwalder–Schrader Hilbert space, a construction that can be viewed as the step from euclidean to relativistic quantum field theory. We show that this process gives rise to an irreducible unitary spherical representation of the orthochronous Lorentz group Gc= O 1,n(R) ↑ and that the representations thus obtained are the irreducible unitary spherical representations of this group. A key tool is a certain complex domain Ξ , known as the crown of the hyperboloid, containing …

North Atlantic Hurricane Winds In Warmer Than Normal Seas, Jill C. Trepanier

Faculty Publications

Tropical cyclones devastate coastlines around the world. The United States and surrounding areas experienced catastrophic extreme events in recent hurricane seasons. Understanding extreme hurricanes and how they change in a warming ocean environment is of the utmost importance. This study makes use of the historical, positive relationship between average summer sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and maximum hurricane wind speeds across the North Atlantic Basin from 1854-2018. Geographically weighted regression shows how the relationship between hurricane winds and SSTs varies across space. Each localized slope is used to increase historical wind speeds to represent winds in a three-degree Celsius warmer-than-average sea …

Climatology And Spatiotemporal Analysis Of North Atlantic Rapidly Intensifying Hurricanes (1851-2017), Kathleen M. Benedetto, Jill C. Trepanier

Faculty Publications

In recent decades, the scientific ability to project tropical cyclone (TC) intensities and tracks has improved. Hurricanes undergoing the process of rapid intensification (RI) have created new barriers in formulating predictions of TC paths and peak velocities. Current research suggests the warming climate may produce more intense TCs with a higher probability of undergoing RI during their life cycle. The increased likelihood of rapidly intensifying TCs necessitates the development of an RI climatology spanning the current North Atlantic record. A time series count analysis suggests a significant increasing trend of RI events in the Atlantic basin by 29.1% (17%-45%) from …

Trend Analysis Of Multiple Extreme Hourly Precipitation Time Series In The Southeastern United States, Vincent M. Brown, Barry D. Keim, Alan W. Black

Faculty Publications

Annual trends in extreme hourly precipitation time series were examined at 50 first-order weather stations across the southeastern United States from 1960 to 2017. Results indicated that the magnitude of annual maximum 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-h periods did not broadly change at the sites analyzed; however, the numerical value that defines a (station specific) 90th-percentile hourly accumulation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased at 36% (18/50) of the stations. No station had a significant decreasing trend in annual 90th-percentile hourly event magnitude. Stations in Texas observed the largest increase in annual 90th-percentile hourly event magnitude, where parameter estimates showed …

Pollen Placement On Petals, Kyle E. Harms

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Lidar Time-Series Analysis Of A Rapidly Transgressing Low-Lying Mainland Barrier (Caminada Headlands, Louisiana, Usa), Cody L. Johnson, Qin Chen, Celalettin E. Ozdemir

Faculty Publications

Coastal barriers are the first line of defense against storm surge and wind wave induced hazards. Their response to such events, therefore, require continual assessment. Airborne lidar surveying is a valuable remote sensing technique used to assess the dynamics of coastal dunes driven by the impacts of storms and the subsequent recovery processes. Different from previous research conducted on this topic, where pre- and post-storm surveys are employed to analyze the effects of isolated extreme events, this study makes use of a 15-year lidar survey time series of the Caminada-Moreau Headlands. The Caminada-Moreau Headlands, located in Louisiana, USA, on the …

Synthesis Of Praseodymium-And Molybdenum- Sulfide Nanoparticles For Dye-Photodegradation And Near-Infrared Deep-Tissue Imaging, Ye Wu, Pengfei Ou, Jun Song, Ling Zhang, Yingcheng Lin, Pengfei Song, Jian Xu

Faculty Publications

Development of nanoparticles with multi-functionalities is of great importance. In this study, praseodymium sulfide (Pr2S3) and molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles were synthesized. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the as-obtained products were investigated by XRD, XPS, TEM, UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Pr2S3 is found to be used in selective photodegradation of fluorescein sodium salt. MoS2 can be utilized for selective photodegradation of rhodamine B. In the mixture of rhodamine B, fluorescein sodium salt and rhodamine 6 G, most of rhodamine B and part of fluorescein sodium salt are optically degraded by Pr2S3. In the mixture of rhodamine B, …

20 Years Of Evolution From Cognitive To Intelligent Communications, Zhijin Qin, Xiangwei Zhou, Lin Zhang, Yue Gao, Ying Chang Liang, Geoffrey Ye Li

Faculty Publications

It has been 20 years since the concept of cognitive radio (CR) was proposed, which is an efficient approach to provide more access opportunities to connect massive wireless devices. To improve the spectrum efficiency, CR enables unlicensed usage of licensed spectrum resources. It has been regarded as the key enabler for intelligent communications. In this article, we will provide an overview on the intelligent communication in the past two decades to illustrate the revolution of its capability from cognition to artificial intelligence (AI). Particularly, this article starts from a comprehensive review of typical spectrum sensing and sharing, followed by the …

The White-Black Disparity In Maternal Mortality And Morbidity: An Evaluation Of Risk Factors, Ann Gilbert

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Testing The Interaction Between The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator And Anoctamin 1 In Amacrine Cells Of Gallus Gallus Retinas, Hailey Danielle Simpson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Unreasonable People And The Possibility Of Liberal Containment, Cameron Simmons

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Origins Of Facultative Heterotrophy In Cyanobacteria, Emily A. Brown

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Large And Moderate Deviation Principles For Recursive Kernel Estimators For Spatial Data, Salim Bouzebda, Yousri Slaoui

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Motivation, Higher Education, Belonging, And Development: Integration Of Highly Educated Immigrants Into The Western Labor Market, Cihan Aydiner

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The research investigates the interdependencies among higher education, motivation, belonging, and development. Also, the study covers the literature on integration and gender of international migrants.

The first study examines the motivation to serve and its predictors among Turkish military officers and Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) prior to July 15^th, 2016 Coup attempt in Turkey. Based on survey data, the findings revealed that institutional and moral commitments, organizational responsiveness, perceived fairness, and satisfaction with social benefits were positive significant determinants of motivation to serve, while occupational commitment had a negative relationship with it.

The second study examines the labor market …

Ecogeomorphic Evolution Of Muddy Coastlines: How Biota On A Range Of Scales, From Microscopic Biofilms To Landscape-Scale Vegetation Zonation Patterns, Interact With Physical Processes, Kendall Cole

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Coastal wetland ecosystems are inherently interdisciplinary; in these spaces, the physical forces of wind and water meet to interact with stabilizing and fortifying vegetation and biota, as well as mud. The combination of these factors build and sustain wetland ecosystems and without the complex feedbacks, they would cease to exist. In this dissertation, I present three studies that focus on ecogeomorphic interactions within coastal wetlands on a range of scales, from microscopic to the entire landscape and highlight the importance of these interactions when predicting future coastal change. The first study examined how biofilms, matrixes of photosynthetic diatoms and their …

Closed Quantum Black-Scholes: Quantum Drift And The Heisenberg Equation Of Motion, Will Hicks

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Implementing Policy, Systems, And Environmental Change Through Community Coalitions And Extension Partnerships To Address Obesity In Rural Louisiana, Denise Holston, Jessica Stroope, Melissa Cater, Michelle Kendall, Stephanie Broyles

Faculty Publications

Community coalitions and agents funded by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center's Healthy Communities program implemented multilevel obesity prevention interventions in 3 rural parishes (ie, counties) with an obesity prevalence of 40% or higher. The Healthy Communities coalitions appraised local health concerns through needs assessments and community forums. On the basis of local needs and the evidence base, the coalitions identified and implemented policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) strategies and supporting education to promote healthy behavior change among residents, overcoming barriers in the process. Interventions varied by parish but included Complete Streets implementation plans, healthy retail initiatives, play space improvements, …

Three Essays On The Economics Of Education, Tianheng Wang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation consists of three essays related to the field of economics of education. In chapter 2, using data from middle school students in China and exploiting the random assignment of students to classrooms within schools, I investigate the causal effect of peer groups on students’ scholastic achievement. I find that female student proportion in the classroom positively affects male students’ test scores and that the education level of peers’ parents improves the academic achievement of both male and female students. Students with highly-educated parents benefit more from classmates with higher parental education compared to students with relatively lower parental …